WO2005120744A1 - Protective mesh in particular for rockfall protection or for slope stabilisation - Google Patents

Protective mesh in particular for rockfall protection or for slope stabilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005120744A1
WO2005120744A1 PCT/EP2005/005542 EP2005005542W WO2005120744A1 WO 2005120744 A1 WO2005120744 A1 WO 2005120744A1 EP 2005005542 W EP2005005542 W EP 2005005542W WO 2005120744 A1 WO2005120744 A1 WO 2005120744A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
strands
bundles
ropes
wires
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/005542
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Wartmann
Original Assignee
Fatzer Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fatzer Ag filed Critical Fatzer Ag
Priority to DE502005000122T priority Critical patent/DE502005000122D1/en
Priority to EP05740963A priority patent/EP1628790B1/en
Priority to JP2007526236A priority patent/JP2008501878A/en
Priority to AU2005251879A priority patent/AU2005251879B2/en
Priority to BRPI0511920-0A priority patent/BRPI0511920B1/en
Priority to US11/628,937 priority patent/US20070210214A1/en
Publication of WO2005120744A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005120744A1/en
Priority to US13/430,276 priority patent/US20120241565A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
    • E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F27/00—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets
    • B21F27/02—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets without additional connecting elements or material at crossings, e.g. connected by knitting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
    • D10B2505/204—Geotextiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective net, in particular for stone chip protection or for securing embankments, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a protective network of this type is disclosed in EP-B-0 979 329.
  • the protective net is designed as a diagonal braid with rhomboid-shaped meshes and a three-dimensional mattress-like structure, which is braided from individual helically bent wires made of high-strength steel.
  • the wires have a high tensile strength, so that the braid retains a three-dimensional mattress-shaped structure even when stretched and can serve as a support or stabilizer for vegetation layers when covering an earth surface.
  • the wire mesh can be folded up and takes up little space for storage or transport. Thanks to the high flexural strength of the wires, the risk of a running stitch is reduced in the event of a broken wire.
  • the present invention has for its object to further improve a protective network of the type mentioned and to significantly reduce the risk of breakage.
  • the protective net according to the invention is braided from individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles, which advantageously comprise two or more wires (or wire strands) made of high-strength steel, a protective net with high strength is created which practically does not allow any deformation under loads and does without mesh fixing elements (e.g. cross clamps).
  • the diagonal braid according to the invention made of wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles can be produced practically “endlessly” in rolls, with high-strength edge knots also advantageously being provided on the long sides of the rolls Form of loops formed on wire strand, wire rope or wire bundle ends are provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a mesh of a protective network according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a partial side view of the protective network of FIG. 1, and
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a protective network system as slope protection on a slope.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show a protective net for securing a layer of earth surface, such as a slope protection or a rock wall protection on a road or the like, which is designed as a, for example, square diagonal braid 10 with four or polygonal meshes 17.
  • the diagonal braid 10 is braided from a number of helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14, each of which comprises two or more wires 22 made of a high-strength steel. These can be two or more wires twisted into a wire strand, two or more wires bundled into a wire bundle, wire strands twisted into a wire rope, or a combination of these elements.
  • the wires have a nominal strength between 1000 and 2200 N / mm, for example one of 1770 N / mm.
  • spring steel wires according to DIN standard 17223 could also be used. be used.
  • the wire thickness depends on the required tensile strength and can be, for example, 3 mm.
  • These wires 22 are usually galvanized, provided with a coating of zinc / aluminum and / or a plastic coating or made of a chromium alloy in order to achieve the required corrosion resistance.
  • a galvanized coating with a basis weight between 100 and 250 g / m is provided.
  • the wire strands or wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are articulated to one another in pairs by loops 11 ", 12", these loops 11 ", 12” being connected by the wire strands bent at the ends or Wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 themselves are formed.
  • the wire strands or wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14, after they have been bent into loops, are additionally provided with a plurality of loops 19 which are wound around their own circumference and which, owing to the tensile load on these loops in the inserted state, are sufficient Ensure security against opening.
  • the diagonal braid 10 is held on the ground in a defined tension by fastening elements 15 recessed in the ground.
  • a wire or a rope 21 is looped into each of the helical bent edge wire rope or edge wire strand or edge wire bundle 11 located at the upper and lower ends of the braid 10, which wire is in turn tensioned by the fastening elements 15 on the floor or the like.
  • the fastening elements 15 could also hold the loops 11 'directly.
