WO2003033767A2 - Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire - Google Patents
Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003033767A2 WO2003033767A2 PCT/FR2002/003485 FR0203485W WO03033767A2 WO 2003033767 A2 WO2003033767 A2 WO 2003033767A2 FR 0203485 W FR0203485 W FR 0203485W WO 03033767 A2 WO03033767 A2 WO 03033767A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62222—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining ceramic coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5031—Alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5035—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5037—Clay, Kaolin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0087—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for metallurgical applications
- C04B2111/00879—Non-ferrous metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the protection of objects and materials intended for the production of aluminum by electrolysis in molten salt, in particular according to the Hall-Héroult process. It relates in particular to the protective coatings of said objects and materials.
- Aluminum metal is produced industrially by igneous electrolysis, namely by electrolysis of alumina in solution in a bath based on molten cryolite, called electrolyte bath, in particular according to the well-known Hall-Héroult process.
- the electrolyte bath is typically contained in cells, called “electrolysis cells”, comprising a steel box, which is coated internally with refractory and / or insulating materials, and a cathode assembly normally located at the bottom of the cell.
- the cathode assembly typically comprises precooked cathode blocks of carbonaceous material.
- Anodes are partially immersed in the electrolyte bath.
- electrolysis cell normally designates the assembly comprising an electrolysis tank and one or more anodes.
- Objects and materials that are used in the aluminum industry are often exposed to corrosive environments and subjected to high temperatures and significant thermal and mechanical stresses.
- gaseous effluents which may contain oxygen, carbon monoxide and / or fluorinated gases
- very high temperature typically up to around 1000 ° C
- a molten salt typically molten cryolite
- the Applicant has therefore sought means to increase the chemical, and possibly mechanical, resistance of the electrolytic cell elements.
- the subject of the invention is a coating precursor comprising a silicone resin (or organosiloxane), a mineral filler and an organic solvent capable of dissolving said resin and of suspending said mineral filler, said silicone resin and said mineral filler being capable of chemically reacting so as to produce a solid layer on a substrate after evaporation of the organic solvent and a cohesive refractory layer after a calcination operation.
- a silicone resin or organosiloxane
- an organic solvent capable of dissolving said resin and of suspending said mineral filler
- said silicone resin and said mineral filler being capable of chemically reacting so as to produce a solid layer on a substrate after evaporation of the organic solvent and a cohesive refractory layer after a calcination operation.
- Said precursor which is typically in the form of a suspension or a slip, is preferably homogeneous. It is typically obtained by mixing the resin, the mineral filler and the organic solvent.
- the silicone resin is a polysiloxane preferably comprising a proportion of OH groups, such as a polymethylsiloxane, a polydimethylsiloxane, a polymethylsilsesquioxane, or a mixture of these, comprising a proportion of OH groups substituted for the methyl groups.
- the Applicant has noted that the proportion of OH groups is preferably between approximately 0.5% and approximately 2%. Too low a proportion of OH groups does not confer a sufficient propensity to form a solid layer after evaporation of the solvent and with high cohesiveness after calcination. A very high proportion of OH groups can make polysiloxane difficult to produce at an acceptable cost.
- the silanol groups are preferably stable in order to allow storage of the resin. These OH groups can be grafted to a polysiloxane by hydrolysis.
- the siloxane units of the polysiloxane according to the invention are advantageously, in whole or in part, tri- or quadri-functional.
- the proportion of silicone resin in the precursor is typically between 5 and 30% by weight, and preferably between 7.5 and 20% by weight, in order to allow satisfactory ceramization of the coating during calcination. Excluding solvent, the proportion of silicone resin in the precursor is typically between 15 and 40% by weight.
- the organic solvent is typically an apolar solvent, such as xylene or toluene.
- Xylene can be a mixture of different types of xylene, such as o and p.
- the proportion of solvent in the precursor is typically between 20 and 60% by weight, and more typically between 30% and 55% by weight.
- the mineral filler is typically chosen from borides, carbides, nitrides and metal oxides or from borides, carbides and non-metal nitrides (such as boron nitrides and boron carbides (BC ,. ..)), or a combination or mixture thereof.
- Said mineral filler is advantageously chosen from metal compounds such as metal oxides, metal carbides, metal borides and metal nitrides, or a combination or a mixture of these.
