WO2004095058A1 - Procede de mesure et systeme correspondant - Google Patents

Procede de mesure et systeme correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004095058A1
WO2004095058A1 PCT/JP2004/004111 JP2004004111W WO2004095058A1 WO 2004095058 A1 WO2004095058 A1 WO 2004095058A1 JP 2004004111 W JP2004004111 W JP 2004004111W WO 2004095058 A1 WO2004095058 A1 WO 2004095058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wave
human body
frequency
intensity
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2004/004111
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hirotaka Fujisaki
Original Assignee
Shima Seiki Manufacturing, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shima Seiki Manufacturing, Ltd. filed Critical Shima Seiki Manufacturing, Ltd.
Priority to JP2005505696A priority Critical patent/JPWO2004095058A1/ja
Publication of WO2004095058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004095058A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/352—Receivers
    • G01S7/356—Receivers involving particularities of FFT processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/352—Receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to distance measurement such as measurement of a human body shape.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-357656 (EP 1365256A1)
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a distance measurement using a high frequency.
  • the antenna emits directional high-frequency waves and measures the strength of the standing wave composed of the reflected wave and the traveling wave while changing the high-frequency frequency.
  • the intensity of the obtained standing wave is Fourier-transformed with respect to the frequency, the distance to the object is obtained.
  • the standing wave is also weak because the reflected wave is weak, and the human body has a position where the reflected wave is particularly weak.
  • high-frequency reflection occurs because the refractive index changes at the interface between the air inside the clothes and the human body.
  • this reflection is weak, and generally there is a state in which a slight reflected wave exists in the traveling wave.
  • the intensity of the reflected wave from the human body surface varies depending on the place. This is because the reflected wave is strong when the radiation direction of the high frequency is perpendicular to the human body surface, but when it is not perpendicular, most of the reflected wave does not return to the receiving antenna.
  • An object of the present invention is to make the amplitude of a standing wave almost constant so that distance measurement can be performed with high accuracy.
  • a beam-like wave is sent from an oscillation source to a measurement object, Measuring the intensity of the standing wave based on the reflection of the wave while changing the frequency of the wave, and performing a Fourier transform to determine the distance to the object to be measured.
  • the wave energy is changed by feeding back to the oscillation source so that the intensity becomes substantially constant.
  • the distance measuring device of the present invention sends a beam-like wave from an oscillation source toward a measurement object, measures the intensity of a standing wave based on the reflection of the wave while changing the frequency of the wave, and performs Fourier transform.
  • a device for obtaining the distance to the object to be measured means for detecting the intensity of the standing wave, and for feeding back to the oscillation source so that the detected intensity becomes substantially constant Means are provided.
  • the object to be measured is a human body
  • the wave is a microphone mouth wave having a frequency of 5 GHz to 100 GHz.
  • the oscillation source is a microwave oscillation circuit having a frequency of 5 GHz to 100 GHz, particularly preferably 10 GHz to 50 GHz, and further scans the wave along the human body in the height direction and the circumferential direction. To determine the shape of the human body.
  • the intensity of the wave obtained by removing the DC component after picking up and detecting the wave is defined as the intensity of the standing wave.
  • a pickup means for picking up the wave For example, a pickup means for picking up the wave, a detection means for detecting the picked-up wave, and a removal means for removing and outputting a DC component from an output of the detection means are provided. Is input to the feed pack means.
  • a feed pack is added to the oscillation source so that the amplitude of the standing wave becomes substantially constant. Therefore, when the reflection is weak, the output of the oscillation source increases, and the distance can be measured with high accuracy.
  • To be substantially constant means, for example, to keep the amplitude within a range of 1 Z 2 to 2 times the reference value.
  • the arc division function is required on the order of cm, so the wave is preferably a microphone mouth wave with a frequency of 5 to 100 GHz, and the human body generally has low reflectivity and has irregularities on the surface.
  • the reflected waves are directed in different directions.
  • the amplitude of the standing wave is likely to be small and the amplitude of the force is also likely to fluctuate.
  • the human body shape with high precision can be measured.
  • a standing wave is picked up
  • a traveling wave is generally picked up in addition to the standing wave, and the amplitude of the traveling wave is often larger than that of the standing wave. If the DC component is removed from the detection signal, the traveling wave can be removed, and the distance can be measured accurately.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of the human body shape measuring device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the horn antenna used in the example.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a signal processing system of the human body shape measuring device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a tracking algorithm in the human body shape measuring method according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating removal of a background signal from a Fourier transform signal in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a Fourier transform signal and a human body shape signal along the height direction when tracking is not performed.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a Fourier transform signal and a human body shape signal along the height direction when tracking is performed.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a human body shape signal in the height direction when tracking is not performed.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a human body shape signal in the height direction when tracking is performed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the external shape of the human body shape measuring device 2.
  • Reference numeral 4 denotes a stand on which a person stands
  • reference numeral 6 denotes a frame that surrounds the periphery thereof, and includes a column 8.
