WO2005092862A1 - Process for preparing oxcarbazepine - Google Patents

Process for preparing oxcarbazepine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005092862A1
WO2005092862A1 PCT/IB2005/000452 IB2005000452W WO2005092862A1 WO 2005092862 A1 WO2005092862 A1 WO 2005092862A1 IB 2005000452 W IB2005000452 W IB 2005000452W WO 2005092862 A1 WO2005092862 A1 WO 2005092862A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
formula
process according
oxcarbazepine
reaction
Prior art date
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PCT/IB2005/000452
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aldo Banfi
Deborah Bollini
Maurizio Serra
Gianluca Di Lernia
Original Assignee
Clariant International Ltd
Clariant Finance (Bvi) Limited
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Priority to DE602005023867T priority Critical patent/DE602005023867D1/en
Priority to KR1020067018221A priority patent/KR101150558B1/en
Priority to EP05708576A priority patent/EP1758867B1/en
Priority to JP2007502423A priority patent/JP4852528B2/en
Priority to AT05708576T priority patent/ATE482935T1/en
Priority to US10/580,145 priority patent/US7858779B2/en
Publication of WO2005092862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005092862A1/en
Priority to IL175620A priority patent/IL175620A0/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D223/18—Dibenzazepines; Hydrogenated dibenzazepines
    • C07D223/22—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D223/18—Dibenzazepines; Hydrogenated dibenzazepines
    • C07D223/22—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines
    • C07D223/24—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D223/28—Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom having a single bond between positions 10 and 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel process for preparing oxcarbazepine, which is particularly advantageous from an industrial point of view, characterized by the use of triphosgene as chlorocarbonylating agent.
  • German patent DE 2 011 087 (Ciba-Geigy).
  • US 3 642 775 describes a chlorocarbonylation reaction (a) performed with phosgene, in toluene at 95°C, with a yield of 77% of compound II after crystallization from ethanol, and subsequent ammonolysis (b) with ammonia gas in ethanol, with a yield of 73% of compound IV, also calculated after crystallization from ethanol (56% overall yield for the two steps a and b).
  • This process may be performed via the isolation and the optional purification of the individual intermediates of formulae II and III, or, preferably, by minimizing this procedure, i.e. working directly on the crude reaction product from the partially worked- up preceding step, as illustrated in the experimental section.
  • the starting compound of formula II of the process that is the subject of the present invention is commercially available.
  • the chlorocarbonylation step a) is performed with triphosgene in a molar ratio, relative to the compound of formula II, preferably of between 0.46:1 and 0.54:1 and more preferably at about 0.5 : 1 , in the presence of a base, preferably an organic base and more preferably triethylamine, in a molar ratio relative to the compound of formula II of between 1.4:1 and 1.6:1 and preferably at about 1.5:1.
  • the reaction solvent is generally chosen from aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably toluene, and the reaction temperature is usually between 90 and 110°C; preferably, the temperature at the start of dropwise addition of the triphosgene is greater than 90°C, to subsequently reach the reflux temperature of toluene during the dropwise addition.
  • the reaction medium is subjected to a minimum work-up and the residual crude product, obtained by evaporation, is used directly in the subsequent step b).
  • This ammonolysis step is generally performed with ammonia, preferably aqueous ammonia, in a suitable solvent, preferably an alcohol and more preferably methanol.
  • a suitable solvent preferably an alcohol and more preferably methanol.
  • the subsequent deprotection step c) is preferably performed on the concentrate obtained directly from the preceding step, under acidic conditions, preferably with hydrochloric acid, in aqueous medium at a pH of between 0 and 2, preferably at about pH 1, and at a temperature above 50°C, preferably between 90 and 95°C.
  • the final product is preferably purified by crystallization, more preferably by crystallization from dimethylacetamide/methanol.
  • the overall yield for the present process is generally about 80%, i.e. appreciably greater than the yields for the similar processes described in the art.
  • the organic phase is evaporated to dryness under vacuum at about 40°C and is then taken up in 125 ml of methanol. This solution is evaporated under vacuum at 40°C and the residue is taken up again in 500 ml of methanol.
  • the solution is heated to 50°C, 300 ml of 28% aqueous ammonia (2.11 mol) are added dropwise to the homogeneous solution, and the mixture is stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. HPLC monitoring after 1 hour indicates that the reaction is complete, and the solvent is partially distilled off at 40°C under vacuum, down to a residual volume of about 400 ml.
  • the solution at 25°C becomes turbid due to precipitation of 10-methoxy-5H- dibenzo[b,fJazepine-5-carboxamide (IV), and the suspension thus formed is used without further purification in the following step.
  • the mixture is cooled to 25°C and about 14 g of 30% NaOH are added dropwise to bring the pH from 1.0 to 7.0-7.5.
  • the reaction suspension is filtered at 25°C and the cake is washed twice with water (2 x 100 ml), the filtration and washing waters then being removed.
  • the cake is washed three times with methanol (3 x 100 ml) at 12-14°C and the waters are then removed.
  • the wet cake 160-170 g
  • dimethylacetamide 400 ml
  • the product is filtered off at a temperature above 80°C (temperature of start of recrystallization).
  • the filtrate is cooled to 60°C, 400 ml of methanol are then added to the suspension, and the resulting mixture is cooled first to 25°C and then to 0-5°C. After 1 hour at 0-5°C, the cake is washed with 150 ml of methanol at 12-14°C and the methanolic washing phase is removed. The cake is dried under vacuum at 40°C for 6 hours.
  • Weight about 80 g; yield: 70% (molar), 80% (w/w).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Process for preparing oxcarbazepine according to Scheme 1: characterized by the use of triphosgene as chlorocarbonylating agent in step a).

