WO2003027063A1 - Sulphonation of phenols - Google Patents

Sulphonation of phenols Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003027063A1
WO2003027063A1 PCT/GB2002/004218 GB0204218W WO03027063A1 WO 2003027063 A1 WO2003027063 A1 WO 2003027063A1 GB 0204218 W GB0204218 W GB 0204218W WO 03027063 A1 WO03027063 A1 WO 03027063A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkyl
hydrogen
general formula
alkoxy
solvent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/004218
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jonathan Simon Hill
Bernard Capai
Carlo Neri
Original Assignee
Great Lakes Chemical (Europe) Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Great Lakes Chemical (Europe) Gmbh filed Critical Great Lakes Chemical (Europe) Gmbh
Priority to BR0212655-9A priority Critical patent/BR0212655A/en
Priority to DE60230528T priority patent/DE60230528D1/en
Priority to EP02767644A priority patent/EP1427697B1/en
Priority to JP2003530654A priority patent/JP4255377B2/en
Priority to US10/490,361 priority patent/US6936732B2/en
Priority to KR1020047004152A priority patent/KR100881145B1/en
Publication of WO2003027063A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003027063A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
    • C07C303/02—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
    • C07C303/04—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by substitution of hydrogen atoms by sulfo or halosulfonyl groups
    • C07C303/08—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by substitution of hydrogen atoms by sulfo or halosulfonyl groups by reaction with halogenosulfonic acids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel and improved process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols.
  • Suiphonated phenols are widely used as dyes, medical intermediates, photo- developing chemicals and cosmetic preparations.
  • 4-alkoxy-2- hydroxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acids are suitable as UV absorbers in sun screening preparations.
  • phenols can be readily sulphonated with sulphuric acid, sulphur trioxide gas, dialkyl sulphuric acid and chlorosulphonic acid etc.
  • the reaction is usually carried out in a solvent.
  • Solvents which have been used in the sulphonation of phenols include nitrobenzene, nitromethane, alkyl ethers, cyclic ethers, aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorohydrocarbons and dialkyl carbonates, all of which present undesirable problems.
  • nitro solvents and alkyl ethers have a high risk of explosion and some cyclic ethers are extremely harmful and are not suited for the above mentioned uses of sulphonated phenols.
  • Japanese Patent Application Publication Number H9-227499 describes a method of sulphonating phenols using chlorosulphonic as sulphonating agent and dialkyl carbonates as solvent, e.g. dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and di-isopropyl carbonate.
  • French Patent Application Number 2791057 also describes the use of dialkyl carbonates as a solvent in the preparation of 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenophenone- 5-sulphonic acids. Aryl sulphonic acids are, however, thermally unstable when dissolved in hot dialkyl carbonates leading to degradation, loss of yield and contamination of the product.
  • French Patent Application Number 2791057 also states that the use of aliphatic hydrocarbons of 5-8 carbon atoms cause problems of colouration and the formation of by-products which affect the purity of the final product.
  • US Patent Number 5072034 describes a method of preparing-4-alkoxy-2 ⁇ hydroxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acids by reacting a 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone with chlorosulphonic acid wherein the reaction is carried out in carboxylic ester solvents, e.g. ethyl acetate. These are not satisfactory solvents because degradation leads to the formation of carboxylic acids which impart undesirable odour to the product.
  • R ⁇ is hydrogen, a C C 2 o alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, CrC 2 o alkoxy, C 2 -C 2 o alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy and/or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by Ci-C alkyl, CrC 4 alkoxy and/or halogen, R is hydrogen, -C o alkyl or benzoyl of the general formula II
  • R 3 and 1 ⁇ independently of one another are each hydrogen, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C C 12 alkoxy, CpC haloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 4 -C ⁇ 2 cycloalkylalkyl, cyano, hydroxyl, or hydroxyethyl or are each phenoxy, C -C 10 phenylalkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C C 4 alkyl, C C alkoxy and/or halogen, and R 5 is hydrogen or the group SO 3 X where X can be hydrogen, a monovalent metal or a group-N(R 6 ) 3 , where each of the radicals R6 can be independently of one another hydrogen CpC ⁇ alkyl or d-C ⁇ hydroxy alkyl, which process comprises reacting a phenol of the general formula III
