WO2005030789A1 - Adrenergic receptor snp for improved milking characteristics - Google Patents
Adrenergic receptor snp for improved milking characteristics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005030789A1 WO2005030789A1 PCT/US2004/030774 US2004030774W WO2005030789A1 WO 2005030789 A1 WO2005030789 A1 WO 2005030789A1 US 2004030774 W US2004030774 W US 2004030774W WO 2005030789 A1 WO2005030789 A1 WO 2005030789A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dna
- milking
- allele
- beta2
- pair
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6827—Hybridisation assays for detection of mutation or polymorphism
- C12Q1/683—Hybridisation assays for detection of mutation or polymorphism involving restriction enzymes, e.g. restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/124—Animal traits, i.e. production traits, including athletic performance or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to the field of molecular biology, human and bovine genetics, and desirable milking characteristics. In particular this invention provides a method for using genetics to predict the milking characteristics of cows.
- Various publications or patent are referred to throughout this application to describe the state of the art to which the invention pertains. Each of this publications or patents is incorporated by reference herein. Complete citations of scientific publications are set forth in the text or at the end of the specification.
- ADRB2 bovine beta2-adrenergic receptor
- a method for breeding cows for improved milking characteristics including the step of screening the genotype of the parents of the cow for the allele associated with a desired SCS phenotype.
- the method has the steps of obtaining a DNA sample from a bull to be tested for the desired SCS phenotype; and detecting the presence of an adenine at position 11 in a gene encoding a bovine beta2-adrenoreceptor.
- the method can be performed by direct sequencing, primer extension, restriction length fragment polymorphism, and allele-specific hybridization.
- a method of identifies a bull whose daughter cows have a short milking duration
- This method has the steps of obtaining a sample of DNA from a bull; combining the DNA with a pair of PCR probes comprising SEQ IDs 1 and 2 or SEQ IDS 3 and 4; incubating the DNA under conditions permitting the DNA bounded by the PCR probes to produce DNA amplicons; isolating the DNA amplicons; combining the DNA amplicons with a restriction enzyme specific for CCCGGG for a sufficient time to produce a mixture of DNA fragments from the amplicons comprising CCCGGG; applying the DNA fragment mixture to a gel and permitting migration of the mixture components for a time sufficient for them to separate; and observing the sizes of DNA on the gel, with the largest fragments being correlated with the A genotype and with better SCS phenotype, and the smaller fragments being associated with the C genotype and less desirable SCS phenotype.
- a milking attribute PCR-RFLP kit contains a pair of primers which flank the 11 th nucleotide position of the bovine beta2-adrenoreceptor gene, and a restriction enzyme specific for the CCCGGG site.
- the restriction enzyme can be Smal.
- the primer pairs are selected from pair 1 (SEQ ID Nos 1 and 2) or from pair 2 (SEQ ID Nos 3 and
- ADR2 bovine beta2-adrenoceptor
- oligonucleotide primers to be used to amplify and perform locus-specific re-sequencing of genomic DNA spanning regions of the bovine ADRB2 gene. These primers were used to amplify genomic DNA from 24 Holstein and 12 Brown Swiss dairy cows. After comparative genomic sequence was obtained, we analyzed the sequence using polyPhred software (Washington University, St. Louis, MO) and identified, among others, a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequence at position 11, inclusive of the start ATG (hereafter referred to as "Al 1C"). The published sequence indicates the presence of a cytosine (C) nucleotide.
- SNP Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
- PCR-RFLP polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
- This polymorphism was found to be associated with milking characteristics.
- the A allele at the A11C locus is associated with higher somatic cell score (SMS) and therefore with a faster milking speed.
- SMS somatic cell score
- the A allele is effective in both the heterozygous and homozygous conditions to improve the performance of the animal.
- Polymorphism refers generally to the ability of an organism or gene to occur in two or more different forms. In particular for purposes of the present invention, “polymorphism” refers to two or more different forms of the same gene.
- SNP Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
- a “Restriction Enzyme” refers to an endonuclease which bins to double stranded
- Restriction enzymes are denoted by three-letter abbreviations followed by a strain designation and/or a Roman numeral distinguishing different enzymes from the same species or strain. Recognition sequences are written 5' to 3' for one strand only. Examples of restriction enzymes include Smal, BamHi, Bell, EcoRL Hindlll, and Xbal.
- allelic refers generally to any of one or more alternative forms of a given gene or DNA segment; both or all alleles of a given gene are concerned with the same trait or characteristic, but the product or function coded for by a particular allele differs qualitatively and/or quantitatively from that coded for by other alleles of that gene.
