WO2003105380A1 - Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system - Google Patents
Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003105380A1 WO2003105380A1 PCT/US2003/016714 US0316714W WO03105380A1 WO 2003105380 A1 WO2003105380 A1 WO 2003105380A1 US 0316714 W US0316714 W US 0316714W WO 03105380 A1 WO03105380 A1 WO 03105380A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wlan
- interface
- sgsn
- plmn
- recited
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- WLAN AS A LOGICAL SUPPORT NODE (SGSN)
- the present invention generally relates to network communications and, more particularly, to a method and system for interworking wireless local area networks (WLAN) with the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) network by making an Interworking Function in the WLAN appear to the UMTS network as a Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) Support Node (SGSN).
- WLAN wireless local area networks
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
- GPRS General Packet Radio Services
- Universal Mobile Telecommunications System currently includes up to a 'third generation' (3G) mobile communications system developed within a framework known as IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications- 2000).
- 3G Third Generation'
- IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications- 2000
- UMTS will play a key role in creating the mass market for high-quality wireless multimedia communications.
- UMTS will enable many wireless capabilities, delivering high-value broadband information, commerce and entertainment services to mobile users via fixed, wireless and satellite networks.
- UMTS will speed convergence between telecommunications, information technology, media and content industries to deliver new services and create revenue-generating services.
- UMTS Compared to its 2G or 2.5G wireless cellular counterpart, UMTS will deliver low-cost, high-capacity mobile communications with data rates on the order of 2Mbit/sec under stationary conditions with global roaming and other advanced capabilities.
- UMTS Ultra Mobile communications
- WLANs Wireless Local Area Networks
- WLANS Wireless Local Area Networks
- Interworking may be provided between a WLAN hotspot and a radio access network such as UMTS to allow a user to utilize either the WLAN or the radio access technology, or both, depending on the location of the user.
- the interworking between the WLAN and the radio access technology may provide the user with roaming capability as the user moves between, and through, the coverage areas of the WLAN and the radio access technology in order to efficiently use the capabilities of the access networks.
- IWF interworking function
- SGSN General Packet Radio Services
- An interface for connecting networks includes an interworking function provided between a wireless local area network (WLAN) and a Public Mobile Land Network (PLMN) to provide communication interactions between the PLMN and the WLAN.
- the interworking function includes a dual-protocol stack, which interfaces the WLAN protocols and PLMN protocols to provide seamless communications between the WLAN and the PLMN such that an increase in available service bandwidth provided for users of the PLMN is maintained.
- a method for interfacing two wireless networks includes connecting a wireless local area network (WLAN) to a Universal Mode Telecommunications System (UMTS) network through an intra-PLMN (Public Mobile Land Network) interface.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- UMTS Universal Mode Telecommunications System
- intra-PLMN Public Mobile Land Network
- the WLAN is interfaced to the UMTS network by providing an interface towards the UMTS and the WLAN and using an interworking function such that communications received from the WLAN appear to be from another Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) Support Node (SGSN) and communications sent to the WLAN appear to be from within the WLAN.
- GPRS General Packet Radio Services
- SGSN General Packet Radio Services Support Node
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture having a WLAN interfaced to a UMTS PLMN in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a user protocol stack diagram showing an interworking function interface, which creates protocol compatibility between a WLAN mobile station and a UMTS SGSN in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a control protocol stack diagram showing an interworking function interface which creates protocol compatibility between a WLAN mobile station and a UMTS SGSN in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is an illustrative diagram showing a routing area change between a WLAN and a UMTS PLMN in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a method and system for utilizing available bandwidth in wireless/radio networks.
- An architecture is provided where the wireless local area network (WLAN) coverage area interacts with a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) network as another Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) Support Node (SGSN) through an intra-PLMN (Public Mobile Land Network) backbone.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- UMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
- SGSN General Packet Radio Services
- intra-PLMN Public Mobile Land Network
- a number of architectures are provided to interwork between the WLAN coverage area and other radio access technologies (RATs), such as UMTS.
- RATs radio access technologies
- a novel approach is presented to assist in using any existing WLAN coverage area to complement UMTS networks by defining the WLAN's interworking function (IWF) as another SGSN.
- IWF interworking function
- One advantage includes that QoS (quality of service) negotiation, mobility, and AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) procedures of the 3G network are re-used.