  • the elevating table 9 is moved up and down along the column 8, and one or more horn antennas 10 are provided.
  • the horn antenna 10 is a high-frequency antenna with little diffraction loss, and the type of the antenna is arbitrary.
  • the 1 2 is a high-frequency circuit that supplies a high frequency to the horn antenna 10 and picks up and detects a standing wave of the traveling wave in the horn antenna 10 and a reflected wave from the human body. After removing the components, the signal is output to the signal processing unit 14.
  • the signal processing unit 14 is composed of a digital signal processor ⁇ a signal processing circuit of a personal computer level. The signal processing unit 14 outputs the obtained human body shape to the monitor 16 and the like, and receives an operation from the keyboard 18.
  • Reference numeral 21 denotes a waveguide, which receives a high frequency from a high-frequency oscillation circuit and radiates a high frequency from a horn 22 whose tip is expanded.
  • a pickup 23 is inserted into the waveguide 21 and detected by a detection circuit 2 such as a GaAs Schottky diode, and a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25 using a capacitor or the like. Output.
  • the DC eliminator 25 need not be provided.
  • the pickup 23 for standing wave detection may be provided in an antenna separate from the horn antenna 10, but the high-frequency waveguide and antenna are expensive and must be installed in the horn antenna 10 for transmission. Preferably, a pickup 23 is provided.
  • FIG. 3 shows the used signal processing system.
  • the high-frequency output from the high-frequency oscillation circuit 29 is radiated toward the human body 20 via the horn antenna 10.
  • the high frequency used is, for example, about 10 to 15 GHz, and a relatively inexpensive high frequency element for satellite communication or the like can be used.
  • the beam diameter in a plane perpendicular to the traveling direction is, for example, about 2 cm. .
  • a high-frequency traveling wave and a reflected wave are present in the horn antenna 10, and a standing wave is formed by these. The energy of the traveling wave is overwhelmingly large.
  • the high frequency in the horn antenna is picked up by a pickup 23, detected by a detection circuit 24 using a GaAs Schottky diode, for example, equivalent to a half wave, and a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25.
  • a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25.
  • Most of the DC component is caused by traveling waves. Instead of removing the DC component with a capacitor, the signal after AD conversion may be subtracted or differentiated to remove the DC component.
  • the signal from the DC eliminator 25 is fed back to the amplitude detector 26, input to the ALC (automatic level control device) 27, and the difference between the amplitude and the reference value is output.
  • the output control section 28 drives the high-frequency oscillation circuit 29 with a gain according to the difference.
  • the output of the high-frequency oscillation circuit 29 changes, for example, in a range of about 1/3 to 3 times the reference output.
  • the frequency of the output signal from DC eliminator 25 becomes A feed pack is applied to the output of the oscillating circuit 29. If the power of the standing wave (the output from the DC eliminator 25) is small, the power (energy) of the traveling wave is increased, and the output of the oscillating circuit 29 is fixed by the detection circuit 24.
  • the high-frequency circuit 12 changes the frequency to a plurality of, for example, 256, for one measurement point, and for example, for a center frequency of 12 GHz, a frequency of 10 to 14 GHz, or 11 to 13 GHz or the like.
  • the ALC 27 is activated at the first frequency for one measurement point, and the output of the ALC 27 is kept constant at the same measurement point.
  • the ALC 27 is operated independently for each frequency, and the used gain (the output of the ALC 27 output control unit 28) is input to the FFT 38, which will be described later, and the ratio between the AD conversion signal and the gain is Fourier. It may be converted.
  • the AD converter 36 AD-converts the output signal of the DC eliminator 25, and the DC component in the AD-converted signal is meaningless because it appears at the position of the distance zero, and this is digitally converted by the DC eliminator 37.
  • the FFT 38 performs a Fourier transform on the signal from which the DC component has been removed by performing an AD conversion using a fast Fourier transform or the like.
  • This Fourier transform is a Fourier transform related to frequency.
  • the peak of the Fourier transform signal corresponds to the distance from the antenna 10 to the human body.
  • the signal obtained by AD conversion may be processed by a differential filter or the like to remove a DC component, and may be input to the amplitude detection unit 26. Further, the signal obtained by AD conversion by the AD converter 36 may be Fourier-transformed by the FFT 38, and then the DC component may be removed by the DC eliminator 37.
  • the Fourier transform signal includes signals for reflection in the antenna and reflection in a background other than the human body. Therefore, the Fourier transform signal in the case where there is no human body is stored in the background signal storage unit 39, and the difference from the Fourier transform signal in the case where there is a human body is obtained in the difference unit 40. You. In this way, the effective part of the signal is extracted from the Fourier transform by removing the signal caused by the background.
  • Figure 5 schematically illustrates the removal of the background signal.
  • the solid line is the Fourier transform signal input from FFT 38, which is obtained by performing a Fourier transform after level shift corresponding to the DC component. From the Fourier transform signal, the signal of the dashed line stored as the background signal is subtracted to extract the peak of the Fourier transform signal due to the human body. Instead of subtracting the background, the approximate distance to the human body is known, so a window function that picks up only signals in this range may be used. However, the use of such a window function is a process similar to the tracking described later, and there is a limit to improving the accuracy.
  • the human body is measured using, for example, a pair of cameras 30 and 31 to create a stereoscopic image of the human body, and the outline extraction unit 32 extracts the outline shape of the human body. Since the cameras 30 and 31 photographed the human body shape of the clothes, the actual human body surface should exist inside the human body shape extracted by the art line extraction unit 32. Alternatively, before measurement, a person's body weight, height, body fat percentage, etc. are measured, and a rough body shape is estimated in consideration of age, etc., and used instead of the signal of the end line extraction unit 32. Good. Further, the cameras 30 and 31 bit line extraction units 32 and the like need not be provided.
