WO2003015391A2 - Method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image - Google Patents
Method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003015391A2 WO2003015391A2 PCT/IL2002/000641 IL0200641W WO03015391A2 WO 2003015391 A2 WO2003015391 A2 WO 2003015391A2 IL 0200641 W IL0200641 W IL 0200641W WO 03015391 A2 WO03015391 A2 WO 03015391A2
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019642 color hue Nutrition 0.000 description 74
- 101100328361 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) clr2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 101100328362 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) clr3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 101100384239 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) clr6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/68—Circuits for processing colour signals for controlling the amplitude of colour signals, e.g. automatic chroma control circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
- H04N23/84—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals
- H04N23/86—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals for controlling the colour saturation of colour signals, e.g. automatic chroma control circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/643—Hue control means, e.g. flesh tone control
Definitions
- the present invention relates to color control of real time digital video images and, more particularly, to a method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue and saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.
- Controlling colors in a displayed real time digital video image is typically performed by changing the hue, and/or, by increasing or decreasing the saturation of the colors or color components of the real time digital video image.
- an 'individual color' represents a linear combination of colors or color components, such as red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, and magenta, where, in RGB color space, the basic colors or color components are red, green, and blue, which are used for defining and evaluating the complementary colors or color components yellow, cyan, and magenta, and, in YCM color space, the basic colors or color components are yellow, cyan, and magenta, which are used for defining and evaluating the complementary colors or color components red, green, and blue.
- the term 'hue' refers to the angle between one color or color component and other colors or color components characterized in a particular color space, for example, RGB color space, featuring a color based three-dimensional coordinate system, within a real time digital video input image.
- Hue is also referred to as tint, or, as a gradation or shade of a color or color component.
- the term 'saturation' refers to the intensity of a color or color component characterized in a particular color space, for example, RGB color space, featuring a color based three-dimensional coordinate system, within a real time digital video input image. Saturation is also referred to as vividness of hue.
- real time digital video images feature colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the basic colors red, green, and blue, in RGB color space.
- real time digital video images feature colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the basic colors yellow, cyan, and magenta, in YCM color space.
- real time digital video images feature colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the chromatic parts, Cr and Cb, also known in the art as U and N, respectively, in YCrCb or YUV luminance/chromatic color space, respectively.
- one format of a real time digital video image display can be transformed to another format by using appropriate linear combination functions.
- a user may desire to adjust or change the hue or saturation of an individual (single) color or color component of the real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color or color component ofthe same real time digital video image.
- a user may desire to adjust the hue or saturation of only one color, such as red, green, blue, yellow, magenta, or, cyan, of a real time digital video image displayed on a television screen, by pushing or turning a color hue or color saturation or intensity control button or dial on a control device associated with the television screen.
- controlling hue or saturation of an individual color by this procedure affects the hue and/or saturation of all the colors or color components of the television image, and not just the hue or saturation of the individual color desired to be changed by the user.
- Each input image pixel value, defined from the chromatic part of the digital video input image, is assigned an address to be operated on by values in individual color LUTs. For a desired change in an individual color of that image, a new digital video output image is produced featuring the desired change in the individual color without affecting the remaining colors of that same image.
- Application ofthe disclosed method to display of digital video images precludes the need to convert video components (for example, YCrCb) into RGB (red, green, blue) components.
- Selective color control using the just described method enables viewers of real time digital video images to do two things currently not achievable using conventional methods of color control of real time digital video images. Firstly, to very accurately set or adjust individual colors of a given real time digital video image to the actual colors of the subject of the image, and, secondly, to very accurately modify or alter colors of a given video image. to produce desired special effects in that real time digital video image.
- the just described method is notably limited because there is description of selectively controlling only the saturation or intensity, and not the hue, of individual colors of real time digital video images.
- the disclosed method is based on using an algorithm which is particularly described with respect to real time digital video images featuring colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the chromatic parts, Cr and Cb, or, U and N, in YCrCb or YUV luminance/chromatic color space, and there is no particular description with respect to other formats of real time digital video images, such as the RGB or YCM color space formats.
- the present invention relates to a method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.