  • R ⁇ and R 2 are as defined above, with a halosulphonic acid in a solvent which is a mixture of a C5-C 1 0 aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and a dialkyl carbonate of the general formula IV
  • R 7 -O-CO-O-R 8 IV where R 7 and Rg each represent independently a CrC 4 alkyl group.
  • the phenol of the general formula III preferably is catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone or a benzophenone.
  • the preferred benzophenone is a 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone.
  • the preferred halosulphonic acid is chlorosulphonic acid.
  • the dialkyl carbonate in the solvent mixture is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or di-isopropyl carbonate.
  • the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon in the solvent mixture is hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, isooctane, isononane or decane.
  • the process of the invention conveniently is carried out with an excess of the phenol of general formula III over the halosulphonic acid, preferably an excess of 2 to 5 mol % of the phenol.
  • the process of the invention furthermore is conveniently carried out with the concentration of phenol of the general formula III in the solvent mixture being 5 to 50% w/w, preferably 15 to 30% w/w.
  • dialkyl carbonate solvent and the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent are mixed in a weight ratio of from 10:90 to 90:10, preferably 40:60 to 60:40.
  • the process of the invention is carried out at a temperature between -10°C to 80°C.
  • the sulphonation reaction is carried out at a temperature between 0°C to 30°C and the products from the sulphonation are then raised gradually to 60°C to 70°C to remove acid product from the sulphonation reaction. Further preferably, the sulphonation reaction is carried out under a pressure between 2mm and 760mm.
  • a particular advantage of using a mixed dialkyl carbonate/aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent according to the invention is that it allows reflux at lower temperatures to facilitate removal of biproduct acid (e.g. HC1) from the sulphonation reactor.
  • a further advantage is that the mixed solvent acts to reduce the solubility of the sulphonated product in the solvent thereby facilitating easy recovery of the product and higher yield of the product.
  • An additional very important benefit of the use of the mixed solvent system is the avoidance of problems of colour and impurities that are observed when an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is used on its own.
  • Aryl sulphonates are generally not very stable (with regard to desulphonation) when dissolved in, for example, dialkyl carbonate solvents. By carrying out the reaction in the mixed solvent, this leads to reduced degradation due to lower temperatures and precipitation of the product.
  • a sulphonic acid group is, as a rule, introduced into the 4-alkoxy-2- hydroxy nucleus of the starting compound. If the reactivity of the second nucleus has been increased by appropriate substitution with electron donor groups, such as hydroxyl or alkoxy, it is also possible introduce two sulpho radicals. For example, the reaction of 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone with two moles of sulphonating agent gives 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone-5,5'- disulphonic acid.
  • UV absorbers particularly preferred radicals are those in which Rj is Ci- g-alkyl, R 3 is in the ortho-position to the ketonic carbonyl group and is hydrogen or hydroxyl and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • Rj Ci- g-alkyl
  • R 3 is in the ortho-position to the ketonic carbonyl group and is hydrogen or hydroxyl
  • R 5 is hydrogen.
  • Other important compounds are those in which RI is C ⁇ -C ⁇ g-alkyl, R 3 and/or R 4 are each hydrogen or R 3 is an ortho-hydroxy group and Rt is a para-alkoxy group, and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • particularly suitable compounds are the following:
  • Example 1 was repeated except diethyl carbonate (480g) was used instead of dimethyl carbonate yielding 158g (85%) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
  • Example 1 was repeated except heptane (320g) was used instead of cyclohexane yielding 152g (82%) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
  • the product was collected by filtration and washed with dimethyl carbonate/cyclohexane (52/34g) and dried under reduced pressure at 50°C to give 5.8g of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid, and a mother liquor (256g) containing 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid (82.4% by hplc) and 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone (16% by hplc).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Abstract

