WO2004062948A1 - Tyre pressure monitoring device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Tyre pressure monitoring device for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004062948A1
WO2004062948A1 PCT/EP2004/000097 EP2004000097W WO2004062948A1 WO 2004062948 A1 WO2004062948 A1 WO 2004062948A1 EP 2004000097 W EP2004000097 W EP 2004000097W WO 2004062948 A1 WO2004062948 A1 WO 2004062948A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control device
air pressure
transmitter
tire air
pressure control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000097
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Volker Pretzlaff
Rainer Vens
Michael Fromm
Original Assignee
Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2004062948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004062948A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
    • B60C23/0433—Radio signals
    • B60C23/0447—Wheel or tyre mounted circuits
    • B60C23/045—Means for detecting electromagnetic field changes being not part of the signal transmission per se, e.g. strength, direction, propagation or masking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tire air pressure control device for a motor vehicle with a plurality of wheels each equipped with a pneumatic tire, comprising at least one control unit provided with an HF transceiver and to each pneumatic tire monitored, coupled to a pressure measurement module and for bidirectional communication with the central control unit provided RF transmitters / receivers.
  • Tire pressure monitoring systems of this type are used increasingly in motor vehicles, also required by law.
  • Various types of systems are used in today's vehicles: In some cases, the sensors in the individual wheels are specifically woken up by inductive fields. Each wheel is assigned an inductive transmitter, which is usually located in or near the wheel arch and controls the NF receiver of the corresponding wheel. The actual pressure value is then transmitted by means of a high-frequency carrier. This HF signal is then either received via individual HF receivers assigned to the respective wheels and, for example, present in the wheel arches, or they are received by means of at least one HF receiver arranged in the vehicle for further processing in a control unit. For cost reasons, other systems do not specifically control a wheel using a low-frequency, inductive signal for the purpose of transmitting the pressure value.
  • Today's driving and access authorization control systems consist of different function blocks; a bidirectional data exchange usually takes place between the vehicle and an ID transmitter, which is carried out with the aid of low-frequency and / or high-frequency signals.
  • an ID transmitter In the case of higher-value systems, it is customary to equip the vehicle with several low-frequency inductive transmission coils.
  • the NF signal which in turn is received by an ID transmitter, is sent out via these coils, which are attached at certain positions in the vehicle.
  • This position determination in the ID transmitter can then in turn be communicated to the vehicle, whereby certain functions are controlled. For example, the determination of whether the ID transmitter is located inside or outside the vehicle can be used to decide whether or not to give the engine a start.
  • the Opening a certain door depending on the position of the ID transmitter relative to the vehicle (right or left).
  • the tire air pressure control device has the advantage over the prior art of enabling a position of a particular wheel to be determined at any time, so that even after the wheels have been mixed up, it is always ensured that the correct assignment of the air pressure value to the respective one Wheel position is given.
  • the device also makes it possible to determine the position of further components provided with HF transceivers, such as a portable ID transmitter, of a keyless entry or driving authorization control device.
  • the HF transmission / reception devices are additionally provided with means which enable the distance between two HF transmission / reception devices to be determined.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention over the prior art is, moreover, improved protection against manipulation attempts from the outside, for example a driver by one of Incorrect indication of a loss of tire pressure caused by theft is intended to be stopped outside the vehicle.
  • the distance measurement takes place in the device according to the invention e.g. by determining a signal transit time.
  • the signal transit time can be determined, for example, by a method that includes a comparison of the modulation variables of a modulated carrier wave, as described in DE 198 39 896 C2, to which reference is hereby expressly made.
  • the central control unit Z1 and optional further control units Z2, ... are located, like the four wheels VL, VR, HL, HR, in known positions in a Cartesian coordinate system with respect to the vehicle 1, the origin (0,0,0) of which one eg can determine at the location of the control unit Z1, the wheel positions should be designated as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), (x3, y3, z3) and (x4, y4, z4).
  • To determine which wheel is at which position it can be addressed by radio and its distance from at least one of the control units can be determined. Since the distances of the wheel positions from the control units are different, the assignment sought must be determined.
  • a transceiver with at least 2 antennas can also be used in diversity mode instead become.
