WO2005023370A2 - Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture - Google Patents
Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005023370A2 WO2005023370A2 PCT/RU2004/000342 RU2004000342W WO2005023370A2 WO 2005023370 A2 WO2005023370 A2 WO 2005023370A2 RU 2004000342 W RU2004000342 W RU 2004000342W WO 2005023370 A2 WO2005023370 A2 WO 2005023370A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- cooling
- gas
- mixture
- mixtures
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment, specifically to means for cooling and filtration of a gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture (GAFEM) that is formed during burning of pyrotechnical charges in the generator. Cooling and filtration are steps in the process of formation of GAFEM and are aimed to enhance the GAFEM efficiency by means of decreasing the temperature and toxicity. As a result, the field of use of aerosol generators is extended considerably, in particular, to different structures and spaces without harmful effect on human body.
- GAFEM gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture
- Cooling and simultaneous filtration of GAFEM is a promising direction in the GAFEM formation.
- these processes are accomplished through the interaction of GAFEM with ompounds characterized by high heat-absorbin capacity, selected from the group of aluminisolicates, e.g. zeolites, silica gels or mixures thereof.
- the cooling is achieved by passing GAFEM through a metal heat exchanger; subsequently additional cooling and simultaneous filtration are realized by passing the GAFEM through a filtering sorbent selected from the group consisting of zeolites, silica gels, activated carbon or mixtures thereof.
- the filtering sorbent can additionally contain on its surface carbonates or alkali metal hydrates.
- the above inventions have several significant shortcomings - they cannot be used in aerosol generators with pyrotechnical charges having high ( over 1000 deg C) combustion temperature and high ( over 3 mm/sec) speed of burning. The reason is that at temperatures above 800 deg.C, zeolite, silica gel granules experience strong thermal fluctuations and eventually break down. The result is that the sorbent filtering efficiency drops to zero. Furthermore, broken loose incondescent particles fly out of the generator outlet and can be the cause of re-ignition or even a fire in the event of false operation of the generator.. In some generators (e.g.
- a composition for cooling the fire-extinguishing aerosol is known (RU 2120318, 20.10. 1998) which contains as a binder carboxy-methylcellulose and/or polyvinylacettate, or polyvinyl alcohol, production process additives ( kaolin, sodium or zinc stearate, industrial or instrumental oil) and a heat-absorbing fille r- basic magnesium carbonate or ammonium oxalate, basic magnesium phosphate in the amount of 25-45% by mass.
- this composition has the following shortcomings: - low strength level ( 0.63-0.75 MPa) of the tablets formed during the poiduction of the composition;
- cooling composition for gas generators protected by patent RU 2166975, 20.05.2001.
- This cooling composition contains in percent by mas the following componenets: 20-60 magnesium hydroxide and/or basic magnesium carbonate; 10-20 boric acid; and the remainder - carbonates of group I or II metals.
- the cooling composition can also contain, % by mass, sodium bicarbonate -10-55; magnesium oxide- 10-40; hydrated calcium sulphate
- the cooling composition can further contain oxidizers 10-45, % by mass, such as nitrates, perchlorates, permanganates, alkali metal chromates or percarbonates, or peroxides of alkali-earth metals.
- the cooling composition contains production process additives in the amount of 0.5-3.0 % by mass, selected from the series of alkali metal stearates, or alkali- earth metal stearates, or carboxy methyl cellulose, or methylcellulose, or gelatin.
- the average concentration of carbon oxide at the generator outlet is 0.7-2.2 percent by volume. Tablets formed from this cooling composition have compression strength of 04.-2.1 Mpa.
- This cooling composition has he following disadvantages:
- the cooling composition comprises boric acid which has a relatively low melting point (170.9 deg C) and acts as a cementing agent.
