WO2003026831A2 - Procede et dispositif pour marquer au laser des supports de donnees, notamment des corps de cartes - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour marquer au laser des supports de donnees, notamment des corps de cartes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003026831A2
WO2003026831A2 PCT/DE2002/003627 DE0203627W WO03026831A2 WO 2003026831 A2 WO2003026831 A2 WO 2003026831A2 DE 0203627 W DE0203627 W DE 0203627W WO 03026831 A2 WO03026831 A2 WO 03026831A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
opening
raster
data carrier
laser beam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/003627
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003026831A3 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Fischer
Michael Hennemeyer-Schwenker
Frank Kappe
Andreas Migge
Horst Rahne
Original Assignee
Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh filed Critical Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh
Priority to AU2002339324A priority Critical patent/AU2002339324A1/en
Publication of WO2003026831A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003026831A2/fr
Publication of WO2003026831A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003026831A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
    • G06K1/126—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by photographic or thermographic registration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G06K15/028—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by thermal printers
    • G06K15/029—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by thermal printers using optical beams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G06K15/12—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by photographic printing, e.g. by laser printers
    • G06K15/1295—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by photographic printing, e.g. by laser printers using a particular photoreceptive medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for laser inscription of data carriers, in particular card bodies, according to the preamble of the respective independent patent claim.
  • Grayscale images are usually generated by point density modulation with constant laser power or laser power modulation with constant point density. With dot density modulation, all pixels have the same blackening; the number of pixels per unit area determines the grayscale. In laser power modulation, the modulation of the power of the laser beam generates pixels with different degrees of blackening and thus gray levels.
  • the pixels and labeling areas produced in a conventional manner do not have a homogeneous or uniform blackening. Rather, the pixels and labeling areas are usually blacker in the middle than at the edge. If such pixels or labeling areas are joined directly, it can be seen with the naked eye that the pixels or labeling areas have been "pieced together".
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for laser inscription of data carriers, in particular card bodies, which enables the production of 5 inscription surfaces and / or inscription points, the surface of which is largely uniformly blackened and / or colored.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is that of .5 a conventional laser for laser marking of
  • Data carriers such as in particular card bodies for chip and / or identity cards, to modify or homogenize emerging laser radiation by a so-called homogenizing agent.
  • the aim of the modification or homogenization according to the invention is to obtain a laser beam for inscription which has a largely homogeneous or step-like power density distribution along its beam cross section.
  • this is preferably achieved by using a glass fiber with a plurality of propagation modes, such as in particular a multimode glass fiber. If the laser beam of such a conventional laser is passed through such a glass fiber, it shows from the glass fiber
  • a glass fiber in particular a multimode glass fiber, is preferably bent and / or twisted and / or
  • the power density distribution has a largely step-like power density distribution along the cross section of the laser beam emerging from the glass fiber.
  • the power density is largely constant along the cross section of the laser beam and largely drops abruptly at the edge.
  • pixels and / or image areas on data carriers can be generated by a laser beam generated according to the invention with a largely homogeneous power density distribution, which have a largely homogeneous or uniform blackening and / or coloring, e.g. B. have a different color than black.
  • the diaphragms according to the invention allow individual pixels and / or image areas produced according to the invention to be combined to form text and / or image information. If the pixels and / or image areas produced according to the invention are made correspondingly small, it cannot be seen with the naked eye that the text and / or image information has been combined from several individual labeling elements according to the invention.
  • the precise assembly of the labeling elements according to the invention can represent, for example, an authenticity feature of a data carrier, such as in particular a chip and / or identification card or the like.
  • the arrangement of labeling elements according to the invention for. B. two or more labeling elements of different shape and / or size, represent an easily recognizable coding of the data carrier.
  • This arrangement of labeling elements according to the invention can then be scanned using a scanner and the coding can be detected and decoded using suitable software.
  • the decoded Information can then z. B. can be compared with plain text information provided on the data carrier.
  • the portrait of a person on the disk e.g. B. an ID card
  • a code that represents the name of the person and / or other data of the person, such as the date of birth.