  • an ID transmitter 2 belonging to a keyless access authorization system it is necessary to have at least three known positions (so-called fixed points) from a distance measurement to an unknown point (x, y, z) in order to be able to clearly determine its absolute position.
  • fixed points position of the four wheels and the at least one central control device Z1
  • five fixed points are already available, so that a location can be determined by means of distance measurements.
  • the trigonometric relationships between the individual points and the measured distances are used, or vector relationships (see also the principle of operation of the GPS system).
  • the unknown position is determined by an equation system using the determined distances and the known positions of the at least three fixed points, each further measurement of a further known point naturally improving the accuracy.
  • the measurement becomes more precise the further the relative distance between the individual known fixed points is compared to the distance to the unknown point, since it is helpful here to achieve the greatest possible angle difference between the individual measurements.
  • ⁇ 3 ⁇ J ( X - ⁇ X 3) 2 + (v - - V 3) 2 + (z - - Z 3) 2
  • LA ⁇ j (x - 14) 2 + (y - V 4) 2 + (z - Z 4)
  • the central control unit Z1 can include both the functionalities of the tire air pressure control device and that of the keyless access authorization control device.
  • An application of the position determination of the ID transmitter can of course also be to differentiate the position between the interior and exterior of the vehicle.
  • a user / carrier of the ID transmitter approaches, its direction can be recognized by the vehicle and, depending on this direction, only the correspondingly selected door can be opened, e.g. the driver's door or the trunk. Any other controls depending on the position of the ID transmitter, or the direction of approach or removal of the ID transmitter from the vehicle, are thus conceivable.
  • the possibility of determining the position of the wheels with respect to the vehicle also opens up applications in the context of an anti-theft alarm system by manipulating the wheels, e.g. the unauthorized removal of the same from the vehicle can be registered and used for a corresponding display or for triggering an alarm.

Abstract

The invention relates to a tyre pressure monitoring device, for a motor vehicle with several wheels equipped with pneumatic tyres, comprising at least one controller provided with a HF transceiver and a HF transceiver provided for bi-directional communication with the central controller on each monitored pneumatic tyre, coupled to a pressure measurement module. Provision for said device of a positional determination of the wheels of the vehicle and further components provided with HF transceivers such as a portable ID transmitter for a keyless access and keyless-go control device at any point in time is of advantage in comparison with the state of the art. The above is achieved whereby the HF transceivers are additionally provided with means for determining the separation between each two HF transceivers.

Description

Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug Tire pressure monitoring device for a motor vehicle
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit mehreren mit je einem Luftreifen ausgerüsteten Rädern, umfassend zumindest ein mit einer HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung versehenes Steuergerät sowie an jedem überwachten Luftreifen vorhandene, mit einem Druckmessmodul gekoppelte und zur bidirektionalen Kommunikation mit dem zentralen Steuergerät vorgesehene HF- Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen.The invention relates to a tire air pressure control device for a motor vehicle with a plurality of wheels each equipped with a pneumatic tire, comprising at least one control unit provided with an HF transceiver and to each pneumatic tire monitored, coupled to a pressure measurement module and for bidirectional communication with the central control unit provided RF transmitters / receivers.