- boric acid undergoes melting within a short span of time, to cause the tablets to break down; the coolant components stick together and their surface gets clogged up with the products of desintegration and melting;
- the objective of the proposed invention has been to create a composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture which would make it possible to obtain a one-step solution of the following tasks: - enhancing the efficiency of the GAFEM cooling at the output of the generator by increasing the content of the heat-absorbing filler of the composition to 90% by mass; - enhancing the fire-extinguishing efficiency of the composition by increasing the proportion of the most active, 1 - 2 mem in size, fire-extinguishing particles of the aerosol due to filtering the aerosol; - enhancing the levels of the strength characteristics of tablets, granules formed from the composition owing to the use of a new set of componenets, comprising the inorganic binder, heat-absorbing filler, ozidizer, sorbent and production process additives; - enhnbcing the GAFEM envirionmental safety by using a sorbent capable of sorbing noxious
- the proposed composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas- aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture contains: - as a heat-absoring filler - basic carbonate of magnesium and/or carbonates of group I or II metals in the amount of 25-90% by mass; - an oxidizer - nitrate, potassium perchlorate or a mixture thereof in the amount of 1 - 10% by mass; - production process additives - graphite, sodium or calcium stearate or a mixture thereof in the amount of 0.2-1.5% by mass.
- - As an inorganic binder - potassium chloride alkali metal silicate of the general formula Me 2 O .
- sorbent is the remainder.
- the sorbent is selected from the group consisting of zeolites, silica gels or a mixture thereof. Out of the claimed wide range of component concentrations, their actual ratios are determined based on the technological balance and functional applicability considerations.
- a comparative analysis of the claimed composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the GAFEM with its closes analogues revealed its following distinguishing characteristics: a) the inorganic binder: potassium chlroide, alkali metal silicate of the general formula Me 2 O.mSiO 2 , where M is potassium or sodium, m is the silicate component equal to 2.1 - 3.8, or a mixture thereof.
- the inorganic binder potassium chlroide, alkali metal silicate of the general formula Me 2 O.mSiO 2 , where M is potassium or sodium, m is the silicate component equal to 2.1 - 3.8, or a mixture thereof.
- the selected inorganic binder comprising potassium chloride with high heat resistance (KC1 m.p.-771 deg C) and alkali metal silicates which do not decompose up to 1400 deg C, makes it possible to obtain target technological properties while achieving high levels of the composition filling, and to produce high-strength articles ( tablet, granules).
- the sorbent preferably selected from the group of zeolites, silica gels or a mixture thereof, on exposure to high combustion temperatures of the pyrotechnical composition ( over 1500 deg C) forms slag with the porous structure. Hence the sorbent performs in one step the filtration of aerosol particles and adsorption of noxious gases.
- the hot GAFEM heats the surface of the tablet , causing thereby the decomposition of the oxidizer and the release of oxygen which oxidizers underoxidized gaseous components of the GAFEM, as well as the decomposition of the heat-absorbong filler.
- the silica gel and zeolite granules cake with one another and with other particles (KC1, K 2 CO 3 ,K 2 ), KHCO 3 ) to produce porous slag with filtering properties.
- KC1, K 2 CO 3 ,K 2 ), KHCO 3 The use of sorbents which form porous slag structures in the compositions intended for GAFEM cooling and filtration has not been described previously nor is it obvious.
- the heat-absorbing filler basic magnesium carbonate and/or carbonates of group I or group II metals
- oxidizer nitrate, potassium perchlorate or a mixture thereof
- production process additives graphite, sodium stearate or potassium stearate or a mixture thereof
- inorganic binder potassium chloride, alkali metal silicate of the general formula Me 2 O.mSiO 2 , where Me is potassium or sodium, m is the silicate component of 2.1-3.8, or a mixture thereof
- sorbent preferably selected from the group of zeolites, silica gels or mixtures thereof).
- the proposed composition for cooling and filtration of GAFEM makes it possible to achieve at the same time: the GAFEM cooling at the expense of endothermal decomposition of the heat-absorbing filler; filtration of aerosol particles which will incease the share of 1 - 2 mem partiles at the output of the generator due to the formation of a slaggy porous structure as the tablets heat up; adsorption of noxious gases and final oxidation of the gases on the sorbent surface by the oxygen released from the decomposerd oxidizer; it is also possible to enhance the strength of tablets, granules owing to this new set of the components.
- the produced tablets are loaded into the generator which comprises the metal housing , the unit with the pyrotechnocal charge and ignitor, the combustion chamber, the cooling and filtration unit and the outlet unit.
- the pyrotechnical composition consists of a pyrotecnical aerosol-forming fire-extinguishing composition with the burning temperature 1500 deg C; the starting components are taken in the following ratios, % by mass: Potassium nitrate 64 Potassium perchlorate 20 Phenol-formaldehyde resin 11.1 Dibutyl phthalate 2.5 Calcium srearate 0.4 Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) -2.0
- the generator is started in the test unit.