  • this information can then be shown, for example, on a display or the like and compared with information, for example on the data carrier. This makes it possible to check whether the portrait and the identity card belong together.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic principle of a laser marking device according to the invention with a multimode glass fiber
  • Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 in which the emerging from the multimode glass fiber
  • Laser beam is deflected onto the surface of a card body via deflection devices and a lens;
  • Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the between the output of the multimode glass fiber and the
  • FIG. 4 shows the letter "A" in a first embodiment, that with the one shown in FIG. 3, laser marking device according to the invention has been generated using a first aperture on the surface of the card body;
  • Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the letter "A", with that shown in Fig. 3
  • Laser marking device has been created using a second aperture on the surface of the card body
  • FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the letter "A", which was produced with a laser marking device according to FIG. 3 using a third aperture on the surface of the card body;
  • FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the letter "A" which has been generated with the laser marking device according to FIG. 3 and a fourth aperture on the card body;
  • Fig. 8 is a portrait, which was created by means of the laser marking device shown in Fig. 3 and a fifth aperture on the card body, the portrait consisting of triangles and squares
  • Fig. 9 an aperture with a square opening, the size of which is adjustable
  • FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the letter “A”, which was produced with the laser marking device according to FIG. 3 and an adjustable diaphragm on the card body; 11 shows a plan view of a first coarse grid with a plurality of uniformly arranged, relatively large, square partial openings, the grid being placed over the letter “A” to be labeled according to FIG. 10 and in the detected large one
  • Halftone dots are cross-hatched
  • Fig. 12 is a plan view of a second central grid with a plurality of the same central square
  • FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a third fine grid with a plurality of relatively small square partial openings, the grid being placed over the letter “A” to be labeled according to FIG. 10 and in which detected small grid points are hatched,
  • FIG. 14 shows the letter “A” corresponding to FIG. 10, which is generated by the sum of the rasters produced according to FIGS. 11 to 13.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic principle of an inventive
  • Laser marking device 100 in a first
  • the laser marking device 100 has a conventional laser 101, the laser beam 102 of which is coupled into the input of a multimode glass fiber 104 via an optical system 103.
  • the power density of the laser beam 102 emerging from the laser 101 is a function of the location in the beam cross section specified.
  • the diagram on the left shows a Gaussian power density distribution in the beam cross section of the laser 101, ie the power density of the laser beam 102 has its maximum in the middle of the beam cross section and flattens out towards the edges of the beam cross section.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of a laser with a Gaussian power density distribution. If such a conventional laser beam of sufficient power strikes a known card body which is suitable for laser inscription, a pixel is formed which, due to the Gaussian power density distribution, has an increasing blackening from the edge to the center.
  • a suitable data carrier such as in particular a
  • the card body which has a largely homogeneous or uniform blackening and / or coloring, is provided according to the invention in the multimode glass fiber 104.
  • the multimode glass fiber 104 is preferably subjected to a mechanical stress such that it is arranged in a loop and / or twisted and / or bent, for example, such that the laser beam 105 emerging from the multimode glass fiber 104 has a power density distribution in the beam cross section that is largely step-like, as in that right diagram of Fig. 1 shown.
  • the diagram on the right like the diagram on the left, shows the power density of the laser beam in question as a function of the location in the laser cross section.
  • Laser beam 105 is generated, the power density of which is ideally largely constant along its beam cross section and abruptly drops to zero at the edge (step-shaped power density curve). If such a laser beam generated according to the invention strikes the surface of a suitable one Data carrier, such as in particular a known, suitable card body, it generates a pixel or an image surface which has a largely homogeneous or uniform blackening and / or coloring.
  • a suitable one Data carrier such as in particular a known, suitable card body
  • the optics 103 have one or more optical lenses. Since the multimode optical fiber 104 allows different modes to propagate, ideally a uniform distribution of the optical power of the laser can occur
  • the multimode glass fiber be a mechanical one
  • the multimode glass fiber is preferably arranged in one or more loops which have a suitable bending radius.
  • the multimode glass fiber is preferably a step index glass fiber.
  • a step index glass fiber according to the invention has a refractive index transversely to the longitudinal axis or direction of propagation, which is abruptly increased in the fiber core compared to the surrounding glass fiber.
  • FIG. 2 shows a laser marking device which is compared to that in FIG. 1 shown embodiment around a deflection device 201, in particular a so-called x scanner mirror, and a deflection device 202, in particular
  • Objective 203 has one or more optical lenses.
  • the divergent 55 light beam emerging from the multimode glass fiber 104 is transmitted via the deflection device 201
  • Deflection device 202 and lens 203 are directed onto a data carrier, such as, in particular, a suitable card body 204.
  • the optical path lengths are preferably dimensioned such that the optical power at the multimode glass fiber end is imaged on the surface of the card body 204.
  • the deflection devices 201 and 202 for example x and y scanner mirrors, are preferably mounted as close as possible behind the glass fiber in order to transmit the entire optical power of the divergent beam path.
