WO2003007420A1 - System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof - Google Patents
System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003007420A1 WO2003007420A1 PCT/US2002/021814 US0221814W WO03007420A1 WO 2003007420 A1 WO2003007420 A1 WO 2003007420A1 US 0221814 W US0221814 W US 0221814W WO 03007420 A1 WO03007420 A1 WO 03007420A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- position location
- elevation
- information
- transceiver
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/38—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of real or effective orientation of directivity characteristic of an antenna or an antenna system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that antenna or antenna system, e.g. to give a maximum or minimum signal
- G01S3/42—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of real or effective orientation of directivity characteristic of an antenna or an antenna system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that antenna or antenna system, e.g. to give a maximum or minimum signal the desired condition being maintained automatically
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
- H01Q1/1257—Means for positioning using the received signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to the field of wireless communications and, in particular, to an automatic antenna directing system capable of accurately pointing a wireless communication directional antenna at a desired transceiver.
- Wireline solutions which include cable network services and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) services, offer relief to subscribers having access to such services. Because of the relatively high capital expenditures and labor costs associated with providing connectivity and access to new regions, these services are far from ubiquitous.
- DSL Digital Subscriber Line
- wireless solutions are more cost effective and may service a wider range of subscribers.
- These wireless solutions are based on high-speed wireless data communication systems that employ either satellite-based data networks, such as, for example, DirecPC and StarBand services, or terrestrially-based data networks, such as cellular data networks.
- satellite-based data networks such as, for example, DirecPC and StarBand services
- terrestrially-based data networks such as cellular data networks.
- these high-speed wireless data communication systems are power limited hence contemplate the use of a high-gain, narrow beam, highly-directional fixed antenna coupled to a user terminal to deliver information to a subscriber.
- these fixed user antennas generally manifest stringent alignment requirements. That is, to ensure adequate communication capabilities, the user transmit or receive antennas need to accurately point in the direction of their counterpart antennas for both transmit and receive operations.
- link budgets have small margins, hence user antennas need to point to a satellite along specific elevation and azimuthal directions in order to maximize the gain of the received beam pattern and, thus, ensure optimal data transmission.
- user antennas need to be aligned along specific elevation and azimuthal directions to point to the radiation center of a cellular antenna arrangement to ensure maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio. It will be appreciated that, although the specific location of both the user antenna and satellite antenna or cellular antenna may be known, such information does little to identify the exact orientation of the user antenna.
- the system includes a position location receiver, which receives signals indicating position location information of the antenna and a position location transmitter.
- a processing mechanism coupled to the position location receiver determines calibration information of the antenna based on the location information of the antenna and the position location transmitter.
- An alignment mechanism coupled to the processing mechanism and the antenna, automatically orients the antenna, based on the calibration information, and automatically directs the oriented antenna to point to the wireless transceiver, based on the directional location information of the wireless transceiver.
- Additional aspects of the present invention include determining the calibration information by first accurately pointing to the position location transmitter via a direction finding mechanism and then establishing a vector reference space. The necessary elevation and azimuthal components, within the vector reference space, are then calculated to identify the proper calibration of the antenna. Once the calibration information has been determined, an alignment mechanism automatically orients the antenna and, based on the directional location information of the wireless transceiver, alignment mechanism automatically directs the oriented antenna to point to the wireless transceiver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
- FIG. 1A illustrates a functional block diagram of an automatic antenna directing system, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. IB illustrates a functional block diagram of an automatic antenna directing system in a satellite network application, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1C illustrates a functional block diagram of an automatic antenna directing system in a terrestrial network application, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. ID illustrates beam patterns as functions of gain and azimuthal angles, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A depicts a functional flow chart diagram of an automatic directing process, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B depicts a spatial vector reference diagram in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- a system for automatically directing a user antenna that accurately points to a desired communication transceiver may be employed to ensure adequate performance of high-speed data communication networks.
- the system exploits the position location information between a position location receiver and a position location transmitter to generate a reference vector and a corresponding vector reference space. Because the position location information only contains location information and cannot render orientation information of the* user antenna, the reference vector and vector reference space are used as a frame of reference to facilitate the deduction of orientation information (e.g., elevation and azimuthal direction information). This orientation information is then used to calibrate and properly orient the user antenna.
- orientation information e.g., elevation and azimuthal direction information
- the user antenna may then be aligned to point to the desired communication transceiver based on the position location information of the transceiver or other methods.
- An antenna alignment mechanism then automatically adjusts the user antenna to point to the transceiver based on the user and the transceiver location information.