A process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols of general formula (I) where R1 is hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C2-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy and/or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy and/or halogen, R2 is hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl or benzoyl of general formula (II) where R3 and R4 independently of one another are each hydrogen, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C4-C12 cycloalkylalkyl, cyano, hydroxyl, or hydroxyethyl or are each phenoxy, C7-C10 phenylalkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy and/or halogen, and R5 is hydrogen or the group SO3X where X can be hydrogen, a monovalent metal or a group - N(R6)3, where each of the three radicals R6 can be independently of one another hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 hydroxy alkyl, which process comprises reacting a phenol of general formula (III) where R1 and R2 are as defined above, with a halosulphonic acid in a solvent which is a mixture of a C5-C10 aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and a dialkyl carbonate of general formula (IV) R7-O-CO-O-R8 where R7 and R8 each represent independently a C1-C4 alkyl group.

Description

SULPHONATION OF PHENOLS
This invention relates to a novel and improved process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols.
Suiphonated phenols are widely used as dyes, medical intermediates, photo- developing chemicals and cosmetic preparations. In particular, 4-alkoxy-2- hydroxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acids are suitable as UV absorbers in sun screening preparations.
It is known that phenols can be readily sulphonated with sulphuric acid, sulphur trioxide gas, dialkyl sulphuric acid and chlorosulphonic acid etc. The reaction is usually carried out in a solvent.
Solvents which have been used in the sulphonation of phenols include nitrobenzene, nitromethane, alkyl ethers, cyclic ethers, aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorohydrocarbons and dialkyl carbonates, all of which present undesirable problems. For example, nitro solvents and alkyl ethers have a high risk of explosion and some cyclic ethers are extremely harmful and are not suited for the above mentioned uses of sulphonated phenols.
US Patent No 3468938 and US Patent No 3696077 disclose that 4-alkoxy-2 hydroxybenzophenones are reacted with chlorosulphonic acid in a chlorohydrocarbon solvent, e.g. 1,2 dichlorethane. However, this process has a number of disadvantages. For example, the toxicity of the stated solvents causes problems.
Japanese Patent Application Publication Number H9-227499 describes a method of sulphonating phenols using chlorosulphonic as sulphonating agent and dialkyl carbonates as solvent, e.g. dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and di-isopropyl carbonate. French Patent Application Number 2791057 also describes the use of dialkyl carbonates as a solvent in the preparation of 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenophenone- 5-sulphonic acids. Aryl sulphonic acids are, however, thermally unstable when dissolved in hot dialkyl carbonates leading to degradation, loss of yield and contamination of the product. Moreover, French Patent Application Number 2791057 also states that the use of aliphatic hydrocarbons of 5-8 carbon atoms cause problems of colouration and the formation of by-products which affect the purity of the final product.
US Patent Number 5072034 describes a method of preparing-4-alkoxy-2~ hydroxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acids by reacting a 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzo- phenone with chlorosulphonic acid wherein the reaction is carried out in carboxylic ester solvents, e.g. ethyl acetate. These are not satisfactory solvents because degradation leads to the formation of carboxylic acids which impart undesirable odour to the product.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols which overcomes the disadvantages of the known processes.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols of the general formula I
Figure imgf000004_0001
where R\ is hydrogen, a C C2o alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, CrC2o alkoxy, C2-C2o alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy and/or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by Ci-C alkyl, CrC4 alkoxy and/or halogen, R is hydrogen, -C o alkyl or benzoyl of the general formula II
Figure imgf000005_0001
II
where R3 and 1^ independently of one another are each hydrogen, halogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C C12 alkoxy, CpC haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C4-Cι2 cycloalkylalkyl, cyano, hydroxyl, or hydroxyethyl or are each phenoxy, C -C10 phenylalkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C C4 alkyl, C C alkoxy and/or halogen, and R5 is hydrogen or the group SO3X where X can be hydrogen, a monovalent metal or a group-N(R6)3, where each of the radicals R6 can be independently of one another hydrogen CpCβ alkyl or d-Cβ hydroxy alkyl, which process comprises reacting a phenol of the general formula III
Figure imgf000005_0002
III
where RΪ and R2 are as defined above, with a halosulphonic acid in a solvent which is a mixture of a C5-C10 aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and a dialkyl carbonate of the general formula IV
R7-O-CO-O-R8 IV where R7 and Rg each represent independently a CrC4 alkyl group.
