WO2003060002A1 - Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003060002A1 WO2003060002A1 PCT/KR2003/000078 KR0300078W WO03060002A1 WO 2003060002 A1 WO2003060002 A1 WO 2003060002A1 KR 0300078 W KR0300078 W KR 0300078W WO 03060002 A1 WO03060002 A1 WO 03060002A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- carbon nanotubes
- rubbers
- rubber composition
- composition according
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/042—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with carbon fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/20—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor
- B61D17/22—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor flexible, e.g. bellows
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/046—Carbon nanorods, nanowires, nanoplatelets or nanofibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers (GNF) as a reinforcing agent, and a process for preparation thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for preparation of a rubber composition, characterized in that carbon nanotubes or GNF, or a mixture of carbon nanotubes or GNF with carbon black or silicone which are conventionally used as a reinforcing agent for rubber, are used as a reinforcement to improve the mechanical, physical, electrical or chemical properties of the rubber composition, and a rubber composition prepared by said process.
- GNF graphitic nanofibers
- a carbon nanotube which is an allotrope of carbon black in the aspect of basic structure, is superior to carbon black in strength and has a tensile stress as high as 100 times that of steel. It also has excellent properties such as high elasticity, high conductivity and the like.
- a carbon nanotube consists of a carbon atom bound to three adjacent carbon atoms, the bonding between those carbon atoms resulting in a hexagonal cyclic structural unit.
- a number of such units form a plane of repeated hexagonal structures in the form of honeycomb, and the plane rolls into a cylindrical tube to finally constitute a nanotube.
- Such a carbon nanotube has a diameter in the range of several angstroms to several nanometers, and the ratio of its length to diameter ranges from tens to thousands.
- Extensive researches on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes are being carried out because the nanotubes have a morphological feature as mentioned above and have good thermal, mechanical and electrical properties resulting from their characteristic chemical bonding. It is expected that utilization of those properties would lead to the development of many new products that are technically limited in the selection of materials, and to the rendering of new properties to existing developed products.
- carbon nanotubes form composites with polymers, tensile stress as well as the desired properties of the materials such as the electrical and chemical properties would be maximized.
- the rubber composite materials thus synthesized using carbon nanotubes or GNF as reinforcement may be used in those traditional fields where existing rubber products are used as well as in a variety of new fields such as electromagnetic wave shielding materials.
- synthetic rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) are used with reinforcements like carbon nanotubes or GNF, the products are expected to have improved tensile stress, higher elasticity and higher wear resistance than traditional tires.
- the inventors of the present invention discovered that rubbers with higher tensile stress and improved properties such as electrical properties, wear resistance and elasticity, compared with traditional rubber products, can be synthesized by substituting all or a part of the carbon black or silicone, which are traditionally used as reinforcement to improve specific properties of rubbers, with carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers (GNF), and attempted to develop a process for preparation of rubbers with improved distribution of carbon nanotubes or GNF in the rubber.
- GNF graphitic nanofibers
- the present invention provides a rubber composition containing carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers (GNF) as a reinforcing agent.
- GNF graphitic nanofibers
- the rubber composition may be a rubber composite or may have a composite structure.
- a rubber composition with higher tensile stress and improved properties such as electrical properties, wear resistance and elasticity, compared with traditional rubber products, is provided by replacing all or a part of carbon black or silicone reinforcement with carbon nanotubes or GNF.
- the type of rubber is not particularly limited, and mention may be made on a rubber selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubbers based on diene polymers or copolymers (e.g., polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, etc.), nitrile rubbers, silicone rubbers, neoprene rubbers, butyl rubbers, Thiokol (polyalkylene sulfide), urethane rubbers (polyesters and polyethers), ethylene-propylene rubbers, epichlorohydrin rubbers, epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide rubbers, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (Hypalon), polyacrylate rubbers, fluorine rubbers, and mixtures thereof.
- a rubber selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubbers based on diene polymers or copolymers (e.g., polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene
- the type of carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers is also not particularly limited, and all types of single wall carbon nanotubes, all types of multi-wall carbon nanotubes, all types of GNF, and mixtures thereof may be mentioned.
- the shapes of carbon nanotubes or GNF (for example, helical, linear, branched types) are not particularly limited, as long as the nanotubes are necessary for improving specific properties of rubbers.
- carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers when used as a reinforcing agent for rubbers, carbon nanotubes may be doped with H, B, N, O, F, Si, P, S or Cl, or may be reacted with at least one from transition metal atoms or transition metal compounds, or alkaline metal atoms, in order to improve specific properties or the affinity for rubber.
- the carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers that can be used for the present invention may be prepared by conventional preparation methods, and in particular by the process for preparation of carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers described in
- the methods of improvement for more uniformly distributing carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers in the rubber are also included in the scope of the present invention.
