WO2002070186A1 - Procede de liaison par frottement/brassage, materiau plat pour formage plastique et corps de type manchon a extremite fermee - Google Patents

Procede de liaison par frottement/brassage, materiau plat pour formage plastique et corps de type manchon a extremite fermee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002070186A1
WO2002070186A1 PCT/JP2002/002144 JP0202144W WO02070186A1 WO 2002070186 A1 WO2002070186 A1 WO 2002070186A1 JP 0202144 W JP0202144 W JP 0202144W WO 02070186 A1 WO02070186 A1 WO 02070186A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joining
members
joint
butt
welding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2002/002144
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masayuki Narita
Yasuyuki Hama
Hiroshi Akiyama
Takenori Hashimoto
Yoshitaka Nagano
Shigetoshi Jogan
Original Assignee
Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2001063304A external-priority patent/JP4597402B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2001078313A external-priority patent/JP4663892B2/ja
Application filed by Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to DE10296452T priority Critical patent/DE10296452B4/de
Priority to US10/469,228 priority patent/US20040074949A1/en
Publication of WO2002070186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002070186A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a friction stir welding method used, for example, when manufacturing a metal structural member in an automobile, a computer, an industrial machine, or the like. Further, the present invention provides a plastic working plate suitable for forming a bottomed cylindrical body used as a metal pressure vessel (a bottle can for carbonated beverages such as beer, a gas cylinder, etc.) or a bottle can for soft drinks. The present invention relates to a material and a bottomed tubular body formed from the material. Background art
  • the friction stir welding method is in the category of the solid-state welding method, and has excellent advantages such as being not restricted by the type of metal material used as a joining member and having extremely little thermal distortion due to joining heat. It has been used as a joining means for various structures.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show a case where two joining members joined in such a manner that a step is formed on the surface side in the thickness direction are butt-joined by this friction stir welding.
  • 51 is a thin plate-shaped first joining member
  • 52 is a thick plate-shaped second joining member.
  • the first joining member 51 and the second joining member 52 are made of different types of metal materials, and the thicknesses of the two joining members 51 and 52 are also different. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the first joining member 51 has a high-temperature deformation resistance of Y 1 ′ and a thickness of tl ′, while the second joining member 52 has a high-temperature deformation resistance of Y 1 ′. 2 '(however, ⁇ 2' ⁇ ⁇ 1 ') and the wall thickness is t2' (where t2 '> t1').
  • the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 2 ′ of the second bonding member 52 is higher than the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 1 ′ of the first bonding member 51 (that is, Y 2 ′> Y 1 ′).
  • Each of the joining members 51 and 52 has one end surface 53 in the width direction as a butting surface.
  • the end surfaces 53, 53 of these two joining members 51, 52 are arranged such that the back surfaces thereof are flush with each other (butting portions 55).
  • a step corresponding to the difference in wall thickness occurs on the surface side.
  • Numeral 54 denotes a step formed on the surface at the position of the butted portion 55 of the two joining members 5 152, and 54 a denotes a corner of the step 54.
  • the joining tool 60 is a welding tool for friction stir welding.
  • the joining tool 60 is composed of a cylindrical rotor 61 having a large diameter, and a diameter provided integrally with the rotor 61 at the center of rotation of the end face 61 a of the rotor 61 along the rotation axis Q ′.
  • a rotatable one provided with a small pin-shaped probe 62, wherein the probe 62 is a joining head 63.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-249553 discloses that a probe 62 of a rotating welding tool 60 is joined to a butt portion as shown in FIG. 5 and the rotor 61 is arranged so that the rotation axis Q ′ of the rotor 61 is lower than the two joining members 51 and 52 on the side of the joining member (that is, the first joining member 1).
  • the probe 62 is moved relatively along the abutting portion 55 with respect to the two joining members 51, 52, so that the two joining members 51 A method of butt-joining 51 and 52 has been proposed.
  • M ′ indicates the joining direction
  • R ′ indicates the rotating direction of the rotor 61.
  • the flesh of the two joining members 51 and 52 scattered from the vicinity of the probe 62 is reflected by the end face 61 a of the rotor 61 or housed in the end face 61 a of the rotor 61.
  • the amount of frictional heat generated can be adjusted appropriately, and there is an advantage that the occurrence of joining defects due to insufficient frictional heat can be prevented.
  • the end face 61 a of the rotor 61 is butt-joined at the time of joining.
  • the shoulder 52a of the higher-side joining member that is, the second joining member 52
  • the shoulder 52a is formed so that its surface becomes an inclined surface. It can be plastically deformed, and as a result, there is an advantage that stress concentration generated in the step portion 54 can be reduced in the obtained butt joint.
