WO2006013584A1 - Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts - Google Patents

Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006013584A1
WO2006013584A1 PCT/IT2004/000436 IT2004000436W WO2006013584A1 WO 2006013584 A1 WO2006013584 A1 WO 2006013584A1 IT 2004000436 W IT2004000436 W IT 2004000436W WO 2006013584 A1 WO2006013584 A1 WO 2006013584A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulator
insulating support
flange
support system
electrical conductors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2004/000436
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcello Brulli
Original Assignee
Alfa Standard S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfa Standard S.P.A. filed Critical Alfa Standard S.P.A.
Priority to CNA2004800439526A priority Critical patent/CN101019289A/en
Priority to EP04770738A priority patent/EP1779486A1/en
Priority to PCT/IT2004/000436 priority patent/WO2006013584A1/en
Publication of WO2006013584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006013584A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/06—Totally-enclosed installations, e.g. in metal casings
    • H02G5/066—Devices for maintaining distance between conductor and enclosure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulating support system for electr ⁇ e-airjconductors particularly
  • the present invention relates to an insulating system designed and intended to be mounted on bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements.
  • the insulating support system proposed overcomes the disadvantages of the insulating systems used until now, which employ bolts or screws, having expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator (porcelain or resin) , avoiding the consequent possibilities of breakage (even partial) of the insulator and loss of insulation.
  • the system disclosed does not use inserts of any type, therefore, there are no stresses inside the insulator due to the different expansions.
  • the present invention is applied in the sector of systems for conducting electrical energy, in particular insulating systems distributed along the bus ducts with any electrical voltage, or supporting points for high voltage electrical lines.
  • the insulating systems used until now are characterised by the use of insulators made of porcelain or resin, to which the electrical conductors are fixed, using bolts, screws, or with bus support systems also anchored to the insulator by bolts, screws, etc.
  • bus duct is subject to repeated temperature variations, and considering that the elements used to secure the conductor reach practically the same temperature as the conductor, both are subjected to variations in their dimensions due to temperature variations.
  • the metal inserts applied to the insulator in the form of bolts, screws, bus supports, etc., have expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator, normally porcelain or resin, and as a result the insulator may break (even partially) and cause insulation to be lost.
  • the changes in the dimensions (volume) of the metal inserts in the insulator are greater than the changes in the dimensions of the insulator, which consequently does not withstand the internal stresses due to these expansions, and breaks.
  • the present invention proposes to provide an insulating system for/' ' ⁇ so ⁇ ate ⁇ ) phase bus ducts which can overcome or at least reduce the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the invention also proposes to provide an insulating system for bus ducts which is easy to produce so that it is economically advantageous.
  • the quality of the element of the insulating system disclosed is superior, since the mounting and consequently the entire system, is very simple, not requiring special tools, and at the same time guarantees perfect mechanical protection for the insulator and full compliance with regulations for the prevention of environmental pollution.
  • Another aim which is not unimportant is for the insulating system disclosed to guarantee a seal against dust and water and the weather in general.
  • the support system proposed overcomes these disadvantages, since it does not use inserts of any type, therefore, there are no stresses inside the insulator caused by different expansions.
  • the system- uses a top damper made of elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, the upper part of which, facing the conductor, supports a metal runner, for example made of stainless steel. The runner allows the conductor it supports to slide freely, avoiding significant stresses on the insulator, which could cause the insulator to break.
  • the runner is installed, by pressing it into place, in the upper part of the insulator.
  • This element is also designed to absorb vibrations from the conductor, as well as its volumetric, expansions.
  • the system also has an insulator, made of porcelain or resin, which guarantees electrical insulation and an aluminium or aluminium alloy flange, welded to the enclosure of the bus duct where the insulator will be installed.