- the GAFEM temperaure is measured 20 cm from the cut using the chromel-alumel thermocouple and a recorder.
- the mass fraction of 1-2 mem particles of the aerosol disperse phase is determined by sampling under the microsope and subsequent weighing.
- the toxic content of the GAFEM is determined by taking samples from the gas ducts located in the midle part of the test unit. To determine the carbon oxide content, a gas sample is taken with a gas burette fitted with the hydraulic seal and then analyzed on the gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector.
- the parameters of the packed glass chromatographic column are 2.4 m long; 2.5 inside diameter, the feed rate of the carrier gas ( helium) is 30 c,3/min, the column temperature 32 deg C; sample volume 1 m3; chromatograms are recorded with TC-1601 recorder.
- the GAFEM gas phase is bubbled through a water-filled trap fitted with the glass filter; the rate of bubbling 21 min, for 10 min.
- the ammonium content is determined by photocolorimetry on the reaction product of the GAFEM-Nessler reagent (the lower limit of measurement is 2 meg for a 2 ml sample, which corresponds to the ammonium oncenration 0.5 mg/m3).
- the nitrogen oxide contents are deternined by photocolorimetry on the reaction product of the GAFEM -Griss reagent( the lower measurement level is 0.3 meg for a 2 ml sample, which corresponds to the nitrogen oxide concentration 0.075 mg/ m3).
- the cyanide contents are determined by photocolorimetry on the reaction product thiocyanate (the lower measurement level is 2 meg for a 5 ml sample, which corresponds to the cyanide concentration 0.1 mg/m3).
- the results of the measurements are presented in the Table.
- Example 2 To prepare 1 kg of the composition it is necessary to charge, with stirring, a mixer for viscousflow compositions with the following components: 140 g of 50% aqueous soltion of sodium silicate, with the silicate fraction equal to 2.5.
- the strings are cut into cylindrical granules 6 mm in length. In order to remove water from the granules more completely, they are kept at 90 - 120 deg C until the equilibrium moisture becomes ⁇ 0.5 mass %. He ready granules are charged into the generator and tested as is described in Example 1. The results of the measurements are presented in the Table.
- the proposed composition for cooling and filtration of GAFEM makes it possible to carry out efficient fire-fighting in structures, closed spaces and rooms, including where there are people, animals. Advantages of the proposed composition are:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/570,625 US20070057224A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
BRPI0414127-0A BRPI0414127A (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas aerosol sprinkler mixture |
AU2004270086A AU2004270086A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
EP04775274A EP1663407A2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
CA002537499A CA2537499A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
IL173761A IL173761A0 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2006-02-16 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2003127009 | 2003-09-05 | ||
RU2003127009/15A RU2248233C1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Composition for cooling and simultaneously filtering fire- extinguishing gas/air sol mixture |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005023370A2 true WO2005023370A2 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023370A3 WO2005023370A3 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
Family
ID=34271290
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2004/000342 WO2005023370A2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | Composition for cooling and simultaneous filtration of the gas-aerosol fire-extinguishing mixture |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070057224A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1663407A2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1845770A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004270086A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0414127A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2537499A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL173761A0 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2248233C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005023370A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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CN101156981A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2008-04-09 | 江西三星气龙新材料股份有限公司 | A method for cooling extinguishment hot aerosol by carbonic dioxide |
WO2009006767A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for common electric appliance |
WO2009006765A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for precision electric appliance |
WO2009006766A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for heavy-current electric appliance |
WO2011088666A1 (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-07-28 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Catalytic chemical coolant for hot aerosol and making process thereof |
EP2617473A1 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2013-07-24 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd. | Composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredient at high temperature |
EP3000799A4 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2017-01-04 | Samsong Industries Ltd. | Gas generating agent composition having reduced solid discharge amount of inflator |
EP3112333A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-04 | Fireworks Europe Innovation Sp. z o.o. | Ecological fireworks, method of preparation thereof and method of reducing environmental contamination with heavy metal compounds from fireworks and use of fireworks and use of mineral additives in pyrotechnic materials |
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KR100968883B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-07-09 | 고려화공 주식회사 | Refrigerant composition having high heat absorption capability and low water absorption capability |
CN102861409B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-12-09 | 西安坚瑞安全应急设备有限责任公司 | A kind of metal oxyacid salts class fire-extinguishing composite |
CN106397077A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-02-15 | 盘锦金宇众和工程服务有限公司 | Preparation method of fire-flooding particle igniter |
CN107670217B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of aerosol type extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof |
RU2691353C1 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-06-11 | ЗАО "Техно-ТМ" | Aerosol-forming fuel |