- allelic pair i.e., the two alleles of a given gene
- the polynucleotides of the present invention may be prepared by two general methods: (1) They may be synthesized from appropriate nucleotide triphosphates, or (2) they may be isolated from biological sources. Both methods utilize protocols well known in the art. The availability of nucleotide sequence information enables preparation of an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention by oligonucleotide synthesis. Synthetic oligonucleotides may be prepared by the phosphoramidite method employed in the Applied Biosystems 37A DNA Synthesizer or similar devices.
- the resultant construct may be purified according to methods known in the art, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
- Complementary segments thus produced may be annealed such that each segment possesses appropriate cohesive termini for attachment of an adjacent segment.
- Adjacent segments maybe ligated by annealing cohesive termini in the presence of DNA ligase to construct an entire long double-stranded molecule.
- a synthetic DNA molecule so constructed may then be cloned and amplified in an appropriate vector.
- Example 1 Assessment of mRNA levels in leukocytes of cows with fast vs. slow-milking rates.
- Eight animals were selected by the duration of their milking and grouped as either slow or fast. For initial determinations, slow-milking animals were numbered 90, 264, 279 and 321. Fast-milking animals were numbered 272, 273, 281 and 289. Their blood (about 15 mL) was collected in EDTA-filled Vacutainers (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ).
- Known sequences from NCBI along with the program "Oligo" were used to design primer sets specific for GAPDH, alpha2-, beta 1-, beta2-adrenoreceptors, and beta-arrestin.
- Buffer RLT (Qiagen)(with 10 ⁇ l jS-mercaptoethanol added per 1 ml buffer) was added to the leukocytes; for a starting blood volume of 4.0 ml or less, 2.0 ml was added; and for a greater blood volume, 4.0 ml was added.
- the mixture was homogenized until the sample was homogeneous.
- An equal volume of 70% alcohol was added to the homogenized lysate and vigorously shaken.
- RNA was eluted from the column adding 150 ⁇ l or 250 ⁇ l RNase-free water to the column, which was left to stand for 1 min and then centrifuged at 3000-5000 g for 3 min. A second volume of RNase- free water was added to the column and spun down. The RNA was then salt-precipitated according to the manufacturer's protocol.
- RNA sample purified as described above were added 0.1 volume of 10X DNase I Buffer and 1 ⁇ l of DNase I (2 units) to the RNA, which solution was mixed gently and incubated at 37°C for 20-30 min.
- Ambion DNase Inactivation reagent was resuspended by flicking or vortexing. From that tube, the greater of 0.1 volume or 5 ⁇ l was added to the sample and mixed well. The tube was incubated for 2 min at room temperature. The tube was next centrifuged at 10,000 g for about 1 min to pellet the DNase inactivation reagent.
- RNA concentration was then used to determine RNA concentration, and 1 ⁇ g
- RNA using Omniscript (Qiagen) for Real Time PCR analysis The Omniscript 10X Buffer RT, dNTP mix and RNase-free water were first thawed and mixed by vortexing. Qiagen RNase inhibitor was diluted to a final concentration of 10 units/ ⁇ l in lx Buffer RT and mixed by vortexing briefly. Master mix (2.0 ⁇ l of lOx Buffer RT, 2.0 ⁇ l dNTP mix, 2.0 ⁇ l oligo dT primer (10 uM), 0.5 ⁇ l Rnase inhibitor (10 units/ ⁇ l), 1.0 ⁇ l Omniscript reverse transcriptase and double distilled water) was prepared on ice. Master solution was distributed to the various tubes, and template RNA (0.6 to 0.68 ⁇ l/tube) was added and mixed. The resulting solutions were incubated at 37°C for 60 min.
- Bovine DNAs are available from the Cooperative Dairy DNA Repository
- CDDR CDDR population
- MS milking speed
- Table 2 contains average estimated transmitting abilities (ETA) for
- results from statistical analyses of the data indicate that genotypes AA, AC and CC are significantly different from the mean SCS (p ⁇ 0.025) and that genotypes AA and AC are significantly higher than the mean SCS (p ⁇ 0.01). Furthermore, animals with the CC genotype have significantly different (i.e., lower) SCS phenotypes than animals with AA and AC genotypes (p ⁇ 0.05).
- Table 3 shows the distribution of milking speed (MS) classifications according to genotype
- Table 4 illustrates the average ETA for MS by genotype. Because of the small number of AA animals, there is not a significant association between MS and Al lC genotype at the 5% level. However, the trend in Table 3 clearly shows that the CC genotype has a lower proportion of bulls transmitting fast MS.
- the assay results correlate with the SCS and enable the choice of animals with improved MS and mastitis resistance.
- these discoveries can also be used to select animals in an attempt to effect population changes in MS and mastitis resistance. Applying the assay will enable the selection of animals with SCS which will ultimately improve the herd averages for MS and mastitis resistance.