- the present invention can work with any system (e.g., General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/code division multiple access (CDMA) 2000) that needs to interwork with WLANs.
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- CDMA code division multiple access
- the present invention is described in terms of an illustrative WLAN-UMTS system architecture; however, the present invention is much broader and may include any wireless/radio network system(s), which are capable of providing telecommunication services.
- the elements shown in the FIGS may be implemented in various forms of hardware, software or combinations thereof. Preferably, these elements are implemented in hardware on one or more appropriately programmed general-purpose devices, which may include a processor, memory and input/output interfaces.
- FIG. 1 a system architecture 10 for integrating voice, data, video and other services over wireless/radio networks is shown.
- System architecture 10 is presented as an exemplary WLAN-UMTS environment for employing the inventive method and system in accordance with the present invention. Details of the individual block components making up the system architecture which are known to skilled artisans will only be described in details sufficient for an understanding of the present invention.
- the present invention is illustratively described in terms of a UMTS network 12 and a WLAN wireless network 14 (e.g., IEEE 802.1 1 (a, b, e, g) and HIPERLAN2 standards may be employed by these networks).
- UMTS mobile network 12 e.g., a third generation (3G) network
- RAN radio access network
- RNC Radio Network Controller
- WLAN (14) is preferably connected to UMTS network (12) through an intra-PLMN (Public Mobile
- the RAN 8 in turn is attached to a Core Network (CN) 13 which comprises packet based services such as a SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) 28, circuit based services, such as a MSC (Mobile Switching Center) 21 and gateways to other PLMNs, such as GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Nodes) 24.
- Core network 13 supports connections/interfaces with public switched telephone networks (PSTN) 5 and the Internet 7.
- PSTN public switched telephone networks
- Other components may be included in a core network 13.
- a home location register 50 may be provided which stores the home locations of mobile stations (MS) 40.
- network 12 e.g., a PLMN
- Gn or Gp
- MS 40 connects at an access point 30, and MS 40 is seamlessly switched between WLAN 14 and UMTS 12 in accordance with the present invention when MS 40 roams between the radio access networks.
- WLAN interworking function (IWF) 25 bypasses the RNC 9 and connects to SGSN 28 (assuming packet switched (PS) services).
- the GGSN 24 takes care of the mobility for packet data, but the IWF 25 will need to communicate with the SGSN 28 to provide the mobility for the handoff between the two physical layer interfaces of network 12 and 14. This can be achieved by implementing the Gn interface between the IWF 25 and the SGSN 28 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the 3G SGSN 28 then sees the IWF 25 as a logical SGSN or pseudo-SGSN.
- the SGSN-GGSN portion may become a bottleneck in handling high data rate WLAN hotspots.
- another option may be that a GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP) tunnel 31 between GGSN 24 and IWF 25 is used only for downlink traffic coming from the GGSN 24 for user equipment (UE) at MS 40.
- GTP GPRS tunneling protocol
- the WLAN 14 provides a common Internet access to the UE. This reduces the traffic through the SGSN-GGSN.
- the WLAN 14 includes a plurality of access points 30 which are provided to permit wireless user equipment (UE) or mobile stations (MS) to access and use the WLAN.
- the IWF 25 interacts with the UMTS network 12 over the Gn interface as another 'logical' SGSN in a similar fashion as when UMTS SGSNs communicate via the Gn interface.
- the UMTS network 12 interfaces through IWF 25 in a WLAN environment as though the IWF 25 were an SGSN.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 a user plane stack and a control plane stack for a dual protocol stack for architecture 10 of FIG. 1 are illustratively shown.
- a logical SGSN or pseudo-SGSN is provided by IWF 25 to act as an interface.
- a mobile station (MS) 40 associated with a WLAN may interface with a SGSN 28 associated with a 3G UMTS PLMN 12 in accordance with the present invention.
- MS mobile station
- FIG. 2 illustrates user (data) plane stack protocol
- FIG. 3 illustrates control signaling stack protocol.
- the user plane stack of MS 40 in FIG. 2 has a dual stack (WLAN and UMTS) which includes an Applications layer, a transmission control protocol/ user datagram protocol (TCP/UDP) layer, an Internet protocol layer (IP), a WLAN medium access control/logical link control (MAC/LLC) layer and the WLAN physical layer; the UMTS part also includes the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio link control (RLC) and MAC layers, and a WCDMA physical layer (PHY) .