EP3858444B1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2023-01-18 | Celanova Limited | Aerosol-forming composition for fire suppression |
CN116515466A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-08-01 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Composite coolant and application thereof in aerosol fire extinguishment |
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WO1998028041A1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Agent for cooling hot gases |
WO2000003765A2 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-27 | R-Amtech International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for fire extinguishing |
WO2000006424A1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-10 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Treatment of airbag inflation gases |
RU2166975C1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-05-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эпотос" | Cooling composition for gas generator |
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DE4427793C2 (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1997-01-30 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Device for removing the harmful and aromatic substances from an air flow supplied to the vehicle interior |
US5841065A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-11-24 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Gas generants containing zeolites |
RU2142835C1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 1999-12-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Артех-2000" | Method of volume fire extinguishing and device for its embodiment |
RU2185865C1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-07-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Артех-2000" | Pyrotechnic aerosol-forming fire-extinguishing composite material and method of preparation thereof |
-
2003
- 2003-09-05 RU RU2003127009/15A patent/RU2248233C1/en active
-
2004
- 2004-09-03 CN CNA2004800253635A patent/CN1845770A/en active Pending
- 2004-09-03 CA CA002537499A patent/CA2537499A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-03 US US10/570,625 patent/US20070057224A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-03 BR BRPI0414127-0A patent/BRPI0414127A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04775274A patent/EP1663407A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-03 WO PCT/RU2004/000342 patent/WO2005023370A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-03 AU AU2004270086A patent/AU2004270086A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-02-16 IL IL173761A patent/IL173761A0/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1998028041A1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Agent for cooling hot gases |
WO2000003765A2 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-01-27 | R-Amtech International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for fire extinguishing |
WO2000006424A1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-10 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Treatment of airbag inflation gases |
RU2166975C1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-05-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эпотос" | Cooling composition for gas generator |
Cited By (14)
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WO2009006767A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for common electric appliance |
WO2009006765A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for precision electric appliance |
WO2009006766A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd | Fire-extinguishing aerosol for heavy-current electric appliance |
CN101156981B (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2012-05-30 | 江西三星气龙新材料股份有限公司 | A method for cooling extinguishment hot aerosol by carbonic dioxide |
CN101156981A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2008-04-09 | 江西三星气龙新材料股份有限公司 | A method for cooling extinguishment hot aerosol by carbonic dioxide |
CN101757760B (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2012-06-27 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Catalytic chemical coolant for hot aerosol and preparation method thereof |
WO2011088666A1 (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-07-28 | 陕西坚瑞消防股份有限公司 | Catalytic chemical coolant for hot aerosol and making process thereof |
AU2010342982B2 (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2014-01-16 | Shaanxi J & R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd. | A Catalytic Chemical Coolant for Thermal Aerosol and a Preparation Method Thereof |
KR101398798B1 (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2014-05-27 | 샤앙지 제이앤알 파이어 파이팅 캄파니 리미티드 | Catalytic chemical coolant for hot aerosol and making process thereof |
EP2617473A1 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2013-07-24 | Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd. | Composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredient at high temperature |
EP2617473A4 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2014-03-12 | Shaanxi J & R Fire Fighting Co | Composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredient at high temperature |
KR101504474B1 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2015-03-23 | 시안 제이 앤드 알 파이어 파이팅 이큅먼트 씨오., 엘티디. | Composition generating fire extinguising substance through chemical reaction of ingredient at high temperature |
EP3000799A4 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2017-01-04 | Samsong Industries Ltd. | Gas generating agent composition having reduced solid discharge amount of inflator |
EP3112333A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-04 | Fireworks Europe Innovation Sp. z o.o. | Ecological fireworks, method of preparation thereof and method of reducing environmental contamination with heavy metal compounds from fireworks and use of fireworks and use of mineral additives in pyrotechnic materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2004270086A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023370A3 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
BRPI0414127A (en) | 2006-10-31 |
US20070057224A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
RU2003127009A (en) | 2005-02-27 |
IL173761A0 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
EP1663407A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
RU2248233C1 (en) | 2005-03-20 |
CA2537499A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
CN1845770A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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