The phenol of the general formula III preferably is catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone or a benzophenone.
The preferred benzophenone is a 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone.
The preferred halosulphonic acid is chlorosulphonic acid.
Preferably, the dialkyl carbonate in the solvent mixture is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or di-isopropyl carbonate.
Further preferably, the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon in the solvent mixture is hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, isooctane, isononane or decane.
The process of the invention conveniently is carried out with an excess of the phenol of general formula III over the halosulphonic acid, preferably an excess of 2 to 5 mol % of the phenol.
The process of the invention furthermore is conveniently carried out with the concentration of phenol of the general formula III in the solvent mixture being 5 to 50% w/w, preferably 15 to 30% w/w.
The dialkyl carbonate solvent and the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent are mixed in a weight ratio of from 10:90 to 90:10, preferably 40:60 to 60:40.
Preferably, the process of the invention is carried out at a temperature between -10°C to 80°C.
Conveniently the sulphonation reaction is carried out at a temperature between 0°C to 30°C and the products from the sulphonation are then raised gradually to 60°C to 70°C to remove acid product from the sulphonation reaction. Further preferably, the sulphonation reaction is carried out under a pressure between 2mm and 760mm.
A particular advantage of using a mixed dialkyl carbonate/aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent according to the invention is that it allows reflux at lower temperatures to facilitate removal of biproduct acid (e.g. HC1) from the sulphonation reactor. A further advantage is that the mixed solvent acts to reduce the solubility of the sulphonated product in the solvent thereby facilitating easy recovery of the product and higher yield of the product. An additional very important benefit of the use of the mixed solvent system is the avoidance of problems of colour and impurities that are observed when an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is used on its own.
Aryl sulphonates are generally not very stable (with regard to desulphonation) when dissolved in, for example, dialkyl carbonate solvents. By carrying out the reaction in the mixed solvent, this leads to reduced degradation due to lower temperatures and precipitation of the product.
In the sulphonation of 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxy benzophenones by the process according to the invention, a sulphonic acid group is, as a rule, introduced into the 4-alkoxy-2- hydroxy nucleus of the starting compound. If the reactivity of the second nucleus has been increased by appropriate substitution with electron donor groups, such as hydroxyl or alkoxy, it is also possible introduce two sulpho radicals. For example, the reaction of 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone with two moles of sulphonating agent gives 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone-5,5'- disulphonic acid.
With regard to the use of 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acids as UV absorbers, particularly preferred radicals are those in which Rj is Ci- g-alkyl, R3 is in the ortho-position to the ketonic carbonyl group and is hydrogen or hydroxyl and R5 is hydrogen. Other important compounds are those in which RI is Cι-Cιg-alkyl, R3 and/or R4 are each hydrogen or R3 is an ortho-hydroxy group and Rt is a para-alkoxy group, and R5 is hydrogen. Regarding their use as UV absorbers, particularly suitable compounds are the following:
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-ethoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-propoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-isopropoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-butoxybenzophenone-5 -sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-isobutoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-sec-butoxybenzophenone-5 -sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-pentyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-hexyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-isohexyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-heptyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-isoheptyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(3,4-dimethyl- 1 -hexyloxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(3 ,5-dimethyl- 1 -hexyloxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(4,5-dimethyl-l-hexyloxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-l-heptyloxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-nonyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-n-decyloxybenzophenone-5 -sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-undecyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-dodecyloxybenzophenone-5-sulρhonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-hexadecyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-n-octadecyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(2-acetoxyethoxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(2-phenbenzoyloxyethoxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-phenylmethyleneoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-(2-phenylethyleneoxy)-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2 ,2 '-dihydroxy-4,4 '-dimethoxybenzophenone-5 -sulphonic acid,