- the mineral filler is preferably able to react chemically with the silicone resin so as to produce a solid layer after evaporation of the organic solvent and a refractory layer with high cohesiveness after calcination of said raw layer.
- the metal compound is advantageously alumina, ZrO 2 , ZrB 2 , TiB 2 or TiO 2 or a combination or a mixture of these.
- the alumina is preferably a reactive calcined alpha alumina, called technical alumina, the hydration rate of which is very low (typically less than 1%, or even less than 0.5%).
- the proportion of mineral filler in the precursor is typically between 30% and 55% by weight. Too small a proportion leads to too fine a deposition and consequently requires the deposition of a large number of successive layers. Too large a proportion gives a precursor which is difficult to spread.
- the mineral filler is preferably in the form of a fine powder, which makes it possible to obtain a fluid precursor and a uniform coating. It is typically added to the silicone resin / organic solvent mixture after a fine grinding operation.
- the particle size of the mineral filler powder is typically such that the grain size is between 0.05 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ .
- the subject of the invention is also a method for coating a determined surface with a substrate of at least one refractory layer containing silicon in which: - the substrate is coated with a coating precursor according to the invention, so as to form a raw layer;
- calcination capable of causing the elimination of volatile matter, the calcination of said raw layer and the formation of a cohesive refractory layer.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a thin, resistant layer which is strongly adherent to the substrate which is resistant to liquid metal and / or to oxidation and which has a high cohesiveness.
- the amount of said organic solvent is preferably such that all of the silicone resin is dissolved and that the solution obtained is capable of suspending the charge of mineral filler.
- the coating precursor can be prepared in at least two operations: - a silicone resin is dissolved in an organic solvent, so as to obtain a silicone resin solution;
- the mineral filler is added to the silicone resin solution thus obtained.
- the coating of the substrate (which typically comprises the deposition and spreading of said precursor on the substrate) can be carried out by any known means.
- the coating can be deposited by brushing (typically using a brush and / or a roller), by soaking, spraying or spraying (typically using a gun).
- the substrate can optionally be brought to a temperature above ambient before coating in order to promote the formation of a homogeneous deposit and the adhesion of the deposit by melting the resin.
- the method according to the invention can also include complementary operations, such as preparing the parts of the surface of the substrate that it is desired to coat and / or drying the raw coating before the heat treatment. Said drying is used in particular to evaporate said organic solvent and to solidify, at least partially, the raw layer (so as to be able to handle the substrate without damaging the layer).
- the preparation of the surface of the substrate typically includes cleaning and / or degreasing (for example using acetone).
- a coating precursor further containing a wetting agent capable of promoting the formation of a thin layer.
- Said wetting agent is preferably a polyether silane, which promotes spreading of the coating on the substrate without preventing the ceramization of the refractory coating during the heat treatment.
- the chemical formula of said polyether silane is typically:
- R is an alkyl group, typically methyl.
- the wetting agent also makes it possible to avoid or substantially delay the setting in solid of the precursor.
- the proportion of wetting agent in the precursor is typically between 1 and 5% by weight approximately, and preferably between 2 and 3% by weight, relative to the proportion of mineral filler. Relative to the total weight of the precursor, the proportion of wetting agent in the precursor is typically between 0.5 and 5%, and preferably between 1 and 3%, by weight.
- the so-called calcination heat treatment comprises at least one step at an elevated temperature, which is typically between 800 and 1300 ° C., capable of transforming the raw layer into a refractory ceramic, which is advantageously in the vitreous state.
- the composition of the glassy phase typically comprises between 5 and 25% by weight of silica obtained from the resin (the remainder, typically 75 to 95% by weight, essentially consists of the mineral filler).
- the calcination temperature also depends on the substrate; for example, in the case of a metal substrate, it is advantageously lower than the softening temperature thereof. On the other hand, it is also preferable to use a calcination temperature higher than the temperature of use of the coated substrate.
- the heat treatment may include an intermediate step at a temperature between 200 and 600 ° C (typically between 200 and 250 ° C).
- This intermediate step is preferably capable of causing the crosslinking of the resin and, optionally, the decomposition of the latter before the "ceramization" (or final calcination) of the coating.
- the duration of the heat treatment is preferably such that it allows complete ceramization of the precursor.