- the IWF 25 transfers any data/information received from the mobile over the WLAN interface to the UMTS network over an interface compatible with an SGSN of a 3G UMTS system.
- the data received over WLAN MAC/LLC is transferred to the UMTS SGSN 28 by IWF 25 over a gateway tunneling protocol for the user plane (GTP-U), UDP and an IP. Similar conversion is performed in the control plane.
- GTP-U gateway tunneling protocol for the user plane
- UDP User Plane
- IP IP
- SM session management layer
- GMM GPRS mobile management layer
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- RLC/MAC Radio Resource Control
- RLC/MAC Radio Resource Control
- WLAN WLAN MAC/LLC layer
- WLAN PHY WLAN PHY layer
- the adaptation layer (AL) in the MS 40 mimics the interface functions that correspond to the RRC service. This is necessary to reuse the session management (SM) and GPRS mobility management (GMM) layers of the 3G mobile stack even in WLAN.
- the IWF adaptation layer (AL) might play the role of a light RRC and transfer any control signaling information (SM/GMM messages) from the
- MS 40 received over the WLAN MAC/LLC layers to SGSN 28 over a protocol compatible with an SGSN of a 3G UMTS system and vice versa.
- IWF 25 transfers SM/MM signaling over the Gn interface to the 3G SGSN, and may be employed as though stack were native to the 3G network.
- the present invention provides at least the following advantages.
- QoS quality of service
- the present invention can work with any system (GPRS/CDMA 2000) that can interwork with WLANs.
- deployed WLANs in accordance with the present invention, provide needed bandwidth to maintain QoS for all users.
- WLAN radio resources may be used in the WLAN PLMN to free up radio resources of the 3G RAT that a user is moving out of.
- Communication between the UMTS network and WLAN of the present invention is seamless by employing an IWF to create compatible protocols and information exchange.
- FIG. 4 a diagram showing interactions between entities in a routing area change scenario are illustratively shown in accordance with one example embodiment of the present invention.
- the diagram shows a mobile station (MS) 40, a UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) 42, a new IWF-SGSN 44 (created to employ the resources of a WLAN), an old 3G-SGSN 46, a GGSN 24, a new mobile switching center/visitor location register (MSC/VLR) 48, a home location register (HLR) 50 and an old MSC/VLR 52.
- MS is moving into a high traffic area (hot spot) where a UMTS network's resources are heavily loaded.
- the system employs the WLAN (IWF) to more efficiently use the resources of the UMTS network by supplementing its capabilities with the WLAN.
- the IWF is referred to as IWF 25 (FIG. 1 ), and the IWF-SGSN 44 (FIG. 4) is employed to indicate the system's interface location. These terms are synonymous and may be readily interchanged.
- PMM Packet Mobility Management
- SRNS Serving Radio
- WLAN procedures may be employed here. Additional security procedures may be provided in step 107 to authenticate the new IWF-SGSN 44. These security measures are optional since authentication of the old SGSN 46 may preclude the need to re-authenticate the new IWF-SGSN 44.
- a context acknowledgement is sent from IWF-SGSN 44 to SGSN 46.
- IWF-SGSN 44 sends an update packet data protocol (PDP) context request to GGSN 24, which updates its PDP context fields and responds with an update PDP context response in step 110.
- PDP packet data protocol
- the new SGSN (IWF) 44 may not implement a Gr interface (an interface between an HLR and an SGSN) with HLR 50 and so (to reduce the complexity of the IWF), in this case, steps 111-126 and 129 may be skipped.
- a location update accept is sent to IWF SGSN 44 from the new VLR/MSC 48.
- the routing area change is updated, accepted in step 127 and completed in step 128.
- PTMSI Packet Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
- the new SGSN informs the HLR of the change of SGSN by sending Update Location (SGSN Number, SGSN Address, and International Mobile Subscriber Identification (IMSI)) to the HLR.
- Update Location SGSN Number, SGSN Address, and International Mobile Subscriber Identification (IMSI)
- IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identification
- IP based Diameter authentication from a HSS may be implemented between an IWF 25 and HLR 50 in the future and standard procedures for inter-SGSN relocation can transpire.
- the SGSN is the UMTS SGSN while the old SGSN are the IWF.