- a method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image comprising the steps of: (a) receiving and characterizing the real time digital video input image featuring input image pixels; (b) selecting to independently change the hue or the saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, by selecting an independent color hue control delta value or an independent color saturation control delta value, respectively, wherein the independent color hue control delta value represents an extent of change in the hue of the selected individual color and wherein the independent color saturation control delta value represents an extent of change in the saturation of the selected individual color; (c) identifying a plurality of the input image pixels having the selected individual color in the real time digital video input image with the hue or the saturation selected to be independently changed, by performing arithmetic and logical operations using input image pixel values of each input image pixel of the real time digital video input image; (d) determining corresponding output image pixel values for each ofthe plurality of the input image pixels identified as having the selected individual color in the real time digital video
- a system for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image comprising: (a) a real time digital video image display device displaying the real time digital video image featuring input image pixels; (b) a master control device in operative electronic communication with and controlling the real time digital video image display device; and (c) a viewer of the real time digital video image display device operating the master control device for selecting to independently change the hue or the saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, by selecting an independent color hue control delta value or an independent color saturation control delta value featured on the master control device, respectively, wherein the independent color hue control delta value represents an extent of change in the hue of the selected individual color and wherein the independent color saturation control delta value represents an extent of change in the saturation of the selected individual color, whereby the real time digital video image display device in the operative electronic communication with the master control device performs steps including: (i) identifying a plurality of the input image pixels having the selected individual color in the real time digital video input image
- the real time digital video input image is of a format selected from the group consisting of RGB format, YCrCb format, and, YU format, whereby the individual colors of one format can be characterized by the individual colors of a second format by using appropriate linear transformations between the formats.
- the real time digital video input image features basic colors red, green, and blue, and, complementary colors yellow, cyan, and magenta, in RGB color space, whereby values of the complementary colors are expressed in terms of and evaluated from linear combinations of values ofthe basic colors.
- the real time digital video input image features basic colors yellow, cyan, and magenta. and, complementary colors red, green, and blue, in YCM color space, whereby values of the complementary colors are expressed in terms of and evaluated from linear combinations of values ofthe basic colors.
- the present invention successfully overcomes limitations of presently known techniques and methods for real time controlling color, in general, and independently controlling color components such as hue and saturation, in particular, of real time digital video images.
- Independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image, enables viewers of video images to do two things currently not achievable using conventional methods for controlling color of real time digital video images.
- Implementation of the method of the present invention for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image involves performing or completing selected tasks or steps manually, automatically, or a combination thereof.
- several selected steps ofthe present invention could be performed by hardware, by software on any operating system of any firmware, or a combination thereof.
- selected steps ofthe invention could be performed by a computerized network, a computer, a computer chip, an electronic i circuit, hard-wired circuitry, or a combination thereof, involving any number of digital and/or analog, electrical and/or electronic, components, operations, and protocols.
- selected steps of the invention could be performed by a data processor, such as a computing platform, executing a plurality of computer program types of software instructions or protocols using any suitable computer operating system.
- the present invention relates to a method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.
- the method of the present invention introduces the novelty of independently controlling hue, in addition to, but separate from, controlling saturation, of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.
- This is accomplished, in part, by selecting a uniquely defined independent color hue control delta value or a uniquely defined independent color saturation control delta value, where the delta value represents an extent or magnitude of change in hue or saturation, respectively, of the selected individual color, and, in part, by separately evaluating uniquely defined independent color hue control functions or uniquely defined independent color saturation control functions, using input image pixel values of the plurality of input image pixels identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, and using the corresponding selected independent color hue control delta value or the corresponding selected independent color saturation control delta value, respectively, for forming and displaying a corresponding plurality of output image pixels having the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the order or sequence of steps of operation or implementation, set forth in the following description.
- the following description particularly refers to real time digital video images featuring colors or color components characterized by linear combinations ofthe basic colors red, green, and, blue, in RGB color space, which are used for defining and evaluating the complementary colors or color components yellow, cyan, and magenta, in the RGB color space, in order to illustrate implementation of the present invention.
- the method of the present invention is applicable to other formats of real time digital video images featuring colors or color components characterized by individual colors or color components in other types of color space, such as real time digital video images featuring colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the basic colors yellow, cyan, and magenta, in YCM color space, or, real time digital video images featuring color components characterized by chromatic parts, Cr and Cb, or, U and N, in YCrCb or YUN luminance/chromatic color space, by applying appropriate linear transformations between the RGB color space and the YCM, or, the YCrCb or YUV luminance/chromatic color space. Accordingly, the invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
- the method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, of the present invention is herein disclosed for the first time, and is neither anticipated or obviously derived from the "Method Of Selective Color Control Of Digital Video Images", as disclosed by the same inventor in PCT International Patent Application Publication No. WO/00052938, or in the priority U.S. Patent No. 6,122,012.