- the rise in temperature is preferably slow enough to avoid cracking of the coating.
- the organic compounds are removed (by evaporation and / or by decomposition), leaving a refractory solid on a surface of the substrate.
- This solid is for example formed from the metal originating from the compound of metal and silicon from the silicone resin.
- the Si-OH silanol groups of the polysiloxane seem to establish covalent bonds with the OH groups of the alumina, which bonds seem to transform into Si-O-Al bonds, with evolution of water, during heat treatment, to form an alumino-silicate, which is advantageously in the vitreous state.
- a similar mechanism could occur with metal compounds other than alumina.
- the ambient atmosphere during the calcination treatment is advantageously non-oxidizing, in order to avoid in particular an oxidation of the substrate at the substrate / coating interface liable to cause decohesion between the substrate and the coating, or even the destruction of the substrate (for example when it is made of graphite).
- the final coating can comprise two or more successive layers, which can be applied by successive coatings and heat treatments, i.e. by successive coating / heat treatment sequences.
- the coating and calcination treatment operations of the layer are repeated for each elementary layer of the final coating.
- the successive layers may have a different composition, so as to give them different chemical and mechanical properties. This last variant makes it possible to adapt each layer to a local function, such as the adhesion to the substrate for the first layer, the mechanical resistance for the intermediate layers and the chemical resistance for the surface layer.
- the substrate can be metal, refractory material or carbonaceous material, or a mixture or combination thereof.
- the substrate can be a molten salt electrolysis cell element for the production of aluminum.
- the subject of the invention is also a molten salt electrolysis cell element for the production of aluminum, at least part of the surface of which comprises at least one refractory layer obtained by using said precursor or by using said coating process, which refractory layer is advantageously in the state vitreous, with or without a composition gradient in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.
- the invention also relates to the use of said precursor or of said coating process for the protection of a material and / or of an electrolysis cell element in molten salt for the production of aluminum.
- the molten salt electrolysis cell element for the production of aluminum can be metal, refractory material or carbonaceous material (such as graphite), or a mixture or combination thereof; it can be a particular object, in particular an anode made of carbonaceous material, an anode support element (such as an anode rod or an anodic log), an element or part of an electrolytic cell (such as '' a box or a box gunwale), an element for coating an electrolytic cell (such as a refractory brick or a brazing element), a cathode block made of carbon material or a mixture of carbon materials (such as a cathode block containing, in whole or in part, graphite).
- the substrate can be porous or non-porous.
- the invention also relates to a molten salt electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum comprising at least one material and / or one element according to the invention.
- This test focused on graphite blocks of approximately 50 x 15 x 15 mm.
- a slip was prepared with the following composition:
- - mineral filler (a metal compound): 44.9% by weight of a TiB 2 powder (reference Metabap 143) having a D50 of 1.7 ⁇ m;
- - silicone resin 14% by weight of a polymethylsiloxane MK from the company Wacker, which is a tri-functional resin with approximately 1% of OH groups. This resin was composed of approximately 80% of silica equivalent and 20% of methyl groups, which decompose at a temperature of the order of 450 ° C;
- the refractory coating obtained comprised about 80% by weight of equivalent of the metal compound and 20% by weight of equivalent of silica.
- the concentration of silicone resin in xylene was approximately 250 g / l.
- the xylene was mixed so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
- the silicone resin was dissolved at room temperature in this organic solvent until a homogeneous solution was obtained.
- the wetting agent was then added to this solution. After a ripening time of 10 minutes, the charge was added to this solution and mixed (by stirring) until a homogeneous suspension was obtained.
- This test involved stainless steel blades of approximately 1 x 12 x 20 mm.
- a slip was prepared, following the same procedure as for test 1, with the following composition:
- a calcined alpha alumina powder (technical alumina reference P172SB from the company Aluminum Pechiney) having a D50 of 0.5 ⁇ m and a BET specific surface of 6 to 8 m 2 / g.
- the alumina was finely ground (particle size typically between 0.2 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m);
- - silicone resin 14% by weight of a polymethylsiloxane MK from the company Wacker, which is a tri-functional resin with approximately 1% of OH groups.