Description

PROCESS FOR PREPARING OXCARBAZEPINE
The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing oxcarbazepine, which is particularly advantageous from an industrial point of view, characterized by the use of triphosgene as chlorocarbonylating agent.
PRIOR ART Oxcarbazepine (Merck Index, 1996, No. 7063) of formula
Figure imgf000003_0001
is a known anticonvulsivant agent, which was described for the first time in German patent DE 2 011 087 (Ciba-Geigy).
Various processes are reported in the literature for preparing oxcarbazepine, these processes essentially involving the introduction of the carboxamide function onto the nitrogen in position 5 by means of carbamoylation with cyanates, for example in WO 01/56992, EP 1 302 464, IT 000MI0311 and WO 96/21649, or, as illustrated in Scheme 1 below and in US 3 642 775 and HU63389, by chlorocarbonylation (a) followed by a monolysis (b) and final hydrolysis (c): SCHEME 1
Figure imgf000004_0001
IV
In particular, US 3 642 775 describes a chlorocarbonylation reaction (a) performed with phosgene, in toluene at 95°C, with a yield of 77% of compound II after crystallization from ethanol, and subsequent ammonolysis (b) with ammonia gas in ethanol, with a yield of 73% of compound IV, also calculated after crystallization from ethanol (56% overall yield for the two steps a and b).
The final deprotection of compound IN to give oxcarbazepine (c) is performed by refluxing with 2Ν hydrochloric acid, in a yield of 80%, after crystallization from ethanol. The overall yield for this process (II --> III --> IV --> I) is equal to about 45%.
However, the use of phosgene as chlorocarbonylating agent in this synthetic route represents a considerable drawback on account of its high toxicity and corrosiveness.
From the abstract in Chemical Abstracts of Hungarian patent HU63389, the same sequence as that of Scheme 1 is performed, but with diphosgene in refluxing toluene (a), subsequent ammonolysis of the intermediate III, which is not isolated, with ammonia gas (b) (yield for steps a) and b) equal to 58.9%) and, finally, hydrolysis of the intermediate IV with 2M HC1, in a yield equal to 73.5%. In this case, the overall yield for the process, calculated on the basis of the partial values reported in the abstract, is equal to 43.3%.
We have now found, surprisingly, an industrially acceptable process for preparing oxcarbazepine, which, without using corrosive reagents such as phosgene, makes it possible to obtain the desired product while significantly increasing the overall yields.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION One subject of the present invention is thus a process for preparing oxcarbazepine of formula
Figure imgf000005_0001
which includes:
a) the chlorocarbonylation reaction of the compound of formula
Figure imgf000005_0002
with triphosgene in the presence of a base, to give the compound of formula
Figure imgf000005_0003
b) ammonolysis of the compound of foraiula III to give the compound of formula
Figure imgf000006_0001
and
c) acid hydrolysis of the compound of formula IV to give oxcarbazepine I.
This process may be performed via the isolation and the optional purification of the individual intermediates of formulae II and III, or, preferably, by minimizing this procedure, i.e. working directly on the crude reaction product from the partially worked- up preceding step, as illustrated in the experimental section.
The starting compound of formula II of the process that is the subject of the present invention is commercially available.
The chlorocarbonylation step a) is performed with triphosgene in a molar ratio, relative to the compound of formula II, preferably of between 0.46:1 and 0.54:1 and more preferably at about 0.5 : 1 , in the presence of a base, preferably an organic base and more preferably triethylamine, in a molar ratio relative to the compound of formula II of between 1.4:1 and 1.6:1 and preferably at about 1.5:1.
The reaction solvent is generally chosen from aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably toluene, and the reaction temperature is usually between 90 and 110°C; preferably, the temperature at the start of dropwise addition of the triphosgene is greater than 90°C, to subsequently reach the reflux temperature of toluene during the dropwise addition. Preferably, once step a) is complete, the reaction medium is subjected to a minimum work-up and the residual crude product, obtained by evaporation, is used directly in the subsequent step b).