- 3G security procedures are preferably implemented to re-validate the UE when it goes back to the UMTS network. Since going into the WLAN, the IWF may not have updated the HLR and the
- the SGSN it triggers the MSC/VLR, the GGSNs, and the HLR information in the UMTS SGSN to be updated/validated.
- Case 1 The IWF 25 may employ a Gr interface with the HLR 50 in which case all the steps in FIG. 4 may be followed.
- Case 2 Since while going into the WLAN, the IWF 25 had not updated the HLR 50 and the UMTS SGSN 46 marked in its context that the MSC/VLR 52 association and the information in the GGSNs 24 and the HLR 50 as invalid, when the MS 40 initiates a routing area update procedure back to the UMTS SGSN 46, it triggers the MSC/VLR 52, the GGSNs 24, and the HLR 50 information in the UMTS SGSN 46 to be updated/validated.
- IP based Diameter authentication from the HSS may be implemented between an IWF and HLR in the future and standard procedures for inter-SGSN relocation can transpire.
- PMM-CONNECTED state entails the sending of a Relocation Command message to the source SRNC by the old SGSN 46 followed by a Forward SRNS Context (RAB Contexts) message to the new SGSN (IWF) 44 via the old SGSN 46, which is again a validation of the UE 40 by the UMTS SGSN 46.
- RAB Contexts Forward SRNS Context
- WLAN security procedures should be implemented so that the MS 40 sends ciphered P-TMSI, old RAI, old P-TMSI Signature, and other parameters to the
- the IWF (new SGSN) 44, which can then send them to the old 3G SGSN 46.
- the IWF has interfaces towards both WLAN and UMTS networks. It listens to the mobile's data and signaling on the WLAN interface (if co-located with Access Point) and forwards the relevant signaling (SM/GMM related) and data to the 3G SGSN over the Gn interface.
- SM/GMM relevant signaling
- the IWF would need only the Gn interface towards the 3G SGSN/GGSN.
- Other SGSN interfaces such as Gr etc. need not be implemented in the IWF making it simple.
- the Gn interface helps the IWF to do session management, mobility management and AAA functions by reusing the 3G procedures.
- the mobile's adaptation layer sends the SM/GMM signaling over the WLAN interface to the IWF adaptation layer which then sends out the SM/GMM messages to the 3G SGSN/GGSN over the Gn interface.
- the present invention preferably maintains mobility and AAA procedures of the 3G network.
- the service provider needs only one point of attachment to serve the 3G network as well as the connected WLANs helping the provider retain tight control over the customer base in the WLAN as well.
- the simple IP-based Gn interface of the SGSN may be implemented in the IWF towards the SGSN making the present invention scalable.
- the other complex SGSN interfaces such as Gr (towards HLR) etc. can be skipped.
- the PDP addresses are still allocated by the same GGSN while the terminal (MS) is in the WLAN making MM easier.
- the data is encapsulated using GTP-U from GGSN to SGSN and then again from SGSN to RNC requiring more processing time.
- the present invention also has the advantage that the dual GTP encapsulation as in the UMTS network (GGSN-SGSN and then SGSN-RNC) is avoided since only the GGSN-IWF encapsulation part is done in the WLAN coverage area as the data is forwarded from the GGSN directly to the IWF and vice versa as shown in FIG. 1).
