WO2004008059A1 - Ballistic protective textile - Google Patents

Ballistic protective textile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004008059A1
WO2004008059A1 PCT/EP2003/007651 EP0307651W WO2004008059A1 WO 2004008059 A1 WO2004008059 A1 WO 2004008059A1 EP 0307651 W EP0307651 W EP 0307651W WO 2004008059 A1 WO2004008059 A1 WO 2004008059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive
textile
layers
different
protective
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/007651
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerhard Thoenissen
Original Assignee
Hänsel Textil GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hänsel Textil GmbH filed Critical Hänsel Textil GmbH
Priority to DE10392835T priority Critical patent/DE10392835D2/en
Priority to AU2003281066A priority patent/AU2003281066A1/en
Publication of WO2004008059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004008059A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B32B2305/186—Knitted fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B32B2305/188—Woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/20—Fibres of continuous length in the form of a non-woven mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2371/00—Polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone; PEK, i.e. polyetherketone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2377/00—Polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective textile against ballistic effects for e.g. Protective vests or linings such as the interior linings of vehicles.
  • Protective textiles against ballistic effects are intended to protect the wearer from projectiles (ballistic protection) and, if necessary, against attacks with knives (stab protection). It is not only intended to prevent the projectile from penetrating, but also to prevent serious injuries that can result from the impulse transmission from the projectile to the body.
  • the textiles are textile fabrics and consist e.g. from fabrics, nonwovens, knitwear or scrims based on raw materials such as aramid, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene or glass fibers.
  • raw materials such as aramid, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene or glass fibers.
  • the type of manufacture and the structure have a significant influence on the properties of the textiles.
  • the protective properties * of the vest must be independent of external conditions, in particular, moisture or temperature must not reduce the protective effect. It should also be borne in mind that materials and constructions with a low basis weight are selected to achieve a high level of comfort. As a result, the problem of heat build-up, which occurs particularly in underwear vests, can be reduced.
  • the protective vest should also be flame retardant.
  • a laminate for protection against ballistic effects which consists of several layers of a fabric made of high-performance fibers, which are only connected in places, so that a flexible laminate results.
  • the individual fabric layers are first formed by weaving, laying or the like, whereupon the adhesive material is applied approximately at a point to the fabric surface by means of stencil application.
  • the template has a hole diameter of 0.1 - 2 mm. After the fabric has been coated with adhesive at certain points, the individual layers are pressed together and then cut to the required shaped pieces.
  • Aramid fibers, high-performance polyethylene and PWO fibers are used as high-performance fibers.
  • the use of glass fibers for the laminate structure is also possible.
  • a multi-layer flexible fabric material which, for. B. can consist of aramid fibers, a thermoplastic material formed as a network is arranged between the individual layers. The thermoplastic material of these nets is melted by heat and pressure treatment and thus leads to adhesion between the individual layers.
  • These multi-layer materials are also used for the production of protective vests against ballistic effects.
  • Both the laminate from DE 100 11 701 AI and the multi-layer flexible fabric material from GB 2 308 094 A have the disadvantage that the individual layers of the multi-layer end fabric are bonded to one another at certain points, the individual adhesive areas being applied either by stencil application or by means of a network-like structuring always in the same areas arranged one above the other. This leads to only a limited flexibility of the end fabric.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a flexible protective textile in the form of a reinforcing composite which has a relatively low weight, an increased permeability to gases and / or liquids, as well as a higher resistance to ballistic loads and a higher flexibility, and which is also less expensive to manufacture.
  • the reinforcement composite should be easily adaptable to specified loads in terms of production technology.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a reinforcing composite according to the invention in cross section
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an advantageous exemplary embodiment of a reinforcing composite in a top view
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic exploded view of a reinforcing composite according to the invention with two adhesive fleeces
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a further embodiment of a reinforcing composite in cross section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flexible textile, laminated and / or laminated reinforcing composite 1 according to the invention, which is composed of individual textile layers 2.
  • These textile Individual layers 2 are in each case connected to one another by means of an adhesive fleece 5 placed between two individual layers 2, forming local adhesive points 3 and non-adhesive contact surfaces 4 and / or cavities 7.
  • Neither the local glue points 3 nor the non-adhesive contact surfaces 4 are systematically arranged, but distributed in a confused manner.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the adhesive points 3 can also be different. Accordingly, the contact surfaces 4 are not arranged in the same area.
  • laminated laminates are thus used as textiles, the layers of which are connected to one another by discrete adhesive points, discrete cavities or contact surfaces being provided in addition to the adhesive points.
  • the adhesives used are preferably somewhat elastic and / or flexible, so that loads do not lead directly to the breaking of the adhesive points.
  • such a distribution and configuration of the gluing points is also provided that mechanical, static and / or dynamic loads acting on an upper layer, which this layer cannot normally withstand, are partially transferred to the layer underneath via gluing points without the upper layer is damaged, the underlying layer absorbing the load without being released in a harmful manner to the surroundings of the installed textile.
  • the textile according to the invention has a high load absorption capacity.
  • Adhesive nonwovens are thin, very light, flexible fabrics with high elasticity made of thermoplastic, heat-activatable, dry adhesive fibers or adhesive monofilaments, which are in the form of thermally bonded, for example spinneret-extruded, nonwoven or extruded parallel nonwovens and which are, for example, wound up on a roll become. They can be based on different adhesive polymer bases, such as polyolefin, copolyamides, copolyethers and terpolymers. The Structure has many small gaps. Adhesive nonwovens are traded as web goods with basis weights of, for example, 10 to 100 g / m 2 . For the bond • pressure, time and activation heat are required.
  • the basis weight as well as the base polymer of the adhesive fleece are selected.
  • Several layers of adhesive fleece of the same or different basis weights and / or the same or different polymer base can be selected between two layers of textile, so that the load absorption capacity can be controlled by the appropriate selection.
  • the load absorption capacity of the textile can be specifically adjusted to the application by using adhesive fleeces of different basis weights and / or different polymer bases between several layers of the textile.
  • the adhesive fleece has synergistic effects for the textile laminate according to the invention. It 'in the laminate a reversibly stretchable, resilient to almost elastic adhesive layer that does not impair the flexibility or softness of the fabric so that a textile according to the invention is guaranteed easy to handle. In addition, this adhesive has a very low weight and therefore does not burden the textile. '
  • an adhesive bond with a tangled nonwoven net structure is produced, which results from the adhesive bond of nonwoven elements to one another and the structural elements of the textile fabrics into which the adhesive penetrates, the nonwoven filament adhesive points resulting from the nonwoven filaments being the contact surfaces and / or cavities surround or surround.
  • the glue points essentially have the thread structure and thread length of the threads or thread portions which, during lamination or lamination, have produced the randomly distributed glue points by melting.
  • These glue points are generally of different lengths and / or thicknesses and / or widths, so that an irregularity is also produced in this respect. It is attributed to these irregularities that the textiles produced with the adhesive fleeces guarantee a surprisingly high and superior load absorption capacity, which in particular may also result in a detectable high and superior delamination resistance.
  • the cavities or contact surfaces are also distributed irregularly or confusingly and have correspondingly irregular dimensions.
  • This cavity or surface contact structure also contributes decisively to the superior load absorption capacity, because this structure can buffer shock loads particularly effectively.
  • the load absorption can also be controlled via different basis weights of the textile layers and / or the type of textile.
  • fabrics and / or knitted fabrics and / or scrims and / or nonwovens with the same or different basis weights and / or made of different materials, such as aramid, are expediently used.
  • the use of the adhesive fleeces makes the combination of the textile layers of the textiles with non-textile functional fabrics such as metal foils, foams or the like particularly easy. These functional fabrics are also glued using adhesive fleeces.
  • the invention also makes it possible to control the load absorption in such a way that deliberate delamination of textile or non-textile individual layers can take place with absorption and derivation of occurring forces, without the textile as a whole losing its predefined functionality.
  • the local adhesive points 3 are for a high resistance to displacement and separation of the individual layers 2 and thus also for a high resistance of the reinforcing composite 1 according to the invention.
  • the adhesive-free contact surfaces 4 enable gases and / or liquids to permeate through the reinforcing composite 1, and they also enable the composite 1 to have a high degree of softness and a low flexural strength.
  • This composite according to the invention of two or more individual textile layers is achieved by means of an adhesive fleece 5 each arranged between two individual textile layers.
  • the adhesive fleece 5 has a spider web-like structure made of polymeric filament parts 6 and cavities 7.
  • the cavities 7 present in the structure of the adhesive nonwoven 5 lead to permeable contact surfaces 4 and cavities in the reinforcing composite 1. According to the invention it is provided that, when heat and pressure act on this arrangement of textile individual layers 2 and the adhesive fleece 5 arranged in between, the polymeric filament parts 6 of the adhesive fleece 5 melt and penetrate into the adjacent surfaces of the textile individual layers 2, as a result of which the sliding - And form permanent bond 3.