2 ,2 '-dihydroxy-4,4 '-dimethoxybenzophenone-5 ,5 '-sulphonic acid,
2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4'-fluoro-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4 '-methylbenzophenone-5 -sulphonic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-phenoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-chlorobenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxycarbonylmethyleneoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid and 2-hydroxy-4-ethoxycarbonylmethyleneoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
Examples of the Invention
Example 1: Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic Acid
145g (0.634 moles) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 480g dimethyl carbonate and 320 g cyclohexane were charged under nitrogen to a 4-necked one litre reactor fitted with stirrer, thermometer and condenser attached to an HC1 scrubber system. The reaction mixture was heated to 60°C and 70.4g (0.604 moles) of chlorosulphonic acid added over a period of 4h with removal of hydrogen chloride gas. On completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated to 70-72°C for lh, and then cooled to 20°C. The product was collected by filtration and washed with dimethyl carbonate/cyclohexane (2 x 60g/40g) and dried under reduced pressure at 50°C to give 167.5g (90%) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
Example 2: Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic Acid
Example 1 was repeated except diethyl carbonate (480g) was used instead of dimethyl carbonate yielding 158g (85%) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
Example 3; Preparation of 2-Hvdroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic Acid
Example 1 was repeated except heptane (320g) was used instead of cyclohexane yielding 152g (82%) of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
Example 4; Preparation of 2,4-Dihvdroxybenzene sulphonic Acid
15.0g (0.136 moles) of resorcinol, 102g dimethyl carbonate and 68g cyclohexane were charged under nitrogen to a 4-necked one litre reactor fitted with stirrer, thermometer and condenser attached to an HCl scrubber system. The reaction mixture was heated to 60°C and 15. lg (0.13 moles) of chlorosulphonic acid added over a period of 4h with removal of hydrogen chloride gas. On completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated to 70-72°C for lh, and then cooled to 20°C. The reaction mixture separated into two layers with the lower layer containing 2,4-dihydroxybenzene sulphonic Acid (63.2% by hplc) and resorcinol (31.5% by hplc).
Example 5: Preparation of 1,4-Di-hvdroxybenzene sulphonic Acid
15. Og (0.136 moles) of hydroquinone, 102g dimethyl carbonate and 68g cyclohexane were charged under nitrogen to a 4-necked one litre reactor fitted with stirrer, thermometer and condenser attached to an HCl scrubber system. The reaction mixture was heated to 60°C and 15. lg (0.13 moles) of chlorosulphonic acid added over a period of 4h with removal of hydrogen chloride gas. On completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated to 70-72°C for lh, and then cooled to 20°C. The reaction mixture separated into two layers with the lower layer containing 1,4-dihydroxybenzene sulphonic acid (60% by hplc) and hydroquinone (38% by hplc).
Example 6: Preparation of 2,4-Di-hvdroxy-benzophenone-5-sulphonic Acid
29.0g (0.136 moles) of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 102g dimethyl carbonate and
68g cyclohexane were charged under nitrogen to a 4-necked one litre reactor fitted with stirrer, thermometer and condenser attached to an HCl scrubber system. The reaction mixture was heated to 60°C and 15. lg (0.13 moles) of chlorosulphonic acid added over a period of 4h with removal of hydrogen chloride gas. On completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated to 70-72°C for lh, and then cooled to 20°C. The reaction mixture separated into two layers with the lower layer containing 2,4-dihydroxy-benzophenone-5-sulphonic acid (94.8% by hplc) and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (3.4% by hplc).
Example 7: Preparation of 2-Hvdroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic Acid
42.4g (0.13 moles) of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, 102g dimethyl carbonate and 68 g cyclohexane were charged under nitrogen to a 4-necked one litre reactor fitted with stirrer, thermometer and condenser attached to an HCl scrubber system. The reaction mixture was heated to 60°C and 15. lg (0.13 moles) of chlorosulphonic acid added over a period of 2h with removal of hydrogen chloride gas. On completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated to 70-72°C for lh, and then cooled to 20°C. The product was collected by filtration and washed with dimethyl carbonate/cyclohexane (52/34g) and dried under reduced pressure at 50°C to give 5.8g of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid, and a mother liquor (256g) containing 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid (82.4% by hplc) and 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone (16% by hplc).
Examples 8-13
The following table describes the effect of different ratios of dimethyl carbonate
(DMC) and cyclohexane on the recovered yield of 2-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid.
Experimental conditions were as described in Example 1.
Figure imgf000012_0001
Note 1: The product was coloured and very sticky - not isolatable. Note 2: Repeat of Example 1