- WLAN wireless local area network
- SGSN logical serving GPRS (general packet radio service) support node
- UMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MXPA04012155A MXPA04012155A (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system. |
US10/517,466 US7675881B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Interfacing a WLAN with a mobile communications system |
BR0305028-9A BR0305028A (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a software node (sgsn) for interoperation between wlan and a mobile communication system |
EP03729168A EP1522161B1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system |
AU2003234667A AU2003234667A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system |
JP2004512323A JP2005529540A (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wireless LAN as a logical serving GPRS support node (SGSN) for interconnection between wireless LAN and mobile communication system |
DE60330670T DE60330670D1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | WLAN AS LOGICAL SUPPORT KNOWN TO NETWORK CONNECTION BETWEEN WIFI AND A MOBILE MESSAGE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM |
KR1020047019704A KR100948222B1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a logical support nodesgsn for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US38631902P | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | |
US60/386,319 | 2002-06-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003105380A1 true WO2003105380A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
Family
ID=29736150
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/016714 WO2003105380A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-28 | Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7675881B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1522161B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2005529540A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100948222B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1659814A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003234667A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0305028A (en) |
DE (1) | DE60330670D1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA04012155A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003105380A1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2423887A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-06 | Motorola Inc | Wireless Communication System and Apparatus and Methods and Protocols for use therein. |
WO2006120037A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Alcatel Lucent | Improved core network interface for packet domain for uma unc applications |
JP2007060181A (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-08 | Nec Corp | Mobile communication system, exchange station server, mobile terminal, and handover method employed for them |
CN1306762C (en) * | 2004-01-18 | 2007-03-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method of keeping IP address of CDMA2000 incorporated WLAN user on cross-network switchover |
FR2893212A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-11 | Alcatel Sa | Local wireless network and mobile network interworking managing method for e.g. mobile station, involves allowing communication session to use one end to end tunnel between mobile station and gateway |
EP1834446A2 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2007-09-19 | Azaire Networks Inc. | Maintaining consistent network connections while moving through wireless networks |
WO2007126351A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Dynamic building of monitored set |
US7299046B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2007-11-20 | Alcatel Lucent | Apparatus, and associated method, for facilitating dormant-mode operation of a mobile mode in a radio communication system |
EP1911178A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2008-04-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Handover method and apparatus between different systems |
JP2009503941A (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2009-01-29 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド | Inter-system handover using legacy interface |
US7768983B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2010-08-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Radio network controller selection for IP-connected radio base station |
US7808951B2 (en) | 2006-07-05 | 2010-10-05 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method and apparatus for handover of wireless communication between networks |
US7933245B2 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2011-04-26 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Media independent handover for mobility |
CN102056259A (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2011-05-11 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and system for handover between different systems |
US8094821B2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2012-01-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Key generation in a communication system |
US8630414B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2014-01-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Inter-working function for a communication system |
Families Citing this family (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7308263B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2007-12-11 | Kineto Wireless, Inc. | Apparatus for supporting the handover of a telecommunication session between a licensed wireless system and an unlicensed wireless system |
US7920554B2 (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2011-04-05 | Intel Corporation | Supporting both packet and circuit-based wireless networks |
US7155526B2 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2006-12-26 | Azaire Networks, Inc. | Method and system for transparently and securely interconnecting a WLAN radio access network into a GPRS/GSM core network |
US20040017786A1 (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-01-29 | Shively David Grant | System and method for providing dual mode communication to a wireless device |
BR0305740A (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-09-28 | Thomson Licensing Sa | Interoperable Array User Identity Protection for Universal Wireless LAN Mobile Phone System |
CN1499760A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-26 | ��������ͨ�ż����о�����˾ | Method for supporting services in multimedia broadcast and multicast by carrying connection through signaling in Lu interface |
US6987985B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2006-01-17 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Wireless communication components and methods for multiple system communications |
US20050025164A1 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-02-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Seamless hand-off of mobile node to a wireless local area network (WLAN) |
WO2005032155A2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-04-07 | Tekelec | Methods and systems for providing wireless local area network-base transceiver station (wlan-bts) gateway |
TWI249360B (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2006-02-11 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Method and system for facilitating inter-system handover |
US7046647B2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2006-05-16 | Toshiba America Research, Inc. | Mobility architecture using pre-authentication, pre-configuration and/or virtual soft-handoff |
US8824430B2 (en) * | 2004-01-31 | 2014-09-02 | Athonet Srl | Wireless mobility gateway |
US20050190778A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-01 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Multi-system mesh network |
