WO2003033164A1 - Cyclone - Google Patents

Cyclone Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003033164A1
WO2003033164A1 PCT/SE2002/001838 SE0201838W WO03033164A1 WO 2003033164 A1 WO2003033164 A1 WO 2003033164A1 SE 0201838 W SE0201838 W SE 0201838W WO 03033164 A1 WO03033164 A1 WO 03033164A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cyclone
particles
dust
granulate
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2002/001838
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Willy FURÅSEN
Ola Antonsson
Original Assignee
Rapid Granulator Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rapid Granulator Ab filed Critical Rapid Granulator Ab
Publication of WO2003033164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003033164A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/15—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with swinging flaps or revolving sluices; Sluices; Check-valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/18—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with auxiliary fluid assisting discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/185—Dust collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/04—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall in cascades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing the spread into the ambient surroundings of dust and small particles which, together with larger particles are produced in a granulator mill, the apparatus including a cyclone which, at its upper end, has a tangentially directed inlet and a central upwardly directed outlet which, interiorly in the cyclone, has an inner, substantially cylindrical wall which extends downwards and a downwardly tapering conical section with an outlet at its lower end.
  • plastics waste in a granulator mill a main fraction of plastics particles is produced where the individual particles are of relatively large size, often of the order of magnitude of one or a few mm.
  • smaller particles or pure dust are also produced where the individual particle may be of extremely small size. The dust particles or the smaller particles often adhere to the larger particles as a result of purely mechanical forces, but also as a result of electrostatic bondings.
  • the granulate is conveyed with dust admixed therein from the granulator mill via a conduit to a cyclone where the granulate is separated from the air current carrying the granulate. Because of the slight mass of the small particles, their separation from the air current will be defective in the cyclone, for which reason a certain fraction of the particles departs with the exhaust air flow from the cyclone.
  • the present invention has for its object to realise an environment in connection with the granulation of plastics waste where the pollution problems by the spread of dust are in principle solved.
  • the present invention has for its object to realise a cyclone possessing superior separation capability and in which small and light particles are reliably led out together with added air without being mixed into the coarser fractions.
  • the present invention relates to a solution which is simple and economical in manufacture and operation.
  • the object forming the basis of the present invention will be attained in respect of the method if this is characterised in that a partial vacuum in relation to the ambient surroundings is maintained in the air current carrying the dust.
  • the object forming the basis of the present invention will be attained in respect of the apparatus if this is characterised in that the fan is disposed to create, in relation to the ambient surroundings, a partial vacuum in a flow region which includes at least a part of the interior of the granulator mill, the cyclone, the filter and conduits interconnecting these components.
  • the object forming the basis of the present invention will be attained in respect of the dust separator if this is characterised in that a separator chamber of larger cross sectional area than the outlet of the cyclone for larger particles is disposed therebeneath, that a deflector device is disposed in the separator chamber to be impinged upon by falling, larger particles and dust carried thereby, and that an inlet for air is disposed beneath the deflector device whereby there is created an air current through the flow of falling, larger particles and dust.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a plant for separating granulate and dust from an airborne flow from a granulator mill
  • Fig. 2 shows, on a larger scale, those components which are employed for separating the granulate and the dust.
  • reference numeral 1 relates to an arrow which represents a conduit from the outlet side of a granulator mill (not shown) to the inlet 2 to a cyclone 3.
  • the cyclone In its upper regions, the cyclone is somewhat unconventional, as will be apparent below, but has a centrally located outlet 4 on the upper end of the cyclone.
