WO2004089338A1 - Clathrate a base d'arbidol, son procede de preparation et son utilisation - Google Patents

Clathrate a base d'arbidol, son procede de preparation et son utilisation Download PDF

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WO2004089338A1
WO2004089338A1 PCT/CN2004/000322 CN2004000322W WO2004089338A1 WO 2004089338 A1 WO2004089338 A1 WO 2004089338A1 CN 2004000322 W CN2004000322 W CN 2004000322W WO 2004089338 A1 WO2004089338 A1 WO 2004089338A1
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cyclodextrin
abidol
cyd
arb
inclusion
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PCT/CN2004/000322
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French (fr)
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Zhen-Tao Liu
Hong-Wu Zhang
Zhan-Qi Niu
Li-Yun Liu
Dong-Min Shen
Su-Rui Chen
Min Liang
Ya-Li Liang
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Shijiazhuang Pharma. Group Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology(Shijiazhuang) Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2004089338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004089338A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • A61K31/404Indoles, e.g. pindolol
    • A61K31/405Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6949Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
    • A61K47/6951Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • A61P31/14Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/16Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/08Solutions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel molecular inclusion complex of abidol and cyclodextrin or its organism, a preparation method of the inclusion complex and their application in pharmaceutical preparations. Background technique
  • Arbidol hydrochloride (hereinafter referred to as ARB) is a new type of antiviral drug. It has the most significant antiviral activity against influenza viruses with type A and B antigens, and can selectively inhibit the replication of type A and B influenza viruses in cell culture media. ARB also has immunomodulatory effects, can induce interferon production, activate macrophages, and improve the body's resistance to viral infections. It is a new antiviral drug used to treat influenza A and B caused by influenza and acute respiratory viral infections .
  • ARB is almost insoluble in water, with a solubility of only 0.0024 g / 100ml (25 ⁇ 2 ° C). Its water insolubility limits the development of liquid preparations such as injections and oral solutions. The preparations that have been on the market or are under research are mainly its tablets. For oral solid dosage forms such as pharmaceuticals and capsules, the existing formulation technology has not been able to overcome the disadvantages of water insolubility.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to improve the water solubility of ARB by preparing an ARB-cyclodextrin inclusion complex, so that it can be developed into a liquid preparation, so as to meet different clinical needs. At the same time, it can also improve the in vivo absorption of ARB solid preparations and increase their bioavailability.
  • Cyclodextrin (cyclodextrin, hereinafter abbreviated as CYD) has a ring-shaped hollow cylindrical structure with two ends open, and has a variety of homologues.
  • Common CYD is composed of 6, 7, 8 glucose molecules, and ⁇ -1, 4 Cyclic compounds connected by glycoside bonds are called ⁇ -, ⁇ -, and ⁇ -CYD, respectively, and their void sizes are different, which are a— CYD ⁇ 3—CYD ⁇ Y— CYD, when When the size and shape of the drug molecule is appropriate, it can enter the CYD cavity to form a single molecule inclusion complex.
  • CYD is used as the host molecule
  • the drug molecule is used as the guest molecule.
  • the two form an inclusion compound under the action of one or more forces such as van der Waals force, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic attraction.
  • the interior of the cavity of CYD is composed of C-H bond and ether bond, which is hydrophobic, which is more conducive to the inclusion of hydrophobic drugs; the exterior of the cavity and the entrance are rich in hydrophilicity, which significantly improves the solubility of the inclusion complex formed.
  • ARB is 6-bromo-1, 4- (dimethylaminomethyl), 5-hydroxy-1, 1-methyl-2 (phenylthiomethyl), 1H-indole, 3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride monohydrate
  • the structural formula is as follows:
  • the ARB molecule contains an indole ring and a benzene ring, and the molecular weight is 531.89. Since there are no large-volume groups in the ARB molecule, and the molecular weight is not very large, it can form clathrates with a molar ratio of 1: 1 with ⁇ - and Y-CYD with larger molecular voids.
  • a -CYD a drug molecule requires more than two main molecules to form a stable inclusion complex.
  • ARB molecules are strongly hydrophobic, the inclusion CYD after which the solubility is significantly increased, for example at 25 ° C and a hydroxypropyl ⁇ -CYD (HP- ⁇ -CYD) ( 6.0 X 10- 2 mol / L) aqueous solution
  • HP- ⁇ -CYD HP- ⁇ -CYD
  • the solubility of ARB increased from 0.0024g / 100ml to 1.63g / 100ml, a 680-fold increase.