Derartige Reifenluftdruck-Kontrollsysteme finden immer häufiger, auch durch den Gesetzgeber gefordert, Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen. In heutigen Fahrzeugen kommen verschiedenartige Systeme zum Einsatz: Teilweise werden die Sensoren in den einzelnen Rädern durch induktive Felder gezielt geweckt. Dabei ist jedem Rad ein induktiver Sender zugeordnet, welcher i.d.R. im Radkasten bzw. dessen Nähe angeordnet ist und den NF- Empfänger des entsprechenden Rades ansteuert. Die Übermittlung des eigentlichen Druckwertes erfolgt dann mittels eines hochfrequenten Trägers. Dieses HF-Signal wird dann entweder über einzelne, den jeweiligen Rädern zugeordnete und z.B. in den Radkästen vorhandene HF-Empfänger empfangen, oder sie werden mittels mindestens eines im Fahrzeug angeordneten HF-Empfängers empfangen zur weiteren Verarbeitung in einem Steuergerät. Andere Systeme verzichten aus Kostengründen auf die spezifische Ansteuerung eines Rades per niederfrequentem, induktivem Signal zum Zwecke der Druckwertübermittlung. Stattdessen senden diese Reifendrucksensoren die Informationen nur aufgrund von Druckschwankungen, oder durch Beschleunigungssensoren oder zeitlich gesteuert per Funk an einen oder mehrere Empfänger im Fahrzeug. Die DE 100 14 076 A1 offenbart eine Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs. Bei dieser Einrichtung sind sowohl die den Rädern zugeordneten Komponenten als auch ein zentrales Steuergerät jeweils mit einer HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung versehen. Dadurch kann eine gezielte Abfrage der überwachten Luftreifen erfolgen, so daß eine mögliche Störung anderer, ebenfalls funkbasierter Systeme, wie etwa eines Zugangs- oder Fahrberechtigungs-Kontrollsystems verrringert werden kann. Eine feste Zuordnung der Funkinformation zu einer Radposition ist hierbei nur solange gegeben, wie das Rad an seiner jeweiligen Position bleibt, d.h. nach einem Reifenwechsel ausserhalb von Werkstätten ist die Zuordnung eventuell nicht mehr gegeben. Hier kann die erneute örtliche Zuordnung ggf. nur durch Anlernprozesse in Werkstätten oder durch andere zusätzliche Maßnahmen erreicht werden.Tire pressure monitoring systems of this type are used increasingly in motor vehicles, also required by law. Various types of systems are used in today's vehicles: In some cases, the sensors in the individual wheels are specifically woken up by inductive fields. Each wheel is assigned an inductive transmitter, which is usually located in or near the wheel arch and controls the NF receiver of the corresponding wheel. The actual pressure value is then transmitted by means of a high-frequency carrier. This HF signal is then either received via individual HF receivers assigned to the respective wheels and, for example, present in the wheel arches, or they are received by means of at least one HF receiver arranged in the vehicle for further processing in a control unit. For cost reasons, other systems do not specifically control a wheel using a low-frequency, inductive signal for the purpose of transmitting the pressure value. Instead, these tire pressure sensors only send the information to one or more receivers in the vehicle on the basis of pressure fluctuations, acceleration sensors or time-controlled radio transmission. DE 100 14 076 A1 discloses a tire air pressure control device according to the preamble of the main claim. In this device, both the components assigned to the wheels and a central control unit are each provided with an HF transceiver. This allows the monitored pneumatic tires to be interrogated in a targeted manner, so that a possible malfunction of other, likewise radio-based systems, such as an access or driving authorization control system, can be reduced. A fixed assignment of the radio information to a wheel position is only given as long as the wheel remains in its respective position, ie after a tire change outside of workshops, the assignment may no longer exist. Here, the new local assignment can only be achieved through training processes in workshops or through other additional measures.
Heutige Fahr- und Zugangsberechtigungs-Kontrollsysteme (z.B. KeylessGo) bestehen aus unterschiedlichen Funktionsblöcken; so findet in aller Regel ein bidirektionaler Datenaustausch zwischen dem Fahrzeug und einem ID-Geber statt, welcher mit Hilfe niederfrequenter und/oder hochfrequenter Signale durchgeführt wird. Bei höherwertigen Systemen ist eine Ausstattung des Fahrzeugs mit mehreren niederfrequenten induktiven Sendespulen üblich. Über diese Spulen, welche an bestimmten Positionen im Fahrzeug angebracht sind, wird das NF-Signal ausgesendet, welches wiederum von einem ID-Geber empfangen wird. Abhängig von der Empfangsfeldstärke am Ort des ID-Gebers bzw. der Stärke des empfangenen Signals im ID-Geber kann dann auf eine relative oder sogar absolute Position zum Fahrzeug geschlossen werden. Diese Positionsbestimmung im ID-Geber kann dann wiederum dem Fahrzeug mitgeteilt werden, wodurch bestimmte Funktionen gesteuert werden. So kann z.B. die Feststellung, ob sich der ID-Geber innerhalb oder außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet, dazu benutzt werden, zu entscheiden, ob eine Startfreigabe des Motors erteilt wird oder nicht. Weiterhin kann z.B. die Öffnung einer bestimmten Tür von der Position des ID-Gebers relativ zum Fahrzeug abhängig gemacht werden (rechts oder links).Today's driving and access authorization control systems (eg KeylessGo) consist of different function blocks; a bidirectional data exchange usually takes place between the vehicle and an ID transmitter, which is carried out with the aid of low-frequency and / or high-frequency signals. In the case of higher-value systems, it is customary to equip the vehicle with several low-frequency inductive transmission coils. The NF signal, which in turn is received by an ID transmitter, is sent out via these coils, which are attached at certain positions in the vehicle. Depending on the reception field strength at the location of the ID transmitter or the strength of the received signal in the ID transmitter, it can then be concluded that the position is relative or even absolute to the vehicle. This position determination in the ID transmitter can then in turn be communicated to the vehicle, whereby certain functions are controlled. For example, the determination of whether the ID transmitter is located inside or outside the vehicle can be used to decide whether or not to give the engine a start. Furthermore, the Opening a certain door depending on the position of the ID transmitter relative to the vehicle (right or left).