This ammonolysis step is generally performed with ammonia, preferably aqueous ammonia, in a suitable solvent, preferably an alcohol and more preferably methanol.
The subsequent deprotection step c) is preferably performed on the concentrate obtained directly from the preceding step, under acidic conditions, preferably with hydrochloric acid, in aqueous medium at a pH of between 0 and 2, preferably at about pH 1, and at a temperature above 50°C, preferably between 90 and 95°C.
The final product is preferably purified by crystallization, more preferably by crystallization from dimethylacetamide/methanol.
The overall yield for the present process is generally about 80%, i.e. appreciably greater than the yields for the similar processes described in the art.
The following examples are now given for the purpose of better illustrating the present invention without, however, limiting it.
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
EXAMPLE 1
Preparation of 10-methoxy-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide (IV) 100 g (0.4479 mol) of 10-methoxy-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (II) are introduced into a round-bottomed flask, they are placed in suspension by adding 500 ml of toluene, 67.2 g (0.6641 mol) of triethylamine are added and the mixture is heated to 90°C. A solution consisting of 66 g of triphosgene (0.2224 mol) in 150 ml of toluene is then added dropwise over 40 minutes, while allowing the temperature to rise to 110°C. Once the dropwise addition is complete, HPLC monitoring indicates that the reaction is complete. The reaction mixture is cooled to 80°C and 300 ml of water are then added dropwise. After the dropwise addition, the internal temperature of the mixture is 60- 65°C. The phases are separated at a temperature above 30-35°C and the aqueous phase is removed.
The organic phase is evaporated to dryness under vacuum at about 40°C and is then taken up in 125 ml of methanol. This solution is evaporated under vacuum at 40°C and the residue is taken up again in 500 ml of methanol.
The solution is heated to 50°C, 300 ml of 28% aqueous ammonia (2.11 mol) are added dropwise to the homogeneous solution, and the mixture is stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. HPLC monitoring after 1 hour indicates that the reaction is complete, and the solvent is partially distilled off at 40°C under vacuum, down to a residual volume of about 400 ml. The solution at 25°C becomes turbid due to precipitation of 10-methoxy-5H- dibenzo[b,fJazepine-5-carboxamide (IV), and the suspension thus formed is used without further purification in the following step.
EXAMPLE 2
Preparation of oxcarbazepine (I)
600 ml of water are added to the round-bottomed flask containing the suspension of 10- methoxy-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide (IV) from Example I, and about 12 g of 37% HCl are added dropwise to pH = 1. The suspension is stirred at about 95°C for 4 hours.
The mixture is cooled to 25°C and about 14 g of 30% NaOH are added dropwise to bring the pH from 1.0 to 7.0-7.5. The reaction suspension is filtered at 25°C and the cake is washed twice with water (2 x 100 ml), the filtration and washing waters then being removed. The cake is washed three times with methanol (3 x 100 ml) at 12-14°C and the waters are then removed. The wet cake (160-170 g) is suspended in dimethylacetamide (400 ml) while heating at 110°C until the solid has dissolved. The product is filtered off at a temperature above 80°C (temperature of start of recrystallization). The filtrate is cooled to 60°C, 400 ml of methanol are then added to the suspension, and the resulting mixture is cooled first to 25°C and then to 0-5°C. After 1 hour at 0-5°C, the cake is washed with 150 ml of methanol at 12-14°C and the methanolic washing phase is removed. The cake is dried under vacuum at 40°C for 6 hours.
Weight: about 80 g; yield: 70% (molar), 80% (w/w).
Purity (HPLC): > 99% (area %)