  • ARB is hydrochloride. Its 0.002% aqueous solution (g / ml) has a pH between 4.85 and '5.05. It is unstable in aqueous solution and high temperature, and its appearance gradually turns yellow. Under acidic conditions, the stability of its aqueous solution can be maintained. For example, the addition of dilute hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid and other acidity regulators can significantly improve the color change of the sample.
  • the ARB inclusion compound according to the present invention contains the active ingredient ARB and the inclusion agent CYD Or its derivatives.
  • CYD includes ⁇ , ⁇ , y— CYD.
  • CYD derivatives include hydroxyethyl-CYD, hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -CTO, dimethyl- ⁇ -CYD, trimethyl-P-CYD, glucosyl_CYD, maltosyl-CYD, maltotriosyl A CYD, sulfobutyl ether- ⁇ -CYD, carboxymethyl- ⁇ -CYD, and ⁇ -CYD crosslinked with 3-chloro-1,2-propylene oxide (CDPS).
  • CDPS 3-chloro-1,2-propylene oxide
  • the molar ratio of ARB to CYD or a derivative thereof is 1: 1 to 10, preferably 1: 1 to 3.
  • the ARB-CYD inclusion compound can be prepared by the following methods, such as a saturated aqueous solution method, an ultrasonic method, a grinding method, a lyophilization method, a spray drying method, and a solution-stirring method.
  • Saturated aqueous solution method CYD or its derivative is made into a saturated aqueous solution, and then an appropriate amount of acidic substance is added. According to the molar ratio of ARB to the inclusion agent, ARB is dissolved with a small amount of a lower alcohol. The molecular drug is fully encapsulated, and the precipitate is filtered off, washed with an appropriate amount of a lower alcohol, and dried to obtain an ARB inclusion compound.
  • Ultrasound method After mixing the ARB with the inclusion agent according to the above method, use ultrasonic waves to replace the electronic or mechanical stirring force in the saturated aqueous solution method, use an ultrasonic crusher or an ultrasonic cleaning machine, select the appropriate intensity, and use the appropriate ultrasonic time instead of the stirring force.
  • the precipitate was treated as described above to obtain an ARB inclusion compound.
  • Solution-stirring method For CYD or its derivatives with greater solubility in water, an appropriate amount of an acidic substance can be added to an unsaturated CYD or its derivative aqueous solution, and a guest molecular drug can be added to form an inclusion complex by stirring.
  • the polymer (CDPS) has a high solubility in water, and is particularly suitable for preparing the inclusion compound by a solution-stirring method.
  • a co-solvent or a solubilizer can be added to the solution to further increase the solubility of the ARB to achieve the conditions for preparing a higher concentration ARB liquid preparation.
  • a co-solvent one or more of polyhydric alcohols such as polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol can be used, and as the solubilizer, one or more of the following non-ionic surfactants can be used: Tween type such as Tween-I 80.
  • Polyoxyethylene stearate such as Maize 25, polyoxyethylene castor oil such as Crmophor EL, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil such as Cremophor RH40, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer such as Pluronic F-68, etc.
  • Spray drying method If the prepared ARB inclusion compound is easily soluble in water, a solid inclusion compound can be obtained by spray drying method, which is characterized by high drying temperature, short heating time and high yield.
  • Freeze-drying method If the prepared ARB inclusion compound is easily soluble in water, a solid inclusion compound can be obtained by the freeze-drying method, which makes the inclusion compound loose in shape and has good dissolving performance.
  • the ARB inclusion compound can be further prepared into tablets, hard or soft capsules, oral solutions, injections, lyophilized powders and the like for oral administration or injection.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the solubilizing effect of HP- ⁇ -CYD solutions at different concentrations on ARB.
  • the figure shows the dissolution profile of the ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex tablet
  • Figure 3 is the thermogravimetric analysis chart of HP- ⁇ -CYD.
  • Figure 4 is the thermogravimetric analysis spectrum of ARB.
  • Fig. 5 is a thermogravimetric analysis spectrum of a physical mixture of ARB and HP- ⁇ -CYD
  • Fig. 6 is a thermogravimetric analysis spectrum of an ARB-HP- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex.
  • inclusion compounds prepared by ARB and CYD or a derivative thereof the inclusion compounds of ARB- ⁇ -CYD or ARB-HP- ⁇ -CYD are preferred.
  • the ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex can be prepared by a saturated aqueous solution method.
  • ⁇ -CYD is dissolved in water to form a saturated aqueous solution, and an appropriate amount of acidity regulator is added to make the solution pH 4.0 to 5.0;
  • ARB molar ratio with ⁇ -CYD is 1: 1 to 1:10
  • the precipitate is filtered off, washed with an appropriate amount of methanol or ethanol, and then dried.
  • ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex can also be prepared by grinding. Grind ⁇ -CYD with 2 to 5 times the amount of water, add an appropriate amount of acid regulator to make the pH of the suspension reach 4.0 ⁇ 5.0; dissolve ARB (molar ratio of ⁇ -CYD is 1: 1 to 1: 10) in a small amount Methanol or ethanol; add both together into a grinder and grind them into a paste, vacuum dry at 45 ° C, wash with an appropriate amount of methanol or ethanol, suction filter and dry.
  • the inclusion compound by a solution-stirring method. In the process of preparing the inclusion compound, it can be added to the solution. Co-solvents or solubilizers to further increase the solubility of ARB.
  • the general preparation method for preparing the ARB-CYD inclusion compound by the solution-stirring method is as follows: Dissolve CYD or its derivative with an appropriate amount of distilled water, and then add an appropriate amount of an acidic regulator to make the solution pH reach 4.0 ⁇ 5.0; The molar ratio of ⁇ -CYD is 1: 1 ⁇ 1: 1) 10) Add to the above CYD solution, add an appropriate amount of co-solvent or solubilizer as needed, and mix the liquid at 40 ⁇ 60 ° C with magnetic or electric stirring method at constant temperature for 10 ⁇ 60 Minutes, the solution gradually clarified to obtain the ARB-CYD inclusion complex solution.
  • the solution prepared by the above method is spray-dried or lyophilized to obtain a solid ARB-CYD inclusion compound.
  • thermogravimetric analysis TGA-DTA was also used to measure the heat of the physical mixture of HP --- CYD, ARB, ARB and HP__CYD, and the ARB-HP- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex obtained in this example. Reanalyze the maps, as shown in Figure 3-6.
  • HP_ ⁇ _CYD has an endothermic peak at 345 ° C
  • ARB has an endothermic peak at 120 ° C and 186 ° C
  • Physics of ARB and HP- ⁇ -CYD The mixture has an endothermic peak at 109 ° C and 201 ⁇
  • the inclusion of ARB-HP- ⁇ -CYD only has an endothermic peak at 221 ° C, that is, HP- ⁇ - CYD and ARB All of the characteristic peaks have disappeared, indicating the formation of a new phase-inclusion complex.
  • Example 6 Preparation of ARB-dimethyl- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex solution by solution-stirring method
