WO2003106887A1 - Vanne - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2003106887A1
WO2003106887A1 PCT/GB2003/002224 GB0302224W WO03106887A1 WO 2003106887 A1 WO2003106887 A1 WO 2003106887A1 GB 0302224 W GB0302224 W GB 0302224W WO 03106887 A1 WO03106887 A1 WO 03106887A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
ball
bore
chamber
valve according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2003/002224
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Dawson Burnett
Original Assignee
Weir Valves & Controls Uk Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weir Valves & Controls Uk Limited filed Critical Weir Valves & Controls Uk Limited
Priority to AU2003232345A priority Critical patent/AU2003232345A1/en
Publication of WO2003106887A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003106887A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/16—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
    • F17D1/17—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid, i.e. diluting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0605—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor with particular plug arrangements, e.g. particular shape or built-in means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve, and particularly though not exclusively a valve for subsea gas or oil extraction.
  • Hydrocarbon fluid especially ii V ux wu uuii t ⁇ j w in ⁇ iiu i c ⁇ ⁇ l i /ajui ⁇ it l ⁇ vuo uiu giuuuu and passes to a pipeline or valve.
  • the temperature and pressure drop is such that the hydrocarbon fluid may tend to freeze, a process which is known as hydrate formation. Hydrate formation is a problem because the hydrate may block the pipeline through which the liquid is flowing, or may cause a valve to become jammed in a particular configuration.
  • hydrate formation is suppressed is to inject methyl ethylene glycol (MEG), which inhibits hydrate formation, into gas or oil extraction pipelines at the point at which the gas or oil leaves the seabed.
  • MEG methyl ethylene glycol
  • the injection is via a constant slow release mechanism, the rate of injection being selected so as to be sufficient to inhibit hydrate formation.
  • Hydrate formation may occur if, for example, the rate of MEG injection is incorrectly selected, or if it is not possible to provide MEG at a rate sufficient to inhibit hydrate formation.
  • hydrate formation may occur due to an increase of the pressure drop experienced by the gas or oil as it leaves the ground, especially if the amount of injected MEG is calculated on the basis of a previously measured pressure drop.
  • hydrate formation may still occur. If hydrate formation occurs in a valve located on the seabed then the valve can become jammed. Oil or gas extraction must be interrupted in order to disconnect the valve from pipelines which it serves, and the valve is then raised to the surface. Since the water temperature at the surface is higher than at the seabed, it is usually the case that the hydrate melts by the time the valve has been raised to the surface. Removing hydrate from a valve in this way is disadvantageous because the interruption of oil extraction, which may last for some time, leads to a significant loss of revenue. In addition the pipeline will be contaminated with seawater.
  • a valve comprising a ball located in a chamber defined by a housing, the ball being moveable between an open configuration which allows fluid to flow from an upstream pipe to a downstream pipe via the valve and a closed configuration which prevents the flow of fluid through the valve, wherein the valve is provided with means to selectively allow hydrate dissolving fluid to be delivered to the valve.
  • the invention is advantageous because it allows a build up of hydrate in the valve to be dissolved without removing the valve from its operational location (the seabed).
  • the hydrate dissolving fluid delivery means comprises a dedicated conduit which passes through at least part of the housing and opens into the chamber.
  • the term 'dedicated conduit' is intended to mean that the conduit carries hydrate dissolving fluid when it is required, but does not deliver fluid from the upstream pipe to the downstream pipe.
  • the hydrate dissolving fluid delivery means comprises a conduit which passes through at least part of the housing and opens into the chamber.
  • the conduit opens into the chamber at a location adjacent the ball.
  • the ball is rotatable ball and is provided with a bore.
  • the conduit opens into the chamber at a location within the bore of the rotatable ball.
  • the rotatable ball is operated via a stem, and the conduit passes along at least part of the stem.
  • the conduit is located within the stem and opens into an annular region defined between the stem and the housing.
  • the annular region is in fluid communication with a further portion of the conduit, which passes to the exterior of the housing.
  • the conduit comprises a bore which branches into two bores, a first bore opening into the chamber at a location adjacent the ball, and a second bore opening into the chamber at a location within the bore of the rotatable ball.
  • the conduit comprises two separate bores which do not intersect, a first bore opening into the chamber at a location adjacent the ball, and a second bore opening into the chamber at a location within the bore of the rotatable ball.
  • the conduit further comprises an additional bore which opens into the chamber at a location spaced away from the first bore and the second bore.
  • the conduit is connected to an input valve which controls the delivery of hydrate dissolving fluid to the valve chamber.
  • connection means are provided at an upstream side of the input valve to allow hydrate dissolving fluid to be delivered at pressure into the conduit.