- Step (a) of the method of the present invention there is receiving and characterizing a real time digital video input image.
- a real time digital video input image, I featuring colors or color components characterized by linear combinations of the basic colors red, green, and blue, in RGB color space
- the real time digital video input image, I features basic colors red, green, and blue, and, complementary colors yellow, cyan, and magenta, in the RGB color space featuring a color based three-dimensional coordinate system.
- the method of the present invention is applicable to other formats, such as YCM. YCrCb, or YUN formats, of real time digital video images featuring colors or color components characterized by individual colors or color components in other types of color space, such as YCM, YCrCb or YUN color spaces, respectively, by using appropriate linear transformations between color spaces. ?
- I[i,j: R, n , G, n , B, n ] represents each of a plurality of input image pixels of the real time digital video input image, I, which can be plotted in an input grid of a real time digital video image display device, whose position coordinates in the input grid are indicated by row i, and column j.
- position indices (i,j) are preferably limited to the input image size as follows: i: 0,1,2, . . . M-l; and j: 0,1,2, . . . N-l.
- indices i and j are real or integer.
- I[i,j: R ⁇ n , Gj n , Bj n ] individual basic colors or color components, red, green, and blue, have color or color component values represented by the terms R, n , Gj n , and Bj n , respectively, and, individual complementary colors or color components yellow, cyan, and magenta, have color or color component values represented by the terms Y ⁇ n , Q n , and M !n , respectively.
- Color or color component values, Y ⁇ n , Cj n , and M ⁇ , of the individual complementary colors or color components, yellow, cyan, and magenta, respectively, are expressed in terms of, and evaluated from, linear combinations of the color or color component values, R ⁇ n , G ⁇ n , and Bj n , of the individual basic colors or color components, red, green, and blue, respectively.
- Step (b) there is selecting to independently change hue or saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, by selecting an independent color hue control delta value or an independent color saturation control delta value, respectively, where the independent color hue control delta value represents an extent or magnitude of change in hue of the selected individual color, and, where the independent color saturation control delta value represents an extent or magnitude of change in saturation of the selected individual color.
- the extent or magnitude of change in hue, herein, also referred to as ⁇ ', of the selected individual color, herein also referred to as 'clr', is represented by an independent color hue control delta value, herein generally indicated as Heir, where the term 'clr' is symbolic of a particular selected individual color, such as red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, or, magenta, in the real time digital video input image, I. Accordingly, there is an independent color hue control delta value, Heir, assigned to each color or color component in the real time digital video input image, I, whose hue is potentially to be changed.
- Hr, Hg, Hb, Hy, He, and Hm representing the independent color hue control delta values of red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, and, magenta, respectively.
- the numerical range, represented by an interval, [hi, h2], where hi and h2 are integers, of the independent color hue control delta value, Heir, in general, and of each Hr, Hg, Hb, Hy, He, and Hm, in particular, is arbitrary.
- the numerical range of Heir, in general, and of each Hr, Hg, Hb, Hy, He, and Hm, in particular, is between -1 and +1, corresponding to the interval [-1,+1], which is equivalent to any other interval, [hi, h2], by performing linear or non-linear transformation between these particular intervals.
- the extent or magnitude of change in saturation, herein, also referred to by 'S', of the selected individual color, clr, is represented by an independent color saturation control delta value, herein generally indicated as Sclr, where, as previously described, the term 'clr' is symbolic of a particular selected individual color, such as red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, or, magenta, in the real time digital video input image, I. Accordingly, there is an independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr, assigned to each color or color component in the real time digital video input image, I, whose saturation is potentially to be changed.
- Sr, Sg, Sb, Sy, Sc, and Sm representing the independent color saturation control delta values of red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, and, magenta, respectively.
- the numerical range, represented by an interval, [si, s2], where si and s2 are integers, of the independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr, in general, and of each Sr, Sg, Sb, Sy, Sc, and Sm, in particular, is arbitrary.
- the numerical range of Sclr, in general, and of each Sr, Sg, Sb, Sy, Sc, and Sm, in particular, is between -1 and +1, corresponding to the interval [-1,+1], which is equivalent to any other interval, [si, s2], by performing linear or non-linear transformation between these particular intervals.
- Step (b) the operative result of Step (b) is that of selecting either an independent color hue control delta value, Heir, or, an independent color saturation delta value, Sclr, which is not zero, that is, where only one of the following is selected at a given time: Heir > 0 (changing color hue clockwise), or, Heir ⁇ 0 (changing color hue counterclockwise), or, Sclr > 0 (increasing color saturation), or, Sclr ⁇ 0 (decreasing color saturation), thereby, indicating an independent change in either hue or saturation of the selected individual color is to be made by continuing with the following steps.