  • the ARB-HP- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex prepared by this method has a solubility of 1.56 g / 100 ml at 25 ° CA B, and the solubility of ARB after HP- ⁇ -CYD inclusion is increased by 650 times.
  • Example 7 Preparation of ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion complex tablets
  • ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion compound is prepared into tablets (each tablet contains 50 mg of ARB), and the formula is as follows: ARB- ⁇ -CYD inclusion compound 287 mg starch 150.4 mg
  • the non-encapsulated ARB ordinary tablets were examined in vitro dissolution with the tablets prepared by the method of this embodiment.
  • the dissolution measurement method is as follows:

Description

阿比朵尔包合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种新的阿比朵尔与环糊精或者其 生物的分子包合 物, 以及该包合物的制备方法和它们在药物制剂中的应用。 背景技术
盐酸阿比朵尔 (Arbidol hydrochloride, 以下简称为 ARB) 是一种新 型抗病毒药物。 它对具有 A、 B型抗原的流感病毒的抗病毒活性最为显 著, 能选择性抑制 A、 B型流感病毒在细胞培养基中的复制。 ARB同时 具有免疫调节作用, 能够诱导产生干扰素, 激活巨噬细胞, 提高机体对 病毒感染的抵抗力, 是用于治疗 A、 B型病毒引起的流感和急性呼吸道 病毒性感染的新型抗病毒药物。
ARB几乎不溶于水, 溶解度仅为 0.0024 g/100ml (25 ±2°C ) , 其水 不溶性限制了其液体制剂如注射液及口服液的开发, 已经上市或正在进 行研究的制剂主要是其片剂和胶囊等口服固体剂型, 现有制剂技术尚无 法克服其水不溶性的缺点。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于通过制备 ARB—环糊精包合物, 提高 ARB的水 溶性, 使其能够被开发成为液体制剂, 从而适应临床上的不同需要。 同 时也可改善 ARB固体制剂的体内吸收, 提高其生物利用度。
环糊精 (cyclodextrin, 以下简称为 CYD) 具有两端开口的环状中空 圆筒形结构, 有多种同系物, 常见的 CYD是由 6、 7、 8个葡萄糖分子、 通过 α — 1, 4苷键连接而成的环状化合物, 分别称之为 α—、 β—和 γ -CYD, 其空洞大小不同, 依次为 a— CYD< 3—CYD< Y— CYD, 当 药物分子的大小、形状合适时, 可以进入 CYD空洞内, 形成单分子包合 物。在包合物中, CYD作为主分子, 药物分子作为客分子, 二者在范德 华力、 氢键、 静电引力等一种或几种力的作用下形成包合物。 CYD的空 洞内部由 C一 H键和醚键构成, 呈疏水性, 更有利于疏水性药物的包合; 空洞外部和入口处富有亲水性, 使形成的包合物溶解性显著提高。
ARB为 6—溴代一 4一 (二甲氨甲基) 一 5—羟基一 1一甲基一2 (苯 硫甲基) 一 1H—吲哚一 3—羧酸乙酯盐酸盐一水合物, 结构式如下:
Figure imgf000003_0001
ARB分子中含一个吲哚环和一个苯环,分子量为 531.89。由于 ARB 分子中没有体积太大的基团, 分子量也不是很大, 可以与分子空洞较大 的 β—和 Y— CYD形成摩尔比为 1 : 1的包合物, 而对于空洞内径较小 的 a -CYD, 一个药物分子则需要 2个以上的主分子才能形成稳定的包 合物。 ARB分子呈强疏水性, 经 CYD包合后, 其溶解度得到显著提高, 例如在 25°C的羟丙基一 β -CYD(HP- β -CYD) (6.0 X 10— 2mol/L)水溶 液中, ARB的溶解度由 0.0024g/100ml增加到 1.63g/100ml, 提高了 680 倍。
ARB为盐酸盐,其 0.002%的水溶液(g/ml) PH为 4.85〜'5.05之间, 在水溶液中和高温下不稳定, 外观逐渐变黄。 而在酸性条件下则可保持 其水溶液的稳定性, 如加入稀盐酸、 酒石酸、 柠檬酸、 磷酸、 乳酸等酸 性调节剂, 可明显改善样品颜色的变化。
在本发明所述的 ARB包合物中,含有活性成分 ARB和包合剂 CYD 或者其衍生物。