Die Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung hat gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, eine Positionsbestimmung eines jeweiligen Rades zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt zu ermöglichen, so daß auch nach einem Vertauschen der Räder stets sichergestellt ist, daß die richtige Zuordnung des Luftdruckwertes zu der jeweiligen Radposition gegeben ist. Darüberhinaus ermöglicht die Einrichtung auch die Positionsbestimmung weiterer mit HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen versehener Komponenten wie etwa eines tragbaren ID-Gebers einer schlüssellosen Zugangs- bzw. Fahrberechtigungskontrolleinrichtung.The tire air pressure control device according to the present invention has the advantage over the prior art of enabling a position of a particular wheel to be determined at any time, so that even after the wheels have been mixed up, it is always ensured that the correct assignment of the air pressure value to the respective one Wheel position is given. In addition, the device also makes it possible to determine the position of further components provided with HF transceivers, such as a portable ID transmitter, of a keyless entry or driving authorization control device.
Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß die HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen zusätzlich mit Mitteln versehen sind, die die Bestimmung des Abstandes zwischen jeweils zwei HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen ermöglichen.This is achieved in that the HF transmission / reception devices are additionally provided with means which enable the distance between two HF transmission / reception devices to be determined.
Durch die Bestimmung der Abstände der HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen der Räder zu zumindest einer im Fahrzeug außermittig und asymmetrisch positionierten HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung oder durch Bestimmung mehrerer solcher Abstände zu verschiedenen HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen ist eine Positionsbestimmung des jeweiligen Rades relativ zum Fahrzeug möglich. Zusätzlich kann eine Abstandsmessung der Räder untereinander vorgenommen werden. Ebenso ist die eindeutige Bestimmung der Position eines ID-Gebers relativ zum Fahrzeug möglich, indem dessen jeweiliger Abstand zu zumindest drei in ihrer Postion bezüglich des Fahrzeugs bekannten HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen bestimmt wird.By determining the distances between the RF transmission / reception devices of the wheels and at least one RF transmission / reception device positioned eccentrically and asymmetrically in the vehicle, or by determining several such distances to different RF transmission / reception devices, it is possible to determine the position of the respective wheel relative to the vehicle , In addition, the distance between the wheels can be measured. Likewise, it is possible to clearly determine the position of an ID transmitter relative to the vehicle by determining its respective distance from at least three HF transceivers known in their position with respect to the vehicle.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik besteht überdies in einem verbesserten Schutz gegenüber Manipulationsversuchen von außen, wobei etwa ein Fahrer durch eine von außerhalb des Fahrzeugs veranlaßte, fälschliche Anzeige eines Reifendruckverlustes in Diebstahlsabsicht zum Anhalten bestimmt wird.Another advantage of the device according to the invention over the prior art is, moreover, improved protection against manipulation attempts from the outside, for example a driver by one of Incorrect indication of a loss of tire pressure caused by theft is intended to be stopped outside the vehicle.
