WO2005020564A1 - Pre-processing of descrambling data to reduce channel-change time - Google Patents
Pre-processing of descrambling data to reduce channel-change time Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005020564A1 WO2005020564A1 PCT/US2004/001573 US2004001573W WO2005020564A1 WO 2005020564 A1 WO2005020564 A1 WO 2005020564A1 US 2004001573 W US2004001573 W US 2004001573W WO 2005020564 A1 WO2005020564 A1 WO 2005020564A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- descrambling
- digital
- channel
- control words
- reception
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/4405—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream decryption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
- H04N21/4332—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations by placing content in organized collections, e.g. local EPG data repository
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
- H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to a method and an apparatus for receiving and processing multi-channel digital video/audio/data ("digital data") transmissions, and more generally to digital broadcast receivers capable of providing quicker response to a user's command to change channels.
- digital data multi-channel digital video/audio/data
- the time required for a multi-channel digital video receiver to change channels is greater than the time to change channels in an analog video system.
- reception processing for a selected channel requires a tuner to tune to the desired carrier frequency, select the desired packets, and demodulate the signal.
- a digital broadcast signal typically requires additional steps such as, to decode the typically descrambled information, decompress MPEG encoding data, provide error correction and transporting the resulting data packets to a digital decoder before the desired program can be displayed.
- receivers may require several tenths of a second ranging from one to five seconds, to change channels depending on hardware and software implementation, and bit rates of the digital data transmission.
- Current digital video decoder systems decode encrypted digital data streams (see FIG. 1, Prior Art). These systems are well known to those skilled in the art of digital broadcasts such as by way of example cable and digital broadcast satellite (“DBS”) systems, and include tuners, demodulators, decoders, transport de-multiplexers, microprocessors, program memories, video picture memories, MPEG video decoders, displays, and smart cards.
- DBS cable and digital broadcast satellite
- scrambled data are transmitted together with associated control words for descrambling of the data, the control words being encrypted by a exploitation key and transmitted in encrypted form.
- the scrambled data and associated control word are then received by a decoder having access to an equivalent of the exploitation key stored on a smart card that is inserted into the receiver to decrypt the encrypted control word and thereafter generate an N-bit descrambling key to decode the transmitted digital data.
- a decoder having access to an equivalent of the exploitation key stored on a smart card that is inserted into the receiver to decrypt the encrypted control word and thereafter generate an N-bit descrambling key to decode the transmitted digital data.
- the subscriber receives an entitlement control message which constitutes the exploitation key necessary to decrypt the encrypted control word necessary to decode a 56-bit descrambling key so as to permit viewing of the transmission.
- the software configures the transport de-multiplexer with a program identification (PID) that then filters the incoming digital data packets.
- PID program identification
- the system then enables the flow of transport data stream to the PID compare block which inspects every packet in the digital data stream and compares the data packets to a list of entries in a look-up table. Typically, if a match exists, then the data packet is sent to the descrambler.
- Most digital broadcast system data streams and most digital cable data streams are scrambled for security purposes.
- Digital broadcast system descrambling is achieved by transmitting and receiving a control word packet that contains decryption specifications in the form of input data.
- Decryption control words are processed by algorithms programmed into the smart card, which generate an N-bit de-scrambling key.
- Current systems typically utilize keys as large as 56-bits.
- the N-bit keys are then stored in transport registers for data encryption scrambling.
- descrambling occurs, the system builds a video composite picture in memory, typically in accordance with the MPEG-2 standard, and displays the desired picture on a display.
- the system disables the current decoding activity and restarts the entire sequence described above with the parameters of the new channel. If there are errors in the signal, as for example, due to weather or poor signal reception, then the user must wait an additional delay time to change channels.
- the delays associated with channel acquisition are particularly annoying to a television user who is sequentially scrolling through adjacent channels, an operation that many users prefer to perform quickly.
- the delay is due to the encrypted digital content, which requires a decoder to process de-scrambling data in specific sequential steps.
- This invention focuses on the transport de-multiplexer and smart card to reduce the user channel change time by decoding the control word associated with the descrambling key or the descrambling key itself for each of the next predicted channels that is prior to the user selecting a new channel.
