WO2005086587A2

WO2005086587A2 - Medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device

Info

Publication number: WO2005086587A2
Application number: PCT/IL2005/000298
Authority: WO
Inventors: David Daily; Lior Raday
Original assignee: Dali Medical Devices Ltd.
Priority date: 2004-03-16
Filing date: 2005-03-15
Publication date: 2005-09-22
Also published as: EP1755705A4; US20090018506A1; EP1755705B1; EP1755705A2; US7985216B2; WO2005086587A3; IL160891A0

Abstract

A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device which is comprised of two adapters, the automatic needle device (10) is a front actuated device by element (40) and also comprises springs (20, 22) and needle (34). The automatic needle device is break away connected to a medicinal container engagement (2) by element (12) and also has safety tab (60) which prevents actuation of the hub (4) and a medicinal container septum can be breached by tip (8) to allow for fluid communication from container to syringe. The filled syringe can then be connected to the automatic needle device for injection into the subject.

Description

MEDICINAL CONTAINER ENGAGEMENT AND AUTOMATIC NEEDLE DEVICE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to medicinal container engagement and automatic needle devices for hypodermic syringes generally.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The following U.S. Patents and Patent Application Publications are believed to represent the current state of the art: 4,058,121; 4,474,572 4,475,906 4,484,910 4,487,602 4,505,710_: 4,512,767 4,515,590; 4,518,387 4,529,401 4,529,403 4,530,695 4,534,759_: 4,543,101

4,547,189; 4,553,962 4,573,993 4,573,970 4,573,976 4,578,061 4,578,064 4,580,561 4,592,744_: 4,594,073 4,596,558 4,597,753 4,600,403 4,601,708 4,613,328 4,620,540 4,620,847 4,624,660 4,650,468 4,658,830 4,659,326 4,664,651 4,664,654 4,666,436 4,672,967 4,681,565 4,687,465 4,687,467 4,689,042 4,699,614 4,710,170 4,722,733 4,723,937 4.735,618 4,738,663; 4,743,234 4,744,955 4,745,907 4,747,829 4,747,831 4.753,636 4,755,169 4,758,227 4,758,230 4,758,231 4,766,908 4,767,407 4,767,413 4,770,655. 4,781,683: 4,781,685 4,781,688 4,784,640 4,787,384 4,787,893 4,790,823 4,790,827 4,795,432 4,795,433 4,798,587 4,799,921 4,804,370 4,808,169 4,813,937. 4,813,940 4,820,275 4,820,286 4,826,484 4,826,489 4,826,490 4,828,548 4,832,682 4,832,693 4,834,704 4,834,718 4,842,598 4,846,811 4,850,961 4,850,968 4,850,971; 4,850,976 4,850,977 4,850,994 4,861,338 4,863,427 4,863,435 4,863,436; 4,865,592 4,874,372 4,874,382 4,883,466 4,883,472 4,886,499 4,887,998 4,892,107 4,892,523 4,894,054 4,894,055 4,898,589 4,900,303 4,900,307 4,900,311 4,902,279 4,904,242 4,906,236 4,908,022 4,909,794 4,909,795 4,911,706 4,913,702 4,915,702 4,917,672 4,919,146 4,919,657 4,923,443 4,923,445 4,927,414 4,929,237 4,929,241 ,931,040 4,932,944 4,932,946 4,932,947 4,935,013 4,935,014 4,936,830 ,941,879_; 4,944,723 4,944,725 4,946,441 4,950,240 4,950,241 4,950,250 ,950,252 4,955,866 4,955,868 4,955,869 4,955,870 4,961,728 4,966,589 ,966,592 4,966,593 4,973,310 4,973,317 4,976,704 4,988,335 4,988,339 ,994,045 4,998,921 4,998,922 5,000,736 5,000,737 5,002,548 5,007,903 ,011,475 5,015,240 5,017,187 5,019,043 5,019,044 5,019,047_: 5,019,048 ,021,059 5,024,665 5,026,349 5,030,208 5,034,003 5,037,306 5,037,382 ,037,393 5,037,400 5,041,094 5,042,977 5,045,066 5,047,016 5,049,133 ,049,136 5,053,010 5,053,018: 5,055,102 5,057,086 5,057,089 5,059,180 ,059,185 5,061,249; 5,061,251. 5,064,419 5,067,490 5,067,948 5,071,353 ,080,104 5,084,027; 5,084,029 5,084,030 5,085,640 5,085,641 5,085,642 ,088,986 5,088,988 5,092,843 5,092,851 5,092,852 5,092,853 5,098,382 ,098,400 5,098,401 5,102,393 5,102,397 5,104,378 5,104,380 5,104,384 ,104,385 5,106,370 5,106,372 5,106,379 5,108,378 5,108,379 5,112,307 ,112,316 5,114,404 5,120,310 5,120,314 5,120,321 5,122,118: 5,122,124 ,125,898 5,125,899 5,127,910 5,135,507 5,135,510 5,137,515 5,137,516 ,141,496 5,143,414 5,147,311_; 5,147,326 5,147,327 5,149,323 5,152,751 ,156,599 5,160,326 5,163,916 5,163,917 5,163,918 5,167,632; 5,167,641 ,169,389 5,169,392 5,176,641 5,176,655 5,176,656 5,176,657 5,183,468 ,183,469 5,188,614 5,190,526 5,193,552 5,195,982 5,195,983 5,195,985 ,199,952 5,201,708 5,201,710; 5,205,826 5,205,827 5,207,646 5,207,699 ,209,739 5,211,628 5,211,629. 5,215,524 5,215,533 5,215,534 5,215,535 ,215,536 5,217,437 5,219,338 5,221,262 5,222,943 5,222,947 5,222,974

5,224,936 5,226,882 5,228,883 5,232,457 5,232,458 5,238,654 5,242,388

5,242,401. 5,242,416 5,242,420 5,246,428 5,250,031 5,256,152 5,257,976.