- This invention also includes a kit containing reagents that can be used to identify allelic composition at the loci described herein.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0414583-6A BRPI0414583A (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-21 | methods for rearing cows with the desired milking characteristics and for identifying a bull whose calf will have a faster milking time, and milking attribute pcr-rflp kit |
CA002539551A CA2539551A1 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-21 | Adrenergic receptor snp for improved milking characteristics |
EP04784592A EP1673382A4 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-21 | Adrenergic receptor snp for improved milking characteristics |
US10/572,989 US20070209084A1 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2004-09-21 | Adrenergic Receptor SNP for Improved Milking Characteristics |
AU2004276248A AU2004276248A1 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-21 | Adrenergic receptor SNP for improved milking characteristics |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US50511303P | 2003-09-23 | 2003-09-23 | |
US60/505,113 | 2003-09-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005030789A1 true WO2005030789A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
Family
ID=34392977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/030774 WO2005030789A1 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-21 | Adrenergic receptor snp for improved milking characteristics |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1673382A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100422202C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004276248A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0414583A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2539551A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2006113558A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005030789A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008140467A3 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2016-06-09 | Pfizer Inc. | Genetic markers and methods for improving dairy productivity and fitness traits |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101693923B (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2012-02-22 | 山东奥克斯生物技术有限公司 | HSP70A1A gene SNP loci, application and kit for selecting heat-resistant cows |
CN110106250B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-11-27 | 中国农业大学 | Molecular marker related to resistance of metabolic diseases of dairy cows in perinatal period and application of molecular marker |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020137069A1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2002-09-26 | Hong Yu | Beta 2 adrenergic polymorphism detection |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5041371A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1991-08-20 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Genetic marker for superior milk products in dairy cattle |
US6498009B1 (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2002-12-24 | University Of Cincinnati | β-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms |
-
2004
- 2004-09-21 WO PCT/US2004/030774 patent/WO2005030789A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-21 CA CA002539551A patent/CA2539551A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-21 CN CNB2004800271385A patent/CN100422202C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-21 BR BRPI0414583-6A patent/BRPI0414583A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-21 RU RU2006113558/13A patent/RU2006113558A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-21 AU AU2004276248A patent/AU2004276248A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-21 EP EP04784592A patent/EP1673382A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020137069A1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2002-09-26 | Hong Yu | Beta 2 adrenergic polymorphism detection |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Title |
---|
BAREILLE, N. ET AL.: "Modification of feed intake response to a beta2-agonist by bovine somatotropin in lactating or dry dairy cows", JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, vol. 80, 1995, pages 55 - 66, XP002984838 * |
DATABASE GENBANK [online] EINSPANIER, R. ET AL.: "Expression of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor in the cattle", XP002984837, accession no. NCBI Database accession no. Z86037 * |
HAMMON, H.M. ET AL.: "Distribution and density of alpha-and beta-adreneregic receptor binding sites in the bovine mammary gland", JOURNAL OF DAIRY RESEARCH, vol. 61, 1994, pages 47 - 57, XP008044554 * |
JAHN, G.A. AND DEIS, R.P.: "Involvement of the adrenergic system on the release of prolactin and lactogenesis at the end of preganancy in the rat", JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, vol. 129, 1991, pages 343 - 350, XP008044555 * |
ROETS, E. ET AL.: "Relationship between milkability and adrenocetpro concentrations inteat tissue in primiparous cows", J. DAIRY SCI, vol. 69, 1986, pages 3120 - 3130, XP008044551 * |
ROETS, E. ET AL.: "Relationship between numbers of alpha2- and beta2 adrenoceptors in teat tissue and bloodcells and milkability of primparous cows", J. DAIRY SCI, vol. 72, 1989, pages 3304 - 3313, XP008044552 * |
ROETS, E. ET AL.: "Relationship between numbers of alpha2- and beta2-adrenoceptors on blood cells of bulls and milkability of their daughters", JOURNAL OF DAIRY RESEARCH, vol. 62, 16 March 1995 (1995-03-16), pages 567 - 575, XP008044553 * |
See also references of EP1673382A4 * |
WELLNER, ET AL.: "Functional beta-adrenergic receptors in a human mammary cell line (HBL-100)", BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, vol. 37, 1988, pages 3035 - 3037, XP002984839 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008140467A3 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2016-06-09 | Pfizer Inc. | Genetic markers and methods for improving dairy productivity and fitness traits |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0414583A (en) | 2006-11-07 |
RU2006113558A (en) | 2007-11-10 |
EP1673382A4 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
CN1852916A (en) | 2006-10-25 |
CA2539551A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
EP1673382A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
AU2004276248A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
CN100422202C (en) | 2008-10-01 |
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