Die Abstandsmessung erfolgt bei der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung z.B. durch die Ermittlung einer Signallaufzeit. Die Signallaufzeit kann dabei etwa durch ein einen Vergleich der Modulationsvariablen einer modulierten Trägerwelle beinhaltendes Verfahren bestimmt werden, wie es in der DE 198 39 896 C2 beschrieben ist, auf die hiermit ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird.The distance measurement takes place in the device according to the invention e.g. by determining a signal transit time. The signal transit time can be determined, for example, by a method that includes a comparison of the modulation variables of a modulated carrier wave, as described in DE 198 39 896 C2, to which reference is hereby expressly made.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand des in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing.
Das zentrale Steuergerät Z1 sowie optionale weitere Steuergeräte Z2,... befinden sich ebenso, wie die vier Räder VL, VR, HL, HR bezüglich des Fahrzeugs 1 an bekannten Positionen, in einem kartesischen Koordinatensystem, dessen Ursprung (0,0,0) man z.B. am Ort des Steuergeräts Z1 festlegen kann, sollen die Radpositionen als (x1 ,y1 ,z1 ), (x2,y2,z2), (x3,y3,z3) und (x4,y4,z4) bezeichnet sein. Um festzustellen, welches Rad an welcher Position ist, kann dieses per Funk angesprochen werden, und dessen Abstand von zumindest einem der Steuergeräte bestimmt werden. Da die Abstände der Radpositionen von den Steuergeräten unterschiedlich sind, ist so die gesuchte Zuordnung zu ermitteln. Um neben der Position des zentralen Steuergeräts Z1 eine weitere Position zur Erhöhung der Genauigkeit zu haben ist es nicht unbedingt erforderlich eine zweite autarke fahrzeugseitige HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung zu verwenden, es kann stattdessen auch ein Transceiver mit mind. 2 Antennen im Diversity- Betrieb verwendet werden.The central control unit Z1 and optional further control units Z2, ... are located, like the four wheels VL, VR, HL, HR, in known positions in a Cartesian coordinate system with respect to the vehicle 1, the origin (0,0,0) of which one eg can determine at the location of the control unit Z1, the wheel positions should be designated as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), (x3, y3, z3) and (x4, y4, z4). To determine which wheel is at which position, it can be addressed by radio and its distance from at least one of the control units can be determined. Since the distances of the wheel positions from the control units are different, the assignment sought must be determined. In order to have a further position to increase the accuracy in addition to the position of the central control device Z1, it is not absolutely necessary to use a second autonomous vehicle-side RF transceiver, a transceiver with at least 2 antennas can also be used in diversity mode instead become.
Zur Positionsbestimmung eines einem schlüssellosen Zugangsberechtigungssystems zugehörigen ID-Gebers 2 ist es erforderlich, von mindestens drei bekannten Positionen (sogenannten Fixpunkten) aus jeweils eine Abstandsmessung zu einem unbekannten Punkt (x,y,z) vorzunehmen, um dessen absolute Position eindeutig feststellen zu können. Mit der Position der vier Räder sowie des zumindest einen zentralen Steuergeräts Z1 stehen schon fünf Fixpunkte zur Verfügung, so daß eine Ortsbestimmung mittels Abstandsmessungen möglich ist. Dazu werden die trigonometrischen Beziehungen zwischen den einzelnen Punkten sowie die gemessenen Abstände herangezogen, oder aber vektorielle Beziehungen (vgl. auch Funktionsprinzip des GPS-Systems). In jedem Fall wird durch ein Gleichungssystem die unbekannte Position unter Verwendung der ermittelten Abstände sowie der bekannten Positionen der zumindest drei Fixpunkte ermittelt, wobei jede weitere Messung von einem weiteren bekannten Punkt natürlich die Genauigkeit verbessert. Die Messung wird umso genauer, je weiter der relative Abstand zwischen den einzelnen bekannten Fixpunkten untereinander im Vergleich zum Abstand zum unbekannten Punkt ist, da es hier hilfreich ist, einen möglichst großen Winkelunterschied zwischen den einzelnen Messungen zu erzielen.To determine the position of an ID transmitter 2 belonging to a keyless access authorization system, it is necessary to have at least three known positions (so-called fixed points) from a distance measurement to an unknown point (x, y, z) in order to be able to clearly determine its absolute position. With the position of the four wheels and the at least one central control device Z1, five fixed points are already available, so that a location can be determined by means of distance measurements. For this purpose, the trigonometric relationships between the individual points and the measured distances are used, or vector relationships (see also the principle of operation of the GPS system). In any case, the unknown position is determined by an equation system using the determined distances and the known positions of the at least three fixed points, each further measurement of a further known point naturally improving the accuracy. The measurement becomes more precise the further the relative distance between the individual known fixed points is compared to the distance to the unknown point, since it is helpful here to achieve the greatest possible angle difference between the individual measurements.