5,261,894 5,263,933 5,267,961 5,267,963 5,269,761 5,269,762 5,269,766

5,273,532 5,273,538 5,273,539: 5,273,541 5,273,544 5,279,554 5,279,566

5,279,576 5,279,577 5,279,579 5,279,581 5,279,582 5,279,583 5,279,590

5,282,793 5,282,822 5,282,827 5,284,479 5,290,233 5,290,239 5,290,240

5,290,254 5,292,314 5,295,963 5,295,965 5,295,972 5,295,973 5,295,974

5.295,975 5,300,029 5,300,030 5,300,040 5,300,045 5,304,137 5,304,138

5,306,251. 5,306,258 5,308,332 5,311,841 5,312,353 5,312,366 5,312,368 ,312,370 5,312,371 5,312,372 5,314,503 5,318,538 5,320,609 5,322,517,324,265 5,328,475 5,328,482 5,328,484 5,330,430 5,334,149 5,334,158,334,173; 5,336,180 5,336,187 5,336,199 5,338,303 5,338,311 5,342,310,342,320; 5,344,407 5,344,408 5,346,475 5,346,480 5,346,481 5,348,544,352,200 5,352,202 5,352,203 5,354,287 5,356,387 5,358,489 5,360,410;,364,362 5,364,370 5,366,447 5,368,568 5,368,570 5,368,571 5,370,619,370,626 5,374,250 5,378,240 5,383,857 5,385,550 5,385,551 5,385,557.,389,076 5,389,085 5,391,151 5,391,183 5,395,317 5,395,337 5,399,163,401,246. 5,401,249 5,401,251 5,403,286 5,403,287 5,405,326 5,405,327,407,436 5,409,466 5,411,487 5,415,638 5,415,645 5,415,648 5,419,766,419,773 5,423,746 5,425,715 5,425,722 5,429,61 1 ; 5,429,612 5,429,613:,431,631 5,431,632; 5,433,712_; 5,445,618 5,445,620; 5,451,210 5,458,576;,458,580 5,460,611. 5,462,531 5,466,223 5,468,227; 5,474,687 5,478.314,478,316; 5,478,328 5,480,385 5,480,387 5,480,390. 5,482,039 5,484,414,486,163. 5,486,164 5,487,732 5,487,733 5,487,734 5,489,272 5,492,536,496,278 5,501,672 5,512,048 5,512,050 5,514,097 5,514,107 5,520,639,520,649 5,522,797 5,522,812 5,527,283 5,527,284 5,527,307 5,529,189,531,691 5,531,692 5,531,694 5,531,704 5,531,706 5,533,975 5,533,984,536,243 5,536,253 5,536,257 5,538,506 5,538,508 5,540,664; 5,540,666,542,920 5,542,927 5,549,558 5,549,568 5,549,570 5,549,572. 5,549,708,558,648 5,562,623 5,562,624 5,562,626 5,562,631 5,569,202 5,569,203,573,513 5,575,770. 5,578,011: 5,578,014 5,578,015; 5,582,591 5,586,976,591,133: 5,591,134 5,591,138 5,593,387 5,593,390 5,599,309 5,599,313,599,316 5,599,318; 5,601,532 5,601,535 5,605,544 5,609,577 5,611,781,611,782 5,613,500; 5,613,951 5,613,952 5,615,771 5,616,123 5,616,132,616,134 5,616,135: 5,620,422 5,620,425 5,624,401 5,624,405 5,628,765,630,803 5,632,730 5,632,733 5,634,906 5,634,909 5,634,937 5,637,092,637,094 5,643,220 5,643,222 5,647,851 5,649,622 5,651,774 5,653,687,653,688 5,653,693 5,656,031 5,658,256 5,658,257 5,658,258 5,658,259,662,610 5,662,617 5,665,071 5,665,075 5,669,889 5,672,155 5,672,161,681,291 5,681,295 5,688,240 5,688.251 5,693,016 5,693,022 5,693,023,695,472 5,704,911 5.704,921 5,707,393 5,709,662; 5,709,667 5,709,668 ,713,866 5,713,871 5,713,872; 5,720,727 5,725,498 5,738,655 5,741,223,743,879 5,743,887 5.743,888 5,743,891 , 5,746,718 5,749,854 5,749,860,755,692: 5,769,822 5,769,827 5,779,675 5,779,677 5,779,684 5,788,677,788,713_: 5,792,107 5,792,121 5,792,122, 5,795,336 5,797,885 5,800,403,807,334 5,807,345 5,807,352 5,810,775 5,810,784 5,817,054 5,817,070,820,602 5,823,997 5,823,998 5,827,293. 5,830,130 5.836,911 5,836,920,843,036 5,843,047 5,848,990 5,851,197 5,853,390 5,853,393 5,855,839,858,000 5,865,227 5,865,804 5,868,711. 5,879,337 5.882,342 5,885,257,891,052 5,891,092 5,891,097 5,891,105 5,897,508 5,899,885 5,899,886,908,404 5,908,408 5,910,131 5,911,706 5,919,166 5,921,959 5,921,960,921,961 5,921,963 5,921,964 5,925,019 5,928,188 5,928,194 5,928,205,931,813 5,938,638 5,938,639 5,941,850 5,944,692 5,944,693 5,951,522,954,699 5,957,892 5,957,895 5,957,897 5,960,797 5,961,491 5,971,953,976,111 5,980,487 5,980,488 5,980,491 5,980,494 5,984,899 5,984,900,989,219_; 5,989,221 5,993,417 5,993,418 5,997,500 5,997,511 5,997,513,001,080 6,007,474 6,010,486 6,010,487 6,015,396 6,015,438 6,017,325,022,337 6,033,386 6,033,387 6,036,674 6,039,713 6,050,974 6,050,977,056,716 6,056,724 6,056,734 6,063,040 6,063,053 6,066,115 6,068,616,074,360 6,074,369 6,074,370 6,077,245, 6,080,135 6,083,199 6,083,200,086,562 6,086,569 6,090,077 6,090,078 6,090,080 6,093,172 6,099,500,099,503 6,099,504 6,102,844 6,113,574 6,117,112. 6,117,113_; 6,126,637,129,710 6,142,972 6,149,626 6,149,629 6,156,008 6,156,010 6,156,013,156,015 6,159,161 6,159,181 6,159,185 6,171,284 6,179,812 6,183,444,183,446 6,186,980 6,192,891 6,193,695 6,206,856 6,206,857 6,210,369,217,550; 6,217,559 6,221,044 6,221,051 6,221,052 6,224,576 6,228,054,228,055 6,235,006 6,238,372 6,241,707 6,241,708 6,254,575 6,254,580,258.056 6,261,264 6,261,265 6,267,748 6,270,472 6,270,481 6,273,870,280,399 6,280,420 6,280,421 6,283,941 6,293,925 6,299,601 6,309,374,309,375 6,312,409 6,315,113 6,319,233 6,319,234 6,322,536 6,325,781.,325,789 6,331,173 6,332,875 6,344,031 6,356,783 6,358,236 6,361,525,364,865 6.368,303 6,371,938 6,379,336 6,379,340 6.387,078 6,402,716,409,701 6,409,703 6,409,706 6,412,490 6,413,236 6,413,237 6,416,323 6,416,497 6,419,658; 6,428,463 6,428,517 6,432,035 6,432,082 6,432,087 6,436,068 6,440,098 6.443,929 6,447,480 6,454,743 6,458,105 6,461,331 6,461,333 6,468,247 6,474,375 6,475,194 6,478,771 6,478,780 6,482,176 6,485,469 6,485,474 6,494,863 6,500,155 6,508,755 6,511,454 6,514,230 6,517,516 6,517,517 6,524,278 6,527,734 6,527,742 6,530,896 6,530,904 6,537,249 6,537,252 6,544,234 6,547,764 6,551,275 6,551,276 6,551,278 6,551,299. 6,554,798 6,558,351 6,558,357 6,558,365 6,565,533 6,565,538 6,569,115. 6,572,584 6,572,585 6,575,939 6,579,256 6,582,405 6,584,910 6,585,690 6,585,693 6.585,702 6,589,158 6,592,508 6,592,555 6,592,556 6,595,962 6,599,268 6,599,269 6,599,272 6,605,058 6,605,067 6,605,073 6,607,508 6,607,509 6,613,019 6.613,022 6,616,630 6,616,638 6,616,639 6,620,136; 6,620,137 6,620,138 6,623,455 6,623,458 6,623,459 6,626,309 6,626,864; 6,629,957 6,629,959 6,632, 19S 6,637,587 6,638,248 6,638,255 6,641,561; 6,645,181 6,652,482 6,656,164 6,659,975 6,659,982 6,663,593 6,669,666; 6,673,034 6,673,044 6,673,049 6,678.550 6,679,863 6,679,864 6,685,676; 6,685,677 6,689,091 6,689,106 6,689,107 6,689,108 6,692,470 6,692,471; 6,699,218 6,702,784 6,706,011 6,706,015 6,706,019 6,709,416 6,712,787; 6,712,788 6,716,191 6,716,197 6,716,198 6,719,721 6,719,728_; 6,719,730; 6,723,068 6,723,072 6,726,655 6,726,658 6,726,661 6,726,662 6,730,059; 6,736,800 6,740,059 6,743,203 6,749,833 6,752,782 6,752,784 6,752,798; 6,761,706 6,767,336 ; RE 33,585; RE 34,335 RE34,936

