WO2004001208A1 - Flow divider and ecology valve - Google Patents
Flow divider and ecology valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004001208A1 WO2004001208A1 PCT/US2003/020032 US0320032W WO2004001208A1 WO 2004001208 A1 WO2004001208 A1 WO 2004001208A1 US 0320032 W US0320032 W US 0320032W WO 2004001208 A1 WO2004001208 A1 WO 2004001208A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- valve
- manifold
- flow
- engine operation
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/228—Dividing fuel between various burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/232—Fuel valves; Draining valves or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fuel supply systems and more particularly to a flow divider and ecology valve for supplying fuel to an engine manifold and withdrawing fuel therefrom upon engine shut-down.
- Gas turbine engine fuel delivery systems may require multiple fuel manifolds and an arrangement for apportioning fuel flow among those manifolds to segregate various types of fuel nozzles for optimal engine performance.
- U.S. Patent 5,809,771 to Wemberg discloses a fuel flow splitting valve having a single piston operable in two different regions, one for modulating flow to primary and secondary engine nozzles as a function of fuel pressure and another where flow to primary and secondary engine nozzles is determined by the fixed port geometry.
- some engines may require an ecology function that removes a set quantity of fuel from the engine fuel manifold(s) upon cessation of engine operation.
- Fuel removal is required to keep fuel from vaporizing into the atmosphere and to avoid fuel coking on the engine's fuel nozzles, a condition that hinders nozzle performance.
- Prior art ecology systems have used an arrangement of pistons, check valves, plumbing, reservoirs and pumps to accomplish this task.
- multiple ecology valves or a multiple chambered ecology valve have been used.
- a two chambered valve is disclosed in the abovementioned Wemberg patent. In the Wemberg system, fuel is simultaneously withdrawn from the two manifolds and a separate chamber is required for each engine manifold to ensure complete fuel removal from those manifolds upon engine shut-down.
- the present invention provides solutions to the above considerations in the form of an ecology and flow divider valve module consisting of a flow shutoff and pressurizing valve assembly, and an ecology valve (piston reservoir) assembly, packaged on a common centerline, in a common body.
- the module includes a flow apportioning valve downstream of the shutoff and pressurizing valve.
- the invention comprises, in one form thereof, a fuel flow dividing ecology valve for selectively conveying fuel from a fuel source to at least a secondary gas turbine engine intake manifold during engine operation and withdrawing fuel therefrom upon cessation of engine operation which includes a flow dividing portion and an ecology valve portion.
- the flow dividing valve portion has an inlet coupled to the fuel source and an outlet coupled to the secondary manifold, the flow dividing valve portion transitions from a fuel flow blocking condition to a condition in which fuel may flow from the source to the manifold solely in response to the fuel pressure differential between the inlet and the outlet.
- the ecology valve portion is controlled solely by the fuel pressure differential between the dividing valve portion inlet and outlet for withdrawing fuel from the secondary engine intake manifold when the engine is de-energized thereby purging the manifold of fuel, and returning withdrawn fuel to the manifold during subsequent engine operation.
- a fuel flow dividing valve for selectively conveying fuel from a fuel source to at least a primary gas turbine engine intake manifold and a secondary gas turbine engine intake manifold during engine operation includes a pressure differential actuated flow dividing valve portion having a movable valve spool with a flow restricting inlet and first and second substantially unrestricted outlets.
- the first outlet is coupled to the inlet and is independent of valve condition for supplying fuel to the primary manifold.
- the second outlet is coupled to the inlet for supplying fuel to the secondary manifold only when the pressure differential across the flow restriction exceeds a threshold.
- An ecology valve portion is controlled solely by the fuel pressure differential between the fuel source and the flow restricting inlet for withdrawing fuel first from the secondary engine intake manifold and subsequently from the primary engine intake manifold when the engine is de-energized thereby purging both manifolds of fuel, and returns withdrawn fuel to the manifolds during subsequent engine operation.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that ecology valve is controlled solely by fuel flow to and the pressure differential across the flow splitter valve.
- Figure 1 is a general schematic illustration of a fuel supply system incorporating the present invention in one form
- Figure 2 is a detailed schematic illustration of the fuel divider and ecology valve of Figure 1 shown in the engine-running configuration
- Figure 3 is a detailed schematic illustration of the fuel divider and ecology valve of Figure 1 shown in the engine start-up configuration
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the valve of Figures 2 and 3 in the engine off configuration;
- Figure 5 is a general schematic illustration of a fuel supply system incorporating the present invention in an alternate form;
- Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the form of a fuel divider and ecology valve shown in Figure 5.
