WO2005052605A1 - A detector circuit to be used for measuring current - Google Patents
A detector circuit to be used for measuring current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005052605A1 WO2005052605A1 PCT/DK2004/000820 DK2004000820W WO2005052605A1 WO 2005052605 A1 WO2005052605 A1 WO 2005052605A1 DK 2004000820 W DK2004000820 W DK 2004000820W WO 2005052605 A1 WO2005052605 A1 WO 2005052605A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- signal
- detector circuit
- ring
- ring core
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
- G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
- G01R15/185—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
- H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
- H01F38/28—Current transformers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a detector circuit to be used for measuring current by means of substantially identically wound ring core transformers, in which magnetomotive forces are induced, by a main current, said magnetomotive forces being counteracted by magnetomotive forces induced by a compensating current, and. where a magnetization is carried out in antiphase by means of a modulation current, said detector circuit optionally also including a synchronous rectifier for generating an adjusting signal for the compensating current, and where means are provided for compensating for possible dif- ferences between the two ring core transformers.
- Danish Patent No. 149238 discloses a zero-flux current transformer for measuring the current for an electromagnet in a particle accelerator.
- the main current is advantageously converted into a comparatively weaker measuring current which is easy to handle, and which is passed through a measuring resistor.
- the voltage drop across the measuring resistor can be used as a measurement representing the value of the main current.
- the known zero-flux current transformers are formed by a combination of a magnetic integrator and a 2nd harmonic modulator.
- a magnetic integrator includes a ring core of a ferromagnetic material, said ring core being provided with a primary winding, a secondary winding and a sensing winding.
- the sensing winding communi- cates with the inlet terminals of an amplifier driving the secondary current through a measuring resistor. Therefore an alteration of the magnetic flux in the ring core induces a voltage in the sensing winding, and this voltage affects the amplifier in such a manner that said magnetic flux generates a compensating current which counteracts the alteration of the flux caused by the primary current.
- the magnetomotive forces generated by the current through the primary winding are equalized by the magnetomotive forces generated by the current through the secondary winding in such a manner that a specific relationship exists between the current value in the primary winding and the current value in the secondary winding.
- the magnetic integrator cannot handle DC and very low frequencies, and ac- cordingly it is necessary to include a separate circuit for this function.
- a circuit is formed by a magnetic modulator including two identically wound ring cores and a driver circuit.
- the ring cores are driven in saturation, and at a balance/"zero flux" the current curves are symmetrical relative to zero with the result that the contents of equal harmonics are zero. Therefore it is possible to use either a direct, symmetrical detection by means of a window comparator/Schmitt trigger or a second harmonic detector using synchronous rectification of the current signal presenting the double frequency of the modulation signal. In both cases an output signal is obtained which is zero at a balancing between the primary and the secondary ampere winding number.
- An unbalance results in a voltage of an amplitude and a polarity which depend on the degree and polar- ity of said unbalance.
- One ring core suffices for carrying out the latter detector function, but it is necessary to involve two cores in antiphase in order to prevent the compensating circuit from suppressing the detection and in order to prevent the modulation signal from disturbing the magnetic integrator through a magnetic coupling.
- the two cores cannot be completely identical.
- US patent No. 4 536 706 discloses a magnetic current sensor for measuring the currents in a telephone circuit, i.e. relatively weak currents.
- This current sensor includes an offset correction circuit, and this offset correction circuit is only capable of carrying out an offset correction while the measuring of the current has been interrupted.
- the object of the invention is therefore to show how it is possible in a simple manner to carry out a correction while the measuring of the current is carried out.
- This object is according to the invention obtained by the means for compensating for possible differences between the ring core transformers being formed by a common winding sur- rounding the two ring cores, said common winding detecting a possible error signal used in a negative feedback loop which automatically seeks to establish an equilibrium.
- An active compensation may according to the invention be carried out by one core be- ing used as a detector, viz. a master, while the second core is used as a slave. Then a winding surrounding both cores catches a difference signal/error signal which is amplified and added to the control signal for the slave core with the result that the signal coupled to the compensating circuit is reduced approximately 50 times.
- a negative feedback loop may according to the invention be provided for establishing the compensation, said negative feedback loop being provided by adding the error signal to the modulation signal in such a manner that said error signal is reduced.
