WO2004051802A1 - Antenna for communication with a satellite - Google Patents
Antenna for communication with a satellite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004051802A1 WO2004051802A1 PCT/IT2002/000752 IT0200752W WO2004051802A1 WO 2004051802 A1 WO2004051802 A1 WO 2004051802A1 IT 0200752 W IT0200752 W IT 0200752W WO 2004051802 A1 WO2004051802 A1 WO 2004051802A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- per
- amplitude
- satellite
- communication system
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
Definitions
- This invention refers to telecommunication systems and it concerns in particular a satellite telecommunication system.
- stationary satellites cover an ever more important role, both for television connections and for all the other applications, where they are used as transponders, for example in telephone communications.
- these satellites are located at a height of approx. 36,000 km in an orbit contained in the plane passing by the terrestrial equator. At this height, the speed, which this satellite must have to keep its position in the orbit, nullifying the gravitational pull force coincides with the earth rotation speed.
- the final result for an observer on the Earth is that of seeing the fixed satellite in a precise position on the horizon.
- the choice of the orbital position (15°East, 28°West etc.) is made to stay, as much as possible, over the regions on the earth surface where the television signal is to be sent.
- the position of one of the Hot BirdTM(13°East) satellites, used to broadcast television signals is optimal to cover Central Europe.
- orbital positions shifted westwards are used for the Americas, and orbital positions shifted eastwards for Australia.
- satellites are equipped with antennas having a radiation pattern shaped to concentrate transmitted power towards areas to be served.
- Satellite position on the celestial vault, as seen by the land station is defined by the azimuth and the elevation angles, referred to the geographic North and to the horizon plane respectively, and it obviously varies according to the geographical co-ordinates of the land station itself. In particular, moving towards the poles, the angle between the horizon and the satellite direction , is gradually reduced, while the latitude increases (both Northwards and Southwards). For this reason, to receive a stationary satellite in the regions near the
- Equator it is necessary to aim the antenna almost to the zenith (should the orbital position not coincide with the zenith of the land station, this angle must be recovered by slightly tilting the antenna).
- the satellite communication system being the purpose of this invention, and since it does not require aiming the antenna elevation, it can be installed in any place in a nation like Italy and it therefore enables using, and hence producing and distributing only one antenna model, entailing the reduction of production and storage costs.
- the antenna can be installed in a vertical position, adhering to a wall, and this therefore means that it is not so showy, and that it complies with the regulations protecting the inner city urban decor.
- a satellite telecommunications system as described in the characterising part of claim 1 is the particular purpose of this invention.
- - Fig. 1 represents the main lobe of a radiation diagram of an antenna realised according to the invention
- - Fig. 2 represents a possible embodiment of an antenna realised according to the invention
- - Fig. 3 represents a power divider and an antenna supply network phase shifter.
- the system being the purpose of the invention includes a satellite receiver, to which a set for displaying television programmes can be connected, and an antenna, which as usual shows a sufficiently narrow radiation lobe on the horizontal plane, to discriminate two adjacent satellites.
- television satellites are as a matter of fact spaced from one another by a minimum angle of approx. 3 degrees.
- the antenna shows a lobe which is:
- Fig. 1 schematically shows the main lobe of the required radiation diagram, in side view a and in front view b, emitted by a plane surface antenna R.
- Plane p p cuts the lobe so as to highlight section p-p, having a vertical amplitude VA greater than the horizontal amplitude HA.
- a planar antenna having such a radiation diagram, applied to a convenient external wall which "sees" the satellite, can enable the reception of the satellite transmissions after orienting, mechanically or electronically, the main lobe in the direction of the concerned satellite, acting only on one degree of freedom, that is the azimuth.
- antennae For what concerns both the movement and the shape of the radiation diagram, it can be useful to resort to array antennae with scanning beam technology.
- These antennae have a planar structure and are achieved with a large number of radiant components, all of which are equal and equally oriented. They are individually supplied with proper amplitude and phase signals, in order to obtain a radiation diagram showing the main lobe complying with the required elevation and azimuth direction.
- the available project tools enable achieving an antenna with the main lobe in the direction of a wide range of azimuth and elevation angles.
- the lobe itself can moreover be modelled to show the required amplitudes on both the horizontal plane and on the vertical plane.
- a suitable antenna can be used in a nation like Italy, covering a similar meridian arc and showing an equal average latitude, can show a main lobe amplitude on the vertical plane of approx. 10° and on the horizontal plane of 1 to 2°.
- Each individual antenna radiant element is placed according to lines and columns in matrix structure, and it is supplied by proper amplitude and phase coefficients through transmission lines arranged according to columns.
- Each column of elements makes up a vertical sub-array featured by a set elevation angle, which can be repeated in an identical way all over the whole antenna.
- All the transmission line inputs supplying the aforesaid sub-arrays are combined in just one input in order to obtain the required main lobe direction on the azimuth plane.