  • the elevating table 9 is moved up and down by the elevating drive unit 34 to scan the surface shape of the human body within a predetermined height range.
  • the left / right movement drive unit 35 moves the horn antenna 10 to the left and right, for example, or shifts the position to the left and right, so that a large signal from the human body can be obtained so that scanning is started. I do.
  • the configuration of the lifting / lowering drive unit 34 and the left / right movement drive unit 35 is optional, and the left / right movement drive unit 35 need not be provided.
  • the comparison unit 41 checks whether a signal having a predetermined threshold or more is obtained, and operates the left / right movement driving unit 35 so that a signal with a predetermined threshold or more is obtained. Now, change the direction of the horn antenna 10.
  • the tracking unit 42 measures the distance between the horn antenna and the human body at each height in the process of moving the horn antenna 10 up and down to scan the human body shape, as well as the previous measurement point or a plurality of previous points. Determine the reasonable range of the distance from the body surface expected from the measurement point, and extract signals within this range.
  • Fig. 4 shows the details of the processing of the comparison unit 41 and the tracking unit 42.
  • the horn antenna is at the upper or lower end of the scan range, detects the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal input to the comparison unit 41, and checks whether the maximum value is greater than or equal to the threshold value. If the maximum value is small and equal to or less than the threshold value, a process such as searching for a position where a stronger signal can be obtained is performed by changing the direction of the horn antenna by the left and right motion driver 35.
  • Tracking is started when the maximum value that is equal to or greater than the threshold is obtained at the upper or lower end of the scan range.
  • the distance from the human body is updated and maintained as a variable "tracking position" .For example, the position of the horn antenna is changed by 5 mm, and the measurement point is moved up and down to find the next maximum value .
  • This maximum value is the maximum value in the output of the difference unit 40 and corresponds to the distance to the human body.
  • the range in which the maximum value is detected is limited as a search range, and the distance from the human body at the previous measurement point is, for example, within ⁇ 1 cm or ⁇ 5 mm. When using not only the previous measurement point but also multiple previous measurement points, limit the search range to about ⁇ 5 mm for points obtained by extrapolating these measurement points. Then, the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal within the search range is detected.
  • the threshold value is determined for the obtained maximum value, and if the maximum value that is equal to or higher than the threshold value is obtained, the measurement is valid and the distance to the human body at the new measurement point is obtained. If the maximum value that is higher than the threshold value is not obtained, the threshold value in the next threshold value judgment is reduced by, for example, about 5 to 10%, or the range of searching for the maximum value is determined assuming that the unevenness of the human body is severe. For example, increase from soil 5 mm to ⁇ 7 mm. The maximum value measured this time is arbitrary, but for example, assuming that a valid maximum value has not been obtained, the detected maximum value is invalidated.
  • a plurality of horn antennas 10 are provided, and scanning is performed simultaneously along a plurality of lines while changing a high-frequency frequency or the like to prevent interference between antennas. If the number of antennas is small, the scanning is repeated by rotating the frame 6. By repeating such a scan, a three-dimensional shape of the human body surface can be obtained.
  • Figure 6 shows an example in which tracking is not performed, and the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal during the scanning process is simply used as a distance signal to the human body.
  • the solid line shows the Fourier transform signal. There are two peaks around 700 mm and around 90 mm, and the peak around 900 mm is large, so this is the distance signal.
  • the human body shape signal obtained along the height direction by simply using the peak of the Fourier transform signal as a distance signal is indicated by dots.
  • the position of the horizontal axis is changed between the Fourier transform signal and the human body shape signal. Without tracking as shown in Fig. 6, the human body shape signal jumps discontinuously.
  • FIG. 7 shows the result when only the maximum value within a predetermined range is extracted from the distance signal at the previous measurement point for the same Fourier transform signal.
  • the peak of the Fourier transform signal is split into two.
  • the human body shape signal is obtained as a continuous line.
  • FIG. 8 shows a human body shape signal when the measurement of FIG. 6 is performed for one scan line.
  • FIG. 9 shows a human body shape signal when the measurement of FIG. 7 is performed for one scan line.
  • tracking can eliminate such noise.
  • the radiated high frequency power (energy) is increased at the measurement point where the amplitude of the standing wave is small, the standing wave is not buried in noise and cannot be detected.
  • the high-frequency power is reduced, so that the saturation of the detection circuit can be prevented. For this reason, a standing wave with almost constant amplitude can be generated regardless of the amplitude of the standing wave, and distance can be measured with high accuracy.
  • a high frequency such as a microwave was used. Ultrasound of about kHz to 100 kHz may be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de mesure de distance servant à mesurer la forme d'un corps humain ou analogue, au moyen d'un procédé consistant : à déplacer une antenne à cornet selon un mouvement ascendant/descendant le long du corps humain ; à émettre une micro-onde d'approximativement dix et quelques GHz, avec variation de fréquence ; à détecter une onde progressive ainsi qu'une onde stationnaire dans l'onde réfléchie par le corps humain, et ; à soumettre un signal dont la composante DC a été supprimée à une transformée de Fourier pour calculer la distance jusqu'au corps humain. Pour mesurer la distance avec un degré de précision élevé, l'onde stationnaire détectée est réinjectée dans la source de sorte que son intensité devienne sensiblement constante.
PCT/JP2004/004111 2003-04-22 2004-03-24 Procede de mesure et systeme correspondant WO2004095058A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005505696A JPWO2004095058A1 (ja) 2003-04-22 2004-03-24 距離測定方法とその装置