- the modulation signal can be generated either from the outside or by means of a built- in multivibrator, optionally a multivibrator including a Schmitt trigger.
- Two cores are supplied with modulation signals, and in order to compensate for said two cores being allowed to go into saturation, an additional core can be added, said additional core not entering saturation because it is not supplied with a modulation signal. As a result, a reduction of approximately 500 to 1000 times is obtained.
- Fig. 1 illustrates an astable detector circuit with a zero detector noise reduction and including three ring cores
- Fig. 2 illustrates an astable detector circuit with a zero detector noise reduction and in- eluding four ring cores
- Fig. 3 illustrates a detector circuit including three ring cores, a modulation signal being applied from the outside, and
- Fig. 4 illustrates a detector circuit including four ring cores, a modulation signal being applied from the outside.
- the detector circuit shown in Fig. 1 is to be used for measuring strong currents, and it includes three substantially identical ring cores 1, 2, 3.
- a main current I 5 flows through the three substantially identical ring cores and induces magnetomotive forces which are to be counteracted by a compensating current i 4 .
- a modulation signal in form of a square wave signal of a frequency of a few hundred Hz is fed to two of these ring cores 2, 3, the square wave signal fed to the first ring core 2 being inverted relative to the square wave signal fed to the second ring core 3.
- the two ring cores 2, 3 are magnetized in antiphase in such a manner that both the unequal and the equal harmonics are substantially compensated for through a coupling via the windings LI, L4 and L5.
- the invention is based on the fact that the average flux in the ring cores is zero when an equilibrium or a balance exists between the fields induced by the main current and the compensating current.
- the magnet- izing current in the modulation windings include equal harmonics where the second harmonic is the most important harmonic. A detection of the latter second harmonic results in a DC signal corresponding to the unbalance being derived, said DC signal being used for controlling an amplifier in such a manner that the balance between the magnetomotive forces induced by the primary current and the secondary current is re- established.
- FIG. 1 A specific embodiment of such a detector circuit appears from Fig. 1.
- the modulation signal is generated by means of a Schmirt trigger A4, the output of which communicates with a first terminal of the winding L2, and the input of which communicates with the second terminal of the winding L2.
- This circuit is astable.
- the voltage drop across the winding L2 decreases to almost zero, and the voltage drop across the resistance Rl (50 ⁇ ) increases just at the moment when a positive voltage is applied onto the winding L2 in such a manner that a positive voltage is applied onto the input of the Schmirt trigger A4.
- This positive voltage has the effect that a current flows through the winding L2 and causes the ring core 2 to be saturated, whereafter the Schmitt trigger A4 alters its state in such a manner that an astable circuit is provided.
- the square wave signal at the output of the Schmitt trigger A4 is also transmitted to the input of an amplifier A5, the output of which feeds the winding L3.
- the winding L3 is fed with a square wave signal in antiphase relative to the square wave signal fed to the winding L2.
- the signal value across the resistance Rl corresponds to the signal value at the inlet of the Schmitt trigger A4.
- a low-pass amplifier A3 the signal value across the resistance Rl is also transmitted to an adding unit in which it is added to a signal detected by the winding LI so as to provide the compensating current i 4 .
- the latter compensating current is capable of compensating for both slow and fast variations in the main current I 5 .
- means are according to the invention provided for compensating for the two ring cores 2, 3 not being completely identical.
- These means include a common winding L6 surrounding the two ring cores 2, 3.
- the common winding L6 detects a possible error signal i 6 , which is added to the modulation signal transmitted to the ring core 3.
- the error signal is transmitted in such a manner that a negative feedback loop is established, said negative feedback loop automatically seeking to establish an equilib- rium.
- the modulation signal to the ring core 3 is altered until the error signal is substantially zero.
- the error signal cannot be exactly zero.
- the latter is inter alia due to the fact that mainly the adjustment is only efficient as long as the ring core 3 is not in saturation, which, if desired, can be compensated for by including a further ring core 4 not going into saturation because it is not supplied with a modulation signal.
- the compensating means include a common winding L6 surrounding the three ring cores 2, 3, 4.
- This common winding L6 detects a possible error signal originating from the ring cores 2 and 3, and this error signal is used for influencing the magnetizing in the ring core 4.
