WO2006015503A1 - Electrofiltre pour installation de combustion - Google Patents

Electrofiltre pour installation de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006015503A1
WO2006015503A1 PCT/CH2005/000414 CH2005000414W WO2006015503A1 WO 2006015503 A1 WO2006015503 A1 WO 2006015503A1 CH 2005000414 W CH2005000414 W CH 2005000414W WO 2006015503 A1 WO2006015503 A1 WO 2006015503A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
insulator
electrode
electrostatic precipitator
filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2005/000414
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Schmatloch
Stephan Rauch
Original Assignee
Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa filed Critical Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa
Priority to EP05759642A priority Critical patent/EP1789197A1/fr
Publication of WO2006015503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006015503A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/80—Cleaning the electrodes by gas or solid particle blasting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator for combustion plants, such as those found in private households or in commercial enterprises.
  • the invention is also applicable to small combustion plants, such as, for example, stoves, tiled stoves, stoves, stoves, ovens and wood fired boilers.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating the electrostatic precipitator.
  • electrostatic precipitator With the aid of the electrostatic precipitator, electrically charged solid and liquid particles, which are located in the flue gas, are deflected and retained in an electric field generated by the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the particles must first be electrostatically charged using an electrode. Subsequently, the unipolar particles are charged as a result of the action of Electrostatic field deposited on separation plates.
  • dust particles and aerosols can be deposited with Kom sizes from 0.01 to 60 microns.
  • Electrostatic precipitators for combustion plants which are also referred to as electrostatic particulate filter, are known for combustion plants from the technology WO 00/33945.
  • the electrostatic precipitator consists of a frame, which is placed on the chimney, an insulator that protrudes from the frame inside in the middle of the frame and at the end of a weighted electrode hangs and extends into the chimney.
  • the electrostatic precipitator is used to hold back the particles in the flue gas.
  • a high voltage is applied to the electrode, with the result that the particles are electrostatically charged and reflected by the chimney and the frame.
  • this may result in prolonged operation of the electrostatic filter that the particles that accumulate on the insulator form an electrically conductive bridge due to their electrical conductivity between the insulator and the frame and thereby deteriorate the effect of the insulator.
  • From DE 44 07 152 C1 discloses a device for the isolation of electrostatic precipitators has become known.
  • the separator is held by a support tube which runs coaxially inside a protective tube and carries a rotationally symmetrical body. Along the support tube flushing air is blown to the separator inside the protective tube, which is accelerated outside the rotationally symmetrical body.
  • the distance of the outermost points of the body to the inner wall of the protective tube is in a certain ratio to the ⁇ nennen radius of the protective tube.
  • the rotationally symmetrical body is also set back from the mouth of the protective tube.
  • the mouth of the protective tube has a beaded edge, that is an outwardly curved edge.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic precipitator for a firing system, which is low maintenance and trouble-free and permanently reliable by effectively prevents particles in the flue gas from depositing on the electrode holder of the electrostatic precipitator and affect the effect of the electrode insulator ,
  • an electrostatic precipitator for a furnace, with a filter electrode, with an electrode holder, via which the filter electrode is held in a flue pipe of the furnace and can be supplied with voltage, and with an insulator surrounding the electrode holder, wherein it has the characterizing features of claim.
  • an electrostatic precipitator a method is operated in which to prevent accumulation of particles scavenging air is flushed through scavenging air around the electrode holder, along the insulator towards the flue gas tube and thereby serpentine around the baffle or around the ring orifice therethrough.
  • the diameter of a plate is larger than the diameter of the other plate, wherein the plate with the larger diameter is closer to the exhaust pipe than the smaller plate ,
  • the baffle plates can be designed as separate components or form a molded part together with the insulator.
  • the baffle plates can be made of metal, which offers the advantage of ease of manufacture and higher heat resistance.
  • a housing is to the electrostatic precipitator provided, which surrounds the insulator and the plates and widens conically from the purge air outlet against the flue gas pipe. In this way, the main flow direction of the purge air can be specified.
  • the electrostatic filter can be designed so that between the plate and the housing, or between the plates and the housing ever an air gap is provided which is dimensioned so that it is greater than the voltage caused by the breakdown gap. This ensures that there is no appreciable voltage drop between the plates and the housing.
  • the electrostatic filter may alternatively or in addition to the plates be provided with a ring aperture, which projects beyond the mouth edge of the housing projecting towards the center, whereby the outflowing scavenging air is guided so that the outermost baffle plate is effectively protected against fogging with particles
  • the annular diaphragm can be designed as an electrode in order to further reduce the penetration of particles into the critical region by means of electrostatic forces.
  • the electrostatic precipitator has purging air outlets in the isolator which can be supplied with purging air via a purging air channel arranged in the isolator.