RE 36,398; RE 36.447; RE 37,110; RE 37,252; RE 37,487; US2002/0123719; US2002/0123736; US2003/0023203; US2003/0036725; US2003/0109827; and US2003/0125671.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention seeks to provide an improved medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device. There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device including an automatic needle assembly and a medicinal container receptacle removably joined to the automatic needle assembly. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device also includes a break- away connection joining the automatic needle assembly to the medicinal container receptacle. Preferably, the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device also includes first and second syringe adapter elements respectively engaging the automatic needle assembly and the medicinal container receptacle. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the first and second syringe adapter elements are located in a side by side mutual orientation. Alternatively, the first and second syringe adapter elements are located in a parallel mutual orientation. Preferably, the break-away connection includes a safety element which prevents actuation of the automatic needle assembly while the medicinal container receptacle is joined to the automatic needle assembly. In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device also includes a safety element which prevents actuation of the automatic needle assembly while the medicinal container receptacle is joined to the automatic needle assembly. There is also provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device including an automatic needle assembly and a medicinal container engagement operated communication controller having at least two operative states and providing selectable fluid communication between either of the automatic needle assembly and a medicinal container and an additional vessel. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device also includes a medicinal container receptacle joined to the automatic needle assembly. Preferably, a sealing element of the medicinal container is punctured prior to a position change of the medicinal container engagement operated communication controller. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention insertion of the medicinal container results in fluid communication between the medicinal container and the additional vessel. Preferably, removal of the medicinal container results in fluid communication between the automatic needle device and the additional vessel. In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention the automatic needle assembly includes a housing element, at least one resilient element arranged to be located within the housing element, at least one needle bearing element adapted, when actuated, to be displaced by the at least one resilient element with respect to the housing element from a non-penetration position to a penetration position and a needle guard adapted for positioning with respect to the housing element and wherein displacement of the needle guard is operative to actuate displacement of the at least one needle bearing element from the non-penetration position to the penetration position. Preferably, rearward displacement of the needle guard is operative to actuate displacement of the at least one needle bearing element from the non-penetration position to the penetration position. In accordance with a still further preferred embodiment of the present invention the automatic needle assembly also includes a safety element adapted to prevent inadvertent actuation of displacement of the at least one needle bearing element. Preferably, the safety element prevents inadvertent rearward displacement of the needle guard. Additionally or alternatively the at least one resilient element includes a unitary resilient element. Alternatively, the at least one resilient element includes first and second coil springs. In accordance with yet a further preferred embodiment of the present invention the housing element includes an injection device engagement portion. Preferably, the housing element and the at least one needle bearing element together define a fluid pathway from the injection device engagement portion through the needle at least when the needle bearing element is in both the non-penetration position and the penetration position. Additionally or alternatively, the needle guard is displaceable by the at least one resilient element. In accordance with an additional preferred embodiment of the present invention the at least one resilient element includes first and second compression springs which provide selectable forward displacement to the at least one needle bearing element. Preferably, the needle bearing element includes a hub portion and a needle adhered thereto and extending through a septum. Additionally or alternatively, the automatic needle assembly also includes a safety tab operative for disabling actuation of the automatic needle device. As a further alternative, the safety tab includes a spacer portion and a tab portion. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the automatic needle assembly includes a housing element, at least one needle bearing element adapted, when actuated, to be displaced with respect to the housing element from a non-penetration position to a penetration position and a needle guard adapted for positioning with respect to the at least one needle bearing element and with respect to the housing element in a mutually locked needle guarding orientation, whereby displacement of the needle guard in a first direction relative to the housing is prevented by engagement of the needle guard with the at least one needle bearing element and displacement of the needle guard in a second direction relative to the housing, opposite to the first direction, is prevented by engagement of the needle guard with the housing element. In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the housing element is an integrally formed element having a generally cylindrical configuration and is generally side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis. Preferably, the housing element includes a rearward generally tubular portion which terminates in an open back and defines forwardly thereof a generally cylindrical portion, whose outer configuration includes top and bottom grip regions. Additionally or alternatively, the housing element includes first and second forwardly and rearwardly tapered side protrusions. In accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention the automatic needle assembly includes at an inner surface of the generally cylindrical portion forward and rearward inwardly extending transverse ribs and a plurality of inwardly extending longitudinal slots. Preferably, the automatic needle assembly includes at an interior of a generally tubular portion thereof, a generally cylindrical bore which communicates via a tapered interface with a forward bore, disposed interiorly of a cylindrical portion, the cylindrical bore being arranged to receive a septum. Additionally or alternatively, the automatic needle assembly includes apertures which are formed in cylindrical walls of the cylindrical bore in alignment along a line extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of the housing element. In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention and wherein a forward-facing back wall surface of the generally cylindrical portion defines a seat for the at least one resilient element. Preferably, the housing element is formed with a pair of side-to-side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of a needle held by the needle bearing element. Additionally or alternatively, the needle bearing element includes a needle hub and a needle. More preferably, the needle bearing element has a generally cylindrical configuration and is top-to-bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis. In accordance with a still further preferred embodiment of the present invention the needle bearing element defines a generally tubular body having formed thereon a pair of up-down mutually spaced, forwardly facing, outwardly extending hook protrusions. Preferably, the protrusions are each associated with a rearward facing rib. Additionally or alternatively, a rearwardly extending arm is formed at both a top and a bottom of the tubular body, each arm including, adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end thereof, a tapered inwardly facing tooth and forwardly thereof an outwardly facing tooth, having a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface. In accordance with yet a further preferred embodiment of the present invention the top and bottom pairs of outwardly facing ribs are formed on the tubular portion, adjacent respective rearward facing ribs, the outwardly facing ribs being operative to slidably locate the needle bearing element within the needle guard. Preferably, the tubular body defines a generally open back and a forward facing wall portion adjacent in which is formed a recess, which communicates with a narrow axial bore, arranged to receive the needle, which extends therethrough. Additionally or alternatively, a rearward facing external wall portion, located at a rearward end of the tubular body, defines a seat for the at least one resilient element. In accordance with an additional preferred embodiment of the present invention the needle guard has a generally cylindrical configuration and is top-to- bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis. Preferably, the needle guard defines a generally tubular body having formed thereon a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending, outward facing ribs, having rearward facing ends, the outward facing ribs being adapted to slidably locate the needle guard within inwardly extending longitudinal slots of the housing element. Additionally or alternatively, extending rearwardly of the outwardly facing ribs there is provided a curved rearward facing portion having a pair of inwardly facing slots formed therein, and, extending rearwardly of the ribs, there is formed a symmetrically curved rearward facing portion having a pair of ribs formed therein. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the curved rearward facing portions together with the rearward facing ends define a seat for a spring forming part of the at least one resilient element. Preferably, the inwardly facing slots are operative to slidably locate the needle bearing element within the needle guard, by allowing the outwardly facing ribs to slide therein. Additionally or alternatively, a rearwardly extending arm is formed at each side of the tubular body, each of the arms including adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end thereof, an outwardly facing tooth, having an inclined forward surface and a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface. In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the tubular body defines a generally open back and a forward facing wall portion, defining an injection site engagement surface. Preferably, the injection site engagement surface includes a pair of mutually concentric circles of mutually spaced forwardly extending protrusions and the forward facing wall portion is formed with an axial bore, arranged to allow a needle to extend therethrough. Additionally or alternatively, the needle guard is formed with a pair of side-to-side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of a needle. In accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention in a pre-use operative orientation suitable for storage, the housing element is joined to the needle bearing element by snap fit engagement of inner facing teeth formed on the needle bearing element into apertures formed in cylindrical walls of the housing element. Preferably, the at least one resilient element includes first and second compression springs, the first compression spring being maintained under compression between forward-facing back wall surface of a generally cylindrical portion of the housing element and a rearward facing wall portion of the needle bearing element and the second compression spring being maintained under compression between the forward facing back wall surface and rearward facing ends of the needle guard, which is slidably retained against disassembly forward movement by the positioning of curved rearward facing portions thereof immediately rearward of the inner facing teeth of the needle bearing element. Additionally or alternatively, the needle bearing element is retained in its place by engagement of rearwardly outwardly facing surfaces of the inner facing teeth with curved rearward facing portions of the needle guard, thus preventing rearwardly extending arms of the needle bearing element from bending outwardly and releasing the snap fit engagement of the inner facing teeth and apertures formed in the cylindrical walls of the cylindrical bore of the housing element. In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention and wherein due to engagement of the needle guard with an injection site on a body, the needle guard is forced, against the urging of the at least one resilient element, to move axially in a rearward direction with respect to the remainder of the automatic needle device, thus sliding the curved rearward facing portions thereof further rearward of the outwardly facing teeth of the needle bearing element, thus allowing the arms of the needle bearing element to cantilever outwardly. Additionally or alternatively, and wherein at all times the needle sealingly and slidably engages a septum.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a simplified exploded view illustration of a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 2A and 2B are simplified pictorial illustrations of a housing element which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1; Figs. 3 A and 3B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the housing element of Figs. 2 A and 2B; Figs. 4A, 4B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions INA - INA and IVB - IVB in Figs. 3 A and 3B; Figs. 5 A and 5B are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions VA - VA and VB - VB in Fig. 2A; Figs. 6A and 6B are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle hub assembly which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of piσ 1 • Figs. 7A and 7B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle hub assembly of Figs. 6 A and 6B; Figs. 8A and 8B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions VIIIA - VIIIA and VDIB - VIIIB in Figs. 7A and 7B; Figs. 9A and 9B are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions IXA - IXA and IXB - EXB in Fig. 6A; Figs. 10A and 10B are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle guard element which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1; Figs. 11A and 1 IB are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle guard element of Figs. 10A and 10B; Figs. 12A and 12B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XIIA - XIIA and XIIB - XIIB in Figs. 11 A and 1 IB; Figs. 13 A and 13B are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XDIA - XIIIA and X_HB - XIHB in Fig. 10 A; Figs. 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 14F, 14G, 14H and 141 are simplified pictorial illustration of various stages of typical use of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1 ; Figs. 15A and 15B are simplified assembled pictorial view illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14A in a pre-use operative orientation; Figs. 16A and 16B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 15A and l5B; Figs. 17A and 17B are sectional illustration taken along respective section lines and directions XVIIA - XVDA and XVHB - XNHB in Figs. 16 A and 16B; Fig. 18 is a simplified assembled, view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1, 14A and 14B in a vial engagement operative orientation; Figs. 19A and 19B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 18; Fig. 20 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XX - XX in Fig.