  • An intermediate seal is used, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, designed to prevent contact between the metal flange and the insulator and therefore friction between the two elements and consequently possible breakage of the weaker element, and a base seal, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, designed to prevent contact between the insulator and the cover, and to eliminate the aboye- mentioned harmful effects.
  • an elastic material for example neoprene rubber
  • the cover is made of non-magnetic metal, for example aluminium or aluminium alloy, and is secured to the flange by metal bolts/screws, applying pressure to the insulator so that the latter adheres perfectly to the flange, guaranteeing a mechanical connection between the above- mentioned elements, as well as the system mechanical seal, supporting the weight of the conductor, and preventing any foreign bodies from entering the bus duct.
  • non-magnetic metal for example aluminium or aluminium alloy
  • the insulating system described is designed to be mounted on said bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section of the insulator made in accordance with the present invention as a whole, including all of the elements used;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the assembled insulator;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the insulator arranged with other insulators in the duct enclosure.
  • the insulator disclosed requires the set up and preparation of a top damper 10, made of elastic material, for example rubber or neoprene.
  • the damper 10 has a configuration suitable for encompassing the upper end of the insulator 11 and its upper part, facing the conductor 12, supports a metal runner 13, for example made of stainless steel.
  • the runner 13 on which the conductor 12 rests allows the conductor which it supports to slide freely, avoiding significant stresses on the insulator 11, which could cause the insulator to break.
  • the runner 13, inserted in the top damper 10, is installed, by pressing it into, place, in the upper part of the insulator 11.
  • the runner 13, which remains inserted as indicated in the top damper 10, is also designed to absorb, together with the damper, the vibrations of the conductor 12, as well as conductor volumetric expansions.
  • the insulator 11 is made of porcelain or resin, or a material which guarantees electrical insulation.
  • the insulator 11 is installed on a flange 14 made of aluminium or aluminium alloy, which in turn remains welded in a respective seat made in the enclosure 15 of the bus duct where the insulator is installed.
  • an intermediate seal 17 is inserted, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber and, together with the base of the insulator, resting on a corresponding lip
  • the intermediate seal is.designed to prevent contact between the metal flange 14 and the insulator 11, therefore, to prevent friction between the two elements and consequent possible breakage of the weaker element.
  • the insulator remains in the flange 14, with its base 16 resting against the lip 18 of the flange and secured there by a cover 19 with a base seal 20 made of an elastic material, such as neoprene rubber, inserted between the insulator and cover, to prevent contact between the insulator 11 and the cover 19, eliminating the above- mentioned harmful effects.
  • the cover 19 is made of non-magnetic metal, for example aluminium or aluminium alloy, and is secured to the flange 14 by bolts/screws 21 made of any metal, to apply pressure to the insulator 11 so that it adheres perfectly to the flange 14, resting on its inner lip 18.
  • the flange 14 has a profile which matches that of the base of the insulator 11, allowing the ins ⁇ lator to snap into place, so that there are no screws passing through the insulator, which created the above-mentioned problems.
  • the screws 21 used to close the cover 19 on the flange 14 do not interfere with the insulator 11 in any ⁇ way.
  • the insulating system has an important advantage which must not be overlooked from the electrical viewpoint, since it guarantees a seal against dust and water and weather.
  • This system for securing the insulator guarantees both a solid mechanical connection between the above- mentioned elements, and the system mechanical seal, allowing it to support the weight of the conductor, as well as preventing any foreign bodies from entering the bus duct.
  • this system solves the problems encountered in conventional means of connection between the insulator and the conductor, since the system is completely without conventional metal inserts applied to the insulator, in the form of bolts, screws, bus supports, etc. which, having expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator, could cause the insulator to break and the consequent loss of insulation.
  • the support system proposed overcomes these disadvantages, since it does not use inserts of any type, thus avoiding any difference in expansion and so the main cause of breakage.
  • the insulating system disclosed is designed to be mounted on bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, generally arranged radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements. - g -
  • the system disclosed guarantees perfect protection for the insulator, guaranteeing an excellent seal for the prevention of environmental pollution and mechanical seal.