- This resin was composed of approximately 80% of silica equivalent and 20% of methyl groups, which decompose at a temperature of the order of 450 ° C;
- - organic solvent 39.8% by weight of xylene;
- a blade was covered with four successive layers of the slip thus obtained.
- the slide underwent a calcination operation at 900 ° C. after each deposition.
- the coated slide and an uncoated control slide were tested by immersion for 8 hours in a flow of liquid aluminum at about 750 ° C.
- the coated blade was hardly attacked by the liquid metal while the uncoated blade largely dissolved in the liquid metal.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/492,523 US20040197482A1 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-11 | Coating precursor and method for coating a substrate with a refractory layer |
EP02785544A EP1436446A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-11 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
CA002463656A CA2463656A1 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-11 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
PCT/FR2002/003515 WO2003033435A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Percurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
AU2002362826A AU2002362826B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Coating precursor and method for coating a substrate with a refractory layer |
CA002464340A CA2464340A1 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
EP02793164A EP1438271A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Percurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
CA002463568A CA2463568A1 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
US10/491,447 US7238390B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Coating precursor and method for coating a substrate with a refractory layer |
EP02790511A EP1436240A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
AU2002358833A AU2002358833B9 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Coating precursor and method for coating a substrate with a refractory layer |
PCT/FR2002/003517 WO2003033436A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-14 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
NO20041977A NO20041977L (no) | 2001-10-15 | 2004-05-13 | Belegningsforloper og fremgangsmate for a belegge et substrat med et motstandsdyktig lag |
NO20041978A NO20041978L (no) | 2001-10-15 | 2004-05-13 | Belegningsforloper og fremgangsmate for a belegge et substrat med et motstandsdyktig lag |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0113266A FR2830856B1 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2001-10-15 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
FR01/13266 | 2001-10-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003033767A2 true WO2003033767A2 (fr) | 2003-04-24 |
WO2003033767A3 WO2003033767A3 (fr) | 2003-10-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2002/003485 WO2003033767A2 (fr) | 2001-10-15 | 2002-10-11 | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US20040197482A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1436446A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2463656A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2830856B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2293797C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003033767A2 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200403289B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AU2003274399A1 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-05-04 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Anode current feeding connection stem |
US7838552B2 (en) | 2004-06-04 | 2010-11-23 | Forest Laboratories Holdings Limited | Compositions comprising nebivolol |
US7803838B2 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2010-09-28 | Forest Laboratories Holdings Limited | Compositions comprising nebivolol |
WO2009132459A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Alcan International Limited | Bloc stratifié de cathode |
US20110114479A1 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Kennametal Inc. | Composite Material Useful in Electrolytic Aluminum Production Cells |
CN102432336B (zh) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-02-20 | 浙江大学 | 有机/无机复合混凝土耐腐蚀保护膜涂层的制备及应用 |
RU2486292C1 (ru) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" | Способ создания смачиваемого покрытия углеродной подины алюминиевого электролизера |
CN102817031A (zh) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-12-12 | 大连工业大学 | 一种方钠石沸石膜的制备方法 |
RU2510822C1 (ru) * | 2012-12-29 | 2014-04-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" | Способ изготовления комбинированных подовых блоков |
RU2522928C1 (ru) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-07-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный минерально-сырьевой университет "Горный" | Способ защиты углеродной футеровки |
CN105642522A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 固态聚合物电解质水电解池系统公共管道耐腐蚀处理方法 |
CN111303759B (zh) * | 2020-02-24 | 2023-09-29 | 四会市中日化工实业有限公司 | 一种汽车排气管涂料及其制备方法 |
WO2021214802A1 (fr) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-28 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Produit métallique revêtu |
FR3112715B1 (fr) * | 2020-07-23 | 2023-01-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Revêtement à base d’une céramique de silicium pour la protection d’un substrat métallique |
CN115072732A (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-20 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | 一种二硼化钛超细粉体的制备方法 |
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GB1461155A (en) * | 1973-10-05 | 1977-01-13 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Method for producing aluminum |
US4292345A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-09-29 | Kolesnik Mikhail I | Method of protecting carbon-containing component parts of metallurgical units from oxidation |
US4496469A (en) * | 1982-01-12 | 1985-01-29 | Otsuka Kagaku Yakuhin Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat-insulating refractory material consisting alkali titanate and silicon resin |