  • the adhesive fleeces 5 consist of tangled filaments (Fig. 3).
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a reinforcement composite 1 with three textile individual layers 2 and adhesive fleece 5 arranged in between, the adhesive fleece 5 having a different number of adhesive joints 3, which results in a partially higher reinforcement and the depth of the reinforcement composite varies in flexibility receives.
  • the adhesive fleece 5 is based on an adhesive polymer.
  • Polyolefins, copolyamides, copolyesters and terpolymers are used as polymers.
  • the adhesive nonwoven material can be produced as a sheet and has a basis weight of 10-100 g / m 2 .
  • the processing of these adhesive fleeces can take place continuously, ie from roll to roll, as well as discontinuously.
  • the parameters pressure, time and heat are generally required for each bonding process in order to set the adhesive to the viscosity required for wetting.
  • the adhesive medium can later be reactivated by heat and can bond with other substrates.
  • the adhesive nonwovens 5 consisting of adhesive fibers or of adhesive monofilaments can be in the form of thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics which are extruded from the spinneret. Even with low adhesive weights, these adhesive fleeces 5 still have excellent separation strength without sticking over the entire surface and excellent permeability to gases and / or liquids. Furthermore, they are characterized by a flexible grip and high elasticity.
  • the adhesive fleece has 30 to 300 adhesive-free contact areas 4 per cm 2 .
  • the textile reinforcement composite 1 according to the invention enables light to meet the increasing functional requirements for high resistance to oblique to vertical pressure and puncture stress acting on a surface of the reinforcing composite 1 by the combination according to the invention of several textile individual layers, which are bonded to one another by small-area adhesive points and are resistant to sliding and separation.
  • the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of three warp knitted textile individual layers 2 with a basis weight of 175, 250 and 400 g / m 2 .
  • the warp knitted fabrics consist of polyester multifilament yarns. Is for connection between the warp with 175 g / m 2 and 250 g / m 2 basis weight, a polyester adhesive web 5 with a basis weight of 17 g / m 2, and between the warp with 250 g / m 2 basis weight and with 400 g / m 2 basis weight Polyester adhesive fleece 5 with a basis weight of 24 g / m 2 arranged.
  • This multi-layer structure is fed to a flat bed laminating system and solidified there with the following conditions to form the reinforcing composite 1:
  • the stamp penetration force customary in geotextiles is determined.
  • a cone-shaped metal stamp presses vertically through the surface of the clamped sample of the reinforcement composite at a constant speed.
  • a punch penetration force of 12.45 kN was achieved.
  • a stamp penetration force of 12.75 kN was used for a non-glued construction made of the same warp knitted fabrics made of polyester with a four-layer structure consisting of the basis weights 175 g / m 2 , 200 g / m 2 , 250 g / m 2 and 400 g / m 2 measured.
  • the flexible reinforcement composite 1 consists of 24 individual textile layers 2 of the same construction. Each is a woven fabric made of polyamide filament yarn with a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 .
  • a polyamide adhesive fleece 5 extruded by foaming is used, the basis weight of the adhesive fleece 5, according to the invention, being varied as follows, starting from the surface side of the flexible reinforcing composite material 1 which is first subjected to impact pressure:
  • the thermal bonding takes place on a flat bed laminating system in several passages in order to be able to economically achieve the temperature required for melting the adhesive nonwoven intermediate layers.
  • the same puncture resistance is achieved as with a comparable laminate of 30 textile individual layers 2 made of the same polyamide fabric with a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 , connected by sewing.
  • the adhesive fleece surface mass increasing with the number of individual textile layers 2 causes larger and more local adhesive sites 3 and thus a continuously increasing absorption of the energy of the penetrating body.
  • the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of five individual textile layers 2.
  • a nonwoven fabric made of polyester fiber with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 is arranged.
  • a fabric is used as the strength-bearing textile individual layer 2 Polyester monofilament yarn with a basis weight of 75 g / m 2 arranged.
  • a textile single layer 2 made of needle-punched nonwoven made of glass fibers with a mass per unit area of 160 g / m 2 is arranged on the outer surfaces of these two fabrics, these two outer textile single layers 2 made of glass fiber nonwoven guarantee one. good flame resistance of the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1.
  • These five textile individual layers 2 are connected to one another by adhesive fleeces 5 made of foamed polyester, each of which has a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 .
  • the polyester needle-punched nonwoven fabric with the polyester fabrics with an adhesive nonwoven 5 with a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 and the polyester fabric with the glass fiber nonwovens is in each case provided with two nonwoven webs 5 with a mass per unit area of 20 g / m 2 , i.e. a total adhesive nonwoven mass of 40 g / m 2 connected.
  • the local adhesive points 3a and 3b are produced, the number of adhesive points 3b formed from two layers of adhesive nonwoven having the same total mass being present.
  • approximately the same separation resistance is guaranteed.
  • the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of three textile individual layers 2 of the same construction. Each is a fabric made of aramid filament yarn with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 .
  • a polyamide adhesive fleece 5 extruded by foaming is used for the connection, the basis weight of the adhesive fleece in the laminate, in each case between the individual layers, being 60 g / m 2 .
  • the thermal Solidification takes place on a flat bed laminating machine with the fixing conditions required by the adhesive system.

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile that protects from ballistic impacts for e.g. bulletproof vests or paneling such as the interior paneling of vehicles, in the form of a flexible, textile, laminated reinforced composite material that comprises at least two layers (2), at least one of which consists of a planar textile structure. Between the layers (2), discrete joints (3) and next to the joints (3) permeable discrete glue-free contact areas (4) and/or discrete hollow spaces are disposed. The joints (3) are distributed irregularly and have varying sizes. The invention also relates to a method for producing a protective textile and the use thereof.

Description

Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkungen Protective textile against ballistic effects
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkungen für z.B. Schutzwesten oder Verkleidungen wie Innenverkleidungen von Fahrzeugen.The invention relates to a protective textile against ballistic effects for e.g. Protective vests or linings such as the interior linings of vehicles.
Eine Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkung soll den Träger vor Geschosseinwirkung (ballistischer Schutz) und ggf. gegen Angriffe mit Messern (Stichschutz) schützen. Sie soll nicht nur das Durchdringen des Geschosses verhindern, sondern auch schwere Verletzungen vermeiden, die durch den Impulsübertrag vom Geschoss auf den Körper entstehen können.Protective textiles against ballistic effects are intended to protect the wearer from projectiles (ballistic protection) and, if necessary, against attacks with knives (stab protection). It is not only intended to prevent the projectile from penetrating, but also to prevent serious injuries that can result from the impulse transmission from the projectile to the body.
Die Textilien sind textile Flächengebilde und bestehen z.B. aus Geweben, Vliesstoffen, Maschenware oder Gelegen auf der Basis von Ausgangsmaterialien wie Aramid, Polyamid, Polyester, Polyethylen, Polypropylen oder Glasfasern. Dabei haben neben den Ausgangsmaterialien die Herstellungsart und die Struktur erheblichen Einfluss auf die Eigenschaften der Textilien.The textiles are textile fabrics and consist e.g. from fabrics, nonwovens, knitwear or scrims based on raw materials such as aramid, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene or glass fibers. In addition to the starting materials, the type of manufacture and the structure have a significant influence on the properties of the textiles.
Die Schutzeigenschaften* der Weste müssen unabhängig von äußeren Bedingungen gegeben sein, insbesondere dürfen Feuchtigkeit oder Temperatur die Schutzwirkung nicht herabsetzen. Des Weiteren ist zu berücksichtigen, dass zur Erzielung eines hohen Tragekdmforts Materialien und Konstruktionen gewählt werden, die ein geringes Flächengewicht aufweisen. Dadurch kann das insbesondere bei Unterziehwesten auftretende Problem der Stauwärme verringert werden. Ferner sollte die Schutzweste schwer entflammbar sein.The protective properties * of the vest must be independent of external conditions, in particular, moisture or temperature must not reduce the protective effect. It should also be borne in mind that materials and constructions with a low basis weight are selected to achieve a high level of comfort. As a result, the problem of heat build-up, which occurs particularly in underwear vests, can be reduced. The protective vest should also be flame retardant.
Es ist bekannt, ein Laminat aus Lagen von Gewebe aus hochfestem Fasermaterial zum Schutz gegen ballistische Einwirkungen zu verwenden. Dabei sind die einzelnen Lagen ganzflächig miteinander durch ein Matrixmaterial verklebt, mit dem die Fasern des Gewebes benetzt sind. Der Nachteil derartiger Laminate besteht darin, dass sie relativ steif sind und somit eine Formgebungs- einrichtung erforderlich ist, wenn sie eine vorgegebene Form einnehmen soll .It is known to be a laminate of layers of high-strength fabric Use fiber material to protect against ballistic effects. The individual layers are glued to one another over the entire area by a matrix material with which the fibers of the fabric are wetted. The disadvantage of such laminates is that they are relatively stiff and a shaping device is therefore required if they are to assume a predetermined shape.
