WO2006050168A1 - Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes - Google Patents
Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006050168A1 WO2006050168A1 PCT/US2005/039093 US2005039093W WO2006050168A1 WO 2006050168 A1 WO2006050168 A1 WO 2006050168A1 US 2005039093 W US2005039093 W US 2005039093W WO 2006050168 A1 WO2006050168 A1 WO 2006050168A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- component
- cracking
- combustion
- catalytic cracking
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- B01J35/19—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- C10G11/187—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/58—Platinum group metals with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/12—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
- B01J38/30—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas in gaseous suspension, e.g. fluidised bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/12—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
- B01J38/30—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas in gaseous suspension, e.g. fluidised bed
- B01J38/36—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas in gaseous suspension, e.g. fluidised bed and with substantially complete oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide within regeneration zone
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the reduction Of NO x emissions in refinery processes, and specifically in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process.
- FCC fluid catalytic cracking
- the present invention relates to a process for the reduction Of NO x in the off gas emitted from a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) regenerator operating in a full burn or complete combustion mode.
- FCCU fluid catalytic cracking unit
- coke which deposits from the cracking reaction onto the catalyst particles is removed at elevated temperatures by oxidation with oxygen containing gases such as air.
- the removal of coke deposits restores the activity of the catalyst particles to the point where they can be reused in the cracking reaction.
- the coke removal step is performed over a wide range of oxygen availability conditions. At the minimum, there is typically at least enough oxygen to convert all the coke made to CO and H 2 O. At the maximum, the amount of oxygen available is equal to or greater than the amount necessary to oxidize all the coke to CO 2 and H2O.
- afterburn This phenomenon, generally referred to as "afterburn", is common in full burn regenerators because by the very nature of this mode of operation there is excess O 2 in the regenerator available to "light up” CO escaping the dense bed. Because afterburn occurs after the dense bed of the cracking catalyst which acts as a heat sink absorbing the heat released from the exothermic reaction of CO with O 2 , it can heat up the gases to the point that overheating can occur. The result can be temperatures which approach the metallurgical limit of the materials used to construct the regenerator. High afterburn can limit the useful life of the regenerator equipment, and runaway afterburn can cause catastrophic equipment failure.
- a catalytic cracking process has been developed which reduces the content of NO x emissions released from the flue gas exiting an FCCU regeneration zone operating in a complete or full burn combustion mode.
- the processes of the present invention are capable of avoiding significant NO x formation while simultaneously promoting CO combustion during a catalytic cracking process.
- Another advantage of the invention is to provide improved full burn or complete combustion FCC processes.
- Figure 3 is a graphic representation of the comparison of NO conversion in an
- Figure 4 is a graphic representation of the NO emissions measured in the DCR regenerator effluent for Additives A and C.
- NO x is used herein to indicate oxides of nitrogen, e.g. nitric oxide, (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) the principal noxious oxides of nitrogen, as well as N 2 O 4 , N 2 O 5 and mixtures thereof.
- afterburn is used herein to indicate the burning of CO which occurs when CO and O 2 escaping the dense bed of fluidized cracking catalyst being regenerated react at any point above the dense catalyst bed, including the area immediately above the dense bed (dilute phase), the cyclones where entrained catalyst is separated from the flue gas, the plenum, overhead area above the cyclones, or the flue gas pipe.
- Alkaline earth metals useful to prepare compositions in accordance with the present invention include, but are not limited to, magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium and the like.
- the alkaline earth metal is magnesium.
- the amount of alkaline earth metal present in the composition of the invention is at least 0.5 wt % (on a metal oxide basis).
- the amount of the alkaline earth metal ranges from about 0.5 to 60 wt %, most preferably 5 to 40 wt %, (on a metal oxide basis) of the invention composition. It is within the scope of the invention to use the alkali and alkaline earth metals alone or in combination.
- the amount of ceria present in the oxygen storage component is at least 1 wt%, preferably at least 10 wt% and most preferred at least 30 wt% of the oxygen storage component.
- the oxygen storage metal oxide component consists essentially of ceria.
- the invention process involves circulating an inventory of cracking catalyst and the NO x reduction composition in a catalytic cracking process, which presently is almost invariably the FCC process.
- FCC moving bed type
- the invention will be described with reference to the FCC process although the present cracking process could be used in the older moving bed type (TCC) cracking process with appropriate adjustments in particle size to suit the requirements of the process.
- TCC moving bed type
- conventional FCC catalysts may be used, for example, zeolite based catalysts with a faujasite cracking component as described in the seminal review by Venuto and Habib, Fluid Catalytic Cracking with Zeolite Catalyst, Marcel Dekker, New York 1979, ISBN 0-8247-6870-1 as well as in numerous other sources such as Sadeghbeigi, Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook, Gulf Publ. Co. Houston, 1995, ISBN 0-88415-290-1.