19B; Fig. 21 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14C in a liquid drawing operative orientation; Figs. 22A and 22B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig.

21; Fig. 23 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XXIH - XX3II in Fig. 22B; Fig. 24 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14E in a syringe - needle housing element engagement operative orientation; Figs. 25A and 25B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 24; Fig. 26 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XXVI - XXVI in Fig. 25B; Fig. 27 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14F in a vial adapter element disengagement operative orientation; Figs. 28A and 28B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 27; Figs. 29A and 29B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines XXIXA - XXEXA and XXEXB - XXTXB in Figs. 28A and 28B. Fig. 30 is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14G in an injection site engagement operative orientation; Figs. 31A and 3 IB are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 31; Figs. 32A and 32B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines XXXQA - XXXHA and XXXfl - XXXIIB in Figs. 31 A and 31 B; Fig. 33 is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14H in an actuated operative orientation; Figs. 34A and 34B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. _>_> ; Figs. 35A and 35B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines XXXVA - XXXVA and XXXVB - XXXVB in Figs. 34A and 34B; Fig. 36 is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 141 in a post-drug delivery, needle guarded operative orientation; Figs. 37A and 37B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 36; Figs. 38A and 38B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines XXXNIIIA - XXXVIIIA and XXXVIHB - XXX^ Fig. 39 is a simplified exploded view illustration of a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device constructed and operative in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 40A and 40B are simplified pictorial illustrations of a housing element which forms part of the medicmal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39; Figs. 41A and 41B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the housing element of Figs. 40A and 40B; Figs. 42A and 42B are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines XLUA - XLHA and XLUB - XLHB in Figs. 41 A and 41B; Fig. 43 is a pictorial sectional illustration taken along section line XLIH - XLiπ in Fig. 40A; Fig. 44 is a simplified pictorial illustration of a vial communication element which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39; Fig. 45 is a pictorial sectional illustration taken along section line XLV - XLV in Fig. 44; Figs. 46A and 46B are simplified assembled pictorial view illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a pre-use operative orientation; Figs. 47A and 47B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 46A and 46B; Figs. 48A and 48B are sectional illustration taken along respective section lines and directions XLVTIIA - XLVDIA and XLVIEB - XLVUB in Figs. 47A and 47B; Fig. 49 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a vial puncture operative orientation; Fig. 50 is a simplified top view planar illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 49; Fig. 51 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LI - LI in Fig. 50; Fig. 52 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 39 in vial attachment operative orientation; Fig. 53 is a simplified top view planar illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 52; Fig. 54 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LIN - LIN in Fig. 53; Fig. 55 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a liquid drawing operative orientation; Fig. 56 is simplified top view planar illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 55; Fig. 57 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LVII - LVII in Fig. 56; Fig. 58 is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a vial detachment operative orientation; Fig. 59 is a simplified top view planar illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 58; and Fig. 60 is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LX - LX in Fig. 59. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Reference is now made to Fig. 1 is a simplified exploded view illustration of a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As seen with particular clarity in Fig. 1, the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device comprises a vial adapter element 2 including a vial port 3 integrally formed with a syringe adapter portion 4 preferably having luer lock protrusions 6. The syringe adapter portion 4 is in fluid communication with a spike 8 which lies witliin vial port 3. The vial adapter element 2 is removably joined to a needle housing element 10 preferably by means of an integrally formed break-away comiection 12, which is configured to cleanly break away from needle housing element 10, preferably without leaving burrs or other protrusions. Disposed within needle housing element 10 are generally coaxially seated respective first and second compression springs 20 and 22, which provide selectable forward displacement to a needle hub assembly 30, which includes a hub portion 32 and a needle 34 adhesively adhered thereto and extending rearwardly through a septum 36, and to a needle guard element 40. Alternatively, needle hub portion 32 may be injected onto the needle, by a method such as insert molding. A safety tab 60 is preferably integrally formed with break-away connection 12, thus disabling actuation of the automatic needle functionality of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device until the vial adapter element 2 and break away connection 12 are removed, as described hereinbelow. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that safety tab 60 may be designed in many different shapes, such as a portion which is inserted into a slot between the needle guard element 40 and the needle housing element 10, as a stand alone injection molded part, or as an integral part of any suitable part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device such as the needle guard element 40 or the needle hub 32. It will additionally be appreciated by those skilled in the art that compression springs 20 and 22 may be replaced with other suitable types of resilient elements such as tension springs, elastomeric compression springs or plastic springs which may be integrated into needle housing element 10, into needle hub portion 32 or into needle guard element 40. Reference is now made to Figs. 2A and 2B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a preferred needle housing element 10 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1, to Figs. 3 A and 3B are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof, to Figs. 4A and 4B which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions INA - INA and IVB - IVB in Figs. 3A and 3B and to Figs. 5A and 5B which are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions VA - VA and VB - VB in Fig. 2A. As seen in Figs. 2 A - 5B, the needle housing element 10 preferably is an integrally formed element, preferably injection molded of plastic. Needle housing element 10 preferably has a generally cylindrical configuration and is preferably top-to- bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis 100. Needle housing element 10 preferably includes a rearward generally tubular portion 110, which terminates in an open back and defines generally symmetric side- facing tabs 114. Forward of rearward generally tubular portion 110 there is provided a generally cylindrical portion 118, whose outer configuration preferably includes top and bottom grip regions 120, which are ribbed in a direction transverse to longitudinal axis 100 and first and second forwardly and rearwardly tapered side protrusions 122. As described above with reference to Fig. 1, there is provided a vial adapter element 2 including a vial port 3 integrally formed with a syringe adapter portion 4 preferably having luer lock protrusions 6. The syringe adapter portion 4 is in fluid communication with a spike 8 which lies within vial port 3. The vial adapter element 2 is removably joined to one of the first and second forwardly and rearwardly tapered side protrusions 122 of needle housing element 10 preferably by means of an integrally formed break-away connection 12, which is configured to cleanly break away from side protrusion 122 of needle housing element 10, preferably without leaving burrs or other protrusions. At an inner surface of generally cylindrical portion 118 there are provided forward and rearward inwardly extending transverse ribs 126 and 128 and a plurality of inwardly extending longitudinal slots 130. The interior of tubular portion 110 defines a generally cylindrical bore 134. Bore 134 communicates via a tapered interface with a forward bore 136, disposed interiorly of cylindrical portion 118, which is arranged to receive septum 36. Bore 136 has a circular cross section which is slightly smaller than that of bore 134. Apertures 144 are formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 136 in alignment along a line extending transversely to longitudinal axis 100. A forward-facing back wall surface 154 of generally cylindrical portion 118 defines a spring seat for springs 20 and 22. The needle housing element 10 may optionally be formed with a pair of side- to-side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of the needle 34, for example, when purging air bubbles from syringe 502. Alternatively, needle housing element 10 may be formed of a transparent material. Reference is now made to Figs. 6A and 6B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle hub assembly 30 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1, to Figs. 7A and 7B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle hub assembly of Figs. 6A and 6B, to Figs. 8A and 8B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions VTHA - VIHA and VIIIB - VBLIB in Figs. 7A and 7B and to Figs. 9A and 9B, which are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions IXA - IXA and IXB - IXB in Fig. 6A. As seen in Figs. 6A - 9B, the needle hub assembly 30 preferably comprises a needle hub 32, which is an integrally formed element, preferably injection molded of plastic, and a needle 34. Needle hub assembly 30 preferably has a generally cylindrical configuration and is preferably top-to-bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis 300, which, when assembled together with needle housing element 10, is coaxial with longitudinal axis 100 (Figs. 2A - 5B). Needle hub assembly 30 preferably defines a generally tubular body 310. A pair of up-down mutually spaced, forwardly facing, outwardly extending hook protrusions 312 and 314 is formed on each side of tubular portion 310. Protrusions 312 and 314 are each associated with a rearward facing rib, here designated 316 and 318 respectively. A rearwardly extending arm 320 is formed at both the top and the bottom of tubular body 310. Each arm includes, adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end 322 thereof, a tapered inwardly facing tooth 324 and forwardly thereof an outwardly facing tooth 326, having a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface 330. Top and bottom pairs of outwardly facing ribs 332 and 334 are preferably formed on tubular portion 310, adjacent rearward facing ribs 316 and 318 respectively. Outwardly facing ribs 332 and 334 are operative to slidably locate needle hub assembly 30 within needle guard element 40. Tubular body 310 defines a generally open back and a forward facing wall portion 340 adjacent in which is formed a recess 342, which communicates with a narrow axial bore 344, arranged to receive needle 34, which extends therethrough and is held in place, preferably by an adhesive, which is located in recess 342. A rearward facing external wall portion 350, located at the rearward end of tubular body 310, defines a spring seat for spring 20, which is partially surrounded by rearward facing ends of ribs 316 and 318. Reference is now made to Figs. 10A and 10B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle guard element 40 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1, to Figs. 11A and 1 IB, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle guard element of Figs. 10A and 10B, to Figs. 12A and 12B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XHA - XIIA and XHB - XHB in Figs. 11 A and 1 IB and to Figs. 13A and 13B which are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XffiA - XIHA and XOTB - XIHB in Fig. 10A. As seen in Figs. 10A - 13B, the needle guard element 40 preferably is an integrally formed element, preferably injection molded of plastic. Needle guard 40 preferably has a generally cylindrical configuration and is preferably top-to-bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis 400, which, when assembled together with needle housing element 10 and needle hub assembly 30 is coaxial with longitudinal axis 100 (Figs. 2A - 5B) and longitudinal axis 300 (Figs. 6A - 9B). Needle guard element 40 preferably defines a generally tubular body 410. Four mutually circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending, outward facing ribs 412 and 414, having rearward facing ends 413 and 415 respectively, are formed on both the top and the bottom of generally tubular body 410. Outward facing ribs 412 and 414 are adapted to slidably locate the needle guard element 40 within the inwardly extending longitudinal slots 130 of the needle housing element 10. Extending rearwardly of ribs 412 is a curved rearward facing portion 416 having a pair of slots 417 formed therein, and extending rearwardly of ribs 414 is a similar and symmetrically curved rearward facing portion 418 having a pair of slots 419 formed therein. Curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 together with rearward facing ends 413 and 415 define the seat for spring 22. Slots 417 and 419 are operative to slidably locate needle hub assembly 30 within needle guard element 40, by allowing outwardly facing ribs 332 and 334 to slide therein. A rearwardly extending arm 420 is formed at each side of tubular body 410. Each arm includes adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end 422 thereof, an outwardly facing tooth 426, having an inclined forward surface 428 and a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface 430. Tubular body 410 defines a generally open back and a forward facing wall portion 440, defining an injection site engagement surface characterized in that it has a pair of mutually concentric circles 442 and 444 of mutually spaced forwardly extending protrusions 446. Forward facing wall portion 440 is formed with an axial bore 450, arranged to allow needle 34 to extend therethrough. Top and bottom windows 452 and 454 are defined between respective pairs of