GB2411494B (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2006-04-12 | Toshiba Res Europ Ltd | Protocol stack with modification facility |
US7924785B2 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2011-04-12 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and system for switching a radio access technology between wireless communication systems with a multi-mode wireless transmit/receive unit |
EP1779625B1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2018-10-17 | CommScope Technologies LLC | A local network node |
EP1782551B1 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2016-10-05 | CommScope Technologies LLC | Power control in a local network node (lnn) |
WO2006010957A2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Andrew Richardson | Signal transmission method from a local network node |
US7526320B2 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2009-04-28 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and system for providing communication between a mobile switching center and a mobile station operating in a data mode using an IP-based network interface |
US8233450B2 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2012-07-31 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Wireless communication methods and components for facilitating multiple network type compatibility |
EP1638261A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Configuring connection parameters in a handover between access networks |
US7738871B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2010-06-15 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Wireless communication method and system for implementing media independent handover between technologically diversified access networks |
US20060098598A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-11 | Michael Gallagher | Seamless transitions of active calls between enterprise telecommunications networks and licensed public telecommunications networks |
US7551585B2 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2009-06-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Seamless handoff for multimedia services |
US20060217147A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-09-28 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and system for system discovery and user selection |
US20060159047A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-20 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and system for context transfer across heterogeneous networks |
US8219091B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2012-07-10 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Wireless communication method and system for conveying media independent handover capability information |
US7746825B2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2010-06-29 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and system for integrating media independent handovers |
US8279868B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2012-10-02 | Pine Valley Investments, Inc. | System providing land mobile radio content using a cellular data network |
US8145262B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2012-03-27 | Pine Valley Investments, Inc. | Multimode land mobile radio |
KR101268578B1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2013-05-28 | 한국전자통신연구원 | An Apparatus and a Method for Service Continuity between UMTS network and WLAN network |
KR101268579B1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2013-05-28 | 한국전자통신연구원 | An Apparatus and a Method for Service Continuity between UMTS network and WLAN |
ES2331141T3 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2009-12-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | A NETWORK ARCHITECTURE AND A METHOD RELATED TO USER STATION ACCESS. |
CN1770802B (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2010-07-14 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Method and system for obtaining same function service via non-correlative access network |
FR2898232B1 (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2008-11-14 | Alcatel Sa | INTERWORKING MANAGEMENT METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING SERVICE SESSIONS FROM A MOBILE NETWORK TO A WIRELESS LOCAL NETWORK AND THE CORRESPONDING TTG GATEWAY |
US8194682B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2012-06-05 | Pine Valley Investments, Inc. | Multiple protocol land mobile radio system |
EP2060130A4 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2010-03-10 | Kineto Wireless Inc | Method and apparatus to enable hand-in for femtocells |
US8060088B2 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2011-11-15 | Nokia Corporation | Method, network element and communication system for optimized selection of an agent entity as well as modules of the network element |
GB2443889A (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-21 | Skype Ltd | Method and system for anonymous communication |
GB0623621D0 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-01-03 | Skype Ltd | Communication system |
GB0623622D0 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-01-03 | Skype Ltd | Communication system |
US20080214189A1 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Pouya Taaghol | Mobility protocol switching for wireless networks |
JP4613926B2 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2011-01-19 | 日本電気株式会社 | Handover method and communication system between mobile communication network and public network |
WO2008154236A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing capability and core network information to support interworking between 3gpp and non-3gpp networks |
US8331294B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2012-12-11 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for managing information among personalized and shared resources with a personalized portable device |
JP4970176B2 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Connection destination determination method, switching device, mobile communication control device, mobile communication system |
US20110280217A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2011-11-17 | Nicolas Drevon | Support of cs domain services over a packet only mobile system |
US8406168B2 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2013-03-26 | Harris Corporation | Asymmetric broadband data radio network |
WO2010112037A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ). | Redistribution of terminals |
WO2012065303A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Methods, apparatuses and systems for accessing multi-operator core network |
JP5743821B2 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2015-07-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, DATABASE DEVICE, SERVICE CONTROL DEVICE, FEMTO CELL BASE STATION, COMMUNICATION METHOD AND DEVICE PROGRAM |
JP5867955B2 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2016-02-24 | 日本電気株式会社 | COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SERVICE CONTROL DEVICE, FEMTO CELL BASE STATION, COMMUNICATION METHOD AND DEVICE PROGRAM |
WO2013091163A1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for controlling delivery of packet data protocol context |
WO2014011094A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Network-controlled ue switching between different types of radio networks |
WO2014166115A1 (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Mobile communications method, device and system |
US9596707B2 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2017-03-14 | Intel Corporation | Bearer mobility and splitting in a radio access network-based, 3rd generation partnership project network having an integrated wireless local area network |