- the invention disclosed herein includes a digital video transmission receiver comprising: a tuning and decoding means for tuning and decoding a digital transmission to produce a set of N-bit descrambling keys associated with two or more tuned channels; a programmed microprocessor to respond to a user's request for a selected one of the two or more tuned channels by causing the set of descrambling keys for the selected channel to be outputted, to descramble digital transport streams required to format digital information into a video display.
- the digital video transmission receiver unit comprises an apparatus that stores a control word.
- This includes a tuning and a decoding means for tuning and decoding a digital transmission to produce a set of control words related to two or more tuned channels each associated with an N-bit descrambling key; and a programmed microprocessor to respond to a user's request for a selected one of the two or more tuned channels by causing one of the control words within the set of control words to generate a descrambling key for the selected channel to be outputted, to descramble digital transport streams required to format digital information into a video display.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art receiving unit.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a method of reducing the delay in channel selection utilizing stored N-bit decoded keys.
- FIG. 4 is a method of reducing the delay in channel selection utilizing control words.
- This invention discloses an apparatus and a method that stores the digital data input de- scrambling control words required for the decoding of a descrambling key or the resulting N- bit de-scrambling keys themselves, for a multiplicity of digital data transport streams. Storing the data control words will reduce subsequent retrieval time, when the control words are required to descramble the associated scrambled keys that decode a digital data stream. However, utilizing the control words to descramble the N-bit de-scrambling keys and then storing the N-bit de-scrambling keys typically yields the greatest gain in reducing channel change time. Concurrent monitoring of multiple programs can be performed by adding multiple program identification or PIDs to a PID-table.
- a broadcast system 110 provides scrambled digital information to a receiver 100, which requires unscrambling prior to assembling a frame of data that can be perceived by a user.
- a video, audio and data broadcast system 110 provides a stream of data 125 that includes data packets 131 received by a receiver input to a PID compare block 122 that compares each data packet 131 in the data stream 125 to a preexisting entry in a PID look up table 124. Finding a match between the incoming data packet 131 and the preexisting entry, an output data packet 130 is passed to a descrambler 140.
- a control word 132 provides decryption input data, the information necessary to decrypt the descrambling keys that subsequently decode the input data video, audio and data stream.
- the decryption input data control word 132 is provided to a smart card 190 typically through a microprocessor 170 that utilizes the information therein contained to generate an N-bit descrambling key 185, typically a 56-bit decoding key.
- the descrambling key 185 is stored in a transport register 180, where the key is used in deciphering scrambled video, audio and data required for user perception.
- the descrambled packets 145 are used to construct a video frame in memory 150 in accordance with a preexisting standard, such as MPEG-2. Thereafter a video display 160 permits the programs to be viewed.
- the receiver system 100 must disable itself and restart the above sequence of acquiring a data packets 131 for input to the PID compare block 122 that compares each data packet 131 in the data stream 125 to a preexisting entry in a PID look up table 124.
- the control word 132 that provides decryption input data, is relayed to the microprocessor 170 and smart card 190 for the ultimate generation of a 56-bit key for subsequent descrambling of the new channel.
- the receiver system 200 needs only to switch the N-bit stored de-scrambling key for the current digital data stream associated with a desired program.
- the N-bit de-scrambling key previously decoded in the background, or simultaneously therewith the digital data processing stream, permits the rapid de-scrambling of any newly selected digital data channel.
- this method of channel change can realize as much as a 40% reduction in the channel selection delay time.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the invention, wherein a digital receiver 200 receives a broadcast transmission 205 that produces a set of N-bit descrambling keys 273 associated with two or more tuned channels 265, utilizing a programmed means 270 to respond to a user's request for a selected one of the two or more tuned channels, by causing the set of descrambling keys 273 for the selected channel to be outputted in accordance with the associated descrambled digital transport streams 245 required to format digital information so as to be perceived by a user.
- a selected video display 260 projects a picture onto a cathode ray tube or other such two dimensional video display.