其中 CYD包括 α―、 β―、 y— CYD。
CYD衍生物包括羟乙基一 — CYD、 羟丙基一 β— CTO、 二甲基 — β— CYD、 三甲基— P—CYD、 葡糖基 _CYD、 麦芽糖基一 CYD、 麦 芽三糖基一 CYD、磺丁醚一 β -CYD,羧甲基一 β -CYD以及 β—CYD 与 3—氯一 1, 2—环氧丙烷交联而成的聚合物 (CDPS)。
本发明中 ARB与 CYD或者其衍生物的摩尔比为 1: 1〜10, 优选是 1: 1〜3。
本发明中 ARB— CYD包合物的制备可以采用以下方法,如饱和水溶 液法、 超声波法、 研磨法、 冻干法、 喷雾干燥法、 溶液一搅拌法等。
饱和水溶液法:将 CYD或者其衍生物制成饱和水溶液,再加入适量 酸性物质, 依照 ARB与包合剂的摩尔比, 用少量低级醇溶解 ARB, 将 客分子药物加入上述饱和酸性溶液, 搅拌使客分子药物被充分包合, 沉 淀物滤出并以适量的低级醇洗涤后干燥, 得 ARB包合物。
超声波法:依照上述方法 ARB与包合剂混合后, 用超声波替代上述 饱和水溶液法中的电子或机械搅拌力,用超声波破碎仪或超声波清洗机, 选择合适的强度, 超声适当时间, 代替搅拌力, 将析出沉淀如上法处理 即得 ARB包合物。
研磨法: 取 CYD或者其衍生物加入 2〜5倍量水研匀, 再加入适量 酸性物质, 依照 ARB与包合剂的摩尔比, 加入客分子药物, 自研磨机中 充分研磨成糊状,低温干燥后用适当溶剂洗净,干燥,即得 ARB包合物。
溶液一搅拌法:对于在水中溶解度较大的 CYD或者其衍生物,可在 未饱和的 CYD或者其衍生物水溶液中,加入适量酸性物质,加入客分子 药物, 经搅拌形成包合物。
在上述包合剂中, a— CYD、 Y— CYD、 羟乙基一 β—CYD、羟丙 基一 β -CYD,二甲基一 β -CYD,三甲基一 β -CYD,葡糖基一 CYD、 麦芽糖基一 CYD、 麦芽三糖基一 CYD、 磺丁醚— β— CYD、 羧甲基一 β -CYD包合物以及 β— CYD与 3—氯一 1, 2—环氧丙烷交联而成的聚合 物(CDPS)等在水中的溶解度较大, 尤其适合采用溶液一搅拌法制备包 合物。
在采用溶液一搅拌法制备包合物的过程中, 可在溶液中加入助溶剂 •或增溶剂以进一步提高 ARB的溶解度, 以达到制备较高浓度 ARB液体 制.剂的条件。 助溶剂可使用聚乙二醇、 丙二醇、 丙三醇等多元醇中的一 种或几种, 增溶剂可使用下列非离子型表面活性剂的一种或几种: 吐温 类如吐温一 80、 聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯如卖泽一 25、 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油如 Crmophor EL, 聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油如 Cremophor RH40、 聚氧乙烯一聚 氧丙烯共聚物如 Pluronic F— 68等。
喷雾干燥法:如果制得的 ARB包合物易溶于水, 可用喷雾干燥法得 到固体包合物, 特点是干燥温度高, 受热时间短, 产率高。
冷冻干燥法:如制得的 ARB包合物易溶于水,可用冷冻干燥法得到 固体包合物, 使包合物外形疏松, 溶解性能好。
可以将 ARB包合物进一步制备成片剂、 硬胶囊或软胶囊、 口服液、 注射液、 冻干粉等口服给药或注射给药剂型。
通过 ARB溶解度的提高, 一方面可以提高 ARB片剂、 胶囊等固体 剂型的体内溶出速率, 促进药物的体内吸收, 提高生物利用度; 另一方 面克服了 ARB水溶性差所造成的制剂局限性,使制备其液体制剂成为可 能,增加了 ARB的注射给药途径,从而能够满足临床上的不同用药需求。 附图说明
以下将参考附图对本发明进行描述, 其中:
图 1是显示不同浓度的 HP— β -CYD溶液对 ARB的增溶效果的 图, 图 是显示 ARB— β -CYD包合物片剂的溶出度曲线的图, 图 3是 HP— β -CYD的热重分析图谱,
图 4 是 ARB的热重分析图谱,
图 5是 ARB与 HP— β -CYD的物理混合物的热重分析图谱, 以及 图 6是 ARB— HP— β -CYD包合物的热重分析图谱。 具体实施方式
在 ARB与 CYD或者其衍生物制备成的包合物中,优选 ARB— β一 CYD包合物或 ARB— HP— β -CYD包合物。
ARB— β— CYD包合物的制备可以采用饱和水溶液法。 在 40〜60 °(水浴中将 β -CYD 加水溶解成为饱和水溶液, 再加入适量酸性调节 剂, 使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0; 将 ARB (与 β— CYD摩尔比为 1 : 1〜1: 10) 加入少量甲醇或乙醇溶解后, 将其加入 β— CYD 饱和水溶液中在 40〜60°C恒温搅拌 1〜4小时,将沉淀物滤出并以适量的甲醇或乙醇洗涤 后干燥。