- Such role of surfactants is also advantageous in uniformly distributing carbon nanotubes or GNF in rubber.
- the surfactants used for this purpose may be cationic, anionic or nonionic, and are not limited in type as long as they distribute carbon nanotubes or GNF uniformly in the rubber and improve the properties by strengthening the bonding. Therefore, according to the present invention, surfactants as well as stearic acid or fatty acids may be added.
- carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers are used in an amount of 0.1 to 150 %, preferably 0.2 to 120 %, and more preferably 0.5 to 100 % by weight of the rubber.
- carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers may be used in a mixture or compound with carbon black or silicone products that are traditionally used as reinforcements.
- the amount of carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers may range, with respect to the content of carbon black or silicone product or a mixture of the two, from 0.1 to 99.9 %, preferably from 0.1 to 99 %, and more preferably from 0.5 to 90 % by weight, and if necessary, an amount not more than 50 % by weight can also be used.
- synthetic rubbers that are prepared by reinforcing synthetic rubbers for automobile tires, such as natural rubber (NR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), with carbon nanotubes, may be an advantageous material for tires. Therefore, according to a modification of the present invention, provided are automobile tires and a process for preparation thereof using a rubber composition containing carbon nanotubes or graphitic nanofibers as reinforcement.
- NR natural rubber
- BR butadiene rubber
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- Natural rubber was used as the raw material for rubber, and additives that are generally used in the synthesis of rubber for tires were used.
- the amounts of the additives used in testing the properties of synthetic rubber reinforced with carbon nanotubes were as follows: on the basis of the content of natural rubber, 5 % by weight of carbon nanotubes used as a reinforcing agent
- the composition was basically similar to the compositions generally used in the synthesis of rubber for tires. Vulcanization was carried out at 150°C for 30 minutes.
- the tensile stress of thus obtained synthetic rubber was 32.1 MPa, and the stress at 300 % strain was 29.7 MPa. These values, obtained in the case of using a mixture of carbon nanotubes and carbon black, represent increases by about 35 % for tensile stress and about 37 % for the stress at 300 % strain, compared with the case of using carbon black only.
- composition was the same as that used in Example 1 , except that carbon nanotubes were not used, and included, on the basis of the amount of natural rubber
- NR carbon black reinforcement
- N-330 having a particle size of 32 nm
- elemental sulfur 4 % by weight of zinc oxide
- the amounts of the additives used in testing the properties of synthetic rubber reinforced with carbon nanotubes were as follows: on the basis of the amount of rubber (NR), 5 % by weight of carbon nanotube reinforcement (multi-wall carbon nanotubes with an average diameter of 60 nm), 25 % by weight of silicone, 2 % by weight of elemental sulfur, 4 % by weight of zinc oxide and 0.4 % by weight of an accelerator.
- the composition was the same as that used in Comparative Example 2 below, except that 5 % by weight of carbon black was replaced with carbon nanotubes.
- Vulcanization was carried out at 150°C for 30 minutes.
- the tensile stress of thus obtained synthetic rubber was 23.8 MPa, and the stress at 300 % strain was 21.7 MPa.
- Natural rubber (NR) was used as the raw material for rubber, and additives that are generally used in the synthesis of rubber for tires were used.
- the composition was basically similar to the compositions generally used in the synthesis of rubber for tires, and included, on the basis of the amount of rubber (NR), 30 % by weight of silicone reinforcement having a particle size of 32 nm, 2 % by weight of elemental sulfur, 4 % by weight of zinc oxide and 0.4 % by weight of an accelerator. Vulcanization was carried out at 150°C for 30 minutes.
- the tensile stress of thus obtained synthetic rubber was 2 MPa, and the stress at 300 % strain was 19.5 MPa.
- synthesis of composite rubbers by substituting all or a part of carbon black or silicone which is used as reinforcement for rubber, with carbon nanotubes or GNF can result in materials with higher tensile strength and elasticity than conventional products, and which materials are highly resistant to structure deformation or destruction.
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003560096A JP2005514509A (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-01-15 | Rubber composition containing carbon nanotube as reinforcing agent and method for producing the same |
AU2003202820A AU2003202820A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-01-15 | Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof |
EP03701911A EP1465945A4 (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-01-15 | Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020020002686A KR100592527B1 (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2002-01-17 | Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof |
KR10-2002-0002686 | 2002-01-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003060002A1 true WO2003060002A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/KR2003/000078 WO2003060002A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-01-15 | Rubber composition comprising carbon nanotubes as reinforcing agent and preparation thereof |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1465945A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005514509A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100592527B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1615336A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003202820A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003060002A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1465945A4 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
KR100592527B1 (en) | 2006-06-23 |
JP2005514509A (en) | 2005-05-19 |
KR20030062482A (en) | 2003-07-28 |
EP1465945A1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
CN1615336A (en) | 2005-05-11 |
AU2003202820A1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
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