- a main aspect of novelty ofthe present invention is that of enabling one to independently control, that is, to independently change or adjust, by increasing or decreasing, hue or saturation of each individual color in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.
- the independent color hue control delta value, Heir, or, the independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr where the delta value represents an extent or magnitude of change in hue or saturation of a particular selected individual color, and, where the independent color hue control delta value is completely independent or separate from the independent color saturation control delta value.
- selecting to independently change hue of a particular individual color by a particular extent or magnitude, represented by Heir is completely independent or separate from, and, has no affect on the hue of any other color in the same real time digital video image, or, on the saturation ofthe particular selected individual color in the same real time digital video image.
- selecting to independently change saturation of a particular individual color by a particular extent or magnitude, represented by Sclr is completely independent or separate from, and, has absolutely no affect on the saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image, or, on the hue of the particular selected individual color in the same real time digital video image.
- the respective delta values therefore represent a finite increment in hue or saturation, where hue and saturation of the individual colors or color components of the real time digital video input image, I, are variable within respective ranges of hue and saturation.
- the independent color hue control delta value, Heir used in the method of the present invention, is herein defined to be proportional to the extent or magnitude of change, or, the finite increment, ofthe hue or angle of a selected individual color or color component in a direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, towards other individual colors or color components, characterized in a particular color space, for example, RGB color space, featuring a color based three-dimensional coordinate system, within the real time digital video input image, I.
- independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr used in the method, of the present invention, is herein defined to be proportional to the extent or magnitude of change, or, the finite increment, increasing or decreasing, of the saturation or intensity of an individual color or color component, characterized in the same color space, for example, RGB color space, featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, within the real time digital video input image, I.
- Specific ranges, and values, of hue and saturation of the individual colors or color components featured in the real time digital video input image are typically pre-determined or set according to design and manufacture of hardware and/or software of a particular real time digital video display device and associated equipment and peripherals, such as a built-in color controller, or, a wireless remote color controller, used for operating the particular real time digital video display device.
- specific ranges, and values, in particular, [hi, h2], of the independent color hue control delta value, Heir, and, specific ranges, and values, in particular, [si, s2], of the independent color saturation delta value, Sclr, are also pre-determined or set according to design and manufacture of hardware and/or software of the particular real time digital video display device and associated equipment and peripherals used for operating the particular real time digital video display device.
- Step (c) there is identifying a plurality of the input image pixels having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, by performing arithmetic and logical operations using input image pixel values of each input image pixel of the real time digital video input image.
- Gi n , Bi n in the real time digital video input, I, image having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, by performing arithmetic and logical operations selected from the group consisting of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, equal to, greater than, less than, absolute value of, and, combinations thereof, using input image pixel values, Rj n , Gj n , Bj n , of each input image pixel, I[i,j: Rj n , Gj n , Bj fashion], of the real time digital video input image.
- Step (c) Six cases of Step (c) are described, corresponding to the six colors or color components, red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, and, magenta, associated with the input image pixel values, R; n , G; n , B; n , respectively, of input image pixels, I[i,j: Ri n , Gi n , B ⁇ n ], of the real time digital video input image, I, characterized by RGB color space.
- the asterisk symbol, * represents the mathematical operation of multiplication
- represents the mathematical operation of absolute value of the value indicated inside the double bars.
- this step is for identifying only, and not for changing or affecting, input image pixels having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- Step (b) for selecting to independently change hue or saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, only one ofthe following described six cases is implemented according to that selection, whereby, only one independent color hue control delta value, Heir, or, only one independent color saturation delta value, Sclr, of Step (b), is not equal to zero, during a given time or sequence of image processing, for identifying input image pixels having the selected individual color.
- the plurality of input image pixels in the real time digital video input image is preferably scanned, row by row, pixel by pixel, for identifying the plurality of input image pixels having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- each identified input image pixel, or, the identified entire plurality of input image pixels is further processed, by continuing with next Step (d).
- Step (d) there is identifying each input image pixel having green, G, as the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, according to the following logical conditions: Gjn > [Agr + Rin] and Gj n > [Agb + B, n ], where Agr and Agb are positive constants.