  • the individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 have a pitch angle ⁇ and a length L between two bends, which determine the shape and size of the meshes 17 of the diagonal braid 10.
  • the individual meshes 17 each form a rhomboid, the mesh size being, for example, 77 ⁇ 143 mm. This has the advantage that the braid 10 does not stretch significantly if it is laid out on a layer of earth's surface and is pretensioned by the cables 21 in its longitudinal extension. In addition, the individual meshes 17 thereby form a rhomboid with an elongated opening, which gives the advantage of a lower permeability of earth material.
  • the individual wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are articulated to one another in the braided state, with the result that the diagonal braid 10 can be folded or rolled up like a mat. As a result, a small amount of space is required for the storage and transportation of such braids.
  • the braid 10 has a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure, which in turn is made possible by the use of the high-strength steel wires.
  • the individual wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are bent in a helical shape and then intertwined with one another in such a way that the cross-section of the resulting braid 10 forms an approximately rectangular outline.
  • the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles therefore consist of curved parts 11 'and straight parts 91.
  • This elongated rectangle has a thickness 10' of several wire rope or wire strands. Thick. This wire mesh 10 is therefore three-dimensional even in the prestressed state.
  • this three-dimensional design additionally provides support or stabilization of the vegetation layers introduced into this network or of sprayed-on covers when covering a ground surface, for example an embankment.
  • the protective net is braided according to the invention from individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles which have two or more wires made of high-strength steel twisted together or combined to form a wire bundle or of two or more wire strands made of " high-strength steel " twisted to form a wire rope are formed, a high-strength protective net is created, which practically does not allow any deformation under loads and does not require mesh fixing elements (e.g. cross clamps).
  • mesh fixing elements e.g. cross clamps
  • the diagonal braid of wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles according to the invention can be produced practically “endlessly” in rolls, with high-strength edge knots also advantageously being provided on the long sides of the rolls in the form of the loops formed on wire strand, wire rope or wire bundle ends.
  • the protective nets can also be made of wire strands, wire bundles, spiral ropes with thinner or thicker wires, which are not or only partially made of high-strength steel.
  • 4 shows a system of a protective network 10 according to the invention, which in the present case is provided as slope protection 40, for example an slope 45 located on a steep slope, which forms the layer of earth surface to be secured.
  • This slope protection 40 consists of the wire mesh 10 laid out over a desired slope area and of the fastening elements 15 sunk into the ground with claw plates or the like pressing the mesh 10 onto the earth's surface.
  • Known ground or rock nails are used for the fastening elements 15, which are preferably fastened at regular intervals in the embankment 45.
  • a rope 21 is provided, by means of which the braid 10 is stretched with a tensile force.
  • a wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like is fed in a first step with a defined pitch angle ⁇ to at least one bending mandrel of a device (not shown in more detail) and in one defined length L around the mandrel bent by approximately 180 °.
  • the wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like becomes several times in its longitudinal axis to the bending mandrel 66 by the defined length L pushed and each bent around the mandrel by 180 ° until this wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like has a helical configuration.
  • High-strength wires are advantageously used at least partially in the strands, wire bundles or wire ropes. However, wires with lower strength could also be used for this. Due to the fact that thicker wire bundles can be used compared to individual wires, the overall strength can be increased in this way.

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective mesh, in particular, for a rockfall protection or for a slope stabilisation, comprising a diagonal plaid (10), formed by a three-dimensional mattress-like structure. The above is braided from individual helically-bent wire strands, wire bundles, wire cables (11,12,13,14), or similar, comprising two or more wires (22), or wire strands made from steel. The wire strands, wire cables or wire bundles are advantageously made from high-strength steel and the protective mesh can thus be assembled with a high strength.