- Combustion region 15 may include fuel intake manifolds such as a primary manifold 23 and a secondary manifold 25 with nozzles such as 27 and 29 for introducing fuel into the combustion region.
- the manifolds may, for example, be generally annular hollow structures with the nozzles distributed about the inner annular surfaces.
- Fuel is supplied to the manifolds from a fuel source 31 which may include conventional pump, metering valve, pressurizing valve, bypass valves and flow meter as desired. Fuel flow from source 31 to the primary manifold 23 is directly by way of line 33 while fuel flows through a valve 35 on its way to secondary manifold 25. A low pressure fuel return 39 may be included. Valve 35 is shown in greater detail in Figure 2.
- the valve 35 is seen to include an ecology valve portion 43 located within a housing 61 having a generally cylindrical piston 53 reciprocably disposed therein for movement between a first extreme position as shown in Figure 2, and a second extreme position where the piston engages a shoulder 57 as illustrated in Figure 4. Between the piston and housing there is formed a variable volume chamber 63 for withdrawing fuel from the secondary engine intake manifold 25 when the engine is de-energized and the piston moves from the first extreme position rightwardly under the urging of spring 55 toward the second extreme position to purge the manifold 25 of fuel.
- Valve 35 also includes a flow dividing valve portion 41 which has an inlet port 65 for receiving fuel at source pressure PS from the source 31 , an outlet port 67 for conveying fuel at pressure PM to the secondary manifold 25 and a control port 69 for supplying an actuating pressure PX to the ecology valve portion 43.
- Valve portion 41 has a generally cylindrical valve spool 45 movable between a first extreme leftward position shown in Figure 4 in which the spool closes the inlet port and a second extreme position where piston 45 engages shoulder 49 allowing fuel flow from the inlet port 65 to the outlet port 67.
- valve spool 45 is resiliently biased toward the left or closed position by spring 47.
- the ecology valve piston 53 is resiliently biased by spring 55 toward the sepond or extreme rightward position and is movable from the second position leftward toward the first or Figure 2 position due to urging provided by the control pressure PX to return fuel from chamber 63 to the secondary manifold. Fuel is expelled from chamber 63 by leftward piston movement through outlet port 67 caused by an increase in fuel pressure at the flow dividing valve portion inlet port 65.
- the secondary flow shutoff and pressurizing valve portion 41 is seen to consists of a combination inlet fitting soft seat retainer 107, a matched valve 109 and sleeve 1 1 1 , a spring 47 with shims, and a spring retainer 1 13 held in place with the ecology valve spring 55.
- the secondary flow shutoff and pressurizing valve portion 41 performs three functions. First, it incorporates a fluorocarbon 'o'ring soft seat, and Teflon cap seals energized by fluorosilicone 'o'rjngs, as shown at 51 to obtain drip tight leakage control.
- the ecology valve assembly 43 consists of a cover 1 17, a spring 55, and an unsleeved piston 53.
- a Teflon cap seal energized by a fluorosilicone 'o'ring 1 19 controls leakage across the piston.
- This piston performs the function of collecting a set amount of fuel from the secondary flow manifold upon engine cessation. The stored fuel is returned to the secondary flow manifold during the following engine run cycle.
- the valve spool 45 and piston 53 are both generally cylindrical and movable along a common axis 95.
- the pressurizing valve spool 45 moves rightwardly to the PS / PM near open or cracking position shown in Figure 3, and it's switching function , connects PX pressure to PS pressure through control port 69, conduit 97, valve spool groove 99, axially along the spool to groove 101 , and housing conduit 103 to the chamber 105.
- the PS / PM flow path remains blocked, leaving the pressure in the secondary flow manifold (as well as the spring side of the ecology valve) low. This causes the ecology valve to travel toward its energized position, returning the stored fuel from the spring side of the valve to the secondary flow manifold.
- the shutoff and pressurizing valve portion 41 remains more or less stationary up to the time that the ecology valve reaches its hard stop fully energized position. In this position, the secondary flow manifold has been refilled with the volume of fuel stored in the ecology valve.
- PX pressure gets dead headed, and PM pressure now continues to rise.
- the pressurizing valve moves to the PS / PM cracking position, allowing secondary burn flow to the engine.