- an additional reduction of the error signal is obtained and consequently a very accurate measuring of the main current I 5 is obtained.
- the astable circuit has been replaced by a circuit which is positively operated from the outside by a modulation signal in form of an AC signal transmitted to the winding L2, said AC signal preferably being a square wave signal of a frequency of a few hundred Hz, and by an AC signal, preferably in the form of a square wave signal, being transmitted to the winding L3 and being inverted relative to the above signal.
- a modulation signal in form of an AC signal transmitted to the winding L2 said AC signal preferably being a square wave signal of a frequency of a few hundred Hz
- an AC signal preferably in the form of a square wave signal
- the signal voltage across the resistance Rl is transmitted to an amplifier A3 and amplified, whereafter the amplified signal voltage is multiplied with a signal of the frequency 2 f, viz. synchronous rectification.
- the mixed signal is then added to the signal detected by the winding LI.
- means can according to the invention be provided for compensating for the two ring cores 2, 3 not being completely identical, cf. Fig. 3.
- these means are formed by a common winding L6 surrounding the two ring cores 2, 3, said common winding L6 detecting a possible error signal being added to the modula- tion signal transmitted to the ring core 3.
- the error signal is transmitted in such a manner that a negative feedback loop is established, said negative feedback loop automatically seeking to establish an equilibrium. In other words, the modulation signal to the ring core 3 is altered until the error signal is substantially zero.
- the adjustment is only efficient as long as the ring core 3 is not in saturation.
- An additional ring core 4 can be added, cf. Fig. 4, in order to compensate for the above situation, said additional ring core not entering saturation because no modulation signal is transmitted to this core 4.
- the above compensating means are formed by a common winding L6 across the three ring cores 2, 3, 4, said common winding L6 detecting a possible error signal originating from the ring cores 2 and 3 and being utilized for influencing the magnetizing in the ring core 4.
- the described detector circuits can for instance be used for measuring strong currents, viz. magnetizing currents for particle accelerators.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
- Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/579,967 US7388363B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-26 | Detector circuit to be used for measuring current |
DE602004005491T DE602004005491T2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-26 | DETECTOR CIRCUIT FOR USE IN A CURRENT MEASUREMENT |
EP04797481A EP1687645B1 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-26 | A detector circuit to be used for measuring current |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK200301752A DK176607B1 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2003-11-27 | Detector circuit for use in current measurement |
DKPA200301752 | 2003-11-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005052605A1 true WO2005052605A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
Family
ID=34626324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DK2004/000820 WO2005052605A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-26 | A detector circuit to be used for measuring current |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7388363B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1687645B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100437124C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE357667T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004005491T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK176607B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005052605A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005045537B3 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-12-28 | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy | Device for determining a magnetic field strength of an electromagnet comprises a measuring unit for determining the magnetic field of the electromagnet, a low-pass element, a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter |
US7667452B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2010-02-23 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. | Detector circuit for measuring current |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011017618A (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-27 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | Electric current sensor |
DE102011110648A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Universität Stuttgart | Current sensor for measuring high-current required for electric drive of motor car, has evaluation circuit that is adapted to determine change in non-constant excitation current recorded evaluate signals for current measurement |
DE112012003417A5 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2014-04-30 | Universität Stuttgart | ammeter |
US8829901B2 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2014-09-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of using a magnetoresistive sensor in second harmonic detection mode for sensing weak magnetic fields |
KR101329240B1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-11-20 | 이상철 | Non-contact current measuring apparatus using flux gate |
CN103424596A (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2013-12-04 | 国家电网公司 | Acquiring and amplifying device of passive AC micro-current |
CN105807117B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2020-01-31 | 苏州普源精电科技有限公司 | Current sensing circuit for current measuring probe and current measuring probe thereof |
US9618541B1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-04-11 | Neilsen-Kuljian, Inc. | Apparatus, method and device for sensing DC currents |
CN108362925B (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2020-03-17 | 西安交通大学 | Zero-flux large-current detection system and method for magnetic field cancellation of double-8-shaped three-wire |