Description

Schutznetz, insbesondere für einen Steinschlagschutz oder für eine Böschungssicherung Protection net, especially for stone chip protection or for embankment protection
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schutznetz, insbesondere für einen Steinschlagschutz oder für eine Böschungssicherung, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a protective net, in particular for stone chip protection or for securing embankments, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein Schutznetz dieser Art ist in der EP-B-0 979 329 offenbart. Das Schutznetz ist als ein Diagonalgeflecht mit rhomboidförmigen Maschen und einer dreidimensionalen matratzenartigen Struktur ausgebildet, welches aus einzelnen wendeiförmig gebogenen Drähten aus einem hochfesten Stahl geflochten ist. Die Drähte weisen eine hohe Zugfestigkeit auf, so dass das Geflecht auch im gestreckten Zustand eine dreidimensionale mat- ratzenförmige Struktur behält und bei Abdeckung einer Erdoberfläche als Halterung oder Stabilisierung von Vegetationsschichten dienen kann. Das Drahtgeflecht lässt sich zusammenlegen und nimmt für die Lagerung oder den Transport wenig Platz in Anspruch. Dank der hohen Biegefestigkeit der Drähte wird bei einem allfälligen Drahtbruch die Gefahr des Entstehens einer Laufmasche reduziert.A protective network of this type is disclosed in EP-B-0 979 329. The protective net is designed as a diagonal braid with rhomboid-shaped meshes and a three-dimensional mattress-like structure, which is braided from individual helically bent wires made of high-strength steel. The wires have a high tensile strength, so that the braid retains a three-dimensional mattress-shaped structure even when stretched and can serve as a support or stabilizer for vegetation layers when covering an earth surface. The wire mesh can be folded up and takes up little space for storage or transport. Thanks to the high flexural strength of the wires, the risk of a running stitch is reduced in the event of a broken wire.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schutznetz der eingangs genannten Art weiter zu verbessern und die Bruchgefahr erheblich zu reduzieren.The present invention has for its object to further improve a protective network of the type mentioned and to significantly reduce the risk of breakage.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch ein Schutznetz mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a protective network having the features of claim 1.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemässen Schutznetzes bilden den Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Further preferred refinements of the protective network according to the invention form the subject of the dependent claims.
Dadurch, dass das Schutznetz erfindungsgemäss aus einzelnen wendelför- mig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseilen oder Drahtbündeln geflochten ist, die zwei oder mehrere Drähte (oder Drahtlitzen) vorteilhaft aus hochfestem Stahl umfassen, wird ein Schutznetz mit hoher Festigkeit geschaffen, das bei Belastungen praktisch keine Deformation zulässt und ohne Maschenfixierungselemente (bspw. Kreuzklemmen) auskommt.Because the protective net according to the invention is braided from individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles, which advantageously comprise two or more wires (or wire strands) made of high-strength steel, a protective net with high strength is created which practically does not allow any deformation under loads and does without mesh fixing elements (e.g. cross clamps).
Das erfindungsgemässe Diagonalgeflecht aus Drahtlitzen, Drahtseilen oder Drahtbündeln kann praktisch „endlos" in Rollen hergestellt werden, wobei an den Rollen-Längsseiten mit Vorteil ebenfalls hochfeste Randknoten in Form von an Drahtlitzen-, Drahtseil- oder Drahtbündel-Enden gebildeten Schlaufen vorgesehen sind.The diagonal braid according to the invention made of wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles can be produced practically “endlessly” in rolls, with high-strength edge knots also advantageously being provided on the long sides of the rolls Form of loops formed on wire strand, wire rope or wire bundle ends are provided.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht einer Masche eines erfindungsgemässen Schutznetzes,1 is a plan view of a mesh of a protective network according to the invention,
Fig. 2 ein Schutznetz in teilweiser Draufsicht,2 is a protective network in partial plan view,
Fig. 3 eine teilweise Seitenansicht des Schutznetzes nach Fig. 1, undFig. 3 is a partial side view of the protective network of FIG. 1, and
Fig. 4 eine schematische Ansicht auf ein Schutznetz- System als Böschungssicherung an einem Abhang.Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a protective network system as slope protection on a slope.
Fig.l und Fig.2 zeigen jeweils ein Schutznetz für eine Sicherung einer Erdoberflächenschicht, wie beispielsweise eine Böschungssicherung oder eine Felswandsicherung an einer Strasse oder ähnlichem, welches als ein beispielsweise viereckiges Diagonalgeflecht 10 mit vier- oder mehreckigen Maschen 17 ausgebildet ist. Das Diagonalgeflecht 10 ist aus einer Anzahl von wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseilen oder Drahtbündeln 11, 12, 13, 14 geflochten, die jeweils zwei oder mehrere Drähte 22 aus einem hochfesten Stahl umfassen. Es kann sich dabei um zwei oder mehrere zu einer Drahtlitze zusammengedrehte Drähte, um zwei oder mehrere zu einem Drahtbündel gebündelte Drähte, um zu einem Drahtseil gedrillte Drahtlitzen oder um eine Kombination dieser Elemente handeln.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show a protective net for securing a layer of earth surface, such as a slope protection or a rock wall protection on a road or the like, which is designed as a, for example, square diagonal braid 10 with four or polygonal meshes 17. The diagonal braid 10 is braided from a number of helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14, each of which comprises two or more wires 22 made of a high-strength steel. These can be two or more wires twisted into a wire strand, two or more wires bundled into a wire bundle, wire strands twisted into a wire rope, or a combination of these elements.