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JP2003-116683 2003-04-22
JP2003116683 2003-04-22

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WO2004095058A1 true WO2004095058A1 (fr) 2004-11-04

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63298007A (ja) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-05 Mitsui Constr Co Ltd 物体の形状計測装置
JPH02228516A (ja) * 1989-01-16 1990-09-11 Armin W Hrdlicka 長さの測定方法およびその測定装置
JPH10206531A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-08-07 Fujitsu Ten Ltd 車両のレーダ装置
JP3129840B2 (ja) * 1992-06-01 2001-01-31 日本無線株式会社 電波高度計
WO2001096901A2 (fr) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 Honeywell International Inc. Altimètre radar cohérent à faible probabilité d'interception
JP2002357656A (ja) * 2001-03-01 2002-12-13 Tetsushi Ueyasu 距離測定装置、距離測定設備および距離測定方法
JP2003050275A (ja) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-21 Murata Mfg Co Ltd レーダ
JP2004085473A (ja) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 距離測定装置
JP2004109123A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-04-08 Sekisui Jushi Co Ltd 移動体距離検出システム

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63298007A (ja) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-05 Mitsui Constr Co Ltd 物体の形状計測装置
JPH02228516A (ja) * 1989-01-16 1990-09-11 Armin W Hrdlicka 長さの測定方法およびその測定装置
JP3129840B2 (ja) * 1992-06-01 2001-01-31 日本無線株式会社 電波高度計
JPH10206531A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-08-07 Fujitsu Ten Ltd 車両のレーダ装置
WO2001096901A2 (fr) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 Honeywell International Inc. Altimètre radar cohérent à faible probabilité d'interception
JP2002357656A (ja) * 2001-03-01 2002-12-13 Tetsushi Ueyasu 距離測定装置、距離測定設備および距離測定方法
JP2003050275A (ja) * 2001-05-30 2003-02-21 Murata Mfg Co Ltd レーダ
JP2004085473A (ja) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 距離測定装置
JP2004109123A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-04-08 Sekisui Jushi Co Ltd 移動体距離検出システム

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KAMIHO T. ET AL.: "Teizaiha o mochiisu 10cm kara sokutei kano na kobunkaino radar", THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERS GIJUTSU HOKOKU, vol. 100, no. 693, 8 March 2001 (2001-03-08), pages 161 - 166, XP002955881 *

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