- FIG. 1A illustrates an automatic antenna directing system 100, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- wireless communications such as, for example, filters, duplexers, amplifiers, and up/down converters that are ancillary to the present invention have been omitted.
- Antenna directing system 100 may be used in conjunction with the high-speed wireless data communication services.
- the high-speed wireless data communication services may be provided by either a satellite- based or terrestrially-based data communication network.
- system 100 employs a user terminal 108, which is coupled to a user communication antenna 102A.
- User antenna 102A communicates with a network communication transceiver mechanism 112 via a network communication antenna 110.
- User terminal 108 may include a processing mechanism 108A configured to execute program instructions residing in system memories.
- System 100 further comprises a user communication transceiver mechanism 104 coupled to both user terminal 108 and user communication antenna 102A.
- user transceiver mechanism 104 is configured to modulate and up-convert the baseband data into a form suitable for subsequent radiation by user communication antenna 102A.
- user transceiver mechanism 104 is configured to demodulate and down-convert the signals received by user communication antenna 102A into baseband data.
- User antenna 102A may also comprise alignment mechanism 105, capable of aligning antenna 102A along the elevation and azimuthal directions.
- Alignment mechanism 105 may comprise motorized components and associated circuitry to align antenna 102A along the proper directions once the elevation and azimuthal directional information have been resolved. To this end, alignment mechanism 105 may receive control signals from processing mechanism 108A to drive the motorized components and align antenna 102A along the proper directions.
- System 100 may further comprise a position location receiver 106, such as, for example, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver or similar navigation/position location receiver, and an associated position location antenna 102B.
- Position location receiver 106 is configured to process and provide antenna 102B location information from at least one geostationary satellite capable of rendering position location services. Such information may be based on GPS or similar navigation/position location systems, which employ a plurality of position location transmitters (e.g., 3 or more) to yield accurate position location information. Consistent with navigation/position location systems, these transmitters may be configured as orbiting satellites (e.g., GPS satellites).
- GPS Global Positioning System
- user communication antenna 102A may also serve as position location antenna 102B or may be integrated with position location antenna 102B to form integrated antenna 103 that functions as both a communication and position location antenna.
- alignment mechanism 105 may be used in conjunction with the position location functionality to provide directional finding capabilities for tracking the position location transmitters.
- FIG. IB illustrates an automatic antenna directing system 125 operative with a high-speed, satellite-based data communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- antenna directing system 125 employs an integrated user antenna 103, which communicates, via a satellite network antenna 110A, with a satellite network transceiver 112A (e.g., transponder) to effect the transmission of the high-speed data.
- user antenna 103 radiates a narrow transmit beam pattern for the transmission of data to satellite antenna 110A and collects a receive beam pattern from satellite antenna 110A for the reception of data.
- user antenna 103 is depicted as a microwave dish antenna, it will be appreciated that other antenna configurations may be employed.
- Antenna directing system 125 further comprises a position location receiver 106, coupled to user antenna 103.
- user antenna 103 may be configured to also receive position location information from a position location transmitter 114.
- position location information may be based on GPS or similar navigation/position location systems, employing a plurality of position location transmitters (e.g., 3 or more), which may configured as orbiting satellites (e.g., GPS satellites).
- Position location transmitter 114 may be configured to furnish, on a predetermined basis, data detailing timing information and ephemeris data indicating the position location of transmitter 114.
- the position location of satellite transceiver 112A, as well as other information are parts of the configuration of the high-speed communication system, which are either known a priori or may be calculated from a set of GPS satellite transmitters similar to transmitter 114.
- the position location information based on transmitter 114 specifies the user antenna 103 and satellite transceiver 112A location, it will be appreciated that such information cannot identify or determine the orientation of antenna 103.
- user transceiver 104 determines relative antenna 103 location information, U.
- Transmitter 114 location information S is broadcasted through the ephemeris navigation message of transmitter 114.
- ECEF earth-centered, earth-fixed
- Antenna directing system 125 may further include a direction finding mechanism to track, and accurately point to, position location transmitter 114.
- Direction finding mechanism comprises an array of calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E, mounted on user antenna 103, and a beam-forming network 107, both used in conjunction with alignment mechanism 105.
- calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E may be configured as circularly polarized micro-strip patch antennas or other antenna elements suitable for such purposes.
- calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E may be mounted on diametrically opposite corners of antenna 103, having a boresight axis for the array formed by these elements coincident with the boresight of antenna 103.
- antenna element pairs 102D, 102E may be used to generate two orthogonal radiation beam patterns. These patterns may then be processed to generate the sum and difference between the patterns, as indicated in FIG. ID, to assist in identifying the elevation and azimuthal directions rendering the strongest signals from position location transmitter 114. Alignment mechanism 105 is then used to direct user antenna 103 to accurately point to position location transmitter 114, based on direction rendering the strongest signals.