The needle guard element 40 may optionally be formed with a pair of side-to- side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of the needle 34, for example when purging air bubbles from syringe 50. Alternatively, needle guard element 40 may be formed of a transparent material. Reference is now made to Figs. 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 14F, 14G, 14H and 141, which when taken together form a simplified pictorial illustration of various stages of typical use of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1. In Fig. 14A the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1 is shown prior to use in a pre-use operative orientation, described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 15A - 17B. When ready for use, the user attaches a syringe 502, having its plunger 503 retracted, to the syringe adapter portion 4 of the vial adapter element 2, as seen in Fig. 14A. Fig. 14B shows attachment of a vial 504 to the vial port 3 of the vial adapter element 2 and Fig. 14C shows drawing liquid from vial 504 into syringe 502, as described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 18 - 23. Fig. 14D illustrates subsequent disconnection of syringe 502 from syringe adapter portion 4 of vial adapter element 2 as described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 24 - 26, and Fig. 14E shows connection of syringe 502 to tubular portion 110 of needle housing element 10. Fig. 14F shows breaking of the vial adapter element 2 and its connection 12 from needle housing element 10, preferably enabling actuation of the automatic needle functionality of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device, by virtue of removal of safety tab 60, as described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 27 - 29B. It is appreciated that the fact that the vial adapter element 2 is joined to the needle housing element 10 greatly simplifies carrying out of the steps illustrated in Figs. 14A - 14E and thus reduces the chances of error. Reference is now made to Fig. 14G, which shows a user actuating the automatic needle functionality of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device by pushing it against an injection site as described hereinbelow with reference to 30 - 32B. In response to user actuation, automatic needle penetration takes place at the injection site, as indicated in Fig. 14H. immediately thereafter drug delivery takes place, by user depression of plunger 503 in syringe 502. The operative orientation of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device at this stage is described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 33 - 35B. The operative orientation of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device immediately following completion of drug delivery and disengagement of the automatic needle from the injection site is indicated in Fig. 141 and is described hereinbelow with reference to Figs. 36 - 38B. Reference is now made to Figs. 15A and 15B, which are simplified assembled view illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14A in a pre-use operative orientation, to Figs. 16A and 16B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Fig. 17A and 17B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XVDA - XVπA and XVIIB - XVIIB in Figs. 16A and 16B. As seen in Figs. 15A - 17B, in a pre-use operative orientation of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device, suitable for storage, the needle housing element 10 is joined to the needle hub assembly 30 by engagement of inner facing teeth 324 into apertures 144 formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 136. First and second compression springs 20 and 22 are located mutually coaxially within needle housing element 10. Compression spring 20 is maintained under compression between forward- facing back wall surface 154 of generally cylindrical portion 118 of needle housing element 10 and rearward facing wall portion 350 of hub assembly 30. Compression spring 22 is maintained under compression between forward facing back wall surface 154 and rearward facing ends 413 and 415 of needle guard element 40, which is slidably retained against forward movement by the positioning of curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 thereof immediately rearward of teeth 326 of needle hub assembly 30. The needle hub assembly 30 is retained in place by engagement of outwardly facing surfaces of inner facing teeth 324 of rearwardly extending arms 320 and curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 of needle guard element 40. This prevents rearwardly extending arms 320 of needle hub assembly 30 from bending outwardly and releasing the engagement of inner facing teeth 324 and apertures 144 formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 136 of the needle housing element 10. The safety tab 60 prevents the needle guard element 40 from moving backwards and allowing needle penetration. Reference is now made to Fig. 18, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1, 14A and 14B in a vial engagement operative orientation, to Figs. 19A and 19B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Fig. 20, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XX - XX in Fig. 19B. It is noted that the interior of syringe 502, coupled via syringe adapter portion 4, is in fluid communication with the interior of vial 504, supported in vial port 3, via spike 8. Reference is now made to Fig. 21, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14C in a liquid drawing operative orientation, to Figs. 22A and 22B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Fig. 23, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XXDI - XXffl in Fig. 22B. It is noted that the interior of syringe 502, coupled via syringe adapter portion 4, contains liquid drawn from the interior of vial 504, supported in vial port 3, via spike 8. This stage may take place after mixing liquid from multiple vials and/or reconstitution of lyophilized drugs. Reference is now made to Fig. 24, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14E in a syringe - needle housing element engagement operative orientation, to Figs. 25 A and 25B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Fig. 26, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines XXVI - XXVI in Fig. 25B. It is noted that the interior of syringe 502, is in fluid communication via bore 134 of tubular portion 110 of needle housing element 10 with needle 34 This stage typically takes place prior to breaking of connection 12 from needle housing element 10. Reference is now made to Fig. 27, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14F in a syringe - needle housing element engagement operative orientation, to Figs. 28A and 28B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Figs. 29A and 29B, which are sectional illustrations taken along section lines XXIXA - XXIXA and XXIXB - XXIXB in Figs. 28A and 28B respectively. It is noted that the vial adapter element 2 along with its connection 12 is separated from the needle housing element 10 along tapered side protrusion 122 and thus safety tab 60 is also removed. The vial adapter element 2 may be discarded. Alternatively, where a separate safety tab is provided, the vial adapter element 2 need not be separated from the needle housing element 10. Reference is now made to Fig. 30, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14G in an injection site engagement operative orientation, to Figs. 31 A and 3 IB, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Figs. 32A and 32B, winch are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XXXIIA - XXXflA and XXXπB - XXXIIB in Figs. 31 A and 3 IB. As seen particularly in Fig. 32A, due to engagement of the needle guard element 40 with an injection site on a body, the needle guard 40 is forced, against the urging of spring 22, to move axially in a rearward direction with respect to the remainder of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device, thus sliding curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 thereof further rearward of teeth 326 of needle hub assembly 30. This rearward repositioning of curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 and the pressure of spring 20, allow arms 320 of needle hub assembly 30 to cantilever outwardly. Reference is now made to Fig. 33, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 14H in an actuated operative orientation, to Figs. 34A and 34B which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Figs. 35A and 35B which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XXXVA - XXXVA and XXXVB - XXXVB in Figs. 34A and 34B. As seen particularly in Fig. 35 A, under the urging of spring 20, inner facing teeth 324 slide out of apertures 144 formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 136, thus allowing the needle hub assembly 30 to move axially forward and to provide needle penetration. The forward motion of needle hub assembly 30 stops when protrusions 312 and 314 come into touching engagement with inwardly extending transverse ribs 126 of the housing 10. At this stage, drug delivery may take place in response to manual operation of syringe 502 It is appreciated that at all times needle 34 sealingly and slidably engages septum 36. Reference is now made to Fig. 36, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Figs. 1 and 141 in a post-drug delivery, needle guarded operative orientation, to Figs. 37A and 37B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Figs. 38 A and 38B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XXXVIIIA - XXXVIIIA and XXXVIHB - XXXVIHB in Figs. 37A and 37B. Figs. 36 - 38B illustrate the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device fully disengaged from the injection site and the needle guard 40 is fully extended under the urging of spring 22 to fully enclose the needle 34. The needle guard 40 is prevented from moving farther forwards by engagement of curved rearward facing portions 416 and 418 and rearwardly extending surface 330 of teeth 326 of needle hub assembly 30. The needle hub assembly 30 is prevented from moving further forward by protrusions 312 and 314 leaning against inwardly extending transverse ribs 126 of the housing 10. The needle guard 40 is prevented from moving rearwardly by outwardly facing tooth 426, which fits in front of inwardly extending transverse ribs 126 of the needle housing element 10. Therefore, at this stage the needle guard 40 is locked in place, protecting keeping the needle 34 from inadvertent engagement. It is appreciated that the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device can be attached to various types of injection devices, and that the a luer adapter defined by an internal tapered surface of the tubular portion 110 of the needle housing element 10 and the syringe adapter portion 4 of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device may be readily modified for engagement with various injection devices such as pen injectors. Reference is now made to Fig. 39 is a simplified exploded view illustration of a medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device constructed and operative in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As seen with particular clarity in Fig. 39, the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device comprises a housing element 1010 which includes an automatic needle housing portion 1012 and a vial adapter housing portion 1014. Disposed within automatic needle housing portion 1012 are generally coaxially seated respective first and second compression springs 1020 and 1022, which provide selectable forward displacement to a needle hub assembly 1030, which includes a hub portion 1032 and a needle 1034 adhesively adhered thereto and extending rearwardly through a septum 1036, and to a needle guard element 1040. Alternatively, needle hub portion 1032 may be injected onto the needle, by a method such as insert molding. Selectably positionable in vial adapter housing portion 1014 is a two-position vial communication element 1050 which is generally operative to provide fluid communication only between the interior of a syringe and the interior of a vial, when a vial operatively engages the communication element 1050 and to provide fluid communication only between the interior of the syringe and needle 1034, when a vial does not engage the communication element 1050. A safety tab 1060 including a tubular portion 1062 and a tab portion 1064 is preferably mounted onto the needle guard element 1040 and in front of housing element 1010, thus disabling actuation of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device. The medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device is only functional once the safety tab is removed, as described hereinbelow. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that safety tab 1060 can be formed of any suitable material, for example such as polypropylene, and may designed in many different shapes, such as a portion which is inserted into a slot between the needle guard element 1040 and the housing element 1010, as a stand alone injection molded part, or as an integral part of any suitable part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device. It will additionally be appreciated by those skilled in the art that compression springs 1020 and 1022 may be replaced with a resilient element such as tension springs, elastomeric compression springs or plastic springs which may be integrated into housing element 1010, into needle hub portion 1032 or into needle guard element 1040. Reference is now made to Figs. 40A and 40B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a preferred housing element 1010 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39, to Figs. 41A and 41B which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof, to Figs. 42A and 42B which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XLIIA - XLIIA and XLUB - XLIIB in Figs. 41A and 41B and to Fig. 43 which is a pictorial sectional illustration taken along section line XLIII - XLIII in Fig. 40A. As seen in Figs. 40 A - 43, the housing element 1010 preferably is an integrally formed element, preferably injection molded of plastic. Housing element 1010 preferably has a generally cylindrical configuration and is preferably side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis 1100, and as noted above, includes an automatic needle housing portion 1012 and a vial adapter housing portion 1014. Automatic needle housing portion 1012 is similar to needle housing element 1010 described above in the embodiment of Figs. 1 - 38B and preferably includes a rearward generally tubular portion 1110, which terminates in an open back and defines generally symmetric side-facing tabs 1114. Forward of rearward generally tubular portion 1110 there is provided a generally cylindrical portion 1118, whose outer configuration preferably includes top and bottom grip regions 1120, which are ribbed in a direction transverse to longitudinal axis 1100 and first and second forwardly and rearwardly tapered side protrusions 1122. At an inner surface of generally cylindrical portion 1118 there are provided forward and rearward inwardly extending transverse ribs 1126 and 1128 and a plurality of inwardly extending longitudinal slots 1130. The interior of tubular portion 1110 defines a generally cylindrical bore 1134. Bore 1134 communicates via a tapered interface with a forward bore 1136, disposed interiorly of cylindrical portion 1118, which is arranged to receive septum 1036. Bore 1136 has a circular cross section which is slightly smaller than that of bore 1134. Apertures 1144 are formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 1136 in alignment along a line extending transversely to longitudinal axis 1100. A forward-facing back wall surface 1154 of generally cylindrical portion 1118 defines a spring seat for springs 1020 and 1022. Vial adapter housing portion 1014 includes a tubular portion 1160 which intersects and communicates with tubular portion 1110 and extends to a base 1162 of a cylindrical vial port 1164 having a cylindrical wall 1166 in which are preferably formed a plurality of slots 1168 and a track 1170. Cylindrical wall 1166 preferably defines a inwardly tapered circumferential edge 1172. The housing element 1010 may optionally be formed with a pair of side-to-side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of the needle 1034, for example, when purging air bubbles from syringe 2006. Alternatively, housing element 1010 may be formed of a transparent material. Reference is now made to Figs. 6A and 6B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle hub assembly 30 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1, to Figs. 7A and 7B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle hub assembly of Figs. 6A and 6B, to Figs. 8A and 8B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions VEHA - VIIIA and NTTTB - VIHB in Figs. 7A and 7B and to Figs. 9A and 9B, which are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions IXA - IXA and IXB - IXB in Fig. 6A. The needle hub assembly 1030 is identical to needle hub assembly 30 shown in