- the shutoff and pressurizing valve further opens the PS / PM flow path as pressure differential increases as shown in Figure 2. It should be noted that during ail engine run conditions, the ecology valve is in its full energized position against the respective hard stop, making the ecology valve a non-dynamic feature with respect to secondary metered burn flow to the engine.
- valve 35 selectively conveys fuel from the fuel source exclusively to the secondary gas turbine engine intake manifold 25 during engine operation and withdraws fuel exclusively therefrom upon cessation of engine operation. Purging of the primary manifold, if employed, is by a separate ecology valve, expelling fuel under air pressure to be burned in the combustion region, or other known technique. In Figures 5 and 6, however, fuel flow is from the supply 31 to a valve 59 and then from valve 59 to both primary 23 and secondary 25 manifolds. This facilitates purging of the primary as well as the secondary manifold upon engine shut-down.
- the ecology valve portion piston 71 includes a generally hollow cylindrical sidewall 73 having sidewall apertures 75 and 77 and the housing 79 has first and second axially spaced ports 81 and 83.
- the first port 81 provides a fuel flow path between the variable volume chamber 127 and the primary manifold by way of outlet port 91 while the second port 83 provides a fuel flow path between the variable volume chamber and the secondary manifold by way of outlet port 93.
- Figure 6 includes a pressure differential actuated flow dividing valve 85 which has a movable valve spool 87 with a flow restricting inlet 89 and first (primary manifold pressure PPM) outlet 91 and second (secondary manifold pressure PSM) outlet 93, both of which are substantially unrestricted outlets.
- Outlet 91 is coupled to the inlet 89 (and pressure P4) through the central axial spool path independent of valve condition for supplying fuel to the primary manifold while the secondary manifold outlet 93 is coupled to the inlet 89 for supplying fuel to the secondary manifold when the pressure differential across the flow restriction 89 exceeds a threshold and the spool moves upwardly against the urging of spring 121 .
- This movement aligns a movable spool sidewall port 123 with a housing opening which connects to outlet port 93.
- the spool 125 functions, as did spool 45, in response to inlet pressure P3 to move rightwardly initially connecting inlet pressure P3 as control pressure PX to the right face of piston 71 returning previously purged fuel sequentially first to the primary manifold 23 by way of piston skirt aperture 77 and ports 81 and 91 , and subsequently to the secondary manifold 25 by way of piston skirt aperture 77 and ports 83 and 93.
- the low pressure return which connects to line 39 is indicated as PO.
- FIG. 6 shows valve 59 in the engine running configuration with the valve 85 conveying fuel from the fuel source to both primary 23 and secondary 25 gas turbine engine intake manifolds.
- fuel is first withdrawn from manifold 25 by way of ports 93 and 83 through apertures 75 and 77 into the variable volume ecology valve chamber 127.
- fuel is withdrawn from manifold 23 by way of ports 91 and 81 through apertures 75 and 77 into the variable volume ecology valve chamber 127.
- the fuel withdrawn from the primary and secondary manifolds is commingled in chamber 127 prior to returning fuel to the two manifolds upon subsequent engine energization.
- withdrawal of fuel from the primary manifold commences before withdrawal of fuel from the secondary manifold is completed. This slight overlap is intentional to avoid potential valve lock-up and occurs when piston 71 is in position where aperture 75 aligns with port 81 and aperture 77 aligns with port 83.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004516251A JP2005530951A (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2003-06-25 | Flow branching device and ecology valve |
AU2003247640A AU2003247640A1 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2003-06-25 | Flow divider and ecology valve |
EP03761327A EP1516110A1 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2003-06-25 | Flow divider and ecology valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/179,783 | 2002-06-25 | ||
US10/179,783 US6751939B2 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2002-06-25 | Flow divider and ecology valve |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004001208A1 true WO2004001208A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
Family
ID=29734982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/020032 WO2004001208A1 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2003-06-25 | Flow divider and ecology valve |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6751939B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1516110A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005530951A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003247640A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004001208A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7386981B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-06-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus generating multiple pressure signals in a fuel system |
EP1735529B1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2016-05-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus generating multiple pressure signals in a fuel system |
US7726112B2 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2010-06-01 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Fuel system of gas turbine engines |
WO2007127949A2 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-08 | Sko Flo Industries, Inc. | Flow control valve |
WO2007127986A2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-08 | Sko Flo Industries, Inc. | Flow measuring apparatus including a piston movable in the flow barrel |
GB0622833D0 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2006-12-27 | Goodrich Control Sys Ltd | Fuel system and ecology valve for use therein |
US8127524B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2012-03-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Gas turbine fuel metering unit |
US7841184B2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2010-11-30 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Start flow measurement |
US7530260B2 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2009-05-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Surge detection in a gas turbine engine |
US8950425B1 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2015-02-10 | Jansen's Aircraft Systems Controls, Inc. | Combining valve with fuel relief and sealing |
WO2009150013A1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-way valve of a fuel system of a gas turbine |
GB0811820D0 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-07-30 | Rolls Royce Plc | A Fuel control arrangement |