- Beam-forming network 107 is configured to process the transmit and receive beam patterns conveying signals of interest, including the two orthogonal radiation beam patterns generated by array of calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E.
- Beam- forming network 104 may comprise transform matrices and gain/phase adjusting elements as well as associated circuitry to achieve the desired beam patterns.
- Such circuitry may include, for example, combiners, splitters, and switching mechanisms, all of which have been omitted for the sake of brevity.
- system 125 exploits the position location information between antenna 103 and transmitter 114 to generate a reference vector and a corresponding vector reference space.
- the reference vector and vector reference space will be used as a frame of reference, allowing the deduction of orientation information (e.g., elevation and azimuthal direction information) to properly orient user antenna 103.
- orientation information e.g., elevation and azimuthal direction information
- the properly oriented user antenna 103 may then be automatically aligned to point to the satellite antenna 110A, by virtue of the satellite transceiver's 112A position location information.
- FIG. 1C illustrates an automatic antenna directing system 150 operative with a high-speed, terrestrially-based data communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Terrestrially-based data communication network may comprise, for example, a wireless data network, including, but not limited to, microwave line-of-sight networks and cellular networks.
- a wireless data network including, but not limited to, microwave line-of-sight networks and cellular networks.
- some of the components in the terrestrially-based antenna directing system 150 are similar to the components identified in satellite-based antenna directing system 125 and are, therefore, denoted by like reference numerals. In the interest of brevity, some of these similar components will not be described further, it being understood that the lack of such description does not sacrifice any aspect of the present embodiment.
- Antenna directing system 150 employs a user antenna 103, which communicates, via terrestrial antenna HOB, with a terrestrial communications transceiver 112B to affect the transfer of high-speed data.
- Terrestrial transceiver 112B and terrestrial antenna HOB may comprise, for example, a base station transceiver system and associated base station antenna arrangement.
- user antenna 103 radiates a narrow transmit beam pattern for the transmission of data to terrestrial antenna HOB and collects a receive beam pattern from terrestrial antenna HOB for the reception of data.
- System 150 also employs a position location receiver 106, coupled to user antenna 103, which may be configured to receive position location information from a position location transmitter 114.
- the location information of user antenna 103, transmitter 114, and terrestrial antenna HOB may be stored in a position location database.
- position location information cannot identify or determine the orientation of user antenna 103.
- User transceiver 104 determines antenna 103 location information, U, and receives transmitter 114 location information, S.
- FIG. 2A is a functional flow diagram depicting automatic antenna directing process 200, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- process 200 operates to determine the necessary orientation information (e.g., elevation and azimuthal direction information) to properly orient user antenna 103.
- the properly oriented user antenna 103 may then be automatically aligned to point to the satellite or terrestrial antenna HOA, HOB by using the satellite transceiver 112A position location information or the terrestrial transceiver 112B position location information.
- process 200 initiates the acquisition of position location information with respect to user antenna 103, position location transmitter 114, and satellite transceiver antenna HOA or terrestrial transceiver antenna HOB.
- position location transmitter 114 employs a plurality of position location transmitters that communicate timing information, user antenna 103 position location, network transceiver antenna HOA, HOB position location, and ephemeris data identifying position location of the transmitters in view. Accordingly, process 200 acquires the relevant information communicated by the various position location transmitters.
- process 200 Upon receiving the relevant information communicated by the various position location transmitters, in block B212, process 200 selects at least one position location transmitter 114, from the plurality of transmitters, having acceptable signal conditions and/or signal levels. Such acceptable signal conditions may include, for example, a transmitter signal having signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that meets a predetermined threshold. By doing so, process 200 ensures that it operates with only the strongest transmitter position location signals.
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- process 200 utilizes the capabilities of the direction finding mechanism to precisely point user antenna 103 to the at least one position location transmitter 114.
- the precise pointing of user antenna 103 facilitates the establishment of vector reference space that will subsequently be used to accurately calibrate the orientation of user antenna 103.
- process 200 implements the direction finding capabilities by initiating the formation and radiation of two orthogonal beam patterns from the array of calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E, as indicated in block B214A.
- One beam pattern is in the elevation plane while the other is in the azimuthal plane.
- Calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E may be mounted on diametrically opposite corners of antenna 103, having a boresight axis for the array formed by these elements coincident with the boresight of antenna 103.
- the true north vector n for calibration antenna element pairs 102D, 102E is the same as that of antenna 103.