  • a conduit 5 To the outlet 4, there is connected a conduit 5 which runs to the inlet side of a filter 6 whose downstream side is connected via a conduit 9 to a fan 7 with an outlet 8.
  • the fan is placed at the terminal end of the series of components employed for separating, on the one hand, granulate and, on the other hand, for separating dust which is produced in the granulator mill not shown on the Drawings.
  • the air current which the fan 7 generates not only flows through the cyclone 3 but also through the granulator mill so that at least certain parts of its interior are under a partial vacuum in relation to the ambient surroundings.
  • the same conditions naturally apply also to the cyclone 3, the conduits 5 and 9, as well as the filter 6 and the intake side of the fan 7. In that, in this manner, the system is kept under partial vacuum, dust can hardly - regardless of particle size — escape into the ambient surroundings since, in the event of leakages, air would flow into the system and thereby entrain with it any possible dust.
  • a conventional discharge sluice 10 whose purpose is to discharge such granulate as was separated in the cyclone without allowing any air flow either into or out from the cyclone 3. This discharged granulate is then transferred to a receptacle container located beneath the discharge sluice 10 or is conveyed further for re-use with the aid of an air current flowing in a conduit system.
  • the granulate which departs from the discharge sluice 10 can be handled under atmospheric pressure and, for example, be poured or blown via a conduit to the infeed of an injection moulding machine, it will readily be perceived that even minor quantities of dust in the granulate would cause major pollution problems in the ambient surroundings. For this reason, it is vitally important that the granulate which departs from the discharge sluice 10 is dust-free as far as this is humanly possible. It will be apparent from Fig. 1 that there is disposed, beneath the outlet 12 of the cyclone 3 for larger particles or granulate, a dust separator 11 which in turn is placed over an inlet conduit 13 to the discharge sluice 10.
  • the granulate or large particles are no longer airborne, but these fall down under the action of gravity in order, in due course, to arrive in the discharge sluice 10.
  • the dust separator 11 is disposed to separate, from the flow of downwardly falling large particles or granulate, dust particles which may possibly float freely in the air, but also separate such dust particles as adhere to the downwardly falling granulate particles.
  • the cyclone is, at least as regards its upper regions, somewhat unconventional in design. In a conventional manner however, it has a tangentially directed inlet 2 which discharges in an annular flow space between a cylindrical ,
  • the cylindrical inner wall 16 has a downwardly directed opening which discharges in the conical section 17 of the cyclone 3. Upwardly, the space inside the inner wall 16 discharges in the outlet 4 of the cyclone.
  • the cylindrical inner wall 16 extends considerably further down in the cyclone than was previously the case.
  • the inner wall extends down into the conical region 17 of the cyclone so far that the radial distance between the inner wall 16 and the conical section 17 is considerably smaller than the radial distance between the inner wall 16 and the cylindrical outer wall 15, or, if this were to be absent, the corresponding radial distance at the height level of the inlet 2.
  • this radial distance at the lower end of the inner wall 16 is of the order of magnitude of 0.25 to 0.5 of the radial distance at the upper region of the inner wall 16.
  • one or more plates 23 which are disposed, inside the inner wall 16, one or more plates 23 whose purpose is to prevent or reduce rotation of the flow which takes place with the major direction upwards inside the inner wall.
  • one such plate 23 which is placed in an axial diametric plane to the inner wall 16.
  • the plate 23 has a lower edge which, in the vertical direction, is located at the lower end of the inner wall 16 and an upper edge which is located a distance up which approximately corresponds to the diameter of the inner wall 16, which is approximately twice as large as the diameter of the lower outlet 12 of the cyclone.
  • the dust separator 11 has a separator chamber 18 which is approximately in the form of two frustoconical shells which are turned to face with their large ends towards one another. Possibly, as is the case in Fig. 2, a small cylindrical band may be placed between both of the large ends.
  • the separator chamber is rotation-symmetrical and is coaxial with the cyclone 3 and its outlet 12.