  • connection means comprises a hot stab connector.
  • valve further comprising means to selectively allow hydrate dissolving fluid, and dissolved hydrate, to be removed from the valve.
  • the removal means comprises a bore which passes from the chamber to an output valve.
  • the output valve is connected to a pipe which is located downstream of the valve.
  • the ball valve is provided with a double piston seal, which allows pressurisation of the valve cavity without cavity relief. This is advantageous because it aids functionality.
  • the housing is provided with one or more grab rails to allow a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to be attached to the housing.
  • ROV remotely operated vehicle
  • the invention also provides a valve comprising a ball located in a chamber defined by a housing, the ball being moveable between an open configuration which allows fluid to flow from an upstream pipe to a downstream pipe via the valve and a closed configuration which prevents the flow of fluid through the valve, wherein the valve is provided with means to selectively allow fluid to be purged from the valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional drawing of a valve which embodies the invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the valve shown in figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a double piston valve seat which forms part of the valve of figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second valve which embodies the invention.
  • a ball valve is generally indicated at 1.
  • the ball valve 1 comprises a ball 2 provided with a central bore 3 and attached to a stem 4.
  • a housing 5 defines a chamber 6 in which the ball 2 is held.
  • valve 1 is connected between first and second pipes 7, 8, and controls the flow of fluid from the first pipe 7 (referred to hereafter as the upstream pipe 7) to the second pipe 8 (referred to hereafter as the downstream pipe 8)
  • valve is operated via rotation of the stem 4.
  • Rotation of the stem 4 moves the ball 2 between an open configuration in which the bore 3 is aligned with the pipes 7, 8 to allow fluid to flow through the valve 1, and a closed configuration in which the bore 3 is transverse to the pipes 7, 8 (i.e. the bore 3 is not in fluid communication with the pipes), thereby preventing fluid from flowing.
  • the closed configuration of the valve 1 is shown in figure 1.
  • the seating design of the ball valve is a double piston configuration.
  • the double piston configuration is important to the operation of the valve, as is described further below in relation to figure 3.
  • the ball valve is configured to allow the injection of methyl ethylene glycol (MEG), or other suitable fluid, into the ball valve to melt hydrate within the ball valve. For this reason a bore 9 is provided in the housing 5.
  • the bore 9 passes downwards through a branch 10 and opens into the chamber 6 in which the ball 2 is held.
  • the bore 9 also connects with a bore 11 located in the valve stem 4, which opens into the bore 3 in the ball 2.
  • connection between the bore 9 and the bore 11 provides fluid communication between the bores 9, 11 irrespective of the orientation of the valve stem 4.
  • a 'gallery' which, referring to figure la, comprises an annular recess 101 together with a series of radially extending bores 102 which communicate with the bore 11.
  • O-ring seals 103 are provided between the stem 4 and the housing 5.
  • the MEG injection bore 9 is connected to an isolation ball valve 12, which is in turn connected to a hot stab connector 13.
  • the isolation ball valve 12 is referred to hereafter as the input ball valve 12.
  • Both the input ball valve 12 and the hot stab connector 13 are configured to allow operation by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) which carries MEG, thereby allowing MEG to be injected into the bore 9.
  • ROV remotely operated vehicle
  • the hot stab connector 13 is provided with a dummy receptacle 14 which is secured in the hot stab connector to isolate the hot stab connector from the sea.
  • a second isolation ball valve 15 is connected to a bore 16 which opens into the chamber 6.
  • the second isolation ball valve is referred to hereafter as the output ball valve 15.
  • the point at which the bore 16 opens into the chamber 6 is at an opposite end of the chamber 6 from the point at which the bore 10 opens into the chamber 6.
  • the output ball valve 15 is configured to allow operation by a ROV.
  • the output ball valve 15 is connected to the downstream pipe 8 (this connection is not shown in the figures).
  • a grab rail 17 extends around the hot stab connector 13 and the input ball valve 12.
  • the grab rail 16 is arranged to allow the ROV to secure itself to the valve 1, so that it can operate the hot stab connector 13 and input ball valve 12.
  • a grab rail is also provided at the output ball valve 15, and at the valve stem 4, although these are not shown in figures 1 and 2.
  • a ROV (not shown in the figures) is controlled to swim down to the valve.
  • the ROV removes the dummy receptacle 14 from the hot stab connector 13.
  • the dummy receptacle 14 is retained by the ROV.
  • the ROV then attaches a hot stab receptacle to the hot stab connector 13.
  • the hot stab receptacle is connected to a pressurised supply of MEG which is held within the ROV.