- Step (d) there is determining corresponding output image pixel values for each of the plurality of input image pixels identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent color hue control functions or independent color saturation control functions, respectively, using the input image pixel values ofthe plurality of input image pixels identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, and using the corresponding selected independent color hue control delta value or the corresponding selected independent color saturation control delta value, respectively, for forming a corresponding plurality of output image pixels having the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- O[s,t: R o m, G out , B out ] represents each of a plurality of output image pixels of the real time digital video output image, O, which can be plotted in an output grid of a real time digital video image display device, whose position coordinates in the output grid are indicated by row s, and column t.
- position indices (s,t) are preferably limited to the output image size as follows: s: 0,1,2, . . . M'-l; and t: 0,1,2, . . . N'-l.
- indices s and t are real or integer.
- color or color component values, Y ou t, C ou t, and M ou t, of the individual complementary colors or color components, yellow, cyan, and magenta, respectively are expressed in terms of, and evaluated from, linear combinations of the color or color component values, Rout, G out , and Bout, ofthe individual basic colors or color components, red, green, and blue, respectively.
- Step (d) there is determining corresponding output image pixel values, R oUt , G ou t, B ou t, for each of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Rj n , Gin, Bi n ], identified, according to previously described Step (c), as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent color hue control functions, F h (color-hue), or, independent color saturation control functions, F s (color-saruration), respectively, using the input image pixel values, Rj n , Gj ⁇ , B, n , of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Ri n , Gj n , Bi n ], identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed, and using the corresponding selected independent color hue control delta value, Heir, or the corresponding selected independent color saturation control
- each determined output image pixel, O[s,t: R o u t , G ou t, B out ], or, the identified entire plurality of output image pixels, O[s,t: R o ut, G ou t, B out ], is further processed, by continuing with next Step (e).
- Step (d) two scenarios, scenario (A), for independently changing, clockwise or counterclockwise, hue of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, I, and, scenario (B), for independently changing, increasing or decreasing, saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, I, are described herein. Only one scenario, scenario (A), or, scenario (B), is operative during a given time or sequence of processing the real time digital video input image, I, according to the result of previously described Step (b), for selecting to independently change hue or saturation of an individual color in the real time digital video input image, I.
- Gout Bout, for each of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R; n , Gj n , Bj n ], identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue was selected to be independently changed, clockwise or counterclockwise, according to the non-zero independent color hue control delta value, Heir, previously selected in Step (b), above.
- a first generalized algorithm featuring evaluating independent color hue control functions, F h (color-hue), applicable to the three particular cases corresponding to permutations, that is, RGB, GBR, and, BRG, of the three individual basic colors or color components, red, green, and, blue, associated with the input image pixel values, R, n , G, n , and, Bi n , respectively, of input image pixels, I[Lj: Ri n , G m , B, n ], of the real time digital video input image, I, characterized by RGB color space, and using the corresponding selected independent color hue control delta value, Heir, for forming a corresponding plurality of output image pixels, O[s,t: R o ut, G out , B out ], having the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently changed.
- F h color-hue
- Heir For Heir ⁇ 0 (changing color hue counterclockwise towards Nclrlin and Vclr3in) Heir is set equal to -Heir, and
- Nclr2 0Ut , and Nclr3 0U t are corresponding output image pixel values of the three individual basic colors, clrl, clr2, and clr3, respectively, and, in particular, are used for similarly permuting Rout, G ou t, and B out , of output image pixels, O[s,t: R oUt , G out , B out ], of the real time digital video output image, O, characterized by RGB color space.
- Rout, G ou t, and B out of output image pixels, O[s,t: R oUt , G out , B out ], of the real time digital video output image, O, characterized by RGB color space.
- Step (b) is not equal to zero, there is determining corresponding output image pixel values
- Rout, Gout, B out for each of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Rj n , G; n , B; n ], identified as having red as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent red hue control functions, F n (red-hue), using the input image pixel values,.
- Rj n , G; n , Bj n of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Ri n , G; n , Bi n ], identified as having red as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue was selected to be independently changed, for forming a set of output image pixels, O[s,t: R oUt , G out , B out ], having red as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently changed.
- the colors, clrl, clr2, clr3 correspond to the particular color permutation of R, G, B, respectively, as follows:
- Hr ⁇ 0 (changing red hue counterclockwise towards magenta and blue) Hr is set equal to -Hr, and
- Changing red hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hr > 0, corresponds to changing red color, R, ofthe plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R; n , G m , B ⁇ n ], clockwise towards yellow and green colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: R o u t , G ou t, B out ], having red as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently increased.