  • the separator chamber has a largest diameter in the central region in the vertical direction and this diameter is greater than the diameter of the outlet 12 of the cyclone 3, but is also greater than the diameter of the inlet conduit 13 to the discharge sluice 10.
  • a deflector device 19 Interiorly in the separator chamber 18, there is disposed a deflector device 19 which may also be considered as being composed of two conical shells which are turned to face with their large ends towards one another.
  • the diameter of the deflector device 19 is equal to or greater than the inner diameter in the outlet 12 of the cyclone 3.
  • the deflector device 19 is placed concentrically in the separator chamber 18 and thereby also concentric in relation to the outlet 12 of the cyclone and the inlet 13 of the discharge sluice.
  • the inlet conduit 14 to the inlet 13 of the discharge sluice has its centre line placed in a diametric plane to the inlet 13 and has a downwardly angled portion 20 located most proximal the inlet and discharging in the inlet 13.
  • a regulator valve 21 which controls the volume flow of air sucked in through the inlet 14.
  • the dust separator functions in the following manner. Via the inlet 2 a mixture of air, granulate and small particles and dust flows into the cyclone 3. The air and these particles begin to rotate with increasing speed of rotation the further down in the conical region of the cyclone the come. Gradually as the larger particles impinge on the wall of the conical region, the rotation speed is retarded and the particles chute or slide along the inner surfaces of the cyclone down to the outlet 12 whence they fall under the action of gravity down into the separator chamber 18 where they strike the deflector device 19.
  • the air which is sucked in via the inlet 14 passes in a direction upwards and is forced to pass straight through the falling flow of granulate and large particles.
  • the flow takes place at least partly radially outwards under the deflector device 19, past its periphery 22 and then at least partly radially inwards over the deflector device.
  • the air volume sucked in via the inlet 14 will entrain with it both loose dust particles in the flow of granulate particles, but will also tear loose small particles ands dust particles adhering to the granulate particles, these small particles and dust particles being borne upwards by the air current centrally through the cyclone 3 and out through the outlet 4 of the cyclone.
  • the granulate which in due course arrives in the discharge sluice 10 is as good as completely free of dust and small particles.
  • the distance in the vertical direction which the dust-carrying air current must pass in an upward direction will be considerably shorter than it would have been in a conventional cyclone.
  • the plate 23 may be expected to reduce the turbulence or rotation in the upwardly flowing air current in the central regions of the cyclone.
  • the above-described dust separating process can, to some degree, be controlled by a regulation of the air flow entering via the valve 21.
  • the separator chamber 18 has been described as composed of two frustoconical shells. However, it also falls within the scope of the present invention that the separator chamber 18 is approximately spherical or approximately discus-shaped.
  • deflector device 19 Alternative embodiments of the deflector device 19 are also conceivable and, thus, this may conceivably be composed of approximately spherical hemispheres or be generally approximately discus-shaped.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant d'éviter la dispersion de particules de petite dimension dans le milieu ambiant lors de la granulation de plastiques. Ce dispositif comprend un cyclone (3), un filtre (6) et des conduits (1, 5, 9). Un séparateur (11) de poussière comprenant une chambre (18) est placé dans le cyclone (3). La chambre (18) du séparateur est disposée entre la sortie (12) inférieure du cyclone, destinée aux particules, et un conduit (13) d'entrée d'air. Dans la chambre (18) du séparateur, l'air circule dans une direction ascendante, à travers un rideau de particules tombantes, de manière que l'air entraîne les poussières fines vers le haut tandis que les particules plus grandes sont dirigées vers un conduit (10) de décharge sous-jacent destiné aux granules. Le cyclone (3) comporte un conduit (16) dirigé vers le bas qui s'avance dans la section (17) conique du cyclone jusqu'à une hauteur qui permet l'évacuation de la poussière séparée dans le séparateur (18) de poussière et de l'air d'alimentation à travers le conduit (16), en direction du filtre (6), sans qu'elle soit mélangée à de plus grandes particules.
PCT/SE2002/001838 2001-10-19 2002-10-09 Cyclone WO2003033164A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0103501A SE0103501D0 (sv) 2001-10-19 2001-10-19 Separering
SE0103501-3 2001-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003033164A1 true WO2003033164A1 (fr) 2003-04-24

