Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
  • A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
  • A61L29/10—Inorganic materials
  • A61L29/106—Inorganic materials other than carbon
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
  • A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
  • A61L29/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
  • A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
  • A61M25/005—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with embedded materials for reinforcement, e.g. wires, coils, braids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
  • A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
  • A61M25/0045—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features multi-layered, e.g. coated
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
  • A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
  • A61M25/005—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with embedded materials for reinforcement, e.g. wires, coils, braids
  • A61M25/0053—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with embedded materials for reinforcement, e.g. wires, coils, braids having a variable stiffness along the longitudinal axis, e.g. by varying the pitch of the coil or braid

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to catheter shafts. More specifically, the present invention relates to reinforced catheter shafts for intravascular devices such as guide catheters, diagnostic catheters, balloon catheters, and the like.
• Diagnostic catheters and guide catheters are commonly used to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease.
• Such catheters commonly include a braid reinforcement layer disposed between an inner layer and an outer layer.
• the braid reinforcement provides torsional rigidity, column strength, kink resistance, as well as radiopacity.
• conventional braid reinforcement materials such as stainless steel are not MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) compatible due to ferro-magnetic properties. Because different visualization techniques may be employed to facilitate intravascular navigation, it is desirable to have a catheter shaft that is both radiopaque for x-ray visualization and non-magnetically responsive for MRI compatibility.
• an intravascular catheter comprising a reinforced shaft that is entirely non- magnetically responsive and at least partially radiopaque.
• the present invention provides an elongate catheter shaft that is entirely non-magnetically responsive and at least partially radiopaque, wherein the shaft includes an inner layer, an outer layer, a reinforcement layer disposed between the inner and outer layers, and a soft distal tip.
• the reinforcement layer may comprise a braid of non-magnetically responsive radiopaque metal wires
• the outer layer may comprise a non-radiopaque flexible polymer
• the inner layer may comprise a non- radiopaque lubricious polymer
• the soft distal tip may comprise a polymer loaded with a radiopaque non-magnetically responsive filler.
• the inner layer, the outer layer and the reinforcement layer may extend from the proximal end of the shaft to the proximal end of the distal tip, leaving the tip flexible and atraumatic.
• Figure 1 is a plan view of an intravascular catheter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, shown as a guide or diagnostic catheter;
• Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in Figure 1 ;
• Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Figure 1;
• Figures 4A - 4C are fragmentary views of various braid options.
• Figure 5 is a partially sectioned fragmentary view of the catheter shaft shown in Figure 1.
• the intravascular catheter shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a guide or diagnostic catheter 10, but may comprise virtually any catheter used for intravascular applications.
• the intravascular catheter may comprise a balloon catheter, an atherectomy catheter, a drug delivery catheter, a stent delivery catheter, etc.
• magnetically non-responsive materials refer to materials that are compatible with magnetic resonance imaging techniques.
• non-magnetically responsive materials include materials with a magnetic susceptibility (absolute value) less than lxlO "4 , preferably less than lxlO "5 , and ideally near zero (0).
• magnetically responsive materials include materials with a magnetic susceptibility (absolute value) greater than or equal to 1x10 " .
• polymers and some metals such as Titanium are magnetically non-responsive, and metals such as stainless steel and other ferrous containing metals are magnetically responsive.
• the guide or diagnostic catheter 10 may have a length and an outside diameter sufficient to enable intravascular ' insertion and navigation.
• the catheter 10 may have a length of approximately 100cm- 150cm and an outside diameter of approximately 4F-9F.
• the guide or diagnostic catheter 10 may be substantially conventional except as described herein and shown in the drawings.
• the catheter 10 includes an elongate shaft 12 having a proximal end and distal end.
• a distal tip 16 is connected to the distal end of the elongate shaft 12.
• the distal tip 16 and a distal portion of the elongate shaft 12 may be curved depending on the particular clinical application.