Landscapes

  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Installation Of Bus-Bars (AREA)

Abstract

An insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) particularly suitable for installation in isolated phase bus ducts for conveying electrical energy and inserted in an enclosure (15), in which the support is inserted in a flange (14) arranged radially with other corresponding supports in the enclosure (15) to hold the conductor (12) in a central position and equidistant from the enclosure (15), and in which the insulating support comprises at least one insulator (11) made of porcelain or resin on which the conductor (12) is applied. The end of the insulator (11) is encompassed by at least one damper (10) with a configuration suitable for supporting, on its side facing away from the insulator (11), at least one runner (13) on which the conductor (12) remains constrained to rest. The insulator (11) also remains with its base (16) against the flange (14) inner lip (18) and is secured there by a cover (19), there being a base seal (20) between the insulator and the cover.

Description

INSULATOR AND INSULATING SUPPORT SZSTEM
BUS DUCTS
Figure imgf000002_0001
**********
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an insulating support system for electr^e-airjconductors particularly
Figure imgf000002_0002
conveying electrical energy.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an insulating system designed and intended to be mounted on bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements.
The insulating support system proposed overcomes the disadvantages of the insulating systems used until now, which employ bolts or screws, having expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator (porcelain or resin) , avoiding the consequent possibilities of breakage (even partial) of the insulator and loss of insulation.
The system disclosed does not use inserts of any type, therefore, there are no stresses inside the insulator due to the different expansions.
The present invention is applied in the sector of systems for conducting electrical energy, in particular insulating systems distributed along the bus ducts with any electrical voltage, or supporting points for high voltage electrical lines.
BACKGROUND ART
It is known that insulating systems for electrical lines are distributed along the bus duct, or supporting points, whose number depends on the length of the path covered by the line and the configuration or course of the path, and must guarantee both electrical insulation, for which the system is designed, and the mechanical strength of the assembly.
Since the enclosure housing the conductor is cylindrical, these insulator are normally mounted radially.
The insulating systems used until now are characterised by the use of insulators made of porcelain or resin, to which the electrical conductors are fixed, using bolts, screws, or with bus support systems also anchored to the insulator by bolts, screws, etc.
These metal elements which secure the electrical conductors to the insulators are inserted in the insulator, that is to say embedded in the resin, or cemented in the porcelain, so as to -guarantee the necessary strength of the connection from the mechanical viewpoint.
However, the bus duct is subject to repeated temperature variations, and considering that the elements used to secure the conductor reach practically the same temperature as the conductor, both are subjected to variations in their dimensions due to temperature variations.
However, it should be considered that the metal inserts applied to the insulator, in the form of bolts, screws, bus supports, etc., have expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator, normally porcelain or resin, and as a result the insulator may break (even partially) and cause insulation to be lost.
In practice, the changes in the dimensions (volume) of the metal inserts in the insulator are greater than the changes in the dimensions of the insulator, which consequently does not withstand the internal stresses due to these expansions, and breaks.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention proposes to provide an insulating system for/''ϊsoϊate<ϊ) phase bus ducts which can overcome or at least reduce the above-mentioned disadvantages.
The invention also proposes to provide an insulating system for bus ducts which is easy to produce so that it is economically advantageous.
This is achieved by means of an insulating system for bus ducts whose characteristics are described in the main claim.
The dependent claims of the insulating system disclosed outline advantageous embodiments of the invention.
The main advantages of this solution, in addition to all of those deriving from the simple construction, relate to the maximum safety in use, since the system disclosed completely eliminates the causes of insulator breakage.
Moreover, the quality of the element of the insulating system disclosed is superior, since the mounting and consequently the entire system, is very simple, not requiring special tools, and at the same time guarantees perfect mechanical protection for the insulator and full compliance with regulations for the prevention of environmental pollution.
Another aim which is not unimportant is for the insulating system disclosed to guarantee a seal against dust and water and the weather in general.
The support system proposed overcomes these disadvantages, since it does not use inserts of any type, therefore, there are no stresses inside the insulator caused by different expansions. The system- uses a top damper made of elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, the upper part of which, facing the conductor, supports a metal runner, for example made of stainless steel. The runner allows the conductor it supports to slide freely, avoiding significant stresses on the insulator, which could cause the insulator to break.
The runner is installed, by pressing it into place, in the upper part of the insulator. This element is also designed to absorb vibrations from the conductor, as well as its volumetric, expansions.