US11706607B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2023-07-18 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Location based routing that bypasses circuit-based networks |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998053576A2 (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-11-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Method related to gprs (general packet radio service) system providing packet switched connections |
EP1146691A1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-17 | Siemens Information and Communication Networks S.p.A. | Connecting radio cells to a radio network controller through copper twisted pairs by using the DMT technology |
US20020110104A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ). | Hybrid media gateway control function providing circuit-switched access to a packet-switched radio telecommunications network |
US6542516B1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2003-04-01 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Adaptation layer for realizing protocol adaptations in a digital wireless data transmission system |
US20030119481A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-06-26 | Henry Haverinen | Roaming arrangement |
US20030139180A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-24 | Mcintosh Chris P. | Private cellular network with a public network interface and a wireless local area network extension |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8411943D0 (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-06-13 | Fether K B | Bracket and post assembly |
FI103083B (en) * | 1997-01-20 | 1999-04-15 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Packet radio networks and the procedure for updating the routing area |
US6185436B1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2001-02-06 | Siemens Information And Communication Networks, Inc. | Wireless communication system |
US6819937B2 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2004-11-16 | Nokia Corporation | Data transmission in a TDMA system |
US6275706B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2001-08-14 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson | Mobile telecommunications network and method for implementing and identifying hierarchical overlapping radio coverage areas |
US7778641B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2010-08-17 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Inter-system handover—generic handover mechanism |
EP1051050A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2000-11-08 | TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (publ) | Apparatus for determining a paging base station sub-system associated with a subscriber and method for automatically configurating the apparatus |
FI108769B (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2002-03-15 | Nokia Corp | Connecting an access point in a wireless communication system |
GB0011913D0 (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2000-07-05 | Nokia Networks Oy | Connections in a communication system |
JP2002026994A (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2002-01-25 | Nec Corp | Wireless network system |
US7099339B1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2006-08-29 | Nokia Corporation | Apparatus, and associated method, for integrating operation of packet radio communication systems |
GB0019534D0 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2000-09-27 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Radio communication system |
SE0004178D0 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2000-11-14 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Network requested packet data protocol context activation |
GB0027985D0 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2001-01-03 | Nokia Networks Oy | A communication system |
US6535815B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-03-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson | Position updating method for a mobile terminal equipped with a positioning receiver |
FI111775B (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-09-15 | Nokia Corp | Providing a telecommunications service on a multi-network wireless communications system |
US20020136226A1 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-09-26 | Bluesocket, Inc. | Methods and systems for enabling seamless roaming of mobile devices among wireless networks |
DE10120772A1 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-11-07 | Siemens Ag | Heterogeneous mobile radio system |
WO2002093811A2 (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-21 | Adjungo Networks Ltd. | Access to plmn networks for non-plmn devices |
AU2002334798A1 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2003-04-14 | Cyneta Networks, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for seamless interaction between wireless local area network and wireless packet data network |
US7408906B2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2008-08-05 | Ericsson Inc. | Mobile data communications apparatus, methods and computer program products implementing cellular wireless data communications via a wireless local area network |
US6950662B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-09-27 | Intel Corporation | Wireless communication device and method for automatic time updates in personal information management applications |
-
2003
- 2003-05-28 US US10/517,466 patent/US7675881B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-28 MX MXPA04012155A patent/MXPA04012155A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-28 KR KR1020047019704A patent/KR100948222B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-28 JP JP2004512323A patent/JP2005529540A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-28 EP EP03729168A patent/EP1522161B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-28 WO PCT/US2003/016714 patent/WO2003105380A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-05-28 CN CN038130424A patent/CN1659814A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-28 DE DE60330670T patent/DE60330670D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-28 AU AU2003234667A patent/AU2003234667A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-28 BR BR0305028-9A patent/BR0305028A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-06-16 JP JP2010137178A patent/JP2010213357A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998053576A2 (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-11-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Method related to gprs (general packet radio service) system providing packet switched connections |
US6542516B1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2003-04-01 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Adaptation layer for realizing protocol adaptations in a digital wireless data transmission system |
EP1146691A1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-17 | Siemens Information and Communication Networks S.p.A. | Connecting radio cells to a radio network controller through copper twisted pairs by using the DMT technology |
US20020110104A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ). | Hybrid media gateway control function providing circuit-switched access to a packet-switched radio telecommunications network |
US20030119481A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-06-26 | Henry Haverinen | Roaming arrangement |
US20030139180A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-24 | Mcintosh Chris P. | Private cellular network with a public network interface and a wireless local area network extension |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1522161A4 * |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8630414B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2014-01-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Inter-working function for a communication system |