  • the scavenging air outlets are arranged in a star shape on the longitudinal side of the insulator. This can reduce particle deposition around the insulator.
  • the outermost plate protrude into the exhaust pipe in the electrostatic precipitator, which can be achieved on the other hand, larger distances between the plate or plates on the one hand and the housing or the exhaust pipe on the other hand, to increase safety against electrical breakdown.
  • the electrostatic filter can also be equipped with a separate means for generating a purge air flow.
  • the means for generating the scavenging air stream may be, for example, a fan or a blower.
  • a negative pressure prevailing in the suction tube can be used to suck in air from the environment and to let it flow as purge air past the insulator and past the plates.
  • Figure 1 shows a first possible embodiment of the inventive electrostatic precipitator in cross section
  • Figure 2 shows a second possible embodiment of the inventive electrostatic precipitator in cross section
  • FIG. 3 shows the inventive electrostatic filter according to FIG. 1 or 2 in a sectional view along the section A-A.
  • the electrostatic precipitator is basically suitable for all furnaces. Preferably, however, it finds application in small combustion plants.
  • the electrostatic precipitator is installed in the exhaust duct, ie the exhaust pipe or the chimney of the firing system.
  • the electrostatically charged flue gas particles In order for the electrostatically charged flue gas particles to deposit on the flue gas duct, it is made conductive in the region in which the particles are to be deposited, by forming the pipe section surrounding the filter electrode, for example from sheet steel, chrome steel or aluminum, or such a sheet or perforated metal sheet or wire mesh is used in the exhaust duct.
  • a filter electrode 8 which is also referred to as a spray electrode, preferably arranged parallel to the flue gas stream RG.
  • the filter electrode 8 is held by means of an electrode holder 7 in the flue gas channel 1 and supplied with a high voltage.
  • the electrode holder 7 is for this purpose via an electrical connection 9, which may be formed for example as a plug connection, connected to a high voltage cable 10, which leads to a high voltage generator, not shown in Figure 1.
  • the opposite pole to the spray electrode 8 forms the housing 2 of the electrostatic filter in connection with the metallic region of the flue gas duct 1.
  • the housing 2 is connected for this purpose via the grounding line 13 to ground.
  • the electrical and mechanical connection between the housing 2 and the electrically conductive region of the flue gas duct 1 is accomplished via screw 3.
  • the electrode holder 7 is surrounded by an insulator 5. It is not necessary for the insulator 5 to extend over the entire length of the electrode holder 7.
  • the insulator 5 is pushed into a preferably formed of metal sleeve 17 which secured by means of holding webs 18, as can be seen in Figure 3, to a cylindrical holder 4.1 is.
  • the cylindrical holder 4.1 is part of a conical or conical housing section 4, which in turn is part of the housing 2.
  • the housing 2 may preferably be made of metal.
  • two such baffle plates are present, namely a first baffle plate 6.1 and a second baffle plate 6.2.
  • the insulator 5 is connected together with the sleeve 17 with the cylindrical holder 4.1 such that between the holder 4.1 and the sleeve 17, an air gap 16 is formed through which purge air SL can flow.
  • the air gap 16 will also be referred to below as purge air outlet or purge air opening.
  • the front portion 19.1 and rear portion 19.2 inside the The conical housing portion 4 are protected against excessive deposition of particles by making sure that the purge air SL is blown through the purge air outlet 16 in the direction of flue gas channel 1.
  • the air vortices produced on the baffle plate or on the two baffle plates 6.1 and 6.2 ensure that the particles present in the flue gas RG, if at all, can then only penetrate into the rear region 19.2 to a very small extent.
  • the two plates 6.1 and 6.2 together with the scavenging air flow form a two-stage particle barrier and the air is guided around it in a serpentine manner.
  • the air gap x between the plate 6.1 or 6.2 and the conical housing portion 4 is chosen so that the smallest possible gap results in order to achieve the highest possible flow velocity for the purge air SL in this area.
  • the positions of the first plate 6.1 and the second plate 6.2 result from the technical boundary conditions.
  • the outer plate 6.1 protrude into the flue gas channel 1.
  • the number of plates required is also dependent on the technical conditions. So it may also be sufficient to provide only a plate on the insulator 5.
  • the first plate 6.1 made of metal, because metal is both robust and heat-resistant.
  • both plates 6.1 and 6.2 and optionally further plates can be made of metal.
  • the purge air SL can be generated either by a fan or a blower 21.
  • the scavenging air flow can also be generated by utilizing a vacuum present in the flue gas duct 1 in order to move the scavenging air SL from the environment through the scavenging air inlet 25, the pipe 15 and the scavenging air outlet 16 past the two plates 6.2 and 6.1 into the To suck flue gas channel 1.