Claims

A process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols of the general formula I
Figure imgf000013_0001
where Rt is hydrogen, a C1-C20 alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C]-C20 alkoxy, C2-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy and/or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4 alkyl, d-C4 alkoxy and/or halogen, R2 is hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl or benzoyl of the general formula II
Figure imgf000013_0002
II
where R3 and R4 independently of one another are each hydrogen, halogen, d- C12 alkyl, d-Cι alkoxy, d-C4 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C4-C12 cycloalkylalkyl, cyano, hydroxyl, or hydroxyethyl or are each phenoxy, C -C10 phenylalkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by d-C4 alkyl, Ci- C4 alkoxy and/or halogen, and R5 is hydrogen or the group SO3 X where X can be hydrogen, a monovalent metal or a group -N(R$)3, where each of the three radicals R can be independently of one another hydrogen, -Cβ alkyl or d- C6 hydroxy alkyl which process comprises reacting a phenol of the general formula III
Figure imgf000014_0001
III
where
Figure imgf000014_0002
and R2 are as defined above, with a halosulphonic acid in a solvent which is a mixture of a C5-C10 aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and a dialkyl carbonate of the general formula IV
R7-O-CO-O-R8 IV
where R and Rg each represent independently a d-C alkyl group.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the phenol of general formula III is catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone or a benzophenone.
3. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein the benzophenone is a 4-alkoxy-2- hydroxybenzophenone.
4. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the halosulphonic acid is chlorosulphonic acid.
5. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the dialkyl carbonate in the solvent mixture is dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or di- isopropyl carbonate.
6. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon in the solvent mixture is hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, isooctane, isononane or decane.
7. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims carried out with an excess of the phenol of general formula JJI over the halosulphonic acid.
8. A process as claimed in claim 7 carried out with a 2 to 5 mol% excess of the phenol over the halosulphonic acid.
9. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the concentration of the phenol of general formula III in the solvent mixture is 5 to 50% w/w.
10. A process as claimed in claim 9 wherein the concentration of the phenol in the solvent mixture is 15 to 30% w/w.
11. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the dialkyl carbonate solvent and the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent are mixed in a weight ratio of from 10:90 to 90:10.
12. A process as claimed in claim 11 wherein the weight ratio of the dialkyl carbonate solvent to the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is 40:60 to 60:40.
13. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims carried out a temperature between -10°C and 80υC.
14. A process as claimed in claim 13 wherein the sulphonation reaction is carried out at a temperature between 0°C to 30°C and the products of the sulphonation are then raised gradually to 60°C to 70°C to remove acid biproduct from the sulphonation reaction.
15. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims carried out at a pressure between 2mm and 760mm.
PCT/GB2002/004218 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of phenols WO2003027063A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR0212655-9A BR0212655A (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Phenol Sulphonation
DE60230528T DE60230528D1 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of phenols
EP02767644A EP1427697B1 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of phenols
JP2003530654A JP4255377B2 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulfonation of phenols
US10/490,361 US6936732B2 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of phenols
KR1020047004152A KR100881145B1 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of Phenols

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0122903.8 2001-09-22
GBGB0122903.8A GB0122903D0 (en) 2001-09-22 2001-09-22 Sulphonation of phenols

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003027063A1 true WO2003027063A1 (en) 2003-04-03

Family

ID=9922552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/004218 WO2003027063A1 (en) 2001-09-22 2002-09-18 Sulphonation of phenols

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6936732B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1427697B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4255377B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100881145B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1239477C (en)
AT (1) ATE418538T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0212655A (en)
DE (1) DE60230528D1 (en)
GB (1) GB0122903D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2003027063A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114555555A (en) * 2019-10-16 2022-05-27 拜耳公司 Process for preparing 1, 1' -dithioalkanediyl bis (4-fluoro-2-methyl-5-nitrobenzene)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101585786B (en) * 2009-07-09 2012-05-23 江南大学 Method of using SO<3>-air mixture to produce alkylphenol sulfonic acid and salts thereof via film sulfonator sulfonated alkylphenol
CN101624357B (en) * 2009-08-05 2013-01-09 宜都市华阳化工有限责任公司 Method for producing 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid
CN102086164B (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-09-21 黄石市美丰化工有限责任公司 Preparation method of 2-hydroxy-4-methyoxy-benzophenone-5-sulfoacid
CN102796029A (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-28 辽宁石油化工大学 Clean synthesis process for cosmetic grade 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid
CN102872750B (en) * 2012-09-29 2014-05-14 胜利油田中胜环保有限公司 Residual oil sulfonation method
CN102942509B (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-12-04 山东方明药业集团股份有限公司 Synthetic method of etamsylate
CN110655479A (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-07 江苏紫奇化工科技有限公司 Method for synthesizing BP-4 by microreactor
CN109456233A (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-03-12 襄阳金达成精细化工有限公司 A kind of preparation method of ultraviolet absorbing agent UV-284
CN114231274A (en) * 2021-01-11 2022-03-25 新加坡国立大学 Aluminum ion sensing molecular material and application thereof
CN115490618A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-12-20 山东金城医药化工有限公司 Preparation method of sodium paeonol sulfonate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB250241A (en) * 1925-04-01 1927-04-28 I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft
US3468938A (en) * 1966-10-21 1969-09-23 Gaf Corp Method of preparing sulfonated hydroxybenzophenone
FR2791057A1 (en) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-22 3V Sigma Spa Benzophenone sulfonic acids preparation, useful as sunscreens against UV- A and UV-B, comprises reacting non-sulfonated benzophenone with chlorosulfonic acid in dialkylcarbonate solvent medium