Aus der DE 100 11 701 AI ist ein Laminat zum Schutz gegen ballistische Einwirkungen bekannt, das aus mehreren Lagen eines Gewebes aus Hochleistungsfasern besteht, die nur stellenweise miteinander verbunden sind, so dass sich ein flexibles Laminat ergibt. Bei der Herstellung des Laminats werden zunächst die einzelnen Gewebelagen durch Weben, Legen od. dgl. ausgebildet, worauf mittels Schablonenauftrag das Klebematerial etwa punkt- för ig auf der Gewebeoberfläche aufgebracht wird. Dabei weist die Schablone einen Lochdurchmesser von 0,1 - 2 mm auf. Nach dem punktweisen Beschichten der Gewebe mit Klebematerial werden die einzelnen Lagen miteinander verpresst und danach auf die erforderlichen Formstücke zugeschnitten. Als Hochleistungs- fasern werden Aramidfasern, High-Performance-Polyethylen- und PWO-Fasern verwendet. Außerdem ist auch die Verwendung von Glasfasern für den Laminataufbau möglich.From DE 100 11 701 AI a laminate for protection against ballistic effects is known, which consists of several layers of a fabric made of high-performance fibers, which are only connected in places, so that a flexible laminate results. In the production of the laminate, the individual fabric layers are first formed by weaving, laying or the like, whereupon the adhesive material is applied approximately at a point to the fabric surface by means of stencil application. The template has a hole diameter of 0.1 - 2 mm. After the fabric has been coated with adhesive at certain points, the individual layers are pressed together and then cut to the required shaped pieces. Aramid fibers, high-performance polyethylene and PWO fibers are used as high-performance fibers. In addition, the use of glass fibers for the laminate structure is also possible.
Aus der GB-2 308 094 A ist ein mehrlagiges flexibles Gewebematerial bekannt, das z. B. aus Aramidfasern bestehen kann, wobei zwischen den einzelnen Schichten ein als Netz ausgeformtes thermoplastisches Material angeordnet ist . Durch eine Hitze- und Druckbehandlung wird das thermoplastische Material dieser Netze geschmolzen und führt so zu einer Haftung zwischen den einzelnen Schichten. Auch diese mehrlagigen Materialien werden für die Herstellung von Schutzwesten gegen ballistische Einwirkung verwendet.From GB-2 308 094 A a multi-layer flexible fabric material is known which, for. B. can consist of aramid fibers, a thermoplastic material formed as a network is arranged between the individual layers. The thermoplastic material of these nets is melted by heat and pressure treatment and thus leads to adhesion between the individual layers. These multi-layer materials are also used for the production of protective vests against ballistic effects.
Sowohl das Laminat aus der DE 100 11 701 AI als auch das mehrlagige flexible Gewebematerial aus der GB 2 308 094 A weisen den Nachteil auf, dass die einzelnen Lagen des mehrschichtigen Endgewebes punktuell miteinander verklebt sind, wobei die einzelnen Klebebereiche entweder durch einen Schablonenauftrag oder durch eine netzartige Strukturierung immer an den gleichen übereinander angeordneten Bereichen erfolgt . Dies führt zu einer nur noch eingeschränkten Flexibilität des Endgewebes .Both the laminate from DE 100 11 701 AI and the multi-layer flexible fabric material from GB 2 308 094 A have the disadvantage that the individual layers of the multi-layer end fabric are bonded to one another at certain points, the individual adhesive areas being applied either by stencil application or by means of a network-like structuring always in the same areas arranged one above the other. This leads to only a limited flexibility of the end fabric.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, eine flexible Schutztextilie in Form eines Verstärkungsverbundstoffes zu schaffen, der ein relativ geringes Gewicht, eine erhöhte Durchlässigkeit für Gase und/oder Flüssigkeiten, sowie eine höhere Widerstandsfestigkeit gegen ballistische Belastungen und eine höhere Flexibilität aufweist und zudem kostengünstiger herstellbar ist. Außerdem soll der Verstärkungsverbundstoff herstellungstechnisch einfach an vorgegebene Belastungen anpassbar sein.The object of the invention is to provide a flexible protective textile in the form of a reinforcing composite which has a relatively low weight, an increased permeability to gases and / or liquids, as well as a higher resistance to ballistic loads and a higher flexibility, and which is also less expensive to manufacture. In addition, the reinforcement composite should be easily adaptable to specified loads in terms of production technology.
Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Schutztextilie mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The object is achieved by a protective textile with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Anhand der Zeichnungen werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes im Querschnitt;Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a reinforcing composite according to the invention in cross section;
Fig. 2 schematisch ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verstärkungsverbundstoffes in der Draufsicht;2 schematically shows an advantageous exemplary embodiment of a reinforcing composite in a top view;
Fig. 3 eine schematische Explosionsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes mit zwei Klebevliesen;3 shows a schematic exploded view of a reinforcing composite according to the invention with two adhesive fleeces;
Fig. 4 schematisch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verstärkungsverbundstoffes im Querschnitt.Fig. 4 schematically shows a further embodiment of a reinforcing composite in cross section.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen e findungsgemäßen flexiblen textilen, laminierten und/oder kaschierten Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1, der aus textilen Einzellagen 2 aufgebaut ist. Diese textilen Einzellagen 2 sind jeweils durch ein zwischen jeweils zwei Einzellagen 2 gelegtes Klebevlies 5 miteinander flächig unter Ausbildung von lokalen Klebestellen 3 und von klebefreien Berührungsflächen 4 und/oder Hohlräumen 7 verbunden. Weder die lokalen Klebestellen 3 noch die klebefreien Berührungsflächen 4 sind systematisch angeordnet, sondern wirr verteilt. Auch die Querschnittsflächen der Klebestellen 3 können unterschiedlich sein. Demgemäß sind auch die Berührungsflächen 4 nicht gleichflächig angeordnet .1 shows a flexible textile, laminated and / or laminated reinforcing composite 1 according to the invention, which is composed of individual textile layers 2. These textile Individual layers 2 are in each case connected to one another by means of an adhesive fleece 5 placed between two individual layers 2, forming local adhesive points 3 and non-adhesive contact surfaces 4 and / or cavities 7. Neither the local glue points 3 nor the non-adhesive contact surfaces 4 are systematically arranged, but distributed in a confused manner. The cross-sectional areas of the adhesive points 3 can also be different. Accordingly, the contact surfaces 4 are not arranged in the same area.
Nach der Erfindung werden somit kaschierte Laminate als Textilien verwendet, deren Lagen durch diskrete Klebestellen miteinander in Verbindung stehen, wobei neben den Klebestellen diskrete Hohlräume bzw. Berührungsflächen vorgesehen sind. Die verwendeten Klebstoffe sind vorzugsweise etwas elastisch und/oder flexibel, so dass Belastungen nicht unmittelbar zum Bruch der Klebestellen führen. Vorzugsweise ist zudem eine derartige Verteilung und Ausgestaltung der Klebestellen vorgesehen, dass auf eine obere Lage wirkende, mechanische wie statische und/oder dynamische Belastungen, die diese Lage normalerweise nicht aushalten kann, über Klebestellen zum Teil auf die darunter befindliche Lage übertragen werden, ohne dass die obere Lage beschädigt wird, wobei die darunter liegende Lage die Belastung absorbiert, ohne sie in schädigender Weise an die Umgebung der eingebauten Textilie abzugeben. Insofern weist die erfindungsgemäße Textilie ein hohes Belastungs- absorptionsvermögen auf .According to the invention, laminated laminates are thus used as textiles, the layers of which are connected to one another by discrete adhesive points, discrete cavities or contact surfaces being provided in addition to the adhesive points. The adhesives used are preferably somewhat elastic and / or flexible, so that loads do not lead directly to the breaking of the adhesive points. Preferably, such a distribution and configuration of the gluing points is also provided that mechanical, static and / or dynamic loads acting on an upper layer, which this layer cannot normally withstand, are partially transferred to the layer underneath via gluing points without the upper layer is damaged, the underlying layer absorbing the load without being released in a harmful manner to the surroundings of the installed textile. In this respect, the textile according to the invention has a high load absorption capacity.