  • the input ball valve 12 is then opened and MEG is injected into the valve 1 via the bore 9.
  • the MEG is injected into the valve 1 at high pressure, typically between 3500 PSI and 5000 PSI.
  • the high pressure MEG breaks down hydrate formations which have accumulated in the valve 1.
  • valve 1 If the valve 1 is in the closed configuration (the configuration shown in figure 1), the MEG and dissolved hydrate will be held in the valve 1 at pressure.
  • the output ball valve 15 is then opened by the ROV, to allow the dissolved hydrate and the MEG to leave the valve 1.
  • the dissolved hydrate and MEG passes from the output ball valve 15 to the downstream pipe 8.
  • the output ball valve is then closed by the ROV.
  • valve 1 If the valve 1 is in the open configuration then the dissolved hydrate and MEG will flow from the valve 1 into the downstream pipe 8.
  • the hot stab receptacle is removed from the hot stab connector 13, and the dummy receptacle 14 is relocated in the hot stab connector 13.
  • the ROV then returns to the surface.
  • Suitable chemicals other than MEG may be used to melt the hydrate, for example methanol.
  • the methanol is of a higher purity than MEG, and is therefore more effective at breaking down hydrate formations.
  • the double piston configuration of the seating design of the valve is shown in figure 3.
  • the ball 2, housing 5 and upstream pipe 7 correspond to those shown in figures 1 and 2.
  • the valve seating comprises a first annulus 18 located against the ball 2, and a second annulus 19 located between the first annulus 18 and the upstream pipe 7.
  • a helical spring 20 is located behind the second annulus 19, and resiliently biases the second annulus 19 towards the ball 2.
  • the second annulus 19 is provided with a first seal 21 which acts between the first annulus 18 and the second annulus 19, and a second seal 22 which acts between the second annulus 19 and the upstream pipe 7.
  • the first annulus 18 is provided with a lip 23 arranged to form a seal against the ball 2.
  • the first and second annuluses 18, 19 will together be biased towards the ball 2 and the lip 23 of the first annulus 18 will form a seal against the ball 2.
  • the first and second annuluses are biased towards the ball 2 by the helical spring 20.
  • the pressure acts on a rear surface 24 of the second annulus.
  • the pressure also acts on the lip 23 of the first annulus. Since the area of the rear surface 24 is greater than the area of the lip 23, the resultant force pushes the first and second annuluses against the ball 2, thereby forming a seal against the ball.
  • the first seal 21 is energised by the pressure in the pipe 7, thereby forming a seal between the first annulus and the second annulus.
  • the second seal 22 is energised by the pressure in the pipe 7, thereby forming a seal against the pipe 7.
  • the first and second annuluses 18, 19 When the valve is in a closed configuration, the first and second annuluses 18, 19 will both be biased towards the ball 2 when the pressure in the pipe 7 exceeds the pressure in the valve cavity 6. However, when the pressure in the valve cavity 6 exceeds the pressure in the pipe 7 then the first annulus 18 will be biased towards the ball 2 but the second annulus 19 will be biased towards the pipe 7. This occurs because there is fluid communication between the valve cavity 6 and an interface area 25 between the first and second annuluses 18, 19. Pressure from the valve cavity 6 enters the interface area 25, pushes the second annulus 19 towards pipe 7, and pushes the first annulus 18 towards the ball 2. The seal 21 prevents pressure from the interface area 25 entering the pipe 7, irrespective of the relative locations of the first and second annuluses.
  • the effect of the first and second annuluses is to allow the pressure within the valve cavity 6 to rise above the pressure in the pipe 7 without pressure leaking from the valve cavity 6 to the pipe 7.
  • This is advantageous because it allows the injection of MEG (or methanol) into the valve cavity under pressure, irrespective of the pressure in the pipe 7.
  • MEG or methanol
  • the MEG (or methanol) is retained under pressure in the valve cavity 6 until it is released either by opening the output ball valve 15 (see figure 1) or opening the valve 1 itself.
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 corresponds in large part to figure 1, and equivalent features of the embodiment shown in figure 4 are labelled with equivalent reference numerals.
  • the second embodiment is configured to allow an operator to select whether MEG is injected directly into the bore 3 of the ball valve 1, or injected into the chamber 6.
  • a hot stab connector 13 and an input ball valve 12 are connected to a bore 9 in the housing 5.
  • the bore 9 does not branch into two bores, but instead turns downwards to open into the cavity 6.
  • a second isolation ball valve 27 (hereafter referred to as the second input ball valve 27) and a second hot stab connector 28 are provided at an opposite side of the housing 5.
  • the second input ball valve 27 is connected to a bore 29 which passes to the stem 4 of the valve 1.