DE3638937A1 (de) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-26 | Sigri Gmbh | Kathode fuer eine schmelzflusselektrolysezelle |
US5215801A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1993-06-01 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Silicone resin electronic device encapsulant |
US5310476A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-05-10 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Application of refractory protective coatings, particularly on the surface of electrolytic cell components |
EP0601317A2 (fr) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-15 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Substrat pour étiquette, encre et étiquette |
US5399441A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-03-21 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of applying opaque coatings |
EP0834489A1 (fr) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-08 | Dow Corning Corporation | Revêtements épais opaques en céramique |
US5851677A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-12-22 | Carbone Savoie | Coating composition for carbon-containing products and said coating |
EP0994158A1 (fr) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-19 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Composition organosilxane pour former d'une couche frittée |
US6210791B1 (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 2001-04-03 | General Electric Company | Article with a diffuse reflective barrier coating and a low-emissity coating thereon, and its preparation |
EP1088908A2 (fr) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-04 | General Electric Company | Méthode pour le lissage de la surface d'une couche de protection |
EP1197585A2 (fr) * | 2000-10-12 | 2002-04-17 | General Electric Company | Method for repairing a thermal barrier coating and repaired coating |
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FR2830857B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-15 | 2004-07-30 | Pechiney Aluminium | Precurseur de revetement et procede pour revetir un substrat d'une couche refractaire |
-
2001
- 2001-10-15 FR FR0113266A patent/FR2830856B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-10-11 RU RU2004114883/02A patent/RU2293797C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-11 US US10/492,523 patent/US20040197482A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-11 EP EP02785544A patent/EP1436446A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-10-11 CA CA002463656A patent/CA2463656A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-11 WO PCT/FR2002/003485 patent/WO2003033767A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2004
- 2004-04-30 ZA ZA200403289A patent/ZA200403289B/en unknown
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GB1461155A (en) * | 1973-10-05 | 1977-01-13 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Method for producing aluminum |
US4292345A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-09-29 | Kolesnik Mikhail I | Method of protecting carbon-containing component parts of metallurgical units from oxidation |
US4496469A (en) * | 1982-01-12 | 1985-01-29 | Otsuka Kagaku Yakuhin Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat-insulating refractory material consisting alkali titanate and silicon resin |
DE3638937A1 (de) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-26 | Sigri Gmbh | Kathode fuer eine schmelzflusselektrolysezelle |
US5215801A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1993-06-01 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Silicone resin electronic device encapsulant |
US5310476A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-05-10 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Application of refractory protective coatings, particularly on the surface of electrolytic cell components |
EP0601317A2 (fr) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-15 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Substrat pour étiquette, encre et étiquette |
US5399441A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-03-21 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of applying opaque coatings |
US5851677A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-12-22 | Carbone Savoie | Coating composition for carbon-containing products and said coating |
US6210791B1 (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 2001-04-03 | General Electric Company | Article with a diffuse reflective barrier coating and a low-emissity coating thereon, and its preparation |
EP0834489A1 (fr) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-08 | Dow Corning Corporation | Revêtements épais opaques en céramique |
EP0994158A1 (fr) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-19 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Composition organosilxane pour former d'une couche frittée |
EP1088908A2 (fr) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-04 | General Electric Company | Méthode pour le lissage de la surface d'une couche de protection |
EP1197585A2 (fr) * | 2000-10-12 | 2002-04-17 | General Electric Company | Method for repairing a thermal barrier coating and repaired coating |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 200061 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A26, AN 2000-636812 XP002205091 & RU 2 149 168 C (SEVERSTAL STOCK CO), 20 mai 2000 (2000-05-20) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 578 (C-1269), 7 novembre 1994 (1994-11-07) -& JP 06 212115 A (UBE IND LTD), 2 août 1994 (1994-08-02) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2293797C2 (ru) | 2007-02-20 |
US20040197482A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
ZA200403289B (en) | 2005-05-03 |
RU2004114883A (ru) | 2005-09-20 |
WO2003033767A3 (fr) | 2003-10-16 |
FR2830856B1 (fr) | 2004-07-30 |
CA2463656A1 (fr) | 2003-04-24 |
FR2830856A1 (fr) | 2003-04-18 |
EP1436446A2 (fr) | 2004-07-14 |
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