The system also has an insulator, made of porcelain or resin, which guarantees electrical insulation and an aluminium or aluminium alloy flange, welded to the enclosure of the bus duct where the insulator will be installed.
An intermediate seal is used, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, designed to prevent contact between the metal flange and the insulator and therefore friction between the two elements and consequently possible breakage of the weaker element, and a base seal, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber, designed to prevent contact between the insulator and the cover, and to eliminate the aboye- mentioned harmful effects.
The cover is made of non-magnetic metal, for example aluminium or aluminium alloy, and is secured to the flange by metal bolts/screws, applying pressure to the insulator so that the latter adheres perfectly to the flange, guaranteeing a mechanical connection between the above- mentioned elements, as well as the system mechanical seal, supporting the weight of the conductor, and preventing any foreign bodies from entering the bus duct.
The insulating system described is designed to be mounted on said bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the invention are
• evident in the description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment, without limiting the scope of its application, and in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section of the insulator made in accordance with the present invention as a whole, including all of the elements used; - Figure 2 is a schematic view of the assembled insulator;
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the insulator arranged with other insulators in the duct enclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE
INVENTION
The insulator disclosed requires the set up and preparation of a top damper 10, made of elastic material, for example rubber or neoprene. The damper 10 has a configuration suitable for encompassing the upper end of the insulator 11 and its upper part, facing the conductor 12, supports a metal runner 13, for example made of stainless steel.
The runner 13 on which the conductor 12 rests allows the conductor which it supports to slide freely, avoiding significant stresses on the insulator 11, which could cause the insulator to break.
The runner 13, inserted in the top damper 10, is installed, by pressing it into, place, in the upper part of the insulator 11.
The runner 13, which remains inserted as indicated in the top damper 10, is also designed to absorb, together with the damper, the vibrations of the conductor 12, as well as conductor volumetric expansions.
The insulator 11 is made of porcelain or resin, or a material which guarantees electrical insulation.
The insulator 11 is installed on a flange 14 made of aluminium or aluminium alloy, which in turn remains welded in a respective seat made in the enclosure 15 of the bus duct where the insulator is installed.
Close to the base 16 of the insulator 11 an intermediate seal 17 is inserted, made of an elastic material, for example neoprene rubber and, together with the base of the insulator, resting on a corresponding lip
18 in the flange 14.
The intermediate seal is.designed to prevent contact between the metal flange 14 and the insulator 11, therefore, to prevent friction between the two elements and consequent possible breakage of the weaker element.
The insulator remains in the flange 14, with its base 16 resting against the lip 18 of the flange and secured there by a cover 19 with a base seal 20 made of an elastic material, such as neoprene rubber, inserted between the insulator and cover, to prevent contact between the insulator 11 and the cover 19, eliminating the above- mentioned harmful effects.
The cover 19 is made of non-magnetic metal, for example aluminium or aluminium alloy, and is secured to the flange 14 by bolts/screws 21 made of any metal, to apply pressure to the insulator 11 so that it adheres perfectly to the flange 14, resting on its inner lip 18.
It may be observed that the flange 14 has a profile which matches that of the base of the insulator 11, allowing the insμlator to snap into place, so that there are no screws passing through the insulator, which created the above-mentioned problems.
The screws 21 used to close the cover 19 on the flange 14 do not interfere with the insulator 11 in any¬ way.
The insulating system has an important advantage which must not be overlooked from the electrical viewpoint, since it guarantees a seal against dust and water and weather.
This system for securing the insulator guarantees both a solid mechanical connection between the above- mentioned elements, and the system mechanical seal, allowing it to support the weight of the conductor, as well as preventing any foreign bodies from entering the bus duct.
As can be seen, this system solves the problems encountered in conventional means of connection between the insulator and the conductor, since the system is completely without conventional metal inserts applied to the insulator, in the form of bolts, screws, bus supports, etc. which, having expansion coefficients greater than those of the material used to make the insulator, could cause the insulator to break and the consequent loss of insulation.
In contrast, in the present invention, the support system proposed overcomes these disadvantages, since it does not use inserts of any type, thus avoiding any difference in expansion and so the main cause of breakage. The insulating system disclosed is designed to be mounted on bus ducts in groups of three or more systems per conductor supporting point, generally arranged radially, with an angle which may be selected according to requirements. - g -
As illustrated in the accompanying drawing, system mounting is very simple and does not require special tools.
At the same time, the system disclosed guarantees perfect protection for the insulator, guaranteeing an excellent seal for the prevention of environmental pollution and mechanical seal.
The invention is described above with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, obviously the invention may be subject to numerous variations without thereby departing from the scope of the design concept, using technically equivalent elements.