Da bei einem Fahrzeug die Eckpunkte der Karosse die am weitesten voneinander entfernten Punkte darstellen, kommen die Radpositionen dieser Forderung in beinahe idealer Weise nach. Die Räder sind jeweils mit einer dem Reifenluftdruck-Kontrollsystem zugehörigen Sensor-Elektronik sowie einer HF-Sende/Empangseinrichtung, die die Möglichkeit der bidirektionalen Kommunikation bietet, ausgestattet. Darüberhinaus verfügen sie jeweils über eine Einrichtung zur Messung der Abstände zu anderen HF-Sende/Empangs- einrichtungen. Wird nun von allen 4 Rädern eine Abstandsmessung zu einem in der unbekannten Position (x,y,z) befindlichen ID-Geber vorgenommen, so können die jeweils ermittelten Abstände L1 , L2, L3 und L4 zwischen dem betreffenden Rad und dem ID-Geber 2 einer zentralen Einheit Z1 übermittelt werden (z.B. auch über Funk). Die Abstände sind in den Koordinaten der bekannten Radpositionen sowie der unbekannten I D-Geber-Position ausgedrückt: = Vo - x ) 2 + ( v - V I) 2 + (z - • z i) 2 Since the corner points of the body are the most distant points on a vehicle, the wheel positions fulfill this requirement in an almost ideal way. The wheels are each equipped with sensor electronics belonging to the tire air pressure control system and an HF transmission / reception device, which offers the possibility of bidirectional communication. In addition, they each have a device for measuring the distances to other RF transmitters / receivers. If a distance measurement is now carried out from all 4 wheels to an ID transmitter located in the unknown position (x, y, z), the distances L1, L2, L3 and L4 between the respective wheel and the ID transmitter 2 can be determined a central unit Z1 are transmitted (for example also by radio). The distances are expressed in the coordinates of the known wheel positions and the unknown I D encoder position: = Vo - x) 2 + (v - VI) 2 + (z - • zi) 2
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
∑ 3 = ΛJ(X - ■ X 3 ) 2 + ( v - - V 3 ) 2 + (z - - Z 3 ) 2 ∑ 3 = ΛJ ( X - ■ X 3) 2 + (v - - V 3) 2 + (z - - Z 3) 2
L A = τj(x - 14) 2 + ( y - V 4) 2 + (z - Z 4)LA = τj (x - 14) 2 + (y - V 4) 2 + (z - Z 4)
Durch diese 4 Abstands-lnformationen kann dann eine eindeutige Aussage über die Position (x,y,z) des ID-Gebers 2 gemacht werden. Das zentrale Steuergerät Z1 kann dabei sowohl die Funktionalitäten der Reifenluftdruck- Kontrolleinrichtung als auch die der schlüssellosen Zugangsberechtigungs- Kontrolleinrichtung umfassen.This 4 distance information can then be used to make a clear statement about the position (x, y, z) of the ID transmitter 2. The central control unit Z1 can include both the functionalities of the tire air pressure control device and that of the keyless access authorization control device.