US7299046B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2007-11-20 | Alcatel Lucent | Apparatus, and associated method, for facilitating dormant-mode operation of a mobile mode in a radio communication system |
CN1306762C (en) * | 2004-01-18 | 2007-03-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method of keeping IP address of CDMA2000 incorporated WLAN user on cross-network switchover |
US7933245B2 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2011-04-26 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Media independent handover for mobility |
US8094821B2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2012-01-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Key generation in a communication system |
EP1834446A4 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2008-05-21 | Azaire Networks Inc | Maintaining consistent network connections while moving through wireless networks |
EP1834446A2 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2007-09-19 | Azaire Networks Inc. | Maintaining consistent network connections while moving through wireless networks |
GB2423887B (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2007-05-30 | Motorola Inc | Wireless communication systems and apparatus and methods and protocols for use therein |
GB2423887A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-06 | Motorola Inc | Wireless Communication System and Apparatus and Methods and Protocols for use therein. |
WO2006120037A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Alcatel Lucent | Improved core network interface for packet domain for uma unc applications |
US9307576B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2016-04-05 | Alcatel Lucent | Core network interface for packet domain for UMA UNC applications |
EP1911178A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2008-04-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Handover method and apparatus between different systems |
EP1911178A4 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2012-08-29 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Handover method and apparatus between different systems |
CN102056259B (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2014-01-22 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and system for handover between different systems |
CN102056259A (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2011-05-11 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and system for handover between different systems |
JP2009503941A (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2009-01-29 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド | Inter-system handover using legacy interface |
US8553643B2 (en) | 2005-07-19 | 2013-10-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Inter-system handover using legacy interface |
JP4902651B2 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2012-03-21 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド | Inter-system handover using legacy interface |
JP4654834B2 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2011-03-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | Mobile communication system, switching center server, mobile terminal apparatus, and handover method used therefor |
JP2007060181A (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-08 | Nec Corp | Mobile communication system, exchange station server, mobile terminal, and handover method employed for them |
US8107964B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2012-01-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Automatic building of neighbor lists in mobile system |
US7817997B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2010-10-19 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Redirection of IP-connected radio base station to correct control node |
US7768983B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2010-08-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Radio network controller selection for IP-connected radio base station |
EP1863306A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-12-05 | Alcatel Lucent | Method for managing an interworking function between at least a wireless local area network and a cellular network, corresponding mobile station, SGSN node, and TTG gateway. |
FR2893212A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-11 | Alcatel Sa | Local wireless network and mobile network interworking managing method for e.g. mobile station, involves allowing communication session to use one end to end tunnel between mobile station and gateway |
US7613444B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2009-11-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Dynamic building of monitored set |
WO2007126351A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Dynamic building of monitored set |
US7808951B2 (en) | 2006-07-05 | 2010-10-05 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method and apparatus for handover of wireless communication between networks |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60330670D1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
AU2003234667A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
JP2010213357A (en) | 2010-09-24 |
US7675881B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 |
EP1522161B1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
EP1522161A1 (en) | 2005-04-13 |
US20050157673A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
EP1522161A4 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
KR20050004908A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
JP2005529540A (en) | 2005-09-29 |
CN1659814A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
KR100948222B1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
MXPA04012155A (en) | 2005-04-19 |
BR0305028A (en) | 2004-11-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1522161B1 (en) | Wlan as a logical support node (sgsn) for interworking between the wlan and a mobile communications system | |
KR100970955B1 (en) | Wireless local area networkwlan and method for communicating with selected public land mobile networkplmn | |
US8073446B2 (en) | Radio network controller, wireless access gateway, radio communication system, and communication method for radio communication system | |
US7042855B1 (en) | Method for routing data in a communication system | |
JP5368215B2 (en) | Mobile terminal | |
US8315227B2 (en) | GTP for integration of multiple access | |
US8989149B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for removing path management | |
FI108983B (en) | Lapsed by a mobility agent in an access network | |
US20050025164A1 (en) | Seamless hand-off of mobile node to a wireless local area network (WLAN) | |
EP2334127A2 (en) | Method and apparatuses for registration and paging of a telecommunication device | |
US20060182061A1 (en) | Interworking between wireless WAN and other networks | |
EP1424810B1 (en) | A communication system and method of authentication therefore | |
EP1076977B1 (en) | A (gsm-gprs) network with internet protocol combined functionality |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 3787/DELNP/2004 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020047019704 Country of ref document: KR Ref document number: 2004512323 Country of ref document: JP Ref document number: PA/a/2004/012155 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10517466 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 20038130424 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003729168 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020047019704 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2003729168 Country of ref document: EP |