Die Drähte weisen nach der DIN-Norm 2078 eine Nennfestigkeit zwischen 1000 und 2200 N/mm auf, beispielsweise eine solche von 1770 N/mm . Es könnten jedoch auch Federstahldrähte nach der DIN-Norm 17223 be- nutzt werden. Die Drahtdicke hängt von der erforderlichen Zugfestigkeit ab und kann beispielsweise 3 mm betragen.According to DIN standard 2078, the wires have a nominal strength between 1000 and 2200 N / mm, for example one of 1770 N / mm. However, spring steel wires according to DIN standard 17223 could also be used. be used. The wire thickness depends on the required tensile strength and can be, for example, 3 mm.
Diese Drähte 22 sind üblicherweise verzinkt, mit einer Beschichtung aus Zink-/Aluminium und/oder einem Kunststoffüberzug oder aus einer Chromlegierung versehen, um die erforderliche Korrosionsbeständigkeit zu erreichen. Hierzu ist beispielsweise ein verzinkter Überzug mit einem Flächengewicht zwischen 100 und 250 g/m vorgesehen.These wires 22 are usually galvanized, provided with a coating of zinc / aluminum and / or a plastic coating or made of a chromium alloy in order to achieve the required corrosion resistance. For this purpose, for example, a galvanized coating with a basis weight between 100 and 250 g / m is provided.
An den seitlichen Enden des Geflechtes 10 sind die Drahtlitzen bzw. Drahtseile bzw. Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 paarweise durch Schlaufen 11 ", 12" gelenkig miteinander verbunden, wobei diese Schlaufen 11", 12" durch die endseitig abgebogenen Drahtlitzen bzw. Drahtseile bzw. Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 selbst gebildet sind. Die Drahtlitzen bzw. Drahtseile bzw. Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 sind, nachdem sie zu Schlaufen gebogen sind, zusätzlich mit vorzugsweise mehreren um ihren eigenen Umfang gewundenen Schlingen 19 versehen, welche aufgrund der im eingesetzten Zustand entstehenden Zugbelastung auf diese Schlaufen eine ausreichende Sicherheit gegen ein Öffnen derselben gewährleisten.At the lateral ends of the braid 10, the wire strands or wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are articulated to one another in pairs by loops 11 ", 12", these loops 11 ", 12" being connected by the wire strands bent at the ends or Wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 themselves are formed. The wire strands or wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14, after they have been bent into loops, are additionally provided with a plurality of loops 19 which are wound around their own circumference and which, owing to the tensile load on these loops in the inserted state, are sufficient Ensure security against opening.
Das Diagonalgeflecht 10 wird von im Erdreich versenkten Befestigungs- elementen 15 auf dem Erdboden in einer definierten Verspannung gehalten. Vorzugsweise ist in den am oberen und unteren Ende des Geflechtes 10 befindlichen, wendeiförmig gebogenen Randdrahtseil bzw. Randdrahtlitze bzw. Randdrahtbündel 11 je ein Draht oder ein Seil 21 eingeschlauft, welches seinerseits von den Befestigungselementen 15 auf den Boden oder dergleichen gespannt ist. Im Prinzip könnten die Befestigungselemente 15 aber auch unmittelbar die Schlaufen 11 ' halten. Die einzelnen wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 weisen einen Steigungswinkel α sowie eine Länge L zwischen zwei Biegungen auf, welche die Form und Grosse der Maschen 17 des Diagonalgeflechtes 10 bestimmen. Für den Steigungswinkel α ist vorteilhaft ein Winkelbetrag von annähernd 20 bis 35° gewählt. Die einzelnen Maschen 17 bilden jeweils ein Rhomboid, wobei die Maschenweite beispielsweise 77 x 143 mm beträgt. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass sich das Geflecht 10 nicht erheblich streckt, wenn es auf eine Erdoberflächenschicht ausgelegt und von den Seilen 21 in seiner Längserstreckung auf Zug vorgespannt wird. Zudem bilden hierdurch die einzelnen Maschen 17 ein Rhomboid mit einer länglichen Öffnung, die den Vorteil einer geringeren Durchlässigkeit von Erdmaterial ergibt.The diagonal braid 10 is held on the ground in a defined tension by fastening elements 15 recessed in the ground. Preferably, a wire or a rope 21 is looped into each of the helical bent edge wire rope or edge wire strand or edge wire bundle 11 located at the upper and lower ends of the braid 10, which wire is in turn tensioned by the fastening elements 15 on the floor or the like. In principle, the fastening elements 15 could also hold the loops 11 'directly. The individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 have a pitch angle α and a length L between two bends, which determine the shape and size of the meshes 17 of the diagonal braid 10. An angle of approximately 20 to 35 ° is advantageously selected for the pitch angle α. The individual meshes 17 each form a rhomboid, the mesh size being, for example, 77 × 143 mm. This has the advantage that the braid 10 does not stretch significantly if it is laid out on a layer of earth's surface and is pretensioned by the cables 21 in its longitudinal extension. In addition, the individual meshes 17 thereby form a rhomboid with an elongated opening, which gives the advantage of a lower permeability of earth material.