Eine Anwendung der Positionsbestimmung des ID-Gebers kann natürlich auch die Unterscheidung der Position zwischen Innen- und Außenbereich des Fahrzeugs sein. Es kann jedoch auch schon bei Annäherung eines Nutzers/Trägers des ID-Gebers dessen Richtung vom Fahrzeug erkannt werden, und abhängig von dieser Richtung nur die entsprechend selektierte Tür geöffnet werden, z.B. die Fahrertür oder der Kofferraum. Jegliche andere Steuerungen in Abhängigkeit der Position des ID-Gebers, oder aber der Richtung der Annäherung oder des Entfernens des ID-Gebers vom Fahrzeug, sind damit denkbar.An application of the position determination of the ID transmitter can of course also be to differentiate the position between the interior and exterior of the vehicle. However, when a user / carrier of the ID transmitter approaches, its direction can be recognized by the vehicle and, depending on this direction, only the correspondingly selected door can be opened, e.g. the driver's door or the trunk. Any other controls depending on the position of the ID transmitter, or the direction of approach or removal of the ID transmitter from the vehicle, are thus conceivable.
Die Möglichkeit, die Position der Räder bezüglich des Fahrzeugs zu ermitteln eröffnet auch Anwendungen im Rahmen einer Diebstahlwarnanlage, indem Manipulationen an den Rädern, wie z.B. das unerlaubte Entfernen derselben vom Fahrzeug registriert werden und zu einer entsprechenden Anzeige bzw. zu einer Alarmauslösung herangezogen werden können. The possibility of determining the position of the wheels with respect to the vehicle also opens up applications in the context of an anti-theft alarm system by manipulating the wheels, e.g. the unauthorized removal of the same from the vehicle can be registered and used for a corresponding display or for triggering an alarm.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit mehreren mit je einem Luftreifen ausgerüsteten Rädern, umfassend zumindest ein mit einer HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung versehenes Steuergerät sowie an jedem überwachten Luftreifen vorhandene, mit einem Druckmessmodul gekoppelte und zur bidirektionalen Kommunikation mit dem zentralen Steuergerät vorgesehene HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen zusätzlich mit Mitteln versehen sind, die die Bestimmung des Abstandes zwischen jeweils zwei HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen ermöglichen.1. Tire air pressure control device for a motor vehicle with a plurality of wheels each equipped with a pneumatic tire, comprising at least one control device provided with an HF transmitter / receiver device and HF present on each monitored pneumatic tire, coupled to a pressure measurement module and provided for bidirectional communication with the central control device -Transmitting / receiving devices, characterized in that the HF transmitting / receiving devices are additionally provided with means which enable the determination of the distance between two respective HF transmitting / receiving devices.
2. Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen der Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung auch zur Kommunikation mit weiteren, in Komponenten einer dem Kraftfahrzeug zugeordneten, schlüssellosen Zugangsberechtigungs-Kontrolleinrichtung vorhandenen HF- Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen vorgesehen sind.2. Tire air pressure control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the RF transmitters / receivers of the tire air pressure control device are also provided for communication with other RF transmitters / receivers present in components of a keyless access authorization control device assigned to the motor vehicle.
3. Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Komponenten der dem Kraftfahrzeug zugeordneten, schlüssellosen Zugangsberechtigungs-Kontrolleinrichtung zumindest ein trägbarer ID-Geber sowie ein im Fahrzeug angeordnetes Steuergerät vorhanden sind.3. Tire air pressure control device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one portable ID transmitter and a control unit arranged in the vehicle are present as components of the keyless access authorization control device assigned to the motor vehicle.
4. Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine gemeinsame HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtung für die Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung sowie die schlüssellose Zugangsberechtigungs-Kontrolleinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Bestimmung des Abstandes zwischen jeweils zwei HF-Sende/Empfangseinrichtungen eine Einrichtung zur Ermittlung einer Signallaufzeit umfassen.4. Tire air pressure control device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a common RF transmitter / receiver device is provided for the tire air pressure control device and the keyless access authorization control device. Tire air pressure control device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the means for determining the distance between each two RF transmitter / receiver devices comprise a device for determining a signal transit time.
Reifenluftdruck-Kontrolleinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zur Ermittlung einer Signallaufzeit Mittel zum Vergleich der Modulationsvariablen einer modulierten Trägerwelle umfaßt. Tire air pressure control device according to claim 5, characterized in that the device for determining a signal transit time comprises means for comparing the modulation variables of a modulated carrier wave.
PCT/EP2004/000097 2003-01-11 2004-01-09 Tyre pressure monitoring device for a motor vehicle WO2004062948A1 (en)

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