Klebevliese sind dünne, sehr leichte, flexible Flächengebilde mit hohem Dehnvermögen aus thermoplastischen, wärmeaktivier- baren, trockenen Klebstofffasern bzw. Klebestoffmonofilamenten, die in Form von thermisch gebundenen, z.B. spinndüsenextrudier- ten Wirr- oder extrudierten Parallelvliesen vorliegen und die z.B. auf einer Rolle aufgespult gehandelt werden. Sie können auf unterschiedlicher Klebstoffpolymerbasis, wie Polyolefin, Copolyamide, Copolyether und Terpolymere, aufgebaut sein. Die Struktur weist viele kleine Zwischenräume auf. Klebevliese werden als Bahnware mit Flächengewichten von z.B. 10 bis 100 g/m2 gehandelt. Für die Verklebung • sind Druck, Zeit und Aktivierungswärme erforderlich.Adhesive nonwovens are thin, very light, flexible fabrics with high elasticity made of thermoplastic, heat-activatable, dry adhesive fibers or adhesive monofilaments, which are in the form of thermally bonded, for example spinneret-extruded, nonwoven or extruded parallel nonwovens and which are, for example, wound up on a roll become. They can be based on different adhesive polymer bases, such as polyolefin, copolyamides, copolyethers and terpolymers. The Structure has many small gaps. Adhesive nonwovens are traded as web goods with basis weights of, for example, 10 to 100 g / m 2 . For the bond • pressure, time and activation heat are required.
Für die Zwecke der Erfindung kann, z.B. auf den Anwendungsfall bezogen, das Flächengewicht wie auch das Basispolymer des Klebevlieses ausgewählt werden. Dabei können zwischen zwei Lagen der Textilie mehrere Lagen Klebevlies gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Flächengewichte und/oder gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Polymerbasis ausgewählt verwendet werden, so dass das Belastungsabsorptionsvermögen durch die entsprechende Auswahl gesteuert werden kann.For the purposes of the invention, e.g. related to the application, the basis weight as well as the base polymer of the adhesive fleece are selected. Several layers of adhesive fleece of the same or different basis weights and / or the same or different polymer base can be selected between two layers of textile, so that the load absorption capacity can be controlled by the appropriate selection.
Gleichermaßen kann das Belastungsabsorptionsvermögen der Textilie auf den Anwendungsfall gezielt eingestellt werden, indem zwischen mehreren Lagen der Textilie Klebevliese unterschiedlicher Flächengewichte und/oder unterschiedlicher Polymerbasis verwendet werden.Likewise, the load absorption capacity of the textile can be specifically adjusted to the application by using adhesive fleeces of different basis weights and / or different polymer bases between several layers of the textile.
Für das erfindungsgemäße Textillaminat leistet das Klebevlies synergistische Effekte. Es gewährleistet' im Laminat eine reversibel dehnfähige, nachgiebige bis fast elastische Klebeschicht, die die Flexibilität bzw. Geschmeidigkeit der Textilie nicht beeinträchtigt, so dass eine erfindungsgemäße Textilie gut handhabbar ist . Außerdem weist dieser Klebstoff ein sehr geringes Gewicht auf und belastet insofern die Textilie auch nicht .'The adhesive fleece has synergistic effects for the textile laminate according to the invention. It 'in the laminate a reversibly stretchable, resilient to almost elastic adhesive layer that does not impair the flexibility or softness of the fabric so that a textile according to the invention is guaranteed easy to handle. In addition, this adhesive has a very low weight and therefore does not burden the textile. '
Darüber hinaus aber wird eine Verklebung mit einer wirren Vliesnetzstruktur erzeugt, die aus der Verklebung von Vlies- elementen untereinander und den Strukturelementen der textilen Flächengebilde, in die der Klebstoff eindringt, resultiert, wobei aus den Vliesfilamenten entstandene Vliesfilament- klebestellenelemente die Berührungsflächen und/oder Hohlräume umgeben bzw. einfassen. Es bilden sich eine Vielzahl klein- dimensionierter Klebestellen, die wirr bzw. unregelmäßig verteilt sind und zudem unterschiedliche Abmessungen haben. Die Klebestellen weisen im Wesentlichen die Fadenstruktur und Fadenlänge der Fäden bzw. Fädenanteile auf, die beim Kaschieren bzw. Laminieren durch Schmelzen die wirr verteilten Klebestellen erzeugt haben. Diese Klebestellen sind in der Regel unterschiedlich lang und/oder dick und/oder breit, so dass auch insoweit eine Unregelmäßigkeit erzeugt wird. Es wird auf diese Unregelmäßigkeiten zurückgeführt, dass die mit den Klebevliesen erzeugten Textilien ein überraschend hohes und überlegenes Belastungsabsorptionsvermögen gewährleisten, woraus möglicherweise insbesondere auch ein feststellbarer hoher und überlegener Delaminierungswiderstand resultiert.In addition, however, an adhesive bond with a tangled nonwoven net structure is produced, which results from the adhesive bond of nonwoven elements to one another and the structural elements of the textile fabrics into which the adhesive penetrates, the nonwoven filament adhesive points resulting from the nonwoven filaments being the contact surfaces and / or cavities surround or surround. A large number of small dimensioned glue points that are randomly or irregularly distributed and also have different dimensions. The glue points essentially have the thread structure and thread length of the threads or thread portions which, during lamination or lamination, have produced the randomly distributed glue points by melting. These glue points are generally of different lengths and / or thicknesses and / or widths, so that an irregularity is also produced in this respect. It is attributed to these irregularities that the textiles produced with the adhesive fleeces guarantee a surprisingly high and superior load absorption capacity, which in particular may also result in a detectable high and superior delamination resistance.
Neben den Klebestellen sind auch die Hohlräume bzw. Berührungsflächen entsprechend unregelmäßig bzw. wirr verteilt und haben entsprechend unregelmäßige Abmessungen. Diese Hohlraum- bzw. FlächenberührungsStruktur trägt ebenfalls entscheidend zum überlegenen Belastungsabsorptionsvermögen bei, denn diese Struktur kann insbesondere stoßartige Belastungen besonders effektiv abpuffern.In addition to the glue points, the cavities or contact surfaces are also distributed irregularly or confusingly and have correspondingly irregular dimensions. This cavity or surface contact structure also contributes decisively to the superior load absorption capacity, because this structure can buffer shock loads particularly effectively.
In Kombination mit der gezielten Einstellung der Steuerungsmöglichkeit der Belastungsabsorption über die Klebevliese kann die Belastungsabsorption auch über unterschiedliche Flächengewichte der textilen Lagen und/oder die Art der Textilie gesteuert werden. Insofern werden zweckmäßigerweise Gewebe und/oder Gewirke und/oder Gelege und/oder Vliese mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Flächengewichten und/oder aus unterschiedlichen Materialien, wie Aramid, verwendet. Durch die Verwendung der Klebevliese ist die Kombination der textilen Lagen der Textilien mit nicht-textilen Funktionsflächengebilden wie Metallfolien, Schaumstoffen oder dergleichen besonders einfach. Diese Funktionsflächengebilde werden ebenfalls über Klebevliese verklebt . Die Erfindung ermöglicht bei Verwendung von Klebevliesen außerdem die Belastungsabsorption so zu steuern, dass eine gezielte Delaminierung textiler oder nicht-textiler Einzellagen unter Aufnahme und Ableitung auftretender Kräfte erfolgen kann, ohne dass die Textilie insgesamt ihre vorgegebene Funktions- fähigkeit verliert.In combination with the targeted setting of the possibility of controlling the load absorption via the adhesive fleeces, the load absorption can also be controlled via different basis weights of the textile layers and / or the type of textile. In this respect, fabrics and / or knitted fabrics and / or scrims and / or nonwovens with the same or different basis weights and / or made of different materials, such as aramid, are expediently used. The use of the adhesive fleeces makes the combination of the textile layers of the textiles with non-textile functional fabrics such as metal foils, foams or the like particularly easy. These functional fabrics are also glued using adhesive fleeces. When using adhesive fleeces, the invention also makes it possible to control the load absorption in such a way that deliberate delamination of textile or non-textile individual layers can take place with absorption and derivation of occurring forces, without the textile as a whole losing its predefined functionality.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die lokalen Klebestellen 3 für eine hohe Verschiebe- und Trennfestigkeit der Einzellagen 2 und damit auch für einen hohen Widerstand des erfindungsgemäßen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 z. B. gegen Druck- bzw. Druckstoßbeanspruchung verantwortlich. Außerdem ermöglichen die klebefreien Berührungsflächen 4 die Durchlässigkeit von Gasen und/oder Flüssigkeiten durch den Verstärkungsverbündstoff 1 hindurch, und sie ermöglichen ferner eine hohe Weichheit und eine geringe Biegesteifigkeit des Verbundstoffes 1.According to the invention, the local adhesive points 3 are for a high resistance to displacement and separation of the individual layers 2 and thus also for a high resistance of the reinforcing composite 1 according to the invention. B. responsible for pressure or pressure surge stress. In addition, the adhesive-free contact surfaces 4 enable gases and / or liquids to permeate through the reinforcing composite 1, and they also enable the composite 1 to have a high degree of softness and a low flexural strength.