Family

ID=20285713

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2002/001837 WO2003033158A1 (fr) 2001-10-19 2002-10-09 Separateur de poussiere
PCT/SE2002/001838 WO2003033164A1 (fr) 2001-10-19 2002-10-09 Cyclone

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2002/001837 WO2003033158A1 (fr) 2001-10-19 2002-10-09 Separateur de poussiere

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1444044B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE454218T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60235033D1 (fr)
SE (1) SE0103501D0 (fr)
WO (2) WO2003033158A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105057124A (zh) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-18 湖州杨氏塑料助剂有限公司 一种生产mbs的旋风分离器
US10512940B2 (en) 2015-09-17 2019-12-24 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Device and method for sorting objects
CN111133290A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2020-05-08 荷兰应用科学研究会(Tno) 颗粒检测装置和用于检测空气传播颗粒的方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050242008A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-03 Peter Simpson Material classifier
CN103191824A (zh) * 2013-04-09 2013-07-10 林志兴 一种封闭式节能粉碎装置
CN103406189A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2013-11-27 张家港联冠环保科技有限公司 一种风送除尘设备
CN111156501B (zh) * 2020-01-02 2023-05-30 袁东辉 中心筒、形成中心筒的方法、分离器、循环流化床锅炉

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981454A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-09-21 Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company Waste material processing apparatus
US4728047A (en) * 1986-01-30 1988-03-01 Shagarova Bella U Separator-disintegrator
US5180257A (en) * 1989-12-16 1993-01-19 Onoda Cement Co. Ltd. Straightening instrument and cyclone
EP0923992A2 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-23 Notetry Limited Appareil séparateur cyclonique
US5958094A (en) * 1996-07-27 1999-09-28 Schwamborn; Karl-Heinz Cyclone collector and cyclone classifier
US5961701A (en) * 1997-03-24 1999-10-05 Vision Almet Limited Moisture separator for digester gases and landfill gases and raw natural gases
US6042628A (en) * 1996-11-12 2000-03-28 Toyo Gijutsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Cyclone type dust collector

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1327985A1 (ru) * 1985-05-20 1987-08-07 Московский институт стали и сплавов Циклон (его варианты)
DE4214771C2 (de) * 1992-05-04 1998-05-14 Netzsch Erich Holding Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Naßklassieren

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981454A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-09-21 Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company Waste material processing apparatus
US4728047A (en) * 1986-01-30 1988-03-01 Shagarova Bella U Separator-disintegrator
US5180257A (en) * 1989-12-16 1993-01-19 Onoda Cement Co. Ltd. Straightening instrument and cyclone
US5958094A (en) * 1996-07-27 1999-09-28 Schwamborn; Karl-Heinz Cyclone collector and cyclone classifier
US6042628A (en) * 1996-11-12 2000-03-28 Toyo Gijutsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Cyclone type dust collector
US5961701A (en) * 1997-03-24 1999-10-05 Vision Almet Limited Moisture separator for digester gases and landfill gases and raw natural gases
EP0923992A2 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-23 Notetry Limited Appareil séparateur cyclonique

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105057124A (zh) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-18 湖州杨氏塑料助剂有限公司 一种生产mbs的旋风分离器
US10512940B2 (en) 2015-09-17 2019-12-24 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Device and method for sorting objects
CN111133290A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2020-05-08 荷兰应用科学研究会(Tno) 颗粒检测装置和用于检测空气传播颗粒的方法
CN111133290B (zh) * 2017-07-27 2023-11-03 荷兰应用科学研究会(Tno) 颗粒检测装置和用于检测空气传播颗粒的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0103501D0 (sv) 2001-10-19
EP1444044B1 (fr) 2010-01-06
WO2003033158A1 (fr) 2003-04-24
EP1444044A1 (fr) 2004-08-11
DE60235033D1 (de) 2010-02-25
ATE454218T1 (de) 2010-01-15

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