Die einzelnen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 werden im geflochtenen Zustand gelenkig zueinander gehalten, was zur Folge hat, dass sich das Diagonalgeflecht 10 wie eine Matte zusammenlegen bzw. zusammenrollen lässt. Demzufolge wird ein geringer Platzbedarf für die Lagerung und den Transport solcher Geflechte benötigt.The individual wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are articulated to one another in the braided state, with the result that the diagonal braid 10 can be folded or rolled up like a mat. As a result, a small amount of space is required for the storage and transportation of such braids.
Gemäss Fig.3 weist das Geflecht 10 eine dreidimensionale, matratzenartige Struktur auf, was wiederum durch die Verwendung der hochfesten Stahldrähte ermöglicht wird. Die einzelnen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel 11, 12, 13, 14 sind zu diesem Zwecke derart wendeiförmig gebogen und anschliessend miteinander verflochten, dass das hieraus entstehende Geflecht 10 im Querschnitt betrachtet einen annähernd rechteckigen Umriss bildet. Die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel bestehen daher aus gebogenen Teilen 11 ' und geraden Teilen 91. Dieses längliche Rechteck hat eine Dicke 10' von mehreren Drahtseil- bzw. Drahtlitzen- Dicken. Damit ist dieses Drahtgeflecht 10 auch im vorgespannten Zustand dreidimensional ausgebildet. Dies bewirkt zum einen eine erhöhte Federungseigenschaft des Geflechtes, denn die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel lassen sich bei steigernder Verspannung in ihrer Längsausdehnung strecken und vermitteln diesem Netzgeflecht eine erhöhte Elastizität. Zum andern wird durch diese dreidimensionale Ausbildung bei der Abdeckung einer Erdbodenoberfläche, bspw. einer Böschung, zusätzlich eine Stützung oder Stabilisierung der in dieses Geflecht eingebrachten Vegetationsschichten oder von aufgespritzten Abdeckungen erzielt.3, the braid 10 has a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure, which in turn is made possible by the use of the high-strength steel wires. For this purpose, the individual wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles 11, 12, 13, 14 are bent in a helical shape and then intertwined with one another in such a way that the cross-section of the resulting braid 10 forms an approximately rectangular outline. The wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles therefore consist of curved parts 11 'and straight parts 91. This elongated rectangle has a thickness 10' of several wire rope or wire strands. Thick. This wire mesh 10 is therefore three-dimensional even in the prestressed state. On the one hand, this results in an increased elasticity of the braid, because the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles can be stretched in their longitudinal extent with increasing tension and impart increased elasticity to this mesh braid. On the other hand, this three-dimensional design additionally provides support or stabilization of the vegetation layers introduced into this network or of sprayed-on covers when covering a ground surface, for example an embankment.
Dadurch, dass das Schutznetz erfindungsgemäss aus einzelnen wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseilen oder Drahtbündeln geflochten ist, die zwei oder mehrere zu einer Drahtlitze zusammengedrehte oder zu einem Drahtbündel zusammengefasste Drähte aus hochfestem Stahl aufweisen oder aus zwei oder mehreren zu einem Drahtseil gedrillten Drahtlitzen aus " hochfestem Stahl gebildet sind, wird ein hochfestes Schutznetz geschaffen, das bei Belastungen praktisch keine Deformation zulässt und ohne Maschenfixierungselemente (bspw. Kreuzklemmen) auskommt.As a result of the fact that the protective net is braided according to the invention from individual helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles which have two or more wires made of high-strength steel twisted together or combined to form a wire bundle or of two or more wire strands made of " high-strength steel " twisted to form a wire rope are formed, a high-strength protective net is created, which practically does not allow any deformation under loads and does not require mesh fixing elements (e.g. cross clamps).