Dieser erfindungsgemäße Verbund von zwei oder mehreren textilen Einzellagen wird durch ein jeweils zwischen zwei textilen Einzellagen angeordnetes Klebevlies 5 erreicht.This composite according to the invention of two or more individual textile layers is achieved by means of an adhesive fleece 5 each arranged between two individual textile layers.
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch ein Laminat mit einem Klebevlies 5, für das vorzugsweise ein durch Schäumung extrudiertes Klebevlies verwendet wird. Das Klebevlies 5 weist eine spinnnetz- ähnliche Struktur aus polymeren Filamentteilen 6 sowie Hohlräumen 7 auf. Die in der Struktur des Klebevlieses 5 vorhandenen Hohlräume 7 führen im Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 zu durchlässigen Berührungsflächen 4 und zu Hohlräumen. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass, bei Einwirken von Hitze und Druck auf diese Anordnung aus textilen Einzellagen 2 und den dazwischen liegend angeordneten Klebevliesen 5, die polymeren Filamentteile 6 des Klebevlieses 5 schmelzen und in die angrenzenden Oberflächen der textilen Einzellagen 2 eindringen, wodurch sich die schiebe- und trennfesten Klebestellen 3 bilden. Die Klebevliese 5 bestehen aus wirren Filamenten (Fig. 3) . Diese unstrukturierte Verteilung der Filamente 6 führt dazu, dass bei einer Anordnung von mehreren textilen Einzellagen 2 mit jeweils dazwischen liegenden Klebevliesen 5 übereinander, sowohl die sich bildenden lokalen Klebestellen 3 als auch die klebefreien Berührungsflächen 4 nur zufällig übereinander angeordnet sind. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass doch übereinander liegende Klebestellen 3 bzw. klebefreie Berührungsflächen 4 parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, ist aufgrund des nicht strukturierten Klebevlieses 5 sehr gering. Diese wahllose Anordnung der Klebestellen 3 sowie der klebefreien Berührungsflächen 4 und Hohlräume 7 führt zu einer erhöhten Flexibilität in dem mehrschichtigen Endgewebe, da das Klebemedium nicht wie eine Folie vollflächig geschlossen ist, sondern kleine Zwischenräume aufweist.2 schematically shows a laminate with an adhesive fleece 5, for which an adhesive fleece extruded by foaming is preferably used. The adhesive fleece 5 has a spider web-like structure made of polymeric filament parts 6 and cavities 7. The cavities 7 present in the structure of the adhesive nonwoven 5 lead to permeable contact surfaces 4 and cavities in the reinforcing composite 1. According to the invention it is provided that, when heat and pressure act on this arrangement of textile individual layers 2 and the adhesive fleece 5 arranged in between, the polymeric filament parts 6 of the adhesive fleece 5 melt and penetrate into the adjacent surfaces of the textile individual layers 2, as a result of which the sliding - And form permanent bond 3. The adhesive fleeces 5 consist of tangled filaments (Fig. 3). This unstructured distribution of the filaments 6 leads to the fact that, in the case of an arrangement of a plurality of textile individual layers 2 with adhesive fleece 5 in between, both the local adhesive spots 3 which form and the non-adhesive contact surfaces 4 are only randomly arranged one above the other. The likelihood that adhesive points 3 or adhesive-free contact surfaces 4 lying one above the other are arranged parallel to one another is very low due to the non-structured adhesive fleece 5. This random arrangement of the adhesive points 3 and the adhesive-free contact surfaces 4 and cavities 7 leads to increased flexibility in the multilayer end fabric, since the adhesive medium is not closed over the entire area like a film, but instead has small gaps.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Verstärkungs- verbundstoffes 1 mit drei textilen Einzellagen 2 sowie jeweils dazwischen angeordnete Klebevliese 5, wobei die Klebevliese 5 eine unterschiedliche Anzahl an Klebestellen 3 aufweisen, wodurch eine partiell höhere Verstärkung erfolgt und der Verstärkungsverbund in der Tiefe unterschiedliche Flexibilität erhält.4 shows a further embodiment of a reinforcement composite 1 with three textile individual layers 2 and adhesive fleece 5 arranged in between, the adhesive fleece 5 having a different number of adhesive joints 3, which results in a partially higher reinforcement and the depth of the reinforcement composite varies in flexibility receives.
Das Klebevlies 5 ist auf Klebstoffpolymerbasis aufgebaut. Als Polymere werden Polyolefine, Copolyamide, Copolyester und Terpolymere verwendet .The adhesive fleece 5 is based on an adhesive polymer. Polyolefins, copolyamides, copolyesters and terpolymers are used as polymers.
Das Klebevliesmaterial kann als Bahnenware produziert werden und weist Flächengewichte von 10 - 100 g/m2 auf. Die Verarbeitung dieser Klebevliese kann sowohl kontinuierlich, also von Rolle auf Rolle, als auch diskontinuierlich erfolgen. Generell erforderlich für jeden Verklebungsprozess sind die Parameter Druck, Zeit sowie Wärme, um den Klebstoff in die für die Benetzung erforderliche Viskosität zu versetzen. Außerdem ist das Klebemedium später durch Wärme reaktivierbar und kann mit anderen Substraten eine Verklebung eingehen. Die aus Klebstofffasern bzw. aus Klebstoffmonofilamenten bestehenden Klebevliese 5 können in Form von thermisch gebundenen Wirrvliesen vorliegen, die spinndüsenextrudiert sind. Diese Klebevliese 5 weisen selbst bei geringen Klebstoffgewichten noch eine hervorragende Trennfestigkeit auf, ohne vollflächig zu verkleben und eine ausgezeichnete Durchlässigkeit für Gase und/oder Flüssigkeiten. Ferner sind sie noch durch einen flexiblen Griff sowie ein hohes Dehnvermögen gekennzeichnet .The adhesive nonwoven material can be produced as a sheet and has a basis weight of 10-100 g / m 2 . The processing of these adhesive fleeces can take place continuously, ie from roll to roll, as well as discontinuously. The parameters pressure, time and heat are generally required for each bonding process in order to set the adhesive to the viscosity required for wetting. In addition, the adhesive medium can later be reactivated by heat and can bond with other substrates. The adhesive nonwovens 5 consisting of adhesive fibers or of adhesive monofilaments can be in the form of thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics which are extruded from the spinneret. Even with low adhesive weights, these adhesive fleeces 5 still have excellent separation strength without sticking over the entire surface and excellent permeability to gases and / or liquids. Furthermore, they are characterized by a flexible grip and high elasticity.
Zwischen den Eigenschaften des Klebevlieses 5 und der Struktur und den Eigenschaften des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 bestehen folgende Zusammenhänge :The following relationships exist between the properties of the adhesive fleece 5 and the structure and properties of the reinforcing composite 1:
Klebevlies VerstärkungsverbundstoffNonwoven reinforcement composite
Schaumextrusion Weichheit Filamentdicke Größe und Anzahl Klebestellen Größe und Anzahl BerührungsflächenFoam extrusion Softness Filament thickness Size and number of glue points Size and number of contact surfaces
Flächenmasse Größe und Anzahl Klebestellen Größe und Anzahl BerührungsflächenArea mass size and number of glue points size and number of contact surfaces
Ferner ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Klebevlies 30 bis 300 klebefreie Berührungsflächen 4 pro cm2 aufweist.It is also advantageous if the adhesive fleece has 30 to 300 adhesive-free contact areas 4 per cm 2 .
Zur Erreichung spezieller Funktionseigenschaften können z.B. auf einer oder auf beiden Oberflächenseiten des Verstärkungs- verbundstoffes 1 im gleichen Arbeitsgang wie bei der Verklebung der einzelnen textilen Einzellagen 2 oder in einem nachfolgenden Arbeitsgang ebenfalls durch ein Klebevlies nichttextile Funktionsflächen wie z. B. Metallfolie, Schaumstoff oder ähnliches befestigt sein.To achieve special functional properties, e.g. on one or on both surface sides of the reinforcing composite 1 in the same operation as when bonding the individual textile individual layers 2 or in a subsequent operation also by means of an adhesive nonwoven functional surfaces such as B. metal foil, foam or the like.
Der erfindungsgemäße textile Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 ermög- licht die zunehmenden Funktionsanforderungen an hohen Widerstand gegen schräg bis senkrecht auf eine Oberfläche des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 einwirkende Druck- und Durchstoßbeanspruchung durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination von mehreren textilen Einzellagen, die durch kleinflächige Klebestellen schiebe- und trennfest miteinander verbunden sind, hervorragend zu erfüllen.The textile reinforcement composite 1 according to the invention enables light to meet the increasing functional requirements for high resistance to oblique to vertical pressure and puncture stress acting on a surface of the reinforcing composite 1 by the combination according to the invention of several textile individual layers, which are bonded to one another by small-area adhesive points and are resistant to sliding and separation.