也可以用超声波替代上述饱和水溶液法中的电子或机械搅拌力。 将 β -CYD加水适量,置超声波破碎仪或超声波清洗机中超声 5〜10分钟, 使其溶解成为饱和水溶液,再加入适量酸性调节剂,使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜 5.0; 取 ARB (与 β—CYD摩尔比为 1 : 1〜1: 10), 以少量甲醇或乙醇 溶解, 并将其加入 β— CYD饱和溶液中, 继续超声 10〜60分钟, 将沉 淀物滤出并以适量的甲醇或乙醇洗涤后干燥。
还可以采用研磨法制备 ARB— β -CYD包合物。将 β -CYD用 2〜 5倍量水研匀,加入适量酸性调节剂使混悬液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;将 ARB (与 β— CYD摩尔比为 1 : 1〜1: 10) 溶解于少量甲醇或乙醇中;将二者 一同加入研磨机中研磨成糊状,在 45°C真空干燥,以适量的甲醇或乙醇洗 涤, 抽滤并干燥。 对于在水中溶解度较大的 CYD或者其衍生物, 除了可以采用上述 制备方法外, 还可以并且优选釆用溶液一搅拌法制备包合物, 在制备包 合物的过程中,可在溶液中加入助溶剂或增溶剂以进一步提高 ARB的溶 解度。
采用溶液一搅拌法制备 ARB— CYD包合物的一般制备方法如下: 将 CYD或其衍生物用适量蒸馏水溶解, 再加入适量酸性调节剂,使 溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0; 另称取 ARB (与 β— CYD摩尔比为 1 : 1〜1: 10)加入上述 CYD溶液中, 根据需要可加入适量助溶剂或增溶剂, 混合 液在 40〜60°C以磁力或电动搅拌方法恒温搅拌 10〜60分钟, 溶液逐渐 澄清, 即得 ARB— CYD包合物溶液。
用以上方法制得的溶液进行喷雾干燥或冻干, 即可得到固体状 ARB -CYD包合物。
使用水溶性 CYD采取溶液一搅拌法制备 ARB— CYD包合物可以显 著提高 ARB 的溶解度, 以优选的 HP— β— CYD包合物为例, 测定了 ARB在不同浓度的 HP— β -CYD溶液中的溶解度, 溶解度数据见以下 表 1, 而增溶曲线如图 1所示。 表 1 不同浓度 HP- - β -CYD溶液对 ARB的增溶效果 (25°C )
HP— β -CYD浓度
ARB溶解度 (g/lOOml) 增溶倍数
(mol LX lO-2)
0 0.0024 1
1.0 0.35 145
2.0 0.56 233
3.0 0.88 367
4.0 1.07 446
5.0 1.34 558
6.0 1,63 680 从图 1的 ARB溶解度曲线图能够更为清楚地看出, ARB的溶解度 随 HP— β -CYD溶液浓度的增加而直线上升, 两者呈线性相关。 实施例 1: 饱和水溶液法制备 ARB— β -CYD包合物
称取 β— CYD 5克 (0.0044 mol), 置于附有电动搅拌装置的 500 ml 三颈瓶中, 加蒸馏水 135 ml, 置 40°C水浴使其溶解, 再加入适量稀盐酸 使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0; 称取 ARB 1.17克 (0.0022 mol), 以 15 ml甲醇 溶解, 并将其滴入 β— CYD饱和溶液中, 恒温搅拌 4小时, 反应液静置 沉淀、 抽滤, 沉淀物以适量的甲醇洗涤。 于 45°C真空干燥, 即得。
取此法得到的 ARB— β -CYD包合物 0.29 g (含 ARB 0.05 mg) 和 ARB 0.05 mg, 在 25°C分别加水 10 ml, 充分振摇溶解后过滤, 取滤液用 紫外分光光度法测其吸收度, 并计算其溶解度分别为 0.14 g/100 ml 和 0.0024 g/100 ml, ARB经 -CYD包合后溶解度提高了 58倍。 实施例 2: 超声波法制备 ARB— β -CYD包合物
称取 β -CYD10克 (0.0088 mol),加蒸馏水 300 ml,将容器置超声波 破碎仪中超声 5分钟,使其溶解,再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜 5.0; 称取 ARB1.17克 (0.0022 mol), 以 15ml甲醇溶解, 并将其滴入 β—
CYD饱和溶液中, 继续超声 20分钟, 反应液静置沉淀、 抽滤, 沉淀物 以适量的甲醇洗涤。 于 45°C真空干燥, 即得。 实施例 3: 研磨法制备 ARB— β— CYD包合物
取 10克 (0.0088 mol) 'β—CYD用 30 ml水研匀, 再加入适量柠檬 酸使其 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;将 1.17克 (0.0022 mol)克 ARB溶解于 15 ml甲 醇中, 将二者一同置于研磨机中研磨 1小时, 在 45°C真空干燥, 以适量 的甲醇洗涤, 抽滤, 在 45°C真空干燥、 粉碎, 即得 ARB— β— CYD包 合物 实施例 4: 溶液一搅拌法制备 ARB— γ -CYD包合物
( 1 ) 称取 46.69 g (0.036 mol) Y -CYD, 放入 400 ml蒸馏水中, 搅拌溶解, 再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;
(2) 另称取 ARB 10 g (0.018 mol), 加入上述 γ— CYD溶液中;