• the elongate shaft 12 and the distal tip 16 include a lumen 18 extending therethrough to facilitate insertion of other medical devices (e.g., guide wires, balloon catheters, etc.) therethrough, and/or to facilitate injection of fluids (e.g., radiopaque dye, saline, drugs, etc.) therethrough.
• a conventional manifold 14 is connected to the proximal end of the elongate shaft 12 to facilitate connection to other medical devices (e.g., syringe, Y-adapter, etc.) and to provide access to the lumen 18.
• the elongate shaft 12 may be multi-layered.
• the elongate shaft 12 may include an outer layer 30, a reinforcement layer 32, and an inner layer 34.
• the distal tip 16 may comprise the outer layer 30 extending beyond the inner layer 34 and the reinforcement layer 32 to define a soft atraumatic tip.
• the inner layer 34 may comprise a lubricious polymer such as HDPE or PTFE, for example.
• the inner layer 34 may comprise PTFE having a wall thickness of 0.001 in., and an inside diameter of 0.058 inches.
• the inner layer 34 is non-magnetically responsive and non-radiopaque, but may be made radiopaque by utilizing known filler materials such as bismuth subcarbonate.
• the outer layer 30 may comprise, at least in part, a polyether-ester elastomer sold under the trade name ARNITEL.
• the outer layer 30 may be formed, for example, by extrusion, co-extrusion, interrupted layer co-extrusion (ILC), or fusing several segments end-to-end.
• the outer layer may have a uniform stiffness or a gradual reduction in stiffness from the proximal end to the distal end thereof. The gradual reduction in stiffness may be continuous as by ILC or may be stepped as by fusing together separate extruded tubular segments end-to-end.
• the outer layer may be impregnated with a reinforcing material such as liquid crystal polymer (LCP) fibrils.
• LCP liquid crystal polymer
• a proximal portion of the outer layer 30 may comprise 74D ARNITEL with 6% LCP, a mid portion may comprise 63D ARNITEL, and a distal portion may comprise 55D ARNITEL.
• the distal tip 16 may comprise 40D ARNITEL loaded with 46% bismuth subcarbonate to render it radiopaque.
• the proximal portion, mid portion, distal portion and distal tip may have lengths of 34 in., 3 in., 1.5 in., and 0.15 in., respectively.
• the proximal, mid and distal portions may have a wall thickness of 0.005 in., and the distal tip may have a wall thickness of 0.005 in.
• the outer layer 30 is non-radiopaque and non-magnetically responsive, while the distal tip 16 is radiopaque and non-magnetically responsive.
• the reinforcement layer 32 may comprise a metal wire braid, for example.
• the metal wire braid may comprise a non-magnetically responsive (i.e., non-ferrous) radiopaque metal such as Tungsten, Gold, Titanium, Silver, Copper, Platinum, Iridium, other non-ferrous dense metals, or alloys thereof.
• Tungsten exhibits tensile properties (strength and rigidity) similar to or higher than those of stainless steel, which is a conventional reinforcement material that exhibits magnetic responsiveness due to some ferrous content and is therefore not MRI compatible.
• Tungsten is also relatively dense and therefore relatively radiopaque.
• Tungsten is also relatively inexpensive compared to other more precious metals and alloys.
• the reinforcement layer 32 may be formed of a non-metal material such as poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide (KEVLAR) fibers, LCP fibers, other polymeric filaments, or glass fibers, including monofilament and multi-filament structures of each.
• KEVLAR poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide
• the braid reinforcement layer 32 may comprise one or more strands 36 of non-magnetically responsive (i.e., non-ferrous) radiopaque material.
• Each strand 36 may be flat (ribbon), round, and/or hollow.
• the braid 32 may include triple strands 36 braided in a three- over-three pattern as seen in Figure 4A, quadruple strands 36 braided in a four-over- four pattern as seen in Figure 4B, or quintuple strands 36 braided in a five-over-five pattern as shown in Figure 4C.
• a triple strand (three-over-three) reinforcement braid 32 utilizing 0.001 inch diameter Tungsten wire strands 36 with a pic count (pic count refers to the number intersections between strand sets per lineal unit) of 66 +/- 5 pics/inch has been found to provide good radiopacity without requiring loading of the outer layer 30, and good shaft 12 performance in terms of kink resistance, torque transmission, pushability, and shape retention.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
• Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (2)

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• 2002
  • 2002-05-16 US US10/146,980 patent/US20030216642A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2003
  • 2003-04-30 AT AT03728627T patent/ATE419889T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-04-30 EP EP03728627A patent/EP1509273B1/en not_active Revoked
  • 2003-04-30 DE DE60325722T patent/DE60325722D1/de not_active Revoked
  • 2003-04-30 WO PCT/US2003/013535 patent/WO2003097148A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-04-30 JP JP2004505142A patent/JP2005525883A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-04-30 CA CA002484150A patent/CA2484150A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-04-30 AU AU2003234313A patent/AU2003234313A1/en not_active Abandoned

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