- process 200 initiates the formation of the sum and difference of the two orthogonal beam patterns along each of the elevation and azimuthal planes by beam forming network 107.
- Typical sum and difference patterns in the azimuthal plane are plotted in FIG. IB, as a function of gain and azimuthal angle ⁇ .
- Plots for the elevation plane are similarly configured.
- One notable characteristic of the difference patterns is the steep null between the lobes, which represent the maximum gain of the beam patterns.
- process 200 adjusts user antenna 103 relative to the steep null of the difference pattern for the elevation and azimuthal planes. Specifically, for both the elevation and azimuthal planes, user transceiver mechanism 104 tracks the gain of the difference pattern.
- mechanism 104 Upon detecting the steep null within the respective difference patterns, mechanism 104 communicates the elevation angle ⁇ and azimuthal angle ⁇ information associated with the null to processing mechanism 108A. Processing mechanism 108A then generates a first set of control signals based on the elevation and azimuthal angle ⁇ , ⁇ information to drive alignment mechanism 105 along the elevation and azimuthal planes in order to automatically align antenna 103 along the direction of optimal gain. In this manner, process 200 is able to exploit the direction finding capabilities to automatically and accurately direct user antenna 103 to point to the at least one position location transmitter 114.
- process 200 may then establish a precise and reliable vector reference space.
- process 200 In response to identifying position vectors U, S, process 200 establishes a reference vector R, which points from the user antenna 103 location, U, to the transmitter 114 location, S. With position vectors U, S and reference vector R, process 200 may then establish a vector reference space, which serves as a frame of reference from which orientation information may be deduced.
- Vector reference space also comprises unit vector n, which points north from user location U, and unit vector e, which points east from U. Note that the three unit vectors u, n, and e are pair-wise orthogonal.
- Equations (2) and (3) establish vector reference space comprising unit vector n, which points true north from user location U, and unit vector e, which points east. Note that Equations (2) and (3) are not valid when vectors u and z are parallel, i.e. when the user is located at either the North or South Pole
- process 200 is capable of deducing the orientation information necessary to calibrate and properly orient user antenna 103.
- the orientation information includes elevation direction and azimuthal direction components.
- process 200 in block B218, determines the elevation directional information necessary for orienting user antenna 103 in the proper elevation direction. This is achieved by calculating the offset elevation angle ⁇ , which defines the necessary angular adjustment of user antenna 103 along vector u. Offset elevation angle ⁇ is related to the projection of vector r onto u and may be calculated as follows:
- ⁇ sin "1 (r • u) (4) where r • u is the scalar product between vectors r and u.
- ⁇ cos- 1 [ (n . p)/
- sign ( ⁇ ) sign (e » p) (7)
- n • p and e • p are the scalar products of n and p and e and p, respectively, and
- process 200 Upon calculating the elevation and azimuthal direction information, process 200 achieves the orientation information necessary to properly calibrate and orient user antenna 103.
- reference vector r the vector reference space, offset elevation angle ⁇ , and offset azimuthal angle ⁇
- user antenna 103 may be adjusted and corrected to achieve proper orientation. Accordingly, in an exemplary embodiment, this may be achieved by having processing mechanism 108A generate a second set of control signals, based on offset elevation angle ⁇ and offset azimuthal angle ⁇ , to drive alignment mechanism 105 along the proper directions to orient user antenna 103.
- offset angle ⁇ measured between the projection of vector v and the projection of u on the plane P r , where P r is a plane perpendicular to vector r.
- This offset angle ⁇ must be additionally corrected for in all subsequent antenna orientation operations. Said corrections may be carried out by processing mechanism 108A, by way of using appropriate coordinate transformations when converting the desired elevation and azimuthal movements to signals driving alignment mechanism 105. [0053] As mentioned above, it may be necessary in some cases, i.e. when the initial parallel orientation of vectors u and v cannot be ensured, to determine offset angle ⁇ .
- This may be done, for example, by repeating the operation of block B214 to align user antenna 103 to a second position location transmitter 114, or to the same position location transmitter as before but after it is moved to a different location, and compute ⁇ from the offset elevation angles ⁇ and offset azimuthal angles ⁇ , resulting from the two block B214 operations.
- a more efficient method of determining ⁇ is when the alignment to the second position location transmitter 114 is aided by utilizing information obtained during alignment to the first position location transmitter.
- an appropriate second position location transmitter 114 is chosen, whose location is such that the vector pointing to it from user location U is not parallel to the vector pointing to the first position location transmitter.
- the position location information of the second position location transmitter 114 is translated into corresponding target elevation and azimuthal direction information valid at user location U.