(3 ) 混合液以磁力搅拌方法搅拌 20分钟, 溶液逐渐澄清, 过滤, 滤液即为 ARB— Y -CYD包合物溶液。
(4) 用以上方法制得的溶液进行喷雾干燥或冻干,即可得到固体状 ARB- γ -CYD包合物。
经紫外分光光度法检测, 用此法制得的 ARB— γ— CYD 包合物在 25°CARB溶解度为 0.86 g/100 ml, ARB经 γ一 CYD包合后溶解度提高 了 358倍。 实施例 5: 溶液一搅拌法制备 ARB— HP— β -CYD包合物溶液
( 1 )称取 49.18 g (0.036 mol) HP— β -CYD, 放入 800 ml蒸馏水 中, 搅拌溶解, 再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;
(2) 另称取 ARB 10 g (0.018 mol), 加入上述 HP— — CYD溶液 中;
(3 )混合液在 50°C以磁力搅拌方法恒温搅拌 20分钟, 溶液逐渐澄 清, 即得 ARB— HP— β—CYD包合物溶液。
(4) 用以上方法制得的溶液进行喷雾干燥或冻干,即可得到固体状 ARB-HP- β -CYD包合物。
经紫外分光光度法检测, 用此法制得的 ARB— HP— β -CYD包合 物在 25°CARB溶解度为 1.56 g/100 ml, ARB经 HP— β—CYD包合后溶 解度提高了 650倍。 另外, 还用热重分析法 (TGA— DTA) 分别测定了 HP— — CYD、 ARB, ARB 与 HP_ _CYD 的物理混合物以及在本实施例中得到的 ARB— HP— β— CYD包合物的热重分析图谱, 分别如图 3— 6所示。 由 这些图谱中的曲线可以看出,ΗΡ_ β _CYD在 345°C处具有一个吸热峰; ARB在 120°C和 186°C处各有一个吸热峰; ARB与 HP— β一 CYD的物 理混合物在 109 °C和 201 Ό处各有一个吸热峰; 而 ARB— HP— β一 CYD 包合物仅在 221 °C处有一个吸热峰, 也就是说, HP— β— CYD和 ARB 的特征峰均已消失, 说明有新的物相一包合物的形成。 实施例 6: 溶液一搅拌法制备 ARB—二甲基一 β -CYD包合物溶液
( 1 )称取 40.72 g (0.036 mol) 2,6—二甲基一 β -CYD,放入 800 ml 蒸馏水中, 搅拌溶解, 再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;
(2) 另称取 ARB 10 g (0.018 mol), 加入上述二甲基一 β—CYD 溶液中;
(3 ) 混合液在 40°C以磁力搅拌方法恒温搅拌 40分钟, 溶液逐渐澄 清, 即得 ARB—二甲基一 β— CYD包合物溶液。
(5) 用以上方法制得的溶液进行喷雾干燥或冻干,即可得到固体状 ARB—二甲基一 β -CYD包合物。
经紫外分光光度法检测, 用此法制得的 ARB— HP— β -CYD包合 物在 25°CA B溶解度为 1.56 g/100 ml, ARB经 HP— β—CYD包合后溶 解度提高了 650倍。 实施例 7: ARB- β -CYD包合物片剂的制备
( 1 ) ARB— β—CYD包合物的制备同实施例 1。
(2) 将上述 ARB— β— CYD包合物制备成片剂 (每片含 ARB 50 mg), 配方如下: ARB- β -CYD包合物 287 mg 淀粉 150.4 mg
预胶化淀粉 ' 75.2 mg
交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 16.8 mg
2%羟丙基甲基纤维素 60 %乙 适量
醇溶液
硬脂酸镁 5.6 mg
总重 535 mg
(3)将 ARB— β— CYD包合物、 淀粉、 预胶化淀粉、 交联聚乙烯 吡咯垸酮混合均匀, 加入 2% 羟丙基甲基纤维素 60%乙醇溶液制软材, 并制成约 20目大小的颗粒, 干燥后加入硬脂酸镁压片。
将未经包合处理的 ARB普通片剂同采用本实施例方法制备的片剂 进行了体外溶出度考察, 溶出度测定方法如下:
取样品, 按照溶出度测定法 (中国药典 2000 版二部附录 X C第一 法), 以水 900 ml为溶剂, 转速每分钟 100转, 依法操作, 经 45分钟时 取溶液 10 ml滤过, 精密量取续滤液 3 ml置 25 ml量瓶中, 加水稀释到 刻度,摇匀,照分光光度法(中国药典 2000版二部附录 IV A),在 257 nm 的波长处测定吸收度; 另精密称取阿比朵尔对照品适量, 加水适量, 超 声使溶解, 加水稀释制成每 1 ml含 10 μ g的溶液, 同法操作, 计算出每 片的溶出量。 溶出度结果见表 2, 溶出曲线见图 2。 ' 表 2 溶出度结果
Figure imgf000012_0001
经 β—CYD包合的
0 18.4 43.88 69.3 89.13 96.75 99.86
ARB片
ARB普通片 0 7.34 23.56 41.75 63.22 78.83 90.12
从以上数据可以看出,经 β -CYD包合的 ARB片体外溶出度明显 高于未经包合处理的 ARB普通片剂的体外溶出度。 实施例 8: 制备 ARB— HP— β— CYD包合物注射液 (5 ml: 100 mg)