Claims

1) An insulating support system for electrical conductors (12χ.__p_articularly suitable for installation in isolated/ phase bus ducts for conveying electrical "energy and inserted in an enclosure (15)f the insulating support being inserted in a supporting flange (14) arranged radially with the other corresponding supports in the enclosure (15) to hold the conductor (12) in a central position and equidistant from the enclosure (15), and in which the insulating support comprises at least one insulator (11) made of porcelain or resinf on which the conductor (12) is applied, the insulating support system being characterised in that the end of the insulator (11) is encompassed by at least one damper (10) having a configuration suitable for supporting, on its side facing away from the insulator (11), at least one runner (13) on which the conductor (12) remains constrained to rest, and also characterised in that the insulator (11) remains with its base (16) against the flange (14) inner lip (18) and secured there by a cover (19), there being a base seal (20) between the insulator and the cover. ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to the previous claim, characterised in that there are no screws passing through the body of the insulator (11), and there is no contact between the insulator and metal parts which create friction, since the conductor (12) simply rests on the damper (10) runner (13), and the base (16) of the insulator (11) remains constrained to rest against the flange (14) lip (18), by insertion of the seal (17) between them and is secured in place by a cover (19) locked to the flange with screws (21). 3 ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in. that the runner (13) is inserted by pressing it into the top damper (10) at the upper end of the insulator (11).
4 ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flange (14), made of a metal such as aluminium or aluminium alloy and inserted and welded in a special seat in the bus duct (12) enclosure (15), has an inner lip (18) on which the base (16) of the insulator (11) rests, there being a ring-shaped seal (17) inserted between the flange lip and the insulator. 5 ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the intermediate seal (17), made of an elastic . material, prevents contact between the metal flange (14) and the insulator (11), and prevents the creation of friction between the two elements and the consequent possible breakage of the weaker element.
6 ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the elastic material used to make the intermediate seal (17) is neoprene rubber.
7 ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner part of the flange (14) and the respective lip (18) form a profile which matches that of the base (16) of the insulator (11), allowing the insulator to be snapped into and locked into place, without any screws passing through - li ¬
the insulator. ) The insulating support system for electrical conductors (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cover (19) is secured on the flange (14) by screws (21); said screws
(21) not interfering in any way with the insulator (11), which remains free, of any metal mechanical constraint for securing it to the flange (14).
PCT/IT2004/000436 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts WO2006013584A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2004800439526A CN101019289A (en) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts
EP04770738A EP1779486A1 (en) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts
PCT/IT2004/000436 WO2006013584A1 (en) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2004/000436 WO2006013584A1 (en) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006013584A1 true WO2006013584A1 (en) 2006-02-09

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ID=34958529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2004/000436 WO2006013584A1 (en) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Insulator and insulating support system for isolated phase bus ducts

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1779486A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101019289A (en)
WO (1) WO2006013584A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013210773A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Busbar system with bracket

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3024295B1 (en) * 2014-07-28 2016-08-26 Alstom Technology Ltd ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMPRISING IMPROVED MEANS FOR FIXING AN INSULATING SUPPORT
CH714403A1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-14 Axpo Power AG Conductor bridging device and use in a retrofit or manufacturing method for overhead power pylons.
CN110576288B (en) * 2019-10-31 2024-04-26 山东达驰阿尔发电气有限公司 Tooling clamping fixture for positioning welding of isolated phase closed bus insulator support and use method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3221097A (en) * 1960-05-06 1965-11-30 Gen Expl S Ind Sa Soc Bus bar housing with externally attached bus bar supporting insulators
US4296273A (en) * 1980-03-03 1981-10-20 Przedsiebiorstwo Montazu Elektrycznego "Elektrobudowa" Support assembly for high current bus bars

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3221097A (en) * 1960-05-06 1965-11-30 Gen Expl S Ind Sa Soc Bus bar housing with externally attached bus bar supporting insulators
US4296273A (en) * 1980-03-03 1981-10-20 Przedsiebiorstwo Montazu Elektrycznego "Elektrobudowa" Support assembly for high current bus bars

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013210773A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Busbar system with bracket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1779486A1 (en) 2007-05-02
CN101019289A (en) 2007-08-15

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