- Process 200 then aligns antenna 103 along the target elevation and azimuthal direction information in an attempt to point it to the chosen second position location transmitter 114. If the second position location transmitter is found precisely at that direction, then ⁇ is zero and no further correction is needed.
- the second position location transmitter can be searched for by changing the azimuthal angle that is measured in plane P r , where P r is a plane perpendicular to vector r, while keeping the elevation that is measured relative to P r constant.
- ⁇ will be readily determined as the azimuthal adjustment that took place in plane P r , relative to the initial position. Note that since offset angle ⁇ is determined as an azimuthal difference in plane P r , appointing a reference 'zero' azimuthal direction in plane P r is not required. Also note that the best geometry for determining ⁇ is when the angle seen from user location U between the first and second position location transmitters is approximately 90°.
- process 200 may then align antenna 103 to point to the desired network communication transceiver, i.e., satellite communication antenna HOA or terrestrial communication antenna HOB.
- desired network communication transceiver i.e., satellite communication antenna HOA or terrestrial communication antenna HOB.
- process 200 uses the network transceiver antenna 110A HOB position location information, which may be translated into corresponding target elevation and azimuthal direction information.
- Process 200 then aligns antenna 103 along the target elevation and azimuthal direction information to point to the desired network communication transceiver. In an exemplary embodiment, this may be achieved by having processor mechanism 108A generate a third set of control signals based on the target elevation and azimuthal direction information to drive alignment mechanism 105 to automatically adjust and align antenna 103 along the desired directions.
- the separate alignments based on the second and third set of control signals may be done in a single step based on a single set of control signals. This single set is obtained with subtracting the control signals in the second set from the control signals in the third set.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002320390A AU2002320390A1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof |
MXPA04000347A MXPA04000347A (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof. |
KR1020047000435A KR100924245B1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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US30473501P | 2001-07-10 | 2001-07-10 | |
US60/304,735 | 2001-07-10 | ||
US33467501P | 2001-11-15 | 2001-11-15 | |
US60/334,675 | 2001-11-15 | ||
US10/071,928 | 2002-02-05 | ||
US10/071,928 US6690917B2 (en) | 2001-11-15 | 2002-02-05 | System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof |
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WO2003007420A1 true WO2003007420A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
WO2003007420A8 WO2003007420A8 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
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PCT/US2002/021814 WO2003007420A1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2002-07-09 | System and method for automatic determination of azimuthal and elevation direction of directional antennas and calibration thereof |
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KR (1) | KR100924245B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1554136A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002320390A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA04000347A (en) |
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- 2002-07-09 CN CNA028175417A patent/CN1554136A/en active Pending
- 2002-07-09 KR KR1020047000435A patent/KR100924245B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP1627515A2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-02-22 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
EP1627516A2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-02-22 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
EP1627516A4 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-12-06 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
EP1627515A4 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-12-06 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
EP1627538A4 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-12-06 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Coordination of backhaul beam forming in wireless communication systems |
US7197337B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2007-03-27 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
US7373176B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2008-05-13 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of beam forming in wireless communication systems |
US7447523B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2008-11-04 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of backhaul beam forming in wireless communication systems |
EP1627538A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-02-22 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Coordination of backhaul beam forming in wireless communication systems |
US8054225B2 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2011-11-08 | Panasonic Corporation | Method and device for wireless directional beam-forming transmission |
GB2448510A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | David Thomas | Alignment of directional antenna beams to form a high gain communication link |
NL2002652C2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2010-09-27 | Soft Spot Consultancy B V | METHOD, SYSTEM AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR DIRECTING A MOBILE FISH ANTENNA. |
WO2014197926A1 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-18 | E M Solutions Pty Ltd | A stabilized platform for a wireless communication link |
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US10008759B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2018-06-26 | E M Solutions Pty Ltd | Stabilized platform for a wireless communication link |
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CN111162832A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-15 | 天津海润海上技术股份有限公司 | Method for realizing marine microwave directional communication based on Beidou system |
CN111162832B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-03-25 | 天津海润海上技术股份有限公司 | Method for realizing marine microwave directional communication based on Beidou system |
IT202000007138A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-03 | Cinzia Uguzzoni | ANTENNA FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS |
CN113993066A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-28 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Multidirectional directional microwave antenna alignment method and system |
CN116706541A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-05 | 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 | Directional antenna alignment device of long-distance ad hoc network based on Beidou direction finding |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2002320390A1 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
KR20040010850A (en) | 2004-01-31 |
KR100924245B1 (en) | 2009-10-30 |
CN1554136A (en) | 2004-12-08 |
MXPA04000347A (en) | 2004-07-23 |
WO2003007420A8 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
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