  • the optical path length between the end of the multimode glass fiber 104 and that is in accordance with the optical imaging law Lens 203 to be selected equal to the distance between lens 203 and the surface of the card body 204.
  • FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2
  • Embodiment of the invention in that between the end of the multimode glass fiber 104 and the deflection device 201 there is an optical system 301 and a diaphragm or diaphragm device 302 in the beam path.
  • the optics 301 serve to bring the available light output as far as possible through the aperture delimiting the optical system.
  • the aperture device 302 can be an arrangement of one or more apertures, as described in more detail below.
  • the opening of a diaphragm of the diaphragm device 302 is imaged on the surface of the card body 204.
  • Laser marking device 300 by using an aperture both the shape and the size of the opening or the cross section of the aperture can be freely defined.
  • a glass fiber or the end of a glass fiber has
  • 5 a defined, usually a circular or elliptical cross-section. If a corresponding screen is used, other geometric shapes can also be reproduced or generated on a card body.
  • the components of the laser marking device 300 are arranged such that the optics 301 spread the entire cross-sectional area at the end of the optical fiber 104 onto the deflection devices 201 and 202 or the scanner mirrors
  • L5 depicts.
  • the opening of the diaphragm 302 is imaged on the card body 204 via the lens 203.
  • the optics 301 are dimensioned such that the aperture 302 is completely and largely homogeneously illuminated. In this case, an image of the opening of the aperture 302 is formed on the card body
  • Aperture opening and image size on the card body is equal to the ratio of the distance between the aperture and lens 203 or the distance between the lens 203 and the card body.
  • the aperture of the diaphragm 302 is made square, a sharply delimited, uniformly or homogeneously blackened and / or colored surface, as in FIG.
  • Generate laser marking device 300 on the card body 204 If the opening of the diaphragm 302 is, for example, honeycomb-shaped or hexagonal, it is also possible to close one of the pixels 501 by closely joining them together
  • the letter "A" shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was successively composed of squares 4.01 or hexagonal honeycombs 501 of the same size by corresponding laser irradiation. This causes the sloping ones to appear
  • an aperture or aperture device 302 can be used, the opening cross section of which can be variably adjusted.
  • a raster device 10 is provided, by means of which marking points of different sizes can be produced in a targeted manner.
  • the raster process effected by means of the raster device 10 enables a reduction in the printing time.
  • the number of labeling points is minimized depending on the shape of the character to be labeled.
  • the grid device 10 is designed as a square grid device with a plurality of L5 square partial openings.
  • the partial openings can have a different geometric shape, for example be linear, point-shaped, etc.
  • the labeling of lettering characters takes place in two steps.
  • scanning of the letter is carried out by means of the raster device 10 using a first coarse grid 11, a second
  • bitmap black and white character template
  • a second step then the lettering of the letter "A", as shown in FIG. 10, is carried out, with lettering points of different sizes being generated by the raster process.
  • a first raster 11 or a first template 15 with a plurality of relatively large square partial openings 16 of the same dimension are placed over the inscription 17 in a first step. If a partial opening 16 of the mask 15 completely coincides with a partial area of the source image of the inscription symbol 17 shown in FIG. 10, corresponding first large inscription points 19 are generated and stored in a first partial image 20. In the present exemplary embodiment, two large labeling points 19 have been detected, which are shown hatched for differentiation.
  • a second raster 12 or a second template 21 with a plurality of central square partial openings 22 of the same dimension is placed over the source image 17 modified as a result of the first raster process.
  • this modified source image the areas 19 of the inscription character 17 captured by the first template 15 are left out because these areas of the character 17 are already reserved for the raster image to be formed.
  • a second source image 23 can be generated with a plurality of middle labeling points 24.
  • the now modified source image is scanned by means of a third raster 13 or a third template 25 with a plurality of small partial openings 26.
  • the partial openings 26 are chosen to be small enough to ensure a sufficiently large resolution of the source image 17 .
  • a third partial image 27 is thus formed with a plurality of small labeling points 28.
  • the accuracy of the reproduction of the source image 17 or the labeling of the source image 17 is determined by the size of the small partial openings 26.
  • the edge lengths of the other partial openings 16, 22 of the templates 15 and 21 form an integral multiple of the edge length of the small partial opening 26 of the third template 25.
  • the described raster or scanning method is carried out electronically by means of a raster program, by means of which stencils 15, 21, 25 are successively brought into alignment with the source image 17 and the corresponding partial images 20, 23, 27 are detected.
  • the source image 17 is scanned line by line or column by column.