- the monitoring and decoding as described can be achieved through the storage of the input de-scrambling data control words 294, which at a future time will be utilized in the generation of a N-bit descrambling key, or through the immediate generation of 56-bit keys in a memory 275. Storing the 56-bit keys yields the greatest gain in reduced channel change time, since the steps requiring the control word as input to the appropriate program to create the N-bit key will already have been accomplished when they are required. Since there are multiple simultaneous scrambling data packets, each is stored in a different location in memory 275. Simultaneous monitoring of multiple programs can be performed by adding multiple program PID to the PLD-table 230.
- the invention reduces the user channel change time, by monitoring the control words 295 as derived from a predicted next user channel as by way of example described in U.S. Patent 5,933,192 or U.S. Patent 6,118,498.
- all the channels in the broadcast system 210 may be monitored utilizing technology well known by those who are skilled in the art of developing satellite receiving systems.
- the receiving system 200 can monitor all the channels existing on a transponder.
- tuner data 265 can cause the immediate decoding of scrambled digital data, since the decryption input keys were previously received, and passed to the smart card 290 resulting in a set of output keys 277 stored in memory a memory 275.
- the invention as herein described can, in a typical receiver system, reduce the processing time in the order of magnitude of 400 milliseconds in the completion of a user initiated channel change.
- the de-scrambling input data in the stream is repeated in the data stream at a periodic rate.
- this rate is a maximum 200 milliseconds.
- the smart card 290 is typically allowed up to 150 milliseconds to generate the 56-bit key 285.
- the decoder system is allowed up to 50 milliseconds to respond to the smart card, 290 and move the 56-bit key 285 to the transport register 280 and commence decoding of live transport data streams 245
- the system needs only to switch via tuner data 265 from the current program, to the background decoded 56-bit keys in memory 277. Utilizing programming methods well known to those skilled in the art of programming, many 56-bit keys are accessibly stored in memory 275.
- PIP picture-in-picture
- Predictive decode and monitoring of descrambling data could be employed in conjunction with digital PIP . Furthermore, this invention would make digital PIP features faster, because the secondary channel is already being monitored and decoded, before the user chooses to display a second picture. Systems with or without PIP will benefit from this invention.
- the invention herein disclosed includes a method of: descrambling an input data stream so that the smart card 290 utilizing the control word 295 input generates an N-bit data encryption decode key to permit the subsequent descrambling of digital data.
- the descrambling key 285 is stored in memory 273 and made immediately available as an N- bit key, as for example, to the 56 bit key 280 and the transport 240, so as to decode transport data into descrambled digital data 245.
- N- bit key as for example, to the 56 bit key 280 and the transport 240, so as to decode transport data into descrambled digital data 245.
- each receiver system 200 may only utilize a subset of the universe of potential changes possible. Presuming such a potential change exists, then referring to FIG. 3, the system 300 will not be in a wait state 312 and the receiver system 200 will initiate the step of determining a potential viewing channel 320. Thereafter, a 56 bit key (56 used for illustration only), associated with the viewing channel is decoded 330 and stored 340 in a memory, retrievable in the event the potential viewing channel is selected by the user.
- a 56 bit key (56 used for illustration only)
- the decoded key associated with the selected viewing channel is retrieved 370 and utilized 380 to descramble an N-bit descrambling code 380.
- the descrambling key is then used to assemble 390 a digital data stream into a means perceivable by the viewer.
- the system 300 determines if all channels having the potential for viewing have had their descrambling keys decoded 330. If they have had their keys decoded 330, then the system 300 simply waits 355 for a new viewing potential 355.
- the decision 350 reverts the process to step 314 to begin the process of decoding 330 a new descrambling key.
- the decision 350 must continually monitor the network data packets 220 to determine when new control words are applied to the predicted channel broadcast transmission 205.
- the system 400 will not be in a wait state 412 and the system will initiate the step of determining a potential viewing channel 420. Thereafter, a control word, associated with a descrambling N-bit descrambling code and associated the viewing channel is decoded 430 and stored 440 in a memory, retrievable in the event the potential viewing channel is selected by the user. When a channel has been selected 460 by the user, the control word is retrieved 470 and utilized to descramble an N-bit descrambling code 480. The descrambling key is they utilized 480 to assemble a digital data stream into a means perceivable by the viewer.