Figs. 6A - 9B. Reference is now made to Figs. 10A and 10B, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a needle guard element 40 which forms part of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 1, to Figs. 11A and 1 IB, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations of the needle guard element of Figs. 10A and 10B, to Figs. 12A and 12B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XIIA - XIIA and XIIB - XHB in Figs. 11 A and 1 IB and to Figs. 13 A and 13B which are pictorial sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XIHA - XOTA and XTT1B - XIHB in Fig. 10A. The needle guard element 1040 is identical to needle guard element 40 shown in Figs. 10A - 13B. Reference is now made to Figs. 44 and 45 which together illustrate two- position vial communication element 1050. As seen in Figs. 44 and 45, two-position vial communication element 1050 includes a generally cylindrical portion 1502, including a throughgoing transverse bore 1504 and a partially throughgoing transverse bore 1506, axially spaced from bore 1504 and communicating with an axial bore 1508 which terminates in a hollow spike 1510. Spike 1510 extends from a base 1512 which is surrounded by a ring 1514. Extending radially outwardly from ring 1514 are a plurality of slot engagement elements 1516 which engage slots 1168 in cylindrical wall 1166 and limit axial travel of two-position vial communication element 1050 relative thereto. Also preferably extending radially outwardly from ring 1514 there is provided a track riding protrusion 1517 which rides along track 1170. Extending axially from ring 1514 are a plurality of resilient vial engagement fingers 1518 having inwardly facing protrusions 1520, whose operative engagement with a neck of a vial tends to displace the vial communication element 1050 axially along with the vial relative to vial adapter housing portion 1014 subject to the limits established by engagement of slot engagement elements 1516 and slots 1168. Preferably fingers 1518 also include outwardly facing protrusions 1522 which resiliently engage circumferential edge 1172 in a manner which tends to result in establishment of fluid communication between the interior of a vial via spike 1510 and bores 1506 and 1508 prior to axial displacement of vial communication element 1050. Generally, the two-position vial communication element 1050 engages the interior of cylindrical wall 1166 resulting in friction between tubular portion 1502 and tubular portion 1160 and thus tends to retain its axial position relative to vial adapter housing portion 1014 in the absence of application of an axial force thereto by engagement with a vial. Reference is now made to Figs. 46A and 46B, which are simplified assembled view illustrations of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a pre-use operative orientation, to Figs. 47A and 47B, which are respective top and side view simplified planar illustrations thereof and to Fig. 48A and 48B, which are sectional illustrations taken along respective section lines and directions XLVIHA - XLVπiA and XLVIIIB - XLNIHB in Figs. 47A and 47B. As seen in Figs. 46A - 48B, in a pre-use operative orientation of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device, suitable for storage, the housing element 1010 is joined to the needle hub assembly 1030 by engagement of inner facing teeth 1324 into apertures 1144 formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 1136. First and second compression springs 1020 and 1022 are located mutually coaxially within housing element 1010. Compression spring 1020 is maintained under compression between forward- facing back wall surface 1154 of generally cylindrical portion 1118 of housing element 1010 and a rearward facing wall portion 1350 of hub assembly 1030. Compression spring 1022 is maintained under compression between forward facing back wall surface 1154 and rearward facing ends 1413 and 1415 of needle guard element 1040, which is slidably retained against forward movement by the positioning of curved rearward facing portions 1416 and 1418 thereof immediately rearward of teeth 1326 of needle hub assembly 1030. The needle hub assembly 1030 is retained in place by engagement of outwardly facing surfaces of inner facing teeth 1324 of rearwardly extending arms 1320 and curved rearward facing portions 1416 and 1418 of needle guard element 1040. This prevents rearwardly extending arms 1320 of needle hub assembly 1030 from bending outwardly and releasing the engagement of inner facing teeth 1324 and apertures 1144 formed in the cylindrical walls of bore 1136 of the housing element 1010. The safety tab 1060 prevents the needle guard element 1040 from moving backwards and allowing needle penetration. The two-position vial communication element 1050 is slidably seated in tubular portion 1160 of housing element 1010. Relative sliding motion between two- position vial communication element 1050 and housing element 1010 is provided by engagement of track riding protrusion 1517 of two-position vial communication element 1050 with track 1170 of housing element 1010. Additionally, engagement between slot engagement elements 1516 of two-position vial communication element 1050 with slots 1168 of housing element 1010 limits the axial displacement of the two-position vial communication element 1050 relative to the housing element 1010. As seen with particular clarity in Figs. 48A - 48B, in the absence of engagement of a vial with two-position vial communication element 1050, the two- position vial communication element 1050 is in a position wherein bore 1504 is in a position whereby it provides liquid communication between a bore 1134 of tubular portion 1110 and needle 1034. It is appreciated that the cylindrical portion 1502 of two- position vial communication element 1050 and the tubular portion 1160 are constructed such that liquid sealing is provided therebetween, whereby liquid communicating between bore 1134 and needle 1034 does not reach the interior of cylindrical portion 1164 or leak out of tubular portion 1160. Reference is now made to Fig. 49, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a vial puncture operative orientation, to Fig. 50, which is a simplified top view planar illustration thereof and to Fig. 51, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LI - LI in Fig. 50. As seen in Figs. 49 - 51, upon initial insertion of a vial 2002 into engagement with two-position vial communication element 1050, the engagement of protrusions 1522 with edge 1172 of housing element 1010 causes the spike 1510 to puncture a vial stopper 2204. Reference is now made to Fig. 52, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in vial attachment operative orientation, to Fig. 53, which is a simplified top view planar illustration thereof and to Fig. 54, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LIN - LIN in Fig. 53. As seen in Figs. 52 - 54, only after puncturing of vial stopper 2204, does two- position vial communication element 1050 move axially to a position wherein liquid communication between bore 1134 of cylindrical portion 1110 and needle 1034 is terminated and liquid communication between bore 1134 and the interior of the vial 2002 via bores 1506 and 1508 is established. As noted above, it is appreciated that the cylindrical portion 1502 of two-position vial communication element 1050 and the tubular portion 1160 are constructed such that liquid sealing is provided therebetween, whereby liquid communicating between bore 1134 and the interior of vial 2002 does not reach the needle 1034 or leak out of tubular portion 1160. Reference is now made to Fig. 55, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 in a liquid drawing operative orientation, to Fig. 56, which is a top view simplified planar illustration thereof and to Fig. 57, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LNII - LVII in Fig. 56. It is noted that the interior of a syringe 2006, coupled via cylindrical portion 1110 of housing element 1010 and bores 1506 and 1508, contains liquid drawn from the interior of vial 2002, supported in two-position vial engagement element, via spike 1510. This stage may take place after mixing liquid from multiple vials and/or reconstitution of lyophilized drugs. Reference is now made to Fig. 58, which is a simplified assembled view illustration of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device of Fig. 39 a vial detachment operative orientation, to Fig. 59, which is a simplified top view planar illustration thereof and to Fig. 60, which is a sectional illustration taken along section lines LX - LX in Fig. 59. When a user seeks to remove vial 2002 from engagement with two-position vial communication element 1050, the engagement of protrusions 1520 of fingers 1518 with the neck of the vial 2002 causes the two-position vial communication element 1050 to be displaced axially to its pre-use orientation relative to cylindrical portion 1164, in an opposite manner to that described hereinabove with reference to Figs. 49 - 54, such that once again bore 1504 is in a position whereby it provides liquid communication between bore 1134 of cylindrical portion 1110 and needle 1034. As seen in Figs. 58 - 60, due to the limitation of the axial displacement of the two-position vial communication element 1050 by engagement of slot engagement elements 1516 with slots 1168, after repositioning of the two-position vial communication element 1050, the spike 1510 is pulled out of the vial stopper 2204. At this stage the two-position vial commumcation element 1050 is in a position wherein liquid communication between bore 1134 of cylindrical portion 1110 and needle 1034 is established and liquid communication between bore 1134 and the interior of the vial 2002 via bores 1506 and 1508 is terminated. As noted above, it is appreciated that the cylindrical portion 1502 of two-position vial communication element 1050 and tubular portion 1160 are constructed such that liquid sealing is provided therebetween, whereby liquid communicating between bore 1134 and needle 1034 does not reach the interior of cylindrical portion 1164 or leak out of tubular portion 1160. At this stage, a user may remove safety tab 1060 by pulling on tab portion 1064 such that tubular portion 1062 is removed from housing element 1010, thus enabling actuation of the automatic needle functionality of the medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device. It is appreciated that once syringe 2006 contains the drug to be injected, the injection process is identical to that described hereinabove with reference to Figs. 30 - 38B. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and subcombinations of various features described hereinabove as well as modifications of such features which would occur to a person of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description and which are not in the prior art.