  • the corresponding partial images 20, 23, 27 are generated with the corresponding raster points 19, 24, 28, the regions of the source image 17 captured by the raster points 19, 24 being removed for the next scanning process. This ensures that the next template 21, 25 does not capture areas of the source image 17 that have already been captured by the previous template 15, 21.
  • the line-by-line scanning point becomes each moved further by the edge length of the partial opening 16, 22, 2 relevant for the respective mask 15, 21, 25.
  • the computing time can be reduced, in particular in the case of the relatively large grid openings 16.
  • the raster image 14 is stored in a label database.
  • a raster scanning method can be used to label a correspondingly stored character, in which the differently large labeling points 19, 24, 28 are applied to the card surface.
  • the laser beam is guided line by line according to the specified raster image.
  • the scanning by means of the raster process can also take place during the actual labeling process, the labeling being carried out by means of the laser labeling device 300 after the optimized composition of the differently sized screen dots 19, 24, 28 has been identified.
  • Raster method consists in that by applying different rasters or stencils to the character to be labeled, labeling points of different sizes can be recognized, which leads to a time optimization of the subsequent labeling process.
  • the raster program thus generates a number of templates which are placed over the source image 17, which is in electronic form. If a raster opening or a raster 19, 24, 28 completely coincides with a partial area of the source image 17, this raster point 19, 24, 28 is stored and used in the
  • FIG. 9 A further specific embodiment of a diaphragm device 302 is shown in FIG. 9. This is an aperture that is composed of segments 901 and 902. These segments can be moved towards and away from each other 5, ie execute opposite movements 903.
  • Such an aperture has the advantage that the size of a labeling point can be set anywhere between the minimum and L0 of the maximum aperture.
  • the diaphragm which is variable in cross section, is realized by a rotating body described in more detail in DE 44 29 110 C2, which is adjusted by L5, a so-called galvo scanner.
  • Using a galvo scanner is advantageous because it can be positioned quickly and precisely.
  • the turret device accommodates panels with openings of different sizes.
  • the correct aperture is brought into the imaging beam path by quickly rotating the turret device during the exposure pauses or between the laser pulses of the laser 101 25.
  • a diaphragm which is variable in its cross section is provided with diaphragms
  • the diaphragms brought into the beam path can be changed as desired between two successive 35 laser pulses. If one is faster If it should not be possible to change between the diaphragms, the first diaphragm opening, for example the largest aperture, and then the second diaphragm opening, for example the smallest aperture, can be used for laser marking.
  • the diaphragm which is variable in its cross section, is realized by a so-called digital mirror device (DMD).
  • DMD digital mirror device
  • Such a digital mirror device is known from US Pat. No. 4,441,761 and is therefore not explained in more detail here.
  • the coherent laser beam from a conventional laser 101 for laser marking a data carrier or card body 204 strikes a DMD, diffraction occurs at its micromirrors with dimensions in the ⁇ m range. Diffraction creates several diffraction maxima in addition to the zero order diffraction maximum. For laser marking, the higher order diffraction maxima would have to be filtered out. As a result, however, only part of the laser power output by the laser 101 would be usable.
  • the coherence or the defined phase / time relationship of the laser beam is eliminated and disadvantageous diffraction does not occur at the DMD, which serves as a diaphragm 302 in one embodiment of the invention.
  • a DMD as a variable diaphragm 302 in the laser marking device 300 shown in FIG. 3 permits the successive production of the letter "A" 700 shown in FIG. 7 on the basis of pixels or areas arranged in a tiled shape, of which the pixels 701 to 707 are exemplary are shown under the letter "A" in higher resolution. Comparing FIGS. 6 and 7, it is noticeable that a DMD increases the sharpness can produce a contoured letter that is nevertheless composed of individual pixels.
  • a DMD can be used as an intensity modulator of the laser power of a conventional laser 101. This can be particularly useful if its laser power cannot be changed from pulse to pulse.
  • a corresponding number of micromirrors is set so that it couples the power out of the imaging beam path. For example, if only every second DMD mirror is activated, the laser power of a pixel depicted on the data carrier to be labeled is reduced by 50 percent. If, for example, eight micromirrors on a DMD are combined to form a pixel or pixel, 256 gray levels can be generated in this way. Since the DMD component has significantly more mirrors, current embodiments have 1024 x 768 mirrors, for example, the properties described above can be used.
  • an LCD component in transmission is used as an aperture 302 instead of a DMD operated in reflection.