Das erfindungsgemässe Diagonalgeflecht aus Drahtlitzen, Drahtseilen oder Drahtbündeln kann praktisch „endlos" in Rollen hergestellt werden, wobei an den Rollen-Längsseiten mit Vorteil ebenfalls hochfeste Randknoten in Form von den an Drahtlitzen-, .Drahtseil- oder Drahtbündel-Enden gebildeten Schlaufen vorgesehen sind.The diagonal braid of wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles according to the invention can be produced practically “endlessly” in rolls, with high-strength edge knots also advantageously being provided on the long sides of the rolls in the form of the loops formed on wire strand, wire rope or wire bundle ends.
Grundsätzlich können die Schutznetze aber auch aus Drahtlitzen, Drahtbündeln, Spiralseilen mit dünneren oder dickeren Drähten hergestellt sein, die nicht oder nur teilweise aus hochfestem Stahl gefertigt sind. Fig.4 zeigt ein System eines erfmdungsgemässen Schutznetzes 10, welches vorliegend als Böschungssicherung 40 beispielsweise einer an einem steilen Abhang befindlichen Böschung 45 vorgesehen ist, welche die zu sichernde Erdoberflächenschicht bildet.In principle, however, the protective nets can also be made of wire strands, wire bundles, spiral ropes with thinner or thicker wires, which are not or only partially made of high-strength steel. 4 shows a system of a protective network 10 according to the invention, which in the present case is provided as slope protection 40, for example an slope 45 located on a steep slope, which forms the layer of earth surface to be secured.
Diese Böschungssicherung 40 besteht aus dem über einen gewünschten Böschungsbereich ausgelegten Drahtgeflecht 10 und aus den in den Boden versenkten Befestigungselementen 15 mit das Geflecht 10 auf die Erdoberfläche drückenden Krallplatten oder dergleichen. Für die Befestigungselemente 15 werden an sich bekannte Boden- oder Felsnägel gebraucht, welche vorzugsweise in einem regelmässigen Abstand in der Böschung 45 befestigt sind. Am oberen und unteren Ende des Geflechtes 10 ist jeweils ein Seil 21 vorgesehen, mittels welchen das Geflecht 10 mit einer Zugkraft gestreckt ist.This slope protection 40 consists of the wire mesh 10 laid out over a desired slope area and of the fastening elements 15 sunk into the ground with claw plates or the like pressing the mesh 10 onto the earth's surface. Known ground or rock nails are used for the fastening elements 15, which are preferably fastened at regular intervals in the embankment 45. At the upper and lower end of the braid 10, a rope 21 is provided, by means of which the braid 10 is stretched with a tensile force.
Mit einem solchen Schutznetz- System kann eine optimale Sicherung eines Abhanges erzielt werden. Mit der erfindungsgemässen Ausbildung der Netze können auch grosse Schubkräfte, welche von sich lösenden Steinen oder Felsbröcken in der Böschung entstehen, problemlos aufgenommen werden.With such a protective network system, an optimal securing of a slope can be achieved. With the design of the nets according to the invention, even large thrust forces, which arise from stones or boulders in the slope that come loose, can be absorbed without any problems.
Bei einem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schutznetzes 10 wird jeweils eine Drahtlitze, ein Drahtbündel, ein Drahtseil 11, 12, 13, 14 oder ähnlichem in einem ersten Schritt mit einem definierten Steigungswinkel α wenigstens zu einem Biegedorn einer nicht näher gezeigten Einrichtung zugeführt und in einer definierten Länge L um den Biegedorn um annähernd 180° gebogen. In weiteren Schritten wird die Drahtlitze, der Drahtbündel, das Drahtseil 11, 12, 13, 14 oder ähnlichem mehrmals in seiner Längsachse zum Biegedorn 66 um die definierte Länge L nachgeschoben und jeweils um den Biegedorn um 180° gebogen, bis diese Drahtlitze, der Drahtbündel, das Drahtseil 11, 12, 13, 14 oder ähnlichem eine wendeiförmige Ausbildung hat. Nachdem solche wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtbündel, Drahtseile 11, 12, 13, 14 oder ähnlichem vorliegen, werden diese jeweils mit einer zweiten wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitze, einem Drahtbündel, einem Drahtseil oder ähnlichem zusammengeflochten, die zweite mit einer dritten und dies wiederholt wird, bis das Drahtgeflecht in der gewünschten Grosse erzeugt ist.In a method according to the invention for producing a protective network 10, a wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like is fed in a first step with a defined pitch angle α to at least one bending mandrel of a device (not shown in more detail) and in one defined length L around the mandrel bent by approximately 180 °. In further steps, the wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like becomes several times in its longitudinal axis to the bending mandrel 66 by the defined length L pushed and each bent around the mandrel by 180 ° until this wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like has a helical configuration. After such helically bent wire strands, wire bundles, wire ropes 11, 12, 13, 14 or the like are present, these are each braided together with a second helically bent wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope or the like, the second with a third and this is repeated until the wire mesh is produced in the desired size.