Durch die Erhöhung des Widerstandes gegen schräg bis senkrecht oberflächlich einwirkende Druck- bzw. Durchstoßbeanspruchung durch die kleinflächigen, schiebe- und trennfesten Klebestellen wird eine einsatzbezogene Reduzierung der Gesamtflächenmasse an den textilen Einzellagen z. B. gegenüber vergleichbaren, durch Übereinanderlegen von Einzellagen ohne oder mit Verbindung z . B. Vernähen möglich. Dies bedeutet für den erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen textilen Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 eine Reduzierung der Materialkosten bei den wertvollen textilen Einzellagen und eine Erhöhung der Gebrauchseignung durch geringeres zu tragendes, aufzuspannenden Gewichtes des aus dem flexiblen textilen Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 hergestellten Bauteiles bzw. Erzeugnisses.By increasing the resistance to oblique to vertical superficial pressure or puncture stress due to the small-area, sliding and separable bond points, an application-related reduction in the total mass of the textile individual layers z. B. compared to comparable, by stacking individual layers with or without connection z. B. sewing possible. For the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 according to the invention, this means a reduction in the material costs for the valuable individual textile layers and an increase in suitability for use due to the lower weight of the component or product made from the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 that has to be clamped.
Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen, die die Erfindung jedoch nicht begrenzen, wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments, which, however, do not limit the invention.
Ausführungsbeispiel 1:Example 1:
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der flexible textile Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 aus drei kettengewirkten textilen Einzellagen 2 mit einer Flächenmasse von 175, 250 und 400 g/m2.In one embodiment, the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of three warp knitted textile individual layers 2 with a basis weight of 175, 250 and 400 g / m 2 .
Die Kettengewirke bestehen aus Polyester-Multifilament-Garnen. Zur Verbindung ist zwischen dem Kettengewirke mit 175 g/m2 und dem mit 250 g/m2 Flächenmasse ein Polyester-Klebevlies 5 mit einer Flächenmasse von 17 g/m2 und zwischen den Kettengewirken mit 250 g/m2 Flächenmasse und dem mit 400 g/m2 Flächenmasse ein Polyester-Klebevlies 5 mit einer Flächenmasse von 24 g/m2 angeordnet. Diese mehrlagige Struktur wird einer Flachbett-Kaschieranlage zugeführt und dort mit folgenden Bedingungen zum Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 verfestigt:-The warp knitted fabrics consist of polyester multifilament yarns. Is for connection between the warp with 175 g / m 2 and 250 g / m 2 basis weight, a polyester adhesive web 5 with a basis weight of 17 g / m 2, and between the warp with 250 g / m 2 basis weight and with 400 g / m 2 basis weight Polyester adhesive fleece 5 with a basis weight of 24 g / m 2 arranged. This multi-layer structure is fed to a flat bed laminating system and solidified there with the following conditions to form the reinforcing composite 1:
Temperatur in den beiden Klebefugen: 132° C Bandabstand: 2 , 5 mmTemperature in the two adhesive joints: 132 ° C tape gap: 2.5 mm
Für die prüftechnische Darstellung der hohen Druck- bzw. Durchstoßfestigkeit des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 wird die bei Geotextilien übliche Stempeldurchdrückkraft bestimmt . Dabei drückt ein zapfenförmiger Metallstempel mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit senkrecht durch die Oberfläche der eingespannten Probe des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes .For the test-technical representation of the high pressure and puncture resistance of the reinforcing composite 1, the stamp penetration force customary in geotextiles is determined. A cone-shaped metal stamp presses vertically through the surface of the clamped sample of the reinforcement composite at a constant speed.
Mit der im Ausführungsbeispiel aufgeführten Konstruktion wurde eine Stempeldurchdrückkraft von 12,45 kN erreicht. Als Vergleich wurde bei einer nicht verklebten Konstruktion aus gleichen Kettengewirken aus Polyester bei einem vierlagigen Aufbau aus den Flächenmassen 175 g/m2, 200 g/m2, 250 g/m2 und 400 g/m2 eine Stempeldurchdrückkraft von 12,75 kN gemessen.With the construction listed in the exemplary embodiment, a punch penetration force of 12.45 kN was achieved. As a comparison, a stamp penetration force of 12.75 kN was used for a non-glued construction made of the same warp knitted fabrics made of polyester with a four-layer structure consisting of the basis weights 175 g / m 2 , 200 g / m 2 , 250 g / m 2 and 400 g / m 2 measured.
Ausführungsbeispiel 2 :Example 2:
In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der flexible Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 aus 24 textilen Einzellagen 2 gleicher Konstruktion. Es ist jeweils ein Gewebe aus Polyamid-Filament- garn mit einer Flächenmasse von 60 g/m2. Zur Verwendung wird ein durch Schäumung extrudiertes Polyamid-Klebevlies 5 eingesetzt, wobei die Flächenmasse des Klebevlieses 5, ausgehend von der zuerst durch Stoßdruck beanspruchten Oberflächenseite des flexiblen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1, erfindungsgemäß wie folgt variiert wird:In a second embodiment, the flexible reinforcement composite 1 consists of 24 individual textile layers 2 of the same construction. Each is a woven fabric made of polyamide filament yarn with a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 . For use, a polyamide adhesive fleece 5 extruded by foaming is used, the basis weight of the adhesive fleece 5, according to the invention, being varied as follows, starting from the surface side of the flexible reinforcing composite material 1 which is first subjected to impact pressure:
Zwischen der ersten und der sechsten textilen Einzellage 2 jeweils 20 g/m2; Zwischen der sechsten und der zwölften textilen Einzellage 2 jeweils 40 g/m2;Between the first and sixth individual textile layers 2, 20 g / m 2 ; Between the sixth and twelfth textile individual layers 2 40 g / m 2 ;
Zwischen der zwölften und der zwanzigsten textilen Einzellage 2 jeweils 60 g/m2;Between the twelfth and twentieth textile layer 2, 60 g / m 2 each;
Zwischen der zwanzigsten und der vierundzwanzigsten textilen Einzellage 2 jeweils 80 g/m2.Between the twentieth and the twenty-fourth individual textile layer 2, 80 g / m 2 in each case.
Dabei erfolgt die thermische Verfestigung auf einer Flachbett- Kaschieranlage in mehreren Passagen um jeweils eine für das Aufschmelzen der Klebevlieszwischenlagen erforderlichen Temperatur wirtschaftlich erzielen zu können.The thermal bonding takes place on a flat bed laminating system in several passages in order to be able to economically achieve the temperature required for melting the adhesive nonwoven intermediate layers.
Mit einer derartigen erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion des flexiblen textilen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 wird eine gleiche Durchstoßfestigkeit wie bei einem vergleichbaren Schichtstoff aus 30 textilen Einzellagen 2 aus dem gleichen Polyamidgewebe der Flächenmasse von 60 g/m2, verbunden durch Vernähen erreicht.With such a construction according to the invention of the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1, the same puncture resistance is achieved as with a comparable laminate of 30 textile individual layers 2 made of the same polyamide fabric with a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 , connected by sewing.
Die mit der Anzahl der textilen Einzellagen 2 zunehmende Klebevlies-Flächenmasse bewirkt größere und mehr lokale Klebestellen 3 und damit eine ständig zunehmende Absorption der Energie des durchstoßenden Körpers .The adhesive fleece surface mass increasing with the number of individual textile layers 2 causes larger and more local adhesive sites 3 and thus a continuously increasing absorption of the energy of the penetrating body.
Ausführungsbeispiel 3 :Example 3:
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der flexible textile Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 aus fünf textilen Einzellagen 2. In der Mitte des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 ist ein Nadelvliesstoff aus Polyesterfaser mit einer Flächenmasse von 200 g/m2 angeordnet.In a further exemplary embodiment, the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of five individual textile layers 2. In the middle of the reinforcement composite 1, a nonwoven fabric made of polyester fiber with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 is arranged.