- the system 400 determines if all channels having the potential for viewing 450 have had their control words 410 stored. If they have had their keys stored 440, then the system waits 455 for a new viewing potential 455. If the viewing potential has not been exhausted than the decision 450 reverts the process to step 420 to begin the process of storing a new control word 440. In time-varying broadcast security schemes, the decision 450 must continually monitor the network data packets 220 to determine when new control words are applied to the predicted channel broadcast transmission 205.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04703695A EP1661391A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-01-20 | Pre-processing of descrambling data to reduce channel-change time |
JP2006523169A JP2007502575A (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-01-20 | Preprocessing of descrambling data to reduce channel change time |
US10/568,003 US20090153747A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-01-20 | Pre-Processing of Descrambling Data to Reduce Channel-Change Time |
BRPI0413480-0A BRPI0413480A (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-01-20 | pre-processing de-scrambling data to reduce channel change time |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US49483503P | 2003-08-13 | 2003-08-13 | |
US60/494,835 | 2003-08-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005020564A1 true WO2005020564A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
Family
ID=34215903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2004/001573 WO2005020564A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-01-20 | Pre-processing of descrambling data to reduce channel-change time |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090153747A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1661391A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007502575A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060060014A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1868206A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0413480A (en) |
MY (1) | MY147161A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005020564A1 (en) |
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EP2373021A1 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-10-05 | Nagravision S.A. | A method for controlling access to a plurality of channels by a receiver/decoder |
WO2012110306A1 (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-23 | Nagravision S.A. | Method to optimize reception of entitlement management messages in a pay-tv system |
US8532459B2 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2013-09-10 | Thomson Licensing | Fast channel change in a digital television receiver |
WO2013144587A1 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-03 | Sony Corporation | Conditional access method and apparatus for simultaneously handling multiple television programmes |
US8615650B2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2013-12-24 | Viaccess | Control-word deciphering, transmission and reception methods, recording medium and server for these methods |
US9538222B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2017-01-03 | Nagravision S.A. | Device for the allocation and management of subscriptions for the reception of broadcast products |
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KR100765317B1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2007-10-09 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus and method of channel changing on digital broadcast system |
KR101227497B1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2013-01-29 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Digital broadcast signal and apparatus and method of processing the signal |
US8509435B2 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2013-08-13 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for a transport single key change point for all package identifier channels |
US20080137850A1 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Rajesh Mamidwar | Method and system for a generic key packet for mpeg-2 transport scrambling |
US8793745B2 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-07-29 | Hughes Network Systems, Llc | Method and apparatus for data rate controller for a code block multiplexing scheme |
CN101917589A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Media data block descrambling method and device thereof |
US10489389B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2019-11-26 | Wormhole Labs, Inc. | Experience analytic objects, systems and methods |
US10649613B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2020-05-12 | Wormhole Labs, Inc. | Remote experience interfaces, systems and methods |
US10700944B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2020-06-30 | Wormhole Labs, Inc. | Sensor data aggregation system |
US9106965B2 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2015-08-11 | Echostar Technologies L.L.C. | Using idle resources to reduce channel change times |
US9854306B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2017-12-26 | Echostar Technologies L.L.C. | Methods and systems for content navigation among programs presenting advertising content |
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- 2004-01-20 WO PCT/US2004/001573 patent/WO2005020564A1/en active Application Filing
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EP1705915A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-27 | Nagravision S.A. | Method for managing access to conditional access data reaching a faster zapping |
US8532459B2 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2013-09-10 | Thomson Licensing | Fast channel change in a digital television receiver |
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EP2566157A1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-06 | Nagravision S.A. | Method to optimize reception of entitlement management messages in a Pay-TV system |
WO2013144587A1 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-03 | Sony Corporation | Conditional access method and apparatus for simultaneously handling multiple television programmes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1868206A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
KR20060060014A (en) | 2006-06-02 |
JP2007502575A (en) | 2007-02-08 |
BRPI0413480A (en) | 2006-10-17 |
US20090153747A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP1661391A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
MY147161A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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