  • the individually electrically controllable elements determine the shape of the object, for. B. a letter that is mapped to the data carrier and generated by a conventional laser 101 and a laser marking device 300 according to the invention on the data carrier or card body 204 by blackening and / or coloring the relevant point on the surface of the card body.
  • an LCD component mirrored on the rear side can also be operated in reflection and used as an aperture.
  • FIG. 8 shows a portrait that, according to the invention, was composed of triangles and squares and was generated on the card body 204 by means of the laser inscription device 300 shown in FIG.
  • Such a diaphragm device 302 can be realized, for example, by a turret device, a slide or a linearly displaceable holder, in which two or more diaphragms with a predetermined opening, in the present example a first diaphragm with a square opening and a second diaphragm with a triangular opening, thereon are mounted. These diaphragms are then alternately brought into the beam path of the laser marking device 300 when the portrait is successively written on the card body 204. If the area of the two different basic elements of the portrait is identical, their gray value impression (with the same laser power) is also identical. In contrast to the portrait shown enlarged in FIG.
  • the individual pixels can preferably not be resolved with the naked eye.
  • an irregular arrangement of such or other geometric shapes which represents encoded information provided in the portrait.
  • the binary value "0" can be assigned to a square and the binary value "1" to a triangle.
  • a digit sequence of zeros and ones could then be obtained by line-by-line scanning, decrypted using suitable software and compared with information stored or provided on the data carrier; in particular to check the authenticity of the data carrier.
  • the described method is not limited to the storage of binary information. Rather, by using more than two various types of apertures also represent information in the 3, 4, 5, etc. number system.
  • Laser marking device 300 uses an aperture 302 that has an opening with a more complicated geometric shape.
  • a more complex geometrical shape is to be understood as a shape whose outline is less regular than a square or hexagon. With such a more complicated geometric shape, it is generally not possible to produce a uniform, homogeneous surface on a card body 204, but the corresponding geometric shape can represent, for example, a logo, a coat of arms or the like.
  • the pixels generated by the laser 101 of the laser marking device 300 also have the shape of the more complicated geometric shape. If the pixels are so small that they cannot be resolved with the naked eye, then the labeling according to the invention cannot easily be distinguished from the labeling using a conventional laser labeling system. Only through the enlarged view, e.g. B.
  • the method of labeling according to the invention by generating a large number of more complicated or complex geometric figures can be used both for the production of alphanumeric characters and for the production of halftone images, such as portraits.
  • a complex aperture can e.g. B. can be realized by a mask that can be produced for example with a photolithographic process.
  • the invention does not apply to laser marking for producing black / white and / or gray value / halftone elements on data carriers or card bodies is limited. Rather, the method according to the invention can also be used for colored laser marking.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour réaliser un marquage sur un support de données, notamment un corps de carte (204) au moyen d'un faisceau laser (102) émis par un dispositif laser (101). Selon l'invention, pour réaliser des surfaces et/ou des points de marquage, dont la surface est en grande partie noircie et/ou colorée de manière homogène, la répartition de la puissance volumique du faisceau laser (102) ou d'une partie de ce dernier est homogénéisée dans la section du faisceau par un agent d'homogénéisation, notamment une fibre optique multimode (104).
PCT/DE2002/003627 2001-09-25 2002-09-25 Procede et dispositif pour marquer au laser des supports de donnees, notamment des corps de cartes WO2003026831A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002339324A AU2002339324A1 (en) 2001-09-25 2002-09-25 Method and device for laser inscription of data carriers, especially the bodies of cards

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10147037A DE10147037A1 (de) 2001-09-25 2001-09-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Laserbeschriftung von Datenträgern, insbesondere Kartenkörper
DE10147037.1 2001-09-25

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WO2003026831A2 true WO2003026831A2 (fr) 2003-04-03
WO2003026831A3 WO2003026831A3 (fr) 2003-11-13

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EP2196839A1 (fr) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-16 Spectral Applied Research Fibre multimode couplant optiquement un module de source de radiations à un microscope confocal multifocal
US8275226B2 (en) 2008-12-09 2012-09-25 Spectral Applied Research Ltd. Multi-mode fiber optically coupling a radiation source module to a multi-focal confocal microscope
US9134519B2 (en) 2008-12-09 2015-09-15 Spectral Applied Reseach Inc. Multi-mode fiber optically coupling a radiation source module to a multi-focal confocal microscope
US8670178B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2014-03-11 Spectral Applied Research Inc. Imaging distal end of multimode fiber
EP2510395B1 (fr) * 2009-12-08 2015-09-09 Spectral Applied Research Inc. Extrémité distale d'imagerie d'une fibre multimodale

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