  • the scavenging air stream can be additionally reinforced by means of the blower or the fan 21.
  • the purge air SL may additionally be ionized by means of an ionizer 22 to provide electrostatic repulsion Keep particles away from the isolator.
  • an ionizer 22 to provide electrostatic repulsion Keep particles away from the isolator.
  • the connector 9 can act as an ionizer.
  • the connector may for example have peaks, edges and ridges to produce a local corona.
  • the electrostatic filter shown in FIG. 1 can also be equipped with a temperature sensor 11.
  • the temperature measurement signal generated by the temperature sensor 11 can be tapped at the end of the line 12 and fed to a controller, not shown in Figure 1, via which then the fan 21 and the high voltage source for generating the high voltage can be controlled.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of this electrostatic precipitator.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that the plate 5 are no longer provided on the insulator, but instead of the insulator 5 is surrounded by a circular aperture 20. This lies perpendicular to the housing axis and closes the front of the housing, with its inner edge surmounting the edge of the conical housing towards the center.
  • the annular shutter may be a mere metal panel, but it may also be formed as an electrode, which is supplied with voltage via the line 24 and ensures that the particles located in the flue gas RG can not penetrate into the areas 19.1 and 19.2. If necessary, the two embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2 can also be combined.
  • the electrostatic filter is shown in cross section along the section line AA. If necessary, the rear side of the housing 2 can over a reducer 14 are connected to a flexible hose or tube 15. Depending on the application, the purge air SL can then be sucked in via the pipe 15 and / or additionally blown in via the fan 21. Additionally or alternatively to the described embodiments may be provided in this electrostatic precipitator that the insulator 5 inside one or more air channels which terminate in a plurality of air outlets, which is not shown in Figures 1 to 3. The scavenging air SL flows out via the air outlets, which are preferably arranged radially on the longitudinal side of the insulator, in order to ensure that the insulator remains essentially free of particles in the flue gas.
  • a high voltage transformer can be used with downstream rectifier.
  • the high voltage transformer has a power between 20 and 200 VA and can be operated at 220 V / 50 Hz or even at 110 V / 60 Hz AC.
  • the charging of the spray electrode 8 can optionally be negative or positive with respect to the ground reference potential.
  • the cleaning of the collector, so the exhaust passage 1, can be done after removal of the electrostatic precipitator, for example, by hand with the aid of water or special cleaning agents. In the usual operation of a small combustion plant as the main heat generator, a cycle of one to two months has proven to be advantageous as a cleaning cycle. Sporadic operation of the firing system results in correspondingly longer cleaning cycles of several months.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un électrofiltre approprié pour une installation de combustion, comprenant une électrode-filtre (8), un porte-électrode (7), par l'intermédiaire duquel l'électrode-filtre (8) est maintenue dans un tube de gaz d'échappement (1) de ladite installation, et qui est alimentée par une tension, et un isolateur (5) entourant le porte-électrode (7). En outre, il est prévu deux plaques de rebondissement (6.1 et 6.2) qui sont disposées sur l'isolateur (5), et une ouverture d'air de balayage (16), l'air de balayage (SL) étant guidé, via ladite ouverture (16), en direction des plaques (6.1 ; 6.2). De cette façon, l'air de balayage est guidé de manière à éviter un dépôt des particules dans le boîtier, permettant ainsi au filtre de demeurer efficace pendant une longue durée.
PCT/CH2005/000414 2004-08-11 2005-07-15 Electrofiltre pour installation de combustion WO2006015503A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05759642A EP1789197A1 (fr) 2004-08-11 2005-07-15 Electrofiltre pour installation de combustion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004039124.6 2004-08-11
DE200410039124 DE102004039124B4 (de) 2004-08-11 2004-08-11 Elektrofilter für eine Feuerungsanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006015503A1 true WO2006015503A1 (fr) 2006-02-16

Family

ID=35721311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2005/000414 WO2006015503A1 (fr) 2004-08-11 2005-07-15 Electrofiltre pour installation de combustion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1789197A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004039124B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006015503A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2036615A2 (fr) 2007-09-13 2009-03-18 Peter Buchta Electrofiltre pour une installation d'allumage
EP2163309A2 (fr) 2008-09-11 2010-03-17 Peter Buchta Dispositif de séparation pour particules
WO2012162476A1 (fr) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Carrier Corporation Support d'électrode pour système de filtration d'air activé électriquement
WO2020000115A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 Soto Espinace Ricardo Système de précipitation électrostatique permettant de capturer une matière particulaire dans des équipements de combustion domestiques

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006003028B4 (de) * 2006-01-20 2008-02-07 Schmatloch Nückel Technologietransfer Elektrofilter mit Selbstreinigungseinrichtung für eine Feuerungsanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Elektrofilters
CH702125B1 (de) * 2007-03-27 2011-05-13 Rudolf Bolliger Dipl. Ei. Ing. Htl Elektrostatischer Feinstaubfilter.