Claims

1. Process for preparing oxcarbazepine of formula
Figure imgf000010_0001
which includes: a) the chlorocarbonylation reaction of the compound of formula
Figure imgf000010_0002
with triphosgene in the presence of a base, to give the compound of formula
Figure imgf000010_0003
2. Process according to Claim 1, which subsequently includes: b) ammonolysis of the compound of formula III to give the compound of formula
Figure imgf000011_0001
and c) acid hydrolysis of the compound of formula IV to give oxcarbazepine I.
3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the said chlorocarbonylation reaction a) is performed with triphosgene in a molar ratio, relative to the compound of formula II, of between 0.46:1 and 0.54:1 and more preferably at about 0.5:1.
4. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, in which the said chlorocarbonylation reaction a) is performed using triethylamine as base, in a molar ratio relative to the compound of formula II of between 1.4: 1 and 1.6:1 and preferably at about 1.5:1.
5. Process according to Claims 1 to A, in which the said chlorocarbonylation reaction a) is performed in toluene and at a temperature of between 90 and 110°C.
6. Process according to Claims 2 to 5, in which the ammonolysis b) is performed with aqueous ammonia in methanol.
7. Process according to Claims 2 to 6, in which the deprotection c) is performed with hydrochloric acid in aqueous medium at a pH of about 1 and at a temperature of between 90 and 95°C.
PCT/IB2005/000452 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 Process for preparing oxcarbazepine WO2005092862A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602005023867T DE602005023867D1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OXCARBAZEPINE
KR1020067018221A KR101150558B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 Process for preparing oxcarbazepine
EP05708576A EP1758867B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 Process for preparing oxcarbazepine
JP2007502423A JP4852528B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 Method for producing oxcarbazepine
AT05708576T ATE482935T1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 METHOD FOR PRODUCING OXCARBAZEPINE
US10/580,145 US7858779B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-21 Process for preparing oxcarbazepine
IL175620A IL175620A0 (en) 2004-03-09 2006-05-14 Process for preparing oxcarbazepine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000452A ITMI20040452A1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF OXCARBAZEPINA
IT2004A000452 2004-03-09

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US (1) US7858779B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1758867B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4852528B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101150558B1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005023867D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2353799T3 (en)
IL (1) IL175620A0 (en)
IT (1) ITMI20040452A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005092862A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010000196A1 (en) 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 浙江工业大学 Method for chemical synthesis of oxcarbazepine
WO2013008194A2 (en) 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Process for the preparation and purification of eslicarbazepine acetate and intermediates thereof
WO2014049550A1 (en) 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Process for the preparation of oxcarbazepine and its use as intermediate in the preparation of eslicarbazepine acetate
CN108101844A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-01 常州沃腾化工科技有限公司 The preparation method of 10,11- dihydros -10 oxo -5H- dibenzo [b, f] azepine * -5- formamides