  • the stem 4 is provided with a bore 30 opens into the bore 3 of the ball 2
  • the second embodiment of the invention is advantageous because it allows an operator to choose whether to inject MEG into the bore 3 at the centre of the ball 2 or to inject MEG into the chamber 6.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in figure 1 allows only the simultaneous injection of MEG into both these regions.
  • An operator may for example choose to inject a small amount of MEG at intervals into the chamber 6 via the bore 9 in order to inhibit hydrate formation, when the valve is in the open configuration.
  • the operator may choose to inject MEG into the chamber 6 via the bore 9 immediately after moving the valve to the closed configuration, thereby filling the chamber 6 with MEG and inhibiting hydrate formation over time. If a plug of hydrate has formed in the valve, the operator may choose to inject directly into the bore 3 at the centre of the ball 2, via the bore 29, 30.
  • the operator may choose to inject methanol rather than MEG, as this is likely to melt the hydrate plug more easily.
  • the second embodiment of the invention is operated using a ROV in the same way as the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the ROV may be configured to allow simultaneous injection of MEG via the first hot stab connector 13 and the second hot stab connector 28.
  • a bore may be provided which allows MEG to be injected at a midpoint of the chamber 6.
  • the apparatus which would allow this to be done is equivalent to that shown in figures 1 and 4, i.e. an isolation ball valve and a hot stab connector.
  • a suitable location for injection is indicated in figures 1 and 2 by dotted lines 31.
  • a tank of MEG held under pressure may be permanently connected to one or more input ball valves 12, 27. Where this is done means may be provided to allow remote operation of the input ball valves 12, 27 and the output ball valve 15 in the absence of a ROV.
  • the embodiments of the invention described above in addition to allowing the injection of MEG or other fluid into the valve 1, may be used to draw fluid out of the pipeline 7, 8. This may be done for example by connecting a pump (not shown) to the hot stab connector 13 (the pump may be carried by an ROV), then moving the valve 1 so to the open configuration and pumping fluid from the valve via the bore (11, 30).
  • the pipeline may be purged or vacuum dried in this way.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une vanne (1) comprenant une bille (2) disposée dans une chambre définie par un logement, la bille étant mobile entre une configuration d'ouverture dans laquelle un fluide s'écoule, via la vanne, d'un tuyau amont (7) vers un tuyau aval (8), et une configuration de fermeture empêchant le fluide de traverser la vanne, cette vanne comportant des moyens (9, 10) permettant sélectivement d'y distribuer un fluide de dissolution d'hydrate.
PCT/GB2003/002224 2002-06-18 2003-05-23 Vanne WO2003106887A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003232345A AU2003232345A1 (en) 2002-06-18 2003-05-23 Valve

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0213954A GB0213954D0 (en) 2002-06-18 2002-06-18 Valve
GB0213954.1 2002-06-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003106887A1 true WO2003106887A1 (fr) 2003-12-24

Family

ID=9938778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2003/002224 WO2003106887A1 (fr) 2002-06-18 2003-05-23 Vanne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2003232345A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0213954D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003106887A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170074420A1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Cameron International Corporation Sensor Assembly for Monitoring a Fluid Extraction Component

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US870487A (en) * 1906-11-14 1907-11-05 Lawrence A Bertram Blow-off valve.
US4505865A (en) * 1983-02-10 1985-03-19 Holter Regelarmaturen Gmbh & Co. Kg Steam-pressure reduction valve
JPS61256069A (ja) * 1985-05-10 1986-11-13 Gadelius Kk 注入混合用ボ−ル弁
EP0489678A1 (fr) * 1990-12-05 1992-06-10 Scanio Flow-Equipment A/S Equipement de nettoyage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US870487A (en) * 1906-11-14 1907-11-05 Lawrence A Bertram Blow-off valve.
US4505865A (en) * 1983-02-10 1985-03-19 Holter Regelarmaturen Gmbh & Co. Kg Steam-pressure reduction valve
JPS61256069A (ja) * 1985-05-10 1986-11-13 Gadelius Kk 注入混合用ボ−ル弁
EP0489678A1 (fr) * 1990-12-05 1992-06-10 Scanio Flow-Equipment A/S Equipement de nettoyage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 111 (M - 578) 8 April 1987 (1987-04-08) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170074420A1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Cameron International Corporation Sensor Assembly for Monitoring a Fluid Extraction Component
US9732879B2 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-08-15 Cameron International Corporation Sensor assembly for monitoring a fluid extraction component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0213954D0 (en) 2002-07-31
AU2003232345A1 (en) 2003-12-31

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