An den beiden Außenflächen des Nadelvliesstoffes sind als festigkeitstragende textile Einzellage 2 jeweils ein Gewebe aus Polyestermonofilamentgarn der Flächenmasse von 75 g/m2 angeordnet. An den Außenflächen dieser beiden Gewebe wird jeweils eine textile Einzellage 2 aus Nadelvliesstoff aus Glasfasern mit einer Flächenmasse von 160 g/m2 angeordnet, diese beiden äußeren textilen Einzellagen 2 aus Glasfaservliesstoff garantieren eine . gute Flammbeständigkeit des flexiblen textilen Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1. Diese fünf textilen Einzellagen 2 sind durch Klebevliese 5 aus geschäumtem Polyester miteinander verbunden, wobei diese jeweils eine Flächenmasse von 40 g/m2 aufweisen.On each of the two outer surfaces of the needle-punched nonwoven fabric, a fabric is used as the strength-bearing textile individual layer 2 Polyester monofilament yarn with a basis weight of 75 g / m 2 arranged. A textile single layer 2 made of needle-punched nonwoven made of glass fibers with a mass per unit area of 160 g / m 2 is arranged on the outer surfaces of these two fabrics, these two outer textile single layers 2 made of glass fiber nonwoven guarantee one. good flame resistance of the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1. These five textile individual layers 2 are connected to one another by adhesive fleeces 5 made of foamed polyester, each of which has a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 .
Erfindungsgemäß wird dabei der Polyester-Nadelvliesstoff mit den Polyestergeweben mit einem Klebevlies 5 mit einer Flächenmasse von 40 g/m2 und die Polyestergewebe mit den Glasfaservliesstoffen jeweils durch zwei Klebevliese 5 mit einer Flächenmasse von 20 g/m2, also einer gesamten Klebevliesmasse von 40 g/m2 verbunden. Dabei entstehen entsprechend Fig. 4 die lokalen Klebestellen 3a und 3b, wobei die aus zwei Klebevliesschichten gleicher Gesamtmasse gebildeten Klebestellen 3b in größerer Anzahl vorhanden sind. Dabei wird in allen textilen Einzellagen 2 des Verstärkungsverbundstoffes 1 trotz unterschiedlicher Polymere der Einzellagen eine annähernd gleiche Trennfestigkeit garantiert .According to the invention, the polyester needle-punched nonwoven fabric with the polyester fabrics with an adhesive nonwoven 5 with a mass per unit area of 40 g / m 2 and the polyester fabric with the glass fiber nonwovens is in each case provided with two nonwoven webs 5 with a mass per unit area of 20 g / m 2 , i.e. a total adhesive nonwoven mass of 40 g / m 2 connected. According to FIG. 4, the local adhesive points 3a and 3b are produced, the number of adhesive points 3b formed from two layers of adhesive nonwoven having the same total mass being present. Here, in all textile individual layers 2 of the reinforcing composite 1, despite different polymers of the individual layers, approximately the same separation resistance is guaranteed.
Ausführungsbeispiel 4 :Example 4:
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der flexible textile Verstärkungsverbundstoff 1 aus drei textilen Einzellagen 2 gleicher Konstruktion. Es ist jeweils ein Gewebe aus Aramid- Filamentgarn mit einer Flächenmasse von 200 g/m2. Zur Verbindung wird ein durch Schäumung extrudiertes Polyamid-Klebevlies 5 eingesetzt, wobei die Flächenmasse des Klebevlieses im Laminat, jeweils zwischen den Einzellagen, 60 g/m2 ist. Die thermische Verfestigung erfolgt auf einer Flachbett-Kaschieranlage mit den vom Klebersystem benötigten Fixierkonditionen.In a further exemplary embodiment, the flexible textile reinforcement composite 1 consists of three textile individual layers 2 of the same construction. Each is a fabric made of aramid filament yarn with a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 . A polyamide adhesive fleece 5 extruded by foaming is used for the connection, the basis weight of the adhesive fleece in the laminate, in each case between the individual layers, being 60 g / m 2 . The thermal Solidification takes place on a flat bed laminating machine with the fixing conditions required by the adhesive system.
Acht dieser "3er Laminate" zeigten bei Versuchen die gleiche und bessere Durchstoßfestigkeit wie 30 textile Einzellagen aus dem gleichen Material und der gleichen Konstruktion. Eight of these "3-layer laminates" showed the same and better puncture resistance as 30 textile single layers made of the same material and the same construction.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkungen für z.B. Schutzwesten oder Verkleidungen wie Innenverkleidungen von Fahrzeugen, in Form eines flexiblen, textilen, laminierten bzw. kaschierten VerstärkungsVerbundstoffs aufweisend mindestens zwei Lagen (2) , wovon mindestens eine aus einem textilen Flächengebilde besteht, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t, d a s s zwischen den Lagen (2) diskrete Klebestellen (3) und neben den Klebestellen (3) durchlässige diskrete kleberfreie Berührungsflächen (4) und/oder diskrete Hohlräume (7) angeordnet sind, wobei die Klebestellen (3) unregelmäßig verteilt und unterschiedlich groß sind.Protective textile against ballistic effects for e.g. Protective vests or linings such as the interior linings of vehicles, in the form of a flexible, textile, laminated or laminated reinforcing composite, comprising at least two layers (2), of which at least one consists of a textile fabric, characterized in that there are discrete glue points between the layers (2) (3) and in addition to the glue points (3) permeable, discrete adhesive-free contact surfaces (4) and / or discrete cavities (7) are arranged, the glue points (3) being irregularly distributed and of different sizes.
Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t , d a s s auch die zweite Lage (2) ein textiles Flächengebilde ist.Protective textile according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t, that the second layer (2) is also a textile fabric.
Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Anzahl der durchlässigen Berührungsstellen (4) und/oder Hohlräume (7) zwischen 30 Stück pro cm2 und 300 Stück pro cm2 beträgt .Protective textile according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the number of permeable contact points (4) and / or cavities (7) is between 30 pieces per cm 2 and 300 pieces per cm 2 .
Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t , d a s s die textilen Flächengebilde aus Geweben und/oder Vliesstoffen und/oder Maschenware und/oder Gelegen bestehen. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the textile fabrics consist of fabrics and / or nonwovens and / or knitted fabrics and / or scrims.
5. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die textilen Flächengebilde aus einem Polymer, vorzugsweise aus Aramid und/oder Polyamid und/oder Polyesther und/oder Polyethylen und/oder Polypropylen und/oder Copolymerisaten und/oder Glasfasern, bestehen.5. Protective textile according to claim 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the textile fabrics consist of a polymer, preferably of aramide and / or polyamide and / or polyester and / or polyethylene and / or polypropylene and / or copolymers and / or glass fibers.
6. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s sie mindestens ein nichttextiles Funktionsflächengebilde, vorzugsweise eine Metallfolie und/oder eine Membranfolie und/oder einen Schaumstoff, enthält.6. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s it contains at least one non-textile functional fabric, preferably a metal foil and / or a membrane foil and / or a foam.
7. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h7. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h
Klebestellen (3) , die wirrlinienartig ausgebildet sind.Adhesive spots (3), which are designed like tangled lines.
8. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebestellen (3) aus einem Klebstoff polymer bestehen.8. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s the adhesive points (3) consist of an adhesive polymer.
9. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebestellen (3) aus einem Polyolefin oder Copolyamid oder Copolyesther oder Terpolymer bestehen.9. Protective textile according to claim 8, where the adhesive points (3) consist of a polyolefin or copolyamide or copolyester or terpolymer.
10. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und 8 und/oder 9, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h aus einem Klebevlies infolge eines Kaschierprozesses resultierende, wirr verteilte Klebestellen (3) in Form einer spinnennetzartigen VliesnetzStruktur, deren Netzfilament- elemente die Berührungsflächen (4) und/oder Hohlräume (7) einfassen. 10. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 and 8 and / or 9, characterized by confusingly distributed adhesive sites (3) resulting from an adhesive fleece as a result of a laminating process in the form of a spider web-like nonwoven web structure, the web filament elements of which are the contact surfaces (4) and / or enclose cavities (7).
11. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e- k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebestellen (3) unterschiedlich lang und/oder dick und/oder breit sind und dass auch die Berührungsflächen (4) und/oder die Hohlräume (7) unterschiedliche Abmessungen aufweisen.11. Protective textile according to claim 10, where the adhesive spots (3) are of different lengths and / or thick and / or wide and that the contact surfaces (4) and / or the cavities (7) have different dimensions.
12. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h mindestens zwei Lagen aus materialmäßig unterschiedlichen textilen Flächengebilden.12. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h at least two layers of material-different textile fabrics.
13. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h mindestens zwei Lagen aus demselben Material, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Flächenmassen.13. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, at least two layers of the same material, but with different masses, are used.
14. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s mindestens drei Lagen (2) mit zwei Klebeschichten vorhanden sind und die Klebstoffmasse in den beiden Klebstoffschichten unterschiedlich ist.14. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that there are at least three layers (2) with two adhesive layers and the adhesive composition in the two adhesive layers is different.
15. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die unterschiedliche Klebstoffmasse dem Unterschied der Flächenmasse der verwendeten Klebevliese (5) entspricht.15. Protective textile according to claim 14, where the different adhesive mass corresponds to the difference in the mass per unit area of the adhesive fleece used (5).
16. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Anzahl der Klebestellen (3) in den Klebeschichten unterschiedlich ist aufgrund der Verwendung von Klebevliesen unterschiedlicher Flächenmasse. 16. Protective textile according to claim 15, characterized in that the number of adhesive points (3) in the adhesive layers is different due to the use of non-woven fabrics of different mass.
17. ' Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 15 und/oder 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Anzahl der Berührungsflächen (4) und/oder der Hohlräume (7) unterschiedlich ist aufgrund der Verwendung von Klebevliesen unterschiedlicher Flächenmasse.17. ' Protective textile according to claim 15 and / or 16, characterized in that the number of contact surfaces (4) and / or the cavities (7) is different due to the use of adhesive fleeces of different mass.
18. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebestellen (3) und mindestens eine Lage zweier verbundener Lagen (2) aus demselben Polymer bestehen.18. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the glue points (3) and at least one layer of two connected layers (2) consist of the same polymer.
19. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebestellen (3) einer Klebeschicht aus unterschiedlichen Klebstoffpolymeren bestehen.19. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the glue points (3) of an adhesive layer consist of different adhesive polymers.
20. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis20. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to
19, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Klebst off menge in einer Klebeschicht zwischen zwei Lagen (2) 10 bis 100 g/m2 beträgt.19, characterized in that the amount of adhesive in an adhesive layer between two layers (2) is 10 to 100 g / m 2 .
21. Schutztextilie nach Anspruch 20, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h zwei Klebeschichten zwischen drei Lagen (2) mit unterschiedlicher Anzahl von Klebestellen (3) bei gleicher Klebstoffmenge aufgrund z.B. der Verwendung von lediglich einer Klebevliesbahn in der einen Klebeschicht und zwei Klebe- vliesbahnen übereinander in der anderen Klebeschicht, wobei die Flächenmasse der Klebeschichten gleich ist. 21. Protective textile according to claim 20, characterized by two adhesive layers between three layers (2) with different numbers of adhesive points (3) with the same amount of adhesive, for example due to the use of only one adhesive nonwoven web in one adhesive layer and two adhesive nonwoven webs one above the other in the other adhesive layer, where the basis weight of the adhesive layers is the same.
22. Schutztextilie nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 21, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s sie mehrere textile Lagen (2) unterschiedlicher Flächenmasse aufweist und dass zwischen den Lagen (2) die Klebeschichten gleiche und/oder unterschiedliche Flächenmassen, resultierend aus den Flächenmassen der verwendeten Klebstoffelemente, aufweisen.22. Protective textile according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that it has several textile layers (2) of different mass and that between the layers (2) the adhesive layers have the same and / or different masses, resulting from the masses of the adhesive elements used , exhibit.
23. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkungen nach Art eines flexiblen textilen Verstärkungsverbundstoffs, insbesondere eines Verstärkungs- verbundstoffs mit den Merkmalen eines oder mehrerer der Ansprüche 1 bis 22, wobei mindestens zwei Lagen (2), wovon mindestens eine aus einem textilen Flächengebilde besteht, und zwischen denen Klebstoffstellen (3) aus unter Druck- und Temperatureinwirkung schmelzendem Klebstoff angeordnet sind, unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur kaschiert werden.23. A method for producing a protective textile against ballistic effects in the manner of a flexible textile reinforcement composite, in particular a reinforcement composite with the features of one or more of claims 1 to 22, at least two layers (2), at least one of which consists of a textile fabric , and between which adhesive locations (3) of adhesive melting under the influence of pressure and temperature are arranged, are laminated under the influence of pressure and temperature.
24. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s als zweite Lage (2) ebenfalls ein textiles Flächengebilde verwendet wird.24. The method according to claim 23, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that as a second layer (2) also a textile fabric is used.
25. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23 und/oder 24, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s für die Lagen (2) Gewebe und/oder Vliesstoffe und/oder Maschenware und/oder Gelege verwendet werden.25. The method according to claim 23 and / or 24, because of the use of the layers (2) of fabrics and / or nonwovens and / or knitted fabrics and / or scrims.
26. Verfahren nach Anspruch 25, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s Flächengebilde aus Aramid und/oder Polyamid und/oder Poly- esther und/oder Polyethylen und/oder Polypropylen und/oder Copolymeren daraus und/oder Glasfasern verwendet werden. 26. The method according to claim 25, since you rchgek characterized that fabrics made of aramide and / or polyamide and / or polyester and / or polyethylene and / or polypropylene and / or copolymers thereof and / or glass fibers are used.
27. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 26, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s für mindestens eine Lage (2) ein nichttextiles Funktions- flächengebilde, insbesondere eine Metallfolie und/oder eine Membranfolie und/oder Schaumstoff, verwendet wird.27. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 26, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that is used for at least one layer (2) of a non-textile functional fabric, in particular a metal foil and / or a membrane foil and / or foam.
28. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 27, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s für die Klebstoffstellen eine Beschichtung verwendet wird, die vorzugsweise unregelmäßig verteilte und/oder vorzugsweise unterschiedlich große Klebstoffflächen aufweist.28. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 27, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that a coating is used for the adhesive sites, which preferably has irregularly distributed and / or preferably differently sized adhesive areas.
29. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 28, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s Klebstoff aus einem Klebstoffpolymer verwendet wird.29. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 28, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that s adhesive from an adhesive polymer is used.
30. Verfahren nach Anspruch 29, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s als Klebstoffpolymer ein Polyolefin oder Copolyamid oder Copolyesther oder Terpolymer verwendet wird.30. The method according to claim 29, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that as a adhesive polymer is a polyolefin or copolyamide or copolyester or terpolymer is used.
31. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 30, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s ein Klebevlies verwendet wird.31. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 30, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that an adhesive fleece is used.
32. Verfahren nach Anspruch 31, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s ein geschäumtes Klebevlies verwendet wird. 32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that a foamed adhesive fleece is used.
33. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 32, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s mindestens zwei Lagen aus materialmäßig unterschiedlichen textilen Flächengebilden verwendet werden.33. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 32, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that at least two layers of material-wise different textile fabrics are used.
34. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 33, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s mindestens zwei Lagen aus demselben Material, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Flächenmassen, verwendet werden.34. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 33, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that at least two layers of the same material, but with different mass per unit area, are used.
35. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 34, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s mindestens drei Lagen (2) verwendet werden und zwischen den Lagen Klebevliese unterschiedlicher Flächenmasse verwendet werden.35. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 34, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that at least three layers (2) are used and between the layers adhesive fleeces of different basis weight are used.
36. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 35, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s ein Klebevlies aus einem Polymer verwendet wird, aus dem mindestens eine der zu verklebenden Lagen besteht.36. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 35, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that an adhesive nonwoven made of a polymer is used, from which at least one of the layers to be glued consists.
37. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 36, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s Klebevliese aus unterschiedlichen Klebstoffpolymeren verwendet werden.37. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 36, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that s s non-woven fabrics made of different adhesive polymers are used.
38. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 37, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s Klebevliese mit Flächenmassen zwischen 10 und 100 g/m2 verwendet werden.38. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 37, characterized in that adhesive fleeces with basis weights between 10 and 100 g / m 2 are used.
39. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 38, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s für eine Klebeschicht mindestens zwei Klebevliese übereinander angeordnet verwendet werden. 39. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 38, characterized in that at least two adhesive fleeces arranged one above the other are used for an adhesive layer.
40. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 39, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s textile Flächengebilde unterschiedlicher Flachenmassen verwendet werden, zwischen denen Klebevliese unterschiedlicher Flächenmasse angeordnet werden.40. The method according to one or more of claims 23 to 39, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that textile flat structures of different surface masses are used, between which adhesive fleeces of different surface mass are arranged.
41. Verwendung einer Schutztextilie gegen ballistische Einwirkungen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 22, hergestellt nach einem Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 23 bis 40 für Schutzwesten oder Verkleidungen. 41. Use of a protective textile against ballistic effects according to one or more of claims 1 to 22, produced by a method according to one or more of claims 23 to 40 for protective vests or coverings.
PCT/EP2003/007651 2002-07-16 2003-07-15 Ballistic protective textile WO2004008059A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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DE10392835T DE10392835D2 (en) 2002-07-16 2003-07-15 Protective textile against ballistic effects
AU2003281066A AU2003281066A1 (en) 2002-07-16 2003-07-15 Ballistic protective textile

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DE10232269.4 2002-07-16
DE10232269A DE10232269A1 (en) 2002-07-16 2002-07-16 Flexible textile reinforcement composite

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AU2003281066A1 (en) 2004-02-02
DE10232269A1 (en) 2004-02-05
WO2004007190A1 (en) 2004-01-22
DE10392833D2 (en) 2005-06-09
WO2004007190A8 (en) 2004-03-25
DE10392835D2 (en) 2005-06-09
AU2003250064A1 (en) 2004-02-02
AU2003250064A8 (en) 2004-02-02

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