US8353306B2 (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2013-01-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel divider system for gas turbine engine |
US8316630B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-11-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Flow equalizing override assembly for fuel divider system |
US8046983B2 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2011-11-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | Ecology valve fuel return system for gas turbine engine |
US8122699B2 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2012-02-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Ecology valve fuel return system operable in fluid isolation during gas turbine engine shut-down |
US20100326077A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-12-30 | General Electric Company | System for mitigating a fuel system transient |
US20100326081A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-12-30 | General Electric Company | Method for mitigating a fuel system transient |
US8393156B2 (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-03-12 | Woodward, Inc. | Variable performance valve of a fuel nozzle for a turbine engine |
US9234465B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2016-01-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fuel flow divider and ecology system for a gas turbine engine fuel flow control system |
US8464740B2 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2013-06-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Combustor fuel control systems with flow divider assemblies |
US8567201B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2013-10-29 | Triumph Engine Control Systems, Llc | Ecology system for draining the manifold of a gas turbine engine |
EP2841741A2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2015-03-04 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for preventing fuel leakage in a gas turbine engine |
US9416732B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-08-16 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Engine manifold drain system |
US9447733B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-09-20 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Gas turbine engine fuel system with ecology valve |
CA2860682C (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2015-08-18 | Westport Power Inc. | Gaseous fluid supply system with subsystem for isolating a storage vessel from an end user |
FR3028245B1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2019-05-24 | Airbus Operations | FUEL SUPPLY CIRCUIT OF AN AIRCRAFT |
US10858998B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2020-12-08 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fuel drain system and method |
US20170292459A1 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-10-12 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fuel ecology system |
CN108005789B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-09-24 | 中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限责任公司 | A kind of fuel dispenser with combination valve core |
CN109611247B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-12-29 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | Fuel oil collecting device for preventing fuel oil leakage of engine |
FR3088982B1 (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-10-30 | Safran Helicopter Engines | ROCKER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM |
US11536201B2 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-12-27 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | System and method for purging a fuel manifold of a gas turbine engine through a flow divider valve |
US11391214B2 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2022-07-19 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | System and method for purging a fuel manifold of a gas turbine engine using a flow divider assembly |
US11486303B2 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2022-11-01 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | System and method for purging a fuel manifold of a gas turbine engine using a pump |
US20210062714A1 (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-04 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Method of operating a gas turbine engine at a low power condition |
US11525410B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-12-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Systems and methods for purging a fuel manifold of a gas turbine engine |
US11346281B2 (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-05-31 | Woodward, Inc. | Dual schedule flow divider valve, system, and method for use therein |
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US5809771A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1998-09-22 | Woodward Governor Company | Aircraft engine fuel system |
WO2001007767A1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-01 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Draining device for the fuel supply system of a gas turbine engine |
US6314998B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-11-13 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Fuel divider and ecology system for a gas turbine engine |
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-
2002
- 2002-06-25 US US10/179,783 patent/US6751939B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-06-25 JP JP2004516251A patent/JP2005530951A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-06-25 WO PCT/US2003/020032 patent/WO2004001208A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-06-25 AU AU2003247640A patent/AU2003247640A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-25 EP EP03761327A patent/EP1516110A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-04-27 US US10/832,674 patent/US7093420B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5809771A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1998-09-22 | Woodward Governor Company | Aircraft engine fuel system |
WO2001007767A1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-01 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Draining device for the fuel supply system of a gas turbine engine |
US6314998B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-11-13 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Fuel divider and ecology system for a gas turbine engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030233823A1 (en) | 2003-12-25 |
EP1516110A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
US7093420B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 |
US6751939B2 (en) | 2004-06-22 |
AU2003247640A1 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
US20050166572A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
JP2005530951A (en) | 2005-10-13 |
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