( 1 )称取 49.18 g (0.036 mol) HP— β -CYD, 放入 360 ml蒸馏水 和 40 ml丙二醇中, 搅拌溶解, 再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜 5.0;
(2) 另称取 ARB 10 g (0.018 mol), 加入上述 HP— β—CYD溶液 中;
(3)混合液在 50°C以磁力搅拌方法恒温搅拌 20分钟, 溶液逐渐澄 清, 即得 ARB— HP— β— CYD包合物溶液。
(4) 加注射用水至 500 ml, 搅拌均匀后经 0.22 μπι微孔滤膜过滤, 然后无菌灌装入 5 ml棕色安瓿即得。 实施例 9: 制备 ARB— HP— β— CYD包合物无菌粉针 (lOO mg /支)
( 1 )称取 49.18 g (0.036 mol) HP— β -CYD, 放入 400 ml蒸馏水 中, 搅拌溶解, 再加入适量酒石酸使溶液 PH达到 4.0〜5.0;
(2) 另称取 ARB 10 g (0.018 mol), 加入上述 HP— β—CYD溶液 中;
(3 )混合液在 50 °C以磁力搅拌方法恒温搅拌 20分钟, 溶液逐渐澄 清, 即得 ARB— HP— β— CYD包合物溶液。
(4) 加注射用水至 500 ml, 搅拌均匀后经 0.22 μιη微孔滤膜过滤, 然后无菌分装入西林瓶中 (5 ml/瓶), 冷冻干燥压盖即得。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种阿比朵尔包合物, 其含有活性成分阿比朵尔和包合剂环糊精 或者其衍生物。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的阿比朵尔包合物, 其中阿比朵尔与环糊精 或者其衍生物的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜10。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的阿比朵尔包合物, 其中所述环糊精包括 α 一、 β―、 Υ—环糊精; 所述环糊精衍生物包括: 羟乙基一 β—环糊精、 羟丙基一 β—环糊精、 二甲基一β—环糊精、 三甲基一 β—环糊精、 葡 糖基一环糊精、 麦芽糖基一环糊精、 麦芽三糖基一环糊精、 磺丁醚— β —环糊精、 羧甲基一β—环糊精以及 —环糊精与 3—氯一 1, 2—环氧 丙烷交联而成的聚合物。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的阿比朵尔包合物,其是阿比朵尔一 β—环 糊精包合物。
5、一种阿比朵尔包合物的制备方法, 其为饱和水溶液法并包括以下 步骤: 将作为包合剂的环糊精或者其衍生物制成饱和水溶液, 依照阿比 朵尔与包合剂的摩尔比, 用少量低级醇溶解阿比朵尔, 将阿比朵尔加入 上述饱和水溶液, 搅拌使阿比朵尔被充分包合, 沉淀物滤出并以适量的 低级醇洗涤后干燥, 得阿比朵尔包合物。
6、一种阿比朵尔包合物的制备方法, 其特征为溶液一搅拌法并包括
7、根据权利要求 6所述的制备方法, 其特征为: 环糊精或者其衍生 物具有良好的水溶性, 并选自于 α—环糊精、 Υ—环糊精、 羟乙基一 β 一环糊精、 羟丙基一 β—环糊精、 二甲基一 β—环糊精、 三甲基一 — 环糊精、 葡糖基一环糊精、 麦芽糖基一环糊精、 麦芽三糖基一环糊精、 磺丁醚一 β—环糊精、 羧甲基一 β—环糊精包合物以及 β—环糊精与 3 一氯一 1, 2—环氧丙垸交联而成的聚合物。
8、 一种阿比朵尔包合物的制备方法, 其为研磨法并包括以下步骤: 取作为包合剂的环糊精或者其衍生物加入 2〜5倍量水研匀,依照阿比朵 尔与包合剂的摩尔比, 加入阿比朵尔药物, 置研磨机中充分研磨成糊状, 用适当溶剂洗涤,'干燥, 即得阿比朵尔包合物。
9、 如权利要求 1一 4之一所述的阿比朵尔包合物在制备肠道给药或 非肠道给药制剂中的用途。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的用途, 其中所述制剂是用于治疗由病毒引 起的疾病。
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RU2033157C1 (ru) * 1987-12-16 1995-04-20 Центр по химии лекарственных средств Средство, обладающее интерферониндуцирующей и иммуномодулирующей (иммуностимулирующей) активностью

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CN110575550A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2019-12-17 大梆(沈阳)动物保健有限公司 一种遮蔽兽用复方中药不良嗅味的方法

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