CH697348B1 (de) * 2007-11-29 2008-08-29 Rueegg Cheminee Ag Vorrichtung zur Abgasreinigung von Feuerungsanlagen.
DE102008018207B3 (de) 2008-04-10 2010-01-28 Schiedel Ag Schornsteinsystem mit Elektrostaubfilter
EP2166287A2 (fr) 2008-12-24 2010-03-24 KAGO-Kamine-Kachelofen GmbH & Co. Deutsche Wärmesysteme KG Foyer de carburant solide pour bâtiments ainsi que pour des tels foyers de carburant solide
DE202009015654U1 (de) 2009-04-02 2010-07-01 Georg Hipp Maschinenbau Gmbh Elektrofilter für den Einbau in Kamine für Heizungsanlagen und/oder Kaminöfen und/oder Abluftkanäle für Entstaubungsanlagen oder Abzugsanlagen
DE102009044152A1 (de) 2009-04-02 2010-10-14 Georg Hipp Maschinenbau Gmbh Elektrofilter für den Einbau in Kamine für Heizanlagen und/oder für Kaminöfen und/oder in Abluftkanäle für Entstaubungsanlagen oder Abzugsanlagen
DE202009013497U1 (de) * 2009-10-07 2011-02-17 Kutzner + Weber Gmbh Partikelabscheider mit Sicherheitsabsperrung
DE202010005629U1 (de) 2010-06-11 2010-11-04 Hipp, Thomas Abgasreinigungsanordnung und Abluftreinigungsanordnung mit integriertem Elektrofilter für Heizungsanlagen und/oder für Kaminöfen und/oder Abluftkanäle für Entstaubungsanlagen oder Abzugsanlagen
DE102016202293B3 (de) 2016-02-15 2017-04-27 Wilhelm Bruckbauer Vorrichtung zur Anordnung einer oder mehrerer Elektroden eines Plasmafilters in einem Gehäuse

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1765569B1 (de) * 1968-06-11 1973-08-16 Rhein Westfael Isolatoren Einrichtung zum schutz elektrischer durchfuehrungsisolatoren gegen starke verschmutzung
DE4407152C1 (de) * 1994-03-04 1995-03-09 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zur Isolierung elektrostatischer Abscheider
EP0775527A1 (fr) * 1992-09-11 1997-05-28 Trion Inc. Isolateur Venturi pour un séparateur électrostatique
WO2000033945A1 (fr) * 1998-12-04 2000-06-15 Applied Plasma Physics As Procede et dispositif de nettoyages d'effluents
WO2004000465A1 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Passage pour haute tension electrique realise a travers une paroi separant une zone environnementale d'une zone de processus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE332805C (de) * 1921-01-07 Siemens Schuckertwerke G M B H Anordnung fuer Isolatoren elektrischer Niederschlagsanlagen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1765569B1 (de) * 1968-06-11 1973-08-16 Rhein Westfael Isolatoren Einrichtung zum schutz elektrischer durchfuehrungsisolatoren gegen starke verschmutzung
EP0775527A1 (fr) * 1992-09-11 1997-05-28 Trion Inc. Isolateur Venturi pour un séparateur électrostatique
DE4407152C1 (de) * 1994-03-04 1995-03-09 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zur Isolierung elektrostatischer Abscheider
WO2000033945A1 (fr) * 1998-12-04 2000-06-15 Applied Plasma Physics As Procede et dispositif de nettoyages d'effluents
WO2004000465A1 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Passage pour haute tension electrique realise a travers une paroi separant une zone environnementale d'une zone de processus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2036615A2 (fr) 2007-09-13 2009-03-18 Peter Buchta Electrofiltre pour une installation d'allumage
EP2163309A2 (fr) 2008-09-11 2010-03-17 Peter Buchta Dispositif de séparation pour particules
WO2012162476A1 (fr) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Carrier Corporation Support d'électrode pour système de filtration d'air activé électriquement
US9327293B2 (en) 2011-05-24 2016-05-03 Carrier Corporation Electrode support for electrically-enhanced air filtration system
WO2020000115A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 Soto Espinace Ricardo Système de précipitation électrostatique permettant de capturer une matière particulaire dans des équipements de combustion domestiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004039124B4 (de) 2007-06-14
EP1789197A1 (fr) 2007-05-30
DE102004039124A1 (de) 2006-02-23

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