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2011087A1 (en) * 1969-03-10 1970-09-24 J.R. Geigy AG, Basel (Schweiz) Process for the preparation of a new azepine derivative s
HUT63389A (en) * 1991-12-27 1993-08-30 Alkaloida Vegyeszeti Gyar Improved process for producing 5-carbamoyl-10-oxo-10,11-dihydro-5h-dibenz/b,f/azepine

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IT1272897B (en) * 1995-01-13 1997-07-01 I F C Iniziative Finanziaarie PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 10-OXO-10,11-DIIDRO-SH- -DIBENZ (B, F) AZEPIN-5-CARBOXYAMIDE
DE19740577A1 (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-18 Eckert Gmbh Dr Simple apparatus for safe, controlled, automatic generation of phosgene from stable precursor
IT1301825B1 (en) * 1998-06-26 2000-07-07 Archimica Spa PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF (S) -N-TERBUTYL-1,2,3,4-TETRAIDROISOCHINOLIN-3-CARBOXYAMIDE.
GB0002740D0 (en) 2000-02-07 2000-03-29 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
IT1318371B1 (en) 2000-02-22 2003-08-25 Inland Internat Ltd PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HETEROCYCLES.
US6670472B2 (en) 2001-10-09 2003-12-30 Max India Limited Process for the preparation of 10-methoxycarbamazepine
US20070032647A1 (en) * 2004-10-15 2007-02-08 Amoli Organics Ltd. Novel process for preparation of 10-oxo-10, 11-dihydro-5h-dibenz [b,f] azepine-5-carbox- amide (oxcarbazepine) via intermediate, 10-methoxy-5h-debenz[b,f] azepine-5-carbonyl- chloride

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2011087A1 (en) * 1969-03-10 1970-09-24 J.R. Geigy AG, Basel (Schweiz) Process for the preparation of a new azepine derivative s
HUT63389A (en) * 1991-12-27 1993-08-30 Alkaloida Vegyeszeti Gyar Improved process for producing 5-carbamoyl-10-oxo-10,11-dihydro-5h-dibenz/b,f/azepine

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Title
DATABASE CAPLUS [online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; HAASZ, FERENC ET AL: "Improved process for producing 5-carbamoyl-10-oxo-10,11-dihydro-5H- dibenz[b,f]azepine", XP002306691, retrieved from STN Database accession no. 1994:164010 *
HEINER ECKERT ET AL: "Triphosgene, a Crystalline Phosgene Sustitute", ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE. INTERNATIONAL EDITION, VERLAG CHEMIE. WEINHEIM, DE, vol. 26, no. 9, 1987, pages 894 - 895, XP002083416, ISSN: 0570-0833 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010000196A1 (en) 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 浙江工业大学 Method for chemical synthesis of oxcarbazepine
WO2013008194A2 (en) 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Process for the preparation and purification of eslicarbazepine acetate and intermediates thereof
WO2014049550A1 (en) 2012-09-26 2014-04-03 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Process for the preparation of oxcarbazepine and its use as intermediate in the preparation of eslicarbazepine acetate
CN108101844A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-01 常州沃腾化工科技有限公司 The preparation method of 10,11- dihydros -10 oxo -5H- dibenzo [b, f] azepine * -5- formamides

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JP2007528385A (en) 2007-10-11
ITMI20040452A1 (en) 2004-06-09
KR101150558B1 (en) 2012-06-01
EP1758867A1 (en) 2007-03-07
ES2353799T3 (en) 2011-03-07
KR20070031280A (en) 2007-03-19
DE602005023867D1 (en) 2010-11-11
US7858779B2 (en) 2010-12-28
JP4852528B2 (en) 2012-01-11
EP1758867B1 (en) 2010-09-29
IL175620A0 (en) 2006-09-05
US20070149507A1 (en) 2007-06-28

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