- There are different techniques for performing this combination Should just one direction be sufficient, a fixed controller can be used, while should rather the scanning be performed on the azimuth plane, numerical, electronic, RF devices etc. can be used.
- the antenna can conveniently be achieved by using the micro-strip technique, according to which both the radiant elements and the supply leads can be made up of metal pads having a more or less wide or thin shape, achieved on a dielectric support.
- Fig. 2 shows a possible embodiment of the antenna.
- the radiant structure is achieved on the rectangular plane surface R and it consists of a two-dimension planar array of 8x8 radiant elements on micro-strip P, arranged to make a regular matrix structure. Horizontal spacing So between the elements is not necessarily equal to the vertical spacing Sv.
- Fig. 3 shows two basic devices of the antenna supply network. They are a power divider PD, provided with one input I with two outputs 01 and O2 at different power sizes, and a phase shifter PH, introducing a phase displacement ⁇ along path L.
- a power divider PD provided with one input I with two outputs 01 and O2 at different power sizes
- a phase shifter PH introducing a phase displacement ⁇ along path L.
- the just described satellite antenna is only one of the possible achievements suitable to the system being the purpose of the invention.
- the same functionality can be obtained by means of other technologies.
- two further achievements are proposed.
- the first achievement consists in actuating the radiant elements by means of horns supplied by proper wave-guides.
- the second achievement in lieu of the traditional parabola uses a reflector antenna shaped to generate a diagram similar to that in Fig. 1 and driven by a simple powered positioner to select the azimuth and hence the required satellite.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002358996A AU2002358996A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
US10/535,950 US7218902B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
EP02793342A EP1565961A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
PCT/IT2002/000752 WO2004051802A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2002/000752 WO2004051802A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004051802A1 true WO2004051802A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
Family
ID=32448847
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2002/000752 WO2004051802A1 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Antenna for communication with a satellite |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7218902B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1565961A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002358996A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004051802A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4833484A (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1989-05-23 | The General Electric Company, P.L.C. | Earth terminal for satellite communication |
US5398035A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-03-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Satellite-tracking millimeter-wave reflector antenna system for mobile satellite-tracking |
US20020167449A1 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-11-14 | Richard Frazita | Low profile phased array antenna |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5818385A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1998-10-06 | Bartholomew; Darin E. | Antenna system and method |
FR2754941B1 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1998-12-11 | Europ Agence Spatiale | SATELLITE RECEIVING DEVICE HAVING A FLAT ANTENNA |
US5929819A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1999-07-27 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Flat antenna for satellite communication |
US6009307A (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1999-12-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Multiple antenna detecting and selecting |
US5945946A (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-08-31 | Motorola, Inc. | Scanning array antenna using rotating plates and method of operation therefor |
US6067047A (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 2000-05-23 | Motorola, Inc. | Electrically-controllable back-fed antenna and method for using same |
EP1129529B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2007-01-10 | QUALCOMM Incorporated | Method and apparatus for cross polarized isolation in a communication system |
US6184827B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-02-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Low cost beam steering planar array antenna |
US6473057B2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-10-29 | Raytheon Company | Low profile scanning antenna |
US6597316B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-07-22 | The Mitre Corporation | Spatial null steering microstrip antenna array |
US6759978B2 (en) * | 2002-03-21 | 2004-07-06 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Cross-link antenna system |
KR100587507B1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2006-06-08 | 노아텍이엔지(주) | leaky-wave dual polarized slot type antenna |
CA2389791C (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-10-19 | James Stanley Podger | Multiloop antenna elements |
-
2002
- 2002-11-29 AU AU2002358996A patent/AU2002358996A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-29 WO PCT/IT2002/000752 patent/WO2004051802A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-29 EP EP02793342A patent/EP1565961A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-29 US US10/535,950 patent/US7218902B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4833484A (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1989-05-23 | The General Electric Company, P.L.C. | Earth terminal for satellite communication |
US5398035A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-03-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Satellite-tracking millimeter-wave reflector antenna system for mobile satellite-tracking |
US20020167449A1 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-11-14 | Richard Frazita | Low profile phased array antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
GODARA L C: "APPLICATIONS OF ANTENNA ARRAYS TO MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS, PART I: PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT, FEASIBILITY, AND SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS", PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, IEEE. NEW YORK, US, vol. 85, no. 7, 1 July 1997 (1997-07-01), pages 1031 - 1060, XP000735330, ISSN: 0018-9219 * |
SCHREWE H-J: "An adaptive antenna array for mobile reception of DBS-satellites", VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 1994 IEEE 44TH STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 8-10 JUNE 1994, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, 8 June 1994 (1994-06-08), pages 1494 - 1497, XP010123327, ISBN: 0-7803-1927-3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1565961A1 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
US20060046637A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
AU2002358996A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
US7218902B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
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