- Changing red hue ofthe real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hr ⁇ 0, corresponds to changing red color, R, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R ln , Gj n , Bj n ], counterclockwise towards magenta and blue colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: Rout, Gout, B 0ut ], having red as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently decreased.
- Hg ⁇ 0 (changing green hue counterclockwise towards yellow and red) Hg is set equal to -Hg
- Changing green hue ofthe real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hg ⁇ 0, corresponds to changing green color, G, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Rj n , Gj n , Bi n ], counterclockwise towards yellow and red colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: R oUt , G out , B 0 u t ], having green as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently decreased.
- Hb For Hb ⁇ 0 (changing blue hue counterclockwise towards cyan and green) Hb is set equal to -Hb, and
- Changing blue hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hb ⁇ 0, corresponds to changing blue color, B, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R ⁇ n , Gj n , Bin], counterclockwise towards cyan and green colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: Rout, Gout, Bout], having blue as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently decreased.
- a second generalized algorithm featuring evaluating independent color hue control functions, F (color-hue), applicable to the remaining three particular cases corresponding to permutations, that is, YCM, CMY, and, MYC, of the three individual complementary colors or color components, yellow, cyan, and, magenta, expressed in terms of linear combinations of the individual basic colors or color components red, green, and blue, associated with the input image pixel values, R; n , Gj n , and, Bj n , of input image pixels, I[i,j: R; n , Gi n , Bi n ], of the real time digital video input image, I, characterized by RGB color space, for forming a corresponding plurality of output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , G out , B 0U J, having the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently changed.
- F color-hue
- Nclr4 in (Nclrli n + Nclr2 in ) / 2
- Nclr5 in (Nclr2 in + Vclr3 in ) / 2
- Nclr ⁇ i n (Nclrlin + Nclr3 in ) / 2 ;
- Heir > 0 changing color hue clockwise towards Nclr4;n and Nclr5 j n
- Heir For Heir ⁇ 0 (changing color hue counterclockwise towards Vclr4in and Vclr ⁇ jn) Heir is set equal to -Heir, and
- M in (Rin + Bi n ) / 2 ;
- Hy For Hy ⁇ 0 (changing yellow hue counterclockwise towards red and magenta) Hy is set equal to -Hy, and
- R out Fi (yellow-hue) - F 2 (yellow-hue) + F 3 (yellow-hue)
- G out Fi (yellow-hue) + F (yellow-hue) - F 3 (yellow-hue)
- Changing yellow hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hy > 0, corresponds to changing yellow color, Y, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[ij: Ri n , G,- n , Bi n ], clockwise towards green and cyan colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: R oUt , G ou t, B 0 u t ], having yellow as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently increased.
- Step Cb) is not equal to zero, there is determining corresponding output image pixel values, R out , G out , B ou t, for each ofthe plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Ri n , Gj n , B ⁇ n ], identified as having cyan as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent cyan hue control functions, F h (cyan-hue), using the input image pixel values, R, n , Gi n , B ⁇ n , of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R; n , Gi n , Bj n ], identified as having cyan as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose hue was selected to be independently changed, for forming a set of output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , G out , B ou t], having cyan as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently changed.
- Min (Bin + Rin) / 2
- Y in (Gin + Rion) / 2 ;
- He is set equal to -He
- B out Fj(cyan-hue) + F (cyan-hue) - F 3 (cyan-hue)
- Rout - Fi (cyan-hue) + F 2 (cyan-hue) + F 3 (cyan-hue), where all the necessary input data and information are known for determining all of the corresponding output image pixel values for each output image pixel.
- Changing cyan hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby He > 0, corresponds to changing cyan color, C, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j : Rj n , Gi n , Bi n ], clockwise towards blue and magenta colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: R oU , G out , B out ], having cyan as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently increased.
- Changing cyan hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby He ⁇ 0, corresponds to changing cyan color, C, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R ⁇ n , Gj n , Bj n ], counterclockwise towards green and yellow colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , Gout, Bo ], having cyan as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently decreased.
- Min (Bi n + Ri n ) / 2
- Yin (Rin + G in ) / 2
- Ci n " (Bin + G in ) / 2 ;
- Hm is set equal to -Hm
- Changing magenta hue of the real time digital video input image, I, whereby Hm > 0, corresponds to changing magenta color, M, of the plurality of input image pixels, I[ij: Rj n , Gi n , Bi n ], clockwise towards red and yellow colors in the RGB color space featuring the color based three-dimensional coordinate system, for forming the real time digital video output image, O, featuring the corresponding plurality of digital output image pixels, 0[s,t: Ro , G ou t,
- R out , G out , B out having magenta as the individual color whose hue was selected to be independently decreased.