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09227499A (en) 1996-02-23 1997-09-02 Konika Chem:Kk Sulfonation of phenols

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB250241A (en) * 1925-04-01 1927-04-28 I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft
US3468938A (en) * 1966-10-21 1969-09-23 Gaf Corp Method of preparing sulfonated hydroxybenzophenone
FR2791057A1 (en) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-22 3V Sigma Spa Benzophenone sulfonic acids preparation, useful as sunscreens against UV- A and UV-B, comprises reacting non-sulfonated benzophenone with chlorosulfonic acid in dialkylcarbonate solvent medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114555555A (en) * 2019-10-16 2022-05-27 拜耳公司 Process for preparing 1, 1' -dithioalkanediyl bis (4-fluoro-2-methyl-5-nitrobenzene)
CN114555555B (en) * 2019-10-16 2024-03-01 拜耳公司 Process for preparing 1,1' -disulfanediylbis (4-fluoro-2-methyl-5-nitrobenzene)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1239477C (en) 2006-02-01
JP2005515970A (en) 2005-06-02
GB0122903D0 (en) 2001-11-14
CN1556792A (en) 2004-12-22
BR0212655A (en) 2004-08-24
KR100881145B1 (en) 2009-02-02
US20050054876A1 (en) 2005-03-10
JP4255377B2 (en) 2009-04-15
DE60230528D1 (en) 2009-02-05
ATE418538T1 (en) 2009-01-15
US6936732B2 (en) 2005-08-30
KR20040035862A (en) 2004-04-29
EP1427697B1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP1427697A1 (en) 2004-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2003027063A1 (en) Sulphonation of phenols
US3952064A (en) Process for producing mercaptophenols
JP2005515970A6 (en) Sulfonation of phenols
AU2009299905B2 (en) Method for producing and purifying trifluoromethanesulfinic acid
Douglass Sulfinic Esters. III. New sulfinic ester synthesis
KR100327530B1 (en) Method for preparing difluoromethoxy arene and difluoromethylthio arene
RU2468004C2 (en) Method of producing metal dihydroxybenzene disulphonates
FR2821352A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF MONO-ETHERS OF ARYL AND ALKYL
KR100543353B1 (en) Manufacturing method of halogeno-O-hydroxydiphenyl compound
Cronyn Sulfones. I. Methods for the Preparation of Certain Alkanes, Alkenes, Acids and Lactones with Bis-(ethylsulfonyl)-methane1
RU2131413C1 (en) Beta-aminovinyl ketones and method of preparing thereof
CA1059139A (en) Preparation of ethylamine derivatives
Sparke et al. Derivatives of sulfenic acids. XII. Studies of α-nitro sulfides. Part 3
JPH083130A (en) Production of 4-fluorothiophenol
US20110263903A1 (en) Process for preparing 4,4&#39;-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone
RU2312097C1 (en) Method for preparing symmetric di-(polyfluoroalkyl) esters
JP2005532406A (en) Nitrophenol production method
JP2003104926A (en) Method for producing alkyl ether of hydroquinones
US6673974B1 (en) Process for production of 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
KR950013107B1 (en) Process for the preparatio of 2-nitro-5-phenoxy-n-alkylsulfonyl benzamides by nitration
IL150403A (en) Process for the preparation of alpha-(2-4-disulfophenyl)-n-tert- butylnitrone and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof
US20080064900A1 (en) Process for preparing fluorinated acids
Brace Preparation, reactions and physical properties of segmented 2-(perfluoroalkyl) ethanesulfinic acids and their derivatives. The role of the perfluoroalkyl group in finding new and useful compounds and in searching out new chemistry
ITBG990013A1 (en) PORCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF BENZOPHENONSOLPHONIC ACIDS.
FR2794458A1 (en) New 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-2,6,8-nonatrienal useful as intermediate for retinal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC PT SE SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 588/CHENP/2004

Country of ref document: IN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2002767644

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 20028185420

Country of ref document: CN

Ref document number: 2003530654

Country of ref document: JP

Ref document number: 1020047004152

Country of ref document: KR

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2002767644

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 10490361

Country of ref document: US