CN113866477B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-07-05 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Four-magnetic-core six-coil magnetic modulation high-precision ultra-large aperture current detection method and system |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0261707A1 (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-03-30 | Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. | Measuring circuit for continuous, accurate measurement of direct and alternating current |
EP0314234A1 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-05-03 | Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. | Circuit for the detection of an asymmetry in the magnetization current of a magnetic modulator |
JP2003315374A (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2003-11-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Direct current leak detection device |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4536706A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1985-08-20 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Magnetic current sensor |
US4952853A (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1990-08-28 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for sensing direct current of one polarity in a conductor and electronically commutated motor control responsive to sensed motor current |
CN2088257U (en) * | 1991-01-07 | 1991-11-06 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | A.c. voltage power type current detector with compensator |
CH684216A5 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1994-07-29 | Lem Liaisons Electron Mec | Device for measuring currents. |
-
2003
- 2003-11-27 DK DK200301752A patent/DK176607B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-11-26 WO PCT/DK2004/000820 patent/WO2005052605A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-11-26 DE DE602004005491T patent/DE602004005491T2/en active Active
- 2004-11-26 EP EP04797481A patent/EP1687645B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-11-26 US US10/579,967 patent/US7388363B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-26 CN CNB200480034014XA patent/CN100437124C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-26 AT AT04797481T patent/ATE357667T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0261707A1 (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-03-30 | Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. | Measuring circuit for continuous, accurate measurement of direct and alternating current |
EP0314234A1 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-05-03 | Holec Systemen En Componenten B.V. | Circuit for the detection of an asymmetry in the magnetization current of a magnetic modulator |
JP2003315374A (en) * | 2002-04-18 | 2003-11-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Direct current leak detection device |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7667452B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2010-02-23 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. | Detector circuit for measuring current |
DE102005045537B3 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-12-28 | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Desy | Device for determining a magnetic field strength of an electromagnet comprises a measuring unit for determining the magnetic field of the electromagnet, a low-pass element, a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter |
US7898243B2 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2011-03-01 | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron | Device for determining the strength of the magnetic field of an electromagnet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602004005491T2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
DK200301752A (en) | 2005-05-28 |
US7388363B2 (en) | 2008-06-17 |
CN1882842A (en) | 2006-12-20 |
EP1687645A1 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
DE602004005491D1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
ATE357667T1 (en) | 2007-04-15 |
US20070145968A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
EP1687645B1 (en) | 2007-03-21 |
CN100437124C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
DK176607B1 (en) | 2008-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1807707B1 (en) | Detector circuit for measuring current | |
EP1687645B1 (en) | A detector circuit to be used for measuring current | |
US6984979B1 (en) | Measurement and control of magnetomotive force in current transformers and other magnetic bodies | |
EP2871485B1 (en) | Current detection device | |
JP6410827B2 (en) | Resonant impedance sensing with negative impedance control loop | |
US7372354B2 (en) | Detector circuit to be used for measuring current | |
GB2432008A (en) | Current sensor | |
US6674278B1 (en) | AC current detection device | |
WO2022037099A1 (en) | Low-cost current sensor | |
CN112362953A (en) | Direct current bias current detection device | |
JPH09171935A (en) | Zero flux ct | |
CN113075605A (en) | Zero offset calibration method for magnetic modulation DCCT | |
JP2006112833A (en) | Inductance measuring instrument | |
FI90143B (en) | Measuring transducer for current, operating according to the compensation principle | |
JPS6042666A (en) | Background magnetic field compensating circuit of magnetometer | |
JP2747043B2 (en) | DC bias detection method for transformer core | |
CN117110693A (en) | Self-excitation type fluxgate current sensor, measuring method and electronic equipment | |
JPS63113389A (en) | Metal detector | |
JPS5827849B2 (en) | electromagnetic flow meter | |
JPH06284725A (en) | Push-pull-type power supply | |
JPS6233551B2 (en) | ||
JPH0766013B2 (en) | DC bias magnetism detection circuit | |
JPH01291665A (en) | Cross magnetization preventive device for matching transformer | |
JPH02291973A (en) | Current sensor | |
CS262488B1 (en) | Circuit for compensation of earth magnetic field influence in magnetic apparatus for alternating magnetic measurments |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200480034014.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004797481 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007145968 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10579967 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: DE |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004797481 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2004797481 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10579967 Country of ref document: US |