- scenario (B) there is determining corresponding output image pixel values, Rout, Gout, Bout, for each of the plurality of input image pixels, I[ij: R in , Gj n , B, n ], identified as having the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose saturation was selected to be independently changed, by increasing or decreasing, according to the non-zero independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr, previously selected in Step (b), above.
- a third generalized algorithm featuring evaluating independent color saturation control functions, F s (color-saturation), applicable to the three particular cases corresponding to permutations, that is, RGB, GBR, and, BRG, of the three individual basic colors or color components, red, green, and, blue, associated with the input image pixel values, Rj n , Gi n , and, B ⁇ n , respectively, of input image pixels, I[ij: Ri n , G ⁇ n , Bj n ], of the real time digital video input image, I, characterized by RGB color space, and using the corresponding selected independent color saturation control delta value, Sclr, for forming a corresponding plurality of output image pixels, 0[s,t: Rout, G out , B out ], having the individual color whose saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- F s color-saturation
- Vclrl out Fi (color-saturation)
- Nclr2 0ut F (color-saturation)
- Vclr3 0ut F 3 (color-saturation)
- Sclr corresponds to the independent color saturation control delta value previously defined and selected in Step (b), above, specifically, of the current selected individual color, clr, and, in particular, of the current selected individual color red, green, or, blue
- D RM is a color saturation control parameter, preferably, proportional to the maximum value of the dynamic range of the color level of the real time digital video input image
- Nclrli n , Vclr2j n , and Vclr3 in are input image pixel values of the three individual basic colors, clrl, clr2, and clr3, respectively, and, in particular, are used for permuting Rj n , G; n , and Bj n ,
- D R is a color saturation control parameter, preferably, proportional to the maximum value of the dynamic range of the color level of the real time digital video input image.
- D is proportional to the maximum value of the dynamic range of pixel values between the black level and the white level of the real time digital video input image, and is a function ofthe number of bits (for example, 6, 8, or 10 bits) per pixel of a given individual color or color component of the real time digital video input image.
- the dynamic range is in terms of 8 bits per pixel, which results in a value of the dynamic range, -128 to +127.
- an offset control for example, an offset control equal to +128
- Adding an offset control, for example, an offset control equal to +128, to the dynamic range results in an adjusted dynamic range of 0 to 255, with the maximum value of 255, which, in the method of the present invention, is preferably used as the value of the color saturation control parameter, DRM-
- the color saturation control parameter, D is assigned the value of 511, 1023, or, 2023, respectively.
- Step Cb there is determining corresponding output image pixel values, Ro Ut , G ou t, B ou t, for each of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Rj n , Gi n , Bi n ], identified as having green as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose saturation was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent green saturation control functions, F s (green-saturation), using the input image pixel values, Ri n , G, n , Bj n , of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: Rj n , Gj n , Bj n ], identified as having green as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose saturation was selected to be independently changed, for forming a set of output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , Gout, B o u t ], having green as the individual color whose saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- Gout Fi (green-saturation)
- Bout F 2 (green-saturation)
- R o u t F 3 (green-saturation) , where all the necessary input data and information are known for determining all of the corresponding output image pixel values for each output image pixel.
- B out Fj (blue-saturation)
- R out F (blue-saturation)
- G out F 3 (blue-saturation) , where all the necessary input data and information are known for determining all of the corresponding output image pixel values for each output image pixel.
- a fourth generalized algorithm featuring evaluating independent color saturation control functions, F s (color-saturation), applicable to the remaining three particular cases corresponding to permutations, that is, YCM, CMY, and, MYC, of the three individual complementary colors or color components, yellow, cyan, and, magenta, expressed in terms of linear combinations of the individual basic colors or color components red, green, and blue, associated with the input image pixel values, R, n , G, n , and, B ⁇ n , of input image pixels, I[i.j : R, n , Gm, Bm], of the real time digital video input image, I, characterized by RGB color space, for forming a corresponding plurality of output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , G out , B out ], having the individual color whose saturation was selected to be independently changed.