Vorteilhaft werden bei den Litzen, Drahtbündeln oder Drahtseilen zumindest teilweise hochfeste Drähte verwendet. Es könnten aber auch Drähte mit geringerer Festigkeit dafür eingesetzt werden. Durch die Tatsache, dass man gegenüber einzelnen Drähten zum Beispiel dickere Drahtbündel verwenden kann, lässt sich hierdurch die insgesamte Festigkeit auf diese Weise erhöhen. High-strength wires are advantageously used at least partially in the strands, wire bundles or wire ropes. However, wires with lower strength could also be used for this. Due to the fact that thicker wire bundles can be used compared to individual wires, the overall strength can be increased in this way.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Schutznetz, insbesondere für einen Steinschlagschutz oder für eine Böschungssicherung, welches ein durch Drähte (22) hergestelltes Diagonalgeflecht (10) und einer dreidimensionalen matratzenartigen Struktur gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Diagonalgeflecht (10) aus Drahtlitzen, aus Drahtbündeln, aus Drahtseilen (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem geflochten ist, welche zwei oder mehrere Drähte (22) oder Drahtlitzen aus Stahl umfassen.1. Protective net, in particular for stone chip protection or for securing embankments, which is formed by a diagonal braid (10) produced by wires (22) and a three-dimensional mattress-like structure, characterized in that the diagonal braid (10) consists of wire strands, wire bundles, wire ropes (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like, which comprise two or more wires (22) or wire strands made of steel.
2. Schutznetz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem zumindest teilweise aus einem hochfesten Stahl hergestellt sind. 2. Protection network according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like are at least partially made of a high-strength steel.
3. Schutznetz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) an ihren Enden paarweise durch Schlaufen (11", 12") gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind.3. Protection net according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (11, 12, 13, 14) are articulated at their ends in pairs by loops (11 ", 12").
4. Schutznetz nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) nach dem Umbiegen zu Schlaufen (11 ", 12") zusätzlich mit mindestens einer um ihren eigenen Umfang gewundenen Schlinge (19) versehen sind.4. Protection net according to claim 3, characterized in that the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (11, 12, 13, 14) after bending into loops (11 ", 12") additionally with at least one loop wound around their own circumference (19 ) are provided.
5. Schutznetz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) bildenden Drähte (22) korrosionsbeständig sind.5. Protective net according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (11, 12, 13, 14) forming wires (22) are corrosion-resistant.
6. Schutznetz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) bildenden Drähte (22) eine Nennfestigkeit im Bereich von 1000 bis 2200 N/mm2 aufweisen.6. Protective net according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wires (22, 12, 13, 14) forming the wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (22) have a nominal strength in the range from 1000 to 2200 N / mm 2 .
7. Schutznetz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die das Diagonalgeflecht (10) bildenden, wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitzen, Drahtseile oder Drahtbündel (11, 12, 13, 14) einen Steigungswinkel (α) von vorzugsweise zwischen 25° bis 35° aufweisen. 7. Protective net according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diagonal braid (10) forming helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles (11, 12, 13, 14) has a pitch angle (α) of preferably between 25 ° to Have 35 °.
8. Schutznetz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Böschungssicherung (40) das Drahtgeflecht (10), in den Boden versenkbare Befestigungselemente (15) mit das Geflecht auf die Erdoberfläche drückenden Krallplatten oder dergleichen und zumindest auf der Oberseite ein das Geflecht haltendes und streckendes Seil (21) aufweist.8. Protection net according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an embankment protection (40) the wire mesh (10), in the ground retractable fastening elements (15) with the mesh on the earth's surface pressing claw plates or the like and at least on the top the braid holding and stretching rope (21).