- the FCC catalysts consist of a binder, usually silica, alumina, or silica alumina, a Y type acidic zeolitic active component, one or more matrix aluminas and/or silica aluminas, and fillers such as kaolin clay.
- the Y zeolite may be present in one or more fonns and may have been ultra-stabilized and/or treated with stabilizing cations such as any of the rare earths.
- the extent of NO x reduction will depend on such factors as, e.g., the composition and amount of the additive utilized; the design and the manner in which the FCCU is operated, including but not limited to oxygen level and distribution of air in the regenerator, catalyst bed depth in the regenerator, stripper operation and regenerator temperature; the properties of the hydrocarbon feedstock cracked; and the presence of other catalytic additives that may affect the chemistry and operation of the regenerator.
- the effectiveness of the process of the invention may be expected to vary from unit to unit.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2007004627A MX2007004627A (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes. |
EP05820204A EP1838812A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes |
AU2005302455A AU2005302455B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of NOx emissions in full burn FCC processes |
BRPI0517382-5A BRPI0517382A (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | nox emission reduction in full burn fcc process |
CA002585752A CA2585752A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes |
JP2007539202A JP2008519101A (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction method of NOx emission in FCC process with sufficient combustion mode |
US11/665,814 US7695611B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of NOx emissions in full burn FCC processes |
IL182384A IL182384A0 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2007-04-01 | Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes |
NO20072816A NO20072816L (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2007-06-04 | Reduction of NOx emissions in full burner FCC processes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US62449204P | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | |
US60/624,492 | 2004-11-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006050168A1 true WO2006050168A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
Family
ID=35784739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/039093 WO2006050168A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2005-10-31 | Reduction of nox emissions in full burn fcc processes |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7695611B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1838812A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008519101A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070088664A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101052699A (en) |
AR (1) | AR052782A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005302455B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0517382A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2585752A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL182384A0 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007004627A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20072816L (en) |
RU (1) | RU2394065C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200626217A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006050168A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200704294B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11529612B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2022-12-20 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Composition capable of reducing CO and NOx emissions, preparation method therefor and use thereof, and fluid catalytic cracking method |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106497028B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-11-03 | 深圳市高氏粘合剂制品有限公司 | A kind of honeycomb type vehicle combustion-supporting and preparation method and application |
CN106731643A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 李国栋 | A kind of denitrfying agent and preparation method thereof |
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2005
- 2005-10-31 MX MX2007004627A patent/MX2007004627A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-10-31 CN CNA2005800378423A patent/CN101052699A/en active Pending
- 2005-10-31 WO PCT/US2005/039093 patent/WO2006050168A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2005-10-31 US US11/665,814 patent/US7695611B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-31 RU RU2007120513/04A patent/RU2394065C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-31 CA CA002585752A patent/CA2585752A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-31 BR BRPI0517382-5A patent/BRPI0517382A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-31 JP JP2007539202A patent/JP2008519101A/en active Pending
- 2005-10-31 AU AU2005302455A patent/AU2005302455B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-31 KR KR1020077012321A patent/KR20070088664A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-10-31 EP EP05820204A patent/EP1838812A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-31 TW TW094138034A patent/TW200626217A/en unknown
- 2005-11-01 AR ARP050104574A patent/AR052782A1/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-04-01 IL IL182384A patent/IL182384A0/en unknown
- 2007-05-25 ZA ZA200704294A patent/ZA200704294B/en unknown
- 2007-06-04 NO NO20072816A patent/NO20072816L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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US4290878A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1981-09-22 | Chevron Research Company | NOx control in platinum-promoted complete combustion cracking catalyst regeneration |
US4300997A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-11-17 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gas |
US5492878A (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1996-02-20 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. | Catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas with alumina, ceria, zirconia, nickel oxide, alkaline earth oxide, and noble metal catalyst, and method for preparing |
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US11529612B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2022-12-20 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Composition capable of reducing CO and NOx emissions, preparation method therefor and use thereof, and fluid catalytic cracking method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2005302455B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
US20090045101A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
RU2007120513A (en) | 2008-12-10 |
ZA200704294B (en) | 2008-09-25 |
US7695611B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 |
TW200626217A (en) | 2006-08-01 |
RU2394065C2 (en) | 2010-07-10 |
MX2007004627A (en) | 2007-06-11 |
CA2585752A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
IL182384A0 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
NO20072816L (en) | 2007-08-01 |
CN101052699A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
JP2008519101A (en) | 2008-06-05 |
AU2005302455A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
BRPI0517382A (en) | 2008-10-07 |
EP1838812A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
AR052782A1 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
KR20070088664A (en) | 2007-08-29 |
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