Claims

C L A I M S

1. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device comprising: an automatic needle assembly; and a medicinal container receptacle removably joined to said automatic needle assembly.

2. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 1 and also comprising a break-away connection joining said automatic needle assembly to said medicmal container receptacle.

3. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to either of the preceding claims and also including first and second syringe adapter elements respectively engaging said automatic needle assembly and said medicinal container receptacle.

4. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 3 and wherein said first and second syringe adapter elements are located in a side by side mutual orientation.

5. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 3 or claim 4 and wherein said first and second syringe adapter elements are located in a parallel mutual orientation.

6. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 2 - 5 and wherein said break-away connection includes a safety element which prevents actuation of said automatic needle assembly while said medicinal container receptacle is joined to said automatic needle assembly.

7. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 1 - 6 and including a safety element which prevents actuation of said automatic needle assembly while said medicinal container receptacle is joined to said automatic needle assembly.

8. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device comprising: an automatic needle assembly; and a medicinal container engagement operated communication controller having at least two operative states and providing selectable fluid communication between either of said automatic needle assembly and a medicinal container and an additional vessel.

9. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 8 and also comprising a medicinal container receptacle joined to said automatic needle assembly.

10. A medicmal container engagement and automatic needle device according to either of claim 8 and claim 9 and wherein said medicinal container comprises a sealing element, and wherein said sealing element of said medicinal container is punctured prior to a position change of said medicinal container engagement operated communication controller.

11. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 8 - 10 and wherein insertion of said medicinal container results in fluid communication between said medicinal container and said additional vessel.

12. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 8 - 11 and wherein removal of said medicinal container results in fluid communication between said automatic needle device and said additional vessel.

13. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 1 - 12 and wherein said automatic needle assembly comprises: a housing element; at least one resilient element arranged to be located within said housing element; at least one needle bearing element adapted, when actuated, to be displaced by said at least one resilient element with respect to said housing element from a non- penetration position to a penetration position; and a needle guard adapted for positioning with respect to said housing element and wherein displacement of said needle guard is operative to actuate displacement of said at least one needle bearing element from said non-penetration position to said penetration position.

14. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 13 and wherein reanvard displacement of said needle guard is operative to actuate displacement of said at least one needle bearing element from said non-penetration position to said penetration position.

15. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to either of claims 13 and 14 and also wherein said automatic needle assembly also comprises a safety element adapted to prevent inadvertent actuation of displacement of said at least one needle bearing element.

16. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 15 and wherein said safety element prevents inadvertent rearward displacement of said needle guard.

17. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 16 and wherein said at least one resilient element comprises a unitary resilient element.

18. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 17 and wherein said at least one resilient element comprises first and second coil springs.

19. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 18 and wherein said housing element includes an injection device engagement portion.

20. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 19 and wherein said housing element and said at least one needle bearing element together define a fluid pathway from said injection device engagement portion through said needle at least when said needle bearing element is in both said non-penetration position and said penetration position.

21. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 20 and wherein said needle guard is displaceable by said at least one resilient element.

22. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 21 and wherein said at least one resilient element comprises first and second compression springs wliich provide selectable forward displacement to said at least one needle bearing element.

?- j.. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 22 and wherein said needle bearing element includes a hub portion and a needle adhered thereto and extending through a septum.

24. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 23 and wherein said automatic needle assembly also comprises a safety tab operative for disabling actuation of the automatic needle device.

25. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 24 and wherein said safety tab includes a spacer portion and a tab portion.

26. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 1 - 12 and wherein said automatic needle assembly comprises: a housing element; at least one needle bearing element adapted, when actuated, to be displaced with respect to said housing element from a non-penetration position to a penetration position; and a needle guard adapted for positioning with respect to said at least one needle bearing element and with respect to said housing element in a mutually locked needle guarding orientation, whereby displacement of said needle guard in a first direction relative to said housing is prevented by engagement of said needle guard with said at least one needle bearing element and displacement of said needle guard in a second direction relative to said housing, opposite to said first direction, is prevented by engagement of said needle guard with said housing element.

27. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 26 and wherein said housing element is an integrally formed element having a generally cylindrical configuration and is generally side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis.

28. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 27 and wherein said housing element includes a rearward generally tubular portion which terminates in an open back and defines forwardly thereof a generally cylindrical portion, whose outer configuration includes top and bottom grip regions.

29. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 28 and wherein said housing element includes first and second forwardly and rearwardly tapered side protrusions.

30. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 28 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said automatic needle assembly comprises at an inner surface of said generally cylindrical portion forward and rearward inwardly extending transverse ribs and a plurality of inwardly extending longitudinal slots.

31. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 30 and wherein said automatic needle assembly comprises at an interior of a generally tubular portion thereof, a generally cylindrical bore which communicates via a tapered interface with a forward bore, disposed interiorly of a cylindrical portion, said cylindrical bore being arranged to receive a septum.

32. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 31 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said automatic needle assembly comprises apertures which are formed in cylindrical walls of said cylindrical bore in alignment along a line extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of said housing element.

33. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 28 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein a forward-facing back wall surface of said generally cylindrical portion defines a seat for said at least one resilient element.

34. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 33 and wherein said housing element is formed with a pair of side- to-side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of a needle held by said needle bearing element.

35. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 34 and wherein said needle bearing element comprises a needle hub and a needle.

36. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 35 and wherein said needle bearing element has a generally cylindrical configuration and is top-to-bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis.

37. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 35 and wherein said needle bearing element defines a generally tubular body having formed thereon a pair of up-down mutually spaced, forwardly facing, outwardly extending hook protrusions.

38. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 37 and wherein said protrusions are each associated with a rearward facing rib.

39. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 37 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein a rearwardly extending arm is formed at both a top and a bottom of said tubular body, each arm including, adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end thereof, a tapered inwardly facing tooth and forwardly thereof an outwardly facing tooth, having a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface.

40. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 37 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein top and bottom pairs of outwardly facing ribs are formed on said tubular portion, adjacent respective rearward facing ribs, said outwardly facing ribs being operative to slidably locate said needle bearing element within said needle guard.

41. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 37 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said tubular body defines a generally open back and a forward facing wall portion adjacent in which is formed a recess, wliich communicates with a narrow axial bore, arranged to receive said needle, which extends therethrough.

42. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 37 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein a rearward facing external wall portion, located at a reanvard end of said tubular body, defines a seat for said at least one resilient element.

43. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 42 and wherein said needle guard has a generally cylindrical configuration and is top-to-bottom and side-to-side symmetric about a longitudinal axis.

44. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 43 and wherein said needle guard defines a generally tubular body having formed thereon a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending, outward facing ribs, having rearward facing ends, said outward facing ribs being adapted to slidably locate said needle guard within inwardly extending longitudinal slots of said housing element.

45. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 44 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein extending rearwardly of said outwardly facing ribs there is provided a cmved rearward facing portion having a pair of inwardly facing slots formed therein, and, extending rearwardly of said ribs, there is formed a symmetrically curved rearward facing portion having a pair of ribs formed therein.

46. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 45 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said curved rearward facing portions together with said rearward facing ends define a seat for a spring forming part of said at least one resilient element.

47. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 45 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said inwardly facing slots are operative to slidably locate said needle bearing element within said needle guard, by allowing said outwardly facing ribs to slide therein.

48. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 44 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein a rearwardly extending arm is formed at each side of said tubular body, each of said arms including adjacent an extreme rearwardly facing end thereof, an outwardly facing tooth, having an inclined forward surface and a transversely extending rearwardly facing surface.

49. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 44 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said tubular body defines a generally open back and a fonvard facing wall portion, defining an injection site engagement surface.

50. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 49 or any claim depending therefrom and wherein said injection site engagement surface includes a pair of mutually concentric circles of mutually spaced forwardly extending protrusions and said forward facing wall portion is formed with an axial bore, arranged to allow a needle to extend therethrough.

51. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 50 and λvherein said needle guard is formed with a pair of side-to- side symmetric windows, to allow viewing of the tip of a needle.

52. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to any of claims 13 - 51 and wherein, in a pre-use operative orientation suitable for storage, said housing element is joined to said needle bearing element by snap fit engagement of inner facing teeth formed on said needle bearing element into apertures formed in cylindrical walls of said housing element.

53. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 52 and any claim depending therefrom and wherein said at least one resilient element comprises first and second compression springs, said first compression spring being maintained under compression between fonvard-facing back wall surface of a generally cylindrical portion of said housing element and a reanvard facing wall portion of said needle bearing element and said second compression spring being maintained under compression between said forward facing back wall surface and rearward facing ends of said needle guard, which is slidably retained against disassembly forward movement by the positioning of curved rearward facing portions thereof immediately rearward of said inner facing teeth of said needle bearing element

54. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 52 and any claim depending therefrom and wherein said needle bearing element is retained in its place by engagement of rearwardly outwardly facing surfaces of said inner facing teeth with curved rearward facing portions of said needle guard, thus preventing rearwardly extending arms of said needle bearing element from bending outwardly and releasing the snap fit engagement of said inner facing teeth and apertures formed in the cylindrical walls of said cylindrical bore of said housing element.

55. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 52 and any claim depending therefrom and wherein due to engagement of said needle guard with an injection site on a body, said needle guard is forced, against the urging of said at least one resilient element, to move axially in a rearward direction with respect to the remainder of the automatic needle device, thus sliding said curved rearward facing portions thereof further rearward of said outwardly facing teeth of said needle bearing element, thus allowing said arms of said needle bearing element to cantilever outwardly.

56. A medicinal container engagement and automatic needle device according to claim 52 and any claim depending therefrom and wherein at all times said needle sealingly and slidably engages a septum.