- F s color-saturation
- Nclrlout F] (color-saturation)
- Nclr3out F 3 (color-saturation) , where Sclr corresponds to the independent color saturation control delta value previously defined and selected in Step (b), above, specifically, of the current selected individual color, clr, and, in particular, of the current selected individual color yellow, cyan, or, magenta; the
- Fs(color-saturation), for s - 1 to 3, are independent color saturation control functions;
- D RM is the previously defined color saturation control parameter;
- Vclrl m , Vclr2, n , and Vclr3 m are input image pixel values of the three individual basic colors, clrl, clr2, and clr3, respectively, and, in particular, are used for permuting R m , G, n , and B ⁇ n , of input image pixels, I[i,j: R m , G m ,
- Vclrl out, Vclr2 0ut , and Vclr3 0U t are corresponding output image pixel values of the three individual basic colors, clrl, clr2, and clr3, respectively, and, in particular, are used for similarly permuting Rout, G out , and B out , of output image pixels, O[s,t: R ⁇ t , G out , B out ], of the real time digital video output image, O, characterized by RGB color space.
- Rout, G out , and B out of output image pixels, O[s,t: R ⁇ t , G out , B out ], of the real time digital video output image, O, characterized by RGB color space.
- scenario CB where the independent yellow saturation control delta value.
- F 2 (yellow-saturation) G, n + 0.5 * [ Sy * ( D RM - maximum [ R ⁇ n . G, n ] ) ]
- F 3 (yellow-saturation) B, n ;
- Rout F] (yellow-saturation)
- Gout F (yellow-saturation)
- Gout - F] (cyan-saturation)
- B 0 ut F (cyan-saturation)
- Rout - F 3 cyan-saturation
- xyhere the independent magenta saturation control delta value, Sm, of Step Cb), is not equal to zero, there is determining corresponding output image pixel values, Rout, G out , B ou t, for each ofthe plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R in , G in , Bj n ], identified as having magenta as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose saturation was selected to be independently changed, by separately evaluating independent magenta saturation control functions, F s (magenta-saturation), using the input image pixel values, R; n , G, n , Bj n , of the plurality of input image pixels, I[i,j: R; n , G m , B, n ], identified as having magenta as the individual color in the real time digital video input image whose saturation was selected to be independently changed, for forming a set of output image pixels, O[s,t: Ro Ut , G out
- Gout F 3 (magenta-saturation) , where all the necessary input data and information are known for determining all of the corresponding output image pixel values for each output image pixel.
- Step (e) there is displaying a real time digital video output image including the corresponding plurality of output image pixels having the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed in the real time digital video input image, whereby the hue or saturation of the selected individual color in the real time digital video input image has been changed.
- Step (e) there is displaying the real time digital video output image, O, including the corresponding plurality of output image pixels, O[s,t: R out , G out , B out ], featuring output image pixel values, R oUt , G out , B 0Ut , having the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed in the real time digital video input image, I, determined according to previously described Step (d), whereby the hue or saturation of the selected individual color in the real time digital video input image, I, has been changed, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video input image, I.
- a user or viewer of a real time digital video image display device selects to independently change hue, H, or, selects to independently change saturation, S, of an individual color, clr, such as red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, or, magenta, in the real time digital video input image, I, displayed on the real time video image display device, by activating, such as by pushing or turning, an independent color hue control mechanism, or, an independent color saturation control mechanism, such as a button, dial, or graphic user interface (GUI) menu display, configured on a man-machine interaction (MMI) mechanism featured as part of a master control device, such as a built-in master color controller device, or, a wireless remote master color controller device, in operative electronic communication with the real time video image display device.
- MMI man-machine interaction
- GUI graphic user interface
- MMI man-machine interaction
- the real time digital video image display device in operative electronic communication with the master control device performs functions and operations according to the above described Steps (c) through (e) of the method of the present invention, whereby the real time video image display device, such as the television screen, displays the real time digital video output image including the individual color whose hue or saturation was selected to be independently changed in the real time digital video input image, whereby the hue or saturation of the selected individual color in the real time digital video input image has been changed, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video input image.
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Abstract
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JP2003520176A JP4452498B2 (en) | 2001-08-06 | 2002-08-06 | Method for independently controlling the hue or saturation of individual colors in a real-time digital video image |
EP02765300A EP1428395A4 (en) | 2001-08-06 | 2002-08-06 | Method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image |
AU2002329014A AU2002329014A1 (en) | 2001-08-06 | 2002-08-06 | Method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image |
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US09/922,164 | 2001-08-06 |
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WO2003015391A3 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
EP1428395A4 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
EP1428395A2 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
JP4452498B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
US20030025835A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
AU2002329014A1 (en) | 2003-02-24 |
JP2004538721A (en) | 2004-12-24 |
US6724435B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
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