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schutznetzes nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Drahtlitze, ein Drahtbündel, ein Drahtseil (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem in einem definierten Steigungswinkel (α) wenigstens zu einem Biegedorn einer Einrichtung zugeführt und in einer definierten Länge (L) um den Biegedorn um annähernd 180° gebogen wird, dass die Drahtlitze, der Drahtbündel, das Drahtseil (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem mehrmals in seiner Längsachse zum Biegedorn (66) um die definierte Länge (L) nachgeschoben und jeweils um den Biegedorn um 180° gebogen wird, bis diese Drahtlitze, der Drahtbündel, das Drahtseil (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem eine wendeiförmige Ausbildung hat.9. A method for producing a protective network according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like at a defined pitch angle (α) at least to a bending mandrel fed to a device and bent in a defined length (L) around the bending mandrel by approximately 180 °, that the wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like several times in its longitudinal axis to the bending mandrel (66) pushed by the defined length (L) and each bent around the bending mandrel by 180 ° until this wire strand, the wire bundle, the wire rope (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like has a helical configuration.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine wendeiförmig gebogene Drahtlitze, ein Drahtbündel, ein Drahtseil (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem mit einer zweiten wendeiförmig gebogenen Drahtlitze, einem Drahtbündel, einem Drahtseil (11, 12, 13, 14) oder ähnlichem zusammengeflochten, die zweite mit einem dritten und dies wiederholt wird, bis das Drahtgeflecht in der gewünschten Grosse erzeugt ist. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a helically bent wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope (11, 12, 13, 14) or the like with a second helically bent wire strand, a wire bundle, a wire rope (11, 12, 13 , 14) or similar, the second with a third and this is repeated until the wire mesh is produced in the desired size.
PCT/EP2005/005542 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 Protective mesh in particular for rockfall protection or for slope stabilisation WO2005120744A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502005000122T DE502005000122D1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 PROTECTIVE NETWORK, ESPECIALLY FOR ANY STONE PROTECTION OR FOR A BORDER SECURITY
EP05740963A EP1628790B1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 Protective mesh in particular for rockfall protection or for slope stabilisation
JP2007526236A JP2008501878A (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 Protective net especially for rockfall protection or marginal protection
AU2005251879A AU2005251879B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 Protective mesh in particular for rockfall protection or for slope stabilisation
BRPI0511920-0A BRPI0511920B1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 PROTECTIVE MESH IN PARTICULAR FOR PROTECTION AGAINST ROCK OFF OR TO STABILIZATION OF HEALTH
US11/628,937 US20070210214A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-23 Protective Net, Especially For Rockfall Protection Or For Verge Securing
US13/430,276 US20120241565A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2012-03-26 Protective net, especially for rockfall protection or for verge securing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00974/04 2004-06-08
CH00974/04A CH697096A5 (en) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Safety net, especially for rockfall protection or for verge securing.

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EP (1) EP1628790B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008501878A (en)
KR (1) KR20060048241A (en)
CN (2) CN102817330A (en)
AT (2) ATE340662T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005251879B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0511920B1 (en)
CH (1) CH697096A5 (en)
DE (1) DE502005000122D1 (en)
ES (2) ES2271939T3 (en)
IT (1) ITBZ20050004U1 (en)
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EP1837097A1 (en) * 2006-03-13 2007-09-26 Wolfgang Schmauser Welded wire grating for gabions
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RU2006143057A (en) 2008-06-20
ITBZ20050004U1 (en) 2005-12-09
AT8699U1 (en) 2006-11-15
AU2005251879A1 (en) 2005-12-22
ES1060473Y (en) 2006-01-01
EP1628790A1 (en) 2006-03-01
BRPI0511920A (en) 2008-01-15
RU2376097C2 (en) 2009-12-20
AU2005251879B2 (en) 2010-10-21
ATE340662T1 (en) 2006-10-15
EP1628790B1 (en) 2006-09-27
US20120241565A1 (en) 2012-09-27
DE502005000122D1 (en) 2006-11-09
BRPI0511920B1 (en) 2017-06-27
CH697096A5 (en) 2008-04-30
JP2008501878A (en) 2008-01-24
ES2271939T3 (en) 2007-04-16
US20070210214A1 (en) 2007-09-13
CN1696408A (en) 2005-11-16
KR20060048241A (en) 2006-05-18
ES1060473U (en) 2005-09-16

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