  • P ′ indicates the normal line of the surface of the bonding member 5152 at the probe embedding position.
  • the edge at the position where the rotation direction R 'of the rotor 61 coincides with the welding direction M' on the inner peripheral edge of the welded portion W ' is generally called an advanced edge.
  • the edge located on the opposite side of the advanced edge is called a retrieving edge.
  • friction stir welding generally has a drawback that a cavity is easily formed near the advanced edge of the joint W ′.
  • This cavity is a junction defect continuously formed on the rear side in the movement direction of the probe 62 with the movement of the probe 62, and is called a tunnel-like junction defect.
  • the cause of the occurrence is due to insufficient plastic flow of the wall of the second joint member 2 on the advanced edge side.
  • the joining members 51 and 52 when the two joining members 51 and 52 are abutted in such a manner as to cause a step in the thickness direction as shown in the drawing, the joining members 51 and 52 exist in the corners 54 a of the step 54. During the joining process, the existing air is trapped inside the joint W ', which makes such tunnel-like joining defects more likely to occur.
  • metal pressure vessels such as bottles for carbonated beverages such as beer and gas cylinders are formed exclusively by drawing such as deep drawing, which is a type of plastic working. The reason is that drawing can form a seamless pressure vessel. This is because that.
  • the bottom wall and the top wall are formed to be thicker than the peripheral wall in order to satisfy the strength required for the pressure vessel.
  • the material for drawing is generally a plate-like material having a uniform wall thickness
  • the bottom wall or top wall of the pressure vessel is used. Drawing had to be performed so that the wall thickness of the part was thicker than that of the peripheral wall, and there was a drawback that advanced drawing technology was required.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and a first object of the present invention is a friction stir welding method for joining two joining members having different high-temperature deformation resistances by butt joining.
  • a friction stir welding method that can suppress the occurrence of tunnel-like joining defects due to insufficient plastic flow even when joining members are abutted in a manner that a step is generated on the surface side in the thickness direction. Is to do. ,
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a plate-shaped material for plastic working, which can easily form a processed product having a thick portion and a thin portion and has excellent formability, and to be formed from the material.
  • the present invention provides a bottomed cylindrical body. Disclosure of the invention
  • the first feature of the present invention relates to a friction stir welding method
  • the invention according to claim 1 uses a welding tool having a rotatable welding head and uses two welding members having different high-temperature deformation resistances.
  • This is a friction stir welding method in which the joining head is moved relative to the two joining members along the butt portion to butt join the two joining members.
  • the butt joining is performed by setting the direction of rotation from a joining member having high high-temperature deformation resistance to a joining member having low high-temperature deformation resistance.
  • the rotating direction of the welding head is changed from a joining member having a high high-temperature deformation resistance to a joining member having a low high-temperature deformation resistance on the rear side in the joining direction.
  • the joining member having the lower high-temperature deformation resistance of the two joining members is arranged on the advanced edge side.
  • the meat of the joining member softened by the frictional heat is rapidly plastically flowed by receiving the rotational force from the joining head, thereby suppressing the occurrence of tunnel-like joining defects.
  • the comparison of the high-temperature deformation resistance between the two joining members is made based on the deformation resistance at the joining temperature.
  • both of the joining members are made of, for example, aluminum or an alloy thereof
  • the invention according to claim 2 uses a joining tool having a rotatable joining head, a first joining member having a high-temperature deformation resistance and a thickness of Y1 and t1, respectively, and a high-temperature deformation resistance and a thickness of Abut the Y 2 (where Y 2 ⁇ Y 1) and the second joining member t 2 in such a manner that a step is formed on the surface side in the thickness direction, and join both rotating joining heads.
  • the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
  • the joining head of the tool consists of a small-diameter probe protruding from the end face of the large-diameter rotor.
  • the rotating axis of the rotating rotor is lower than the two joining members on the joining member side. In this state, the end face of the rotating rotor is pressed against the shoulder of the joining member on the higher side protruding from the joint, and the butt joint is formed in this state. Is what you do.
  • the thickness of both welding members scattered from the vicinity of the probe is reduced. Can be reflected on the end face of the rotor or housed in the end face of the rotor, so that joint defects due to insufficient thickness can be prevented.
  • the shoulder can be plastically deformed at the end face of the rotor such that the surface becomes an inclined surface. .
  • the amount of frictional heat generated is adjusted appropriately by appropriately changing the angle of inclination of the rotation axis of the rotor toward the joining member on the lower side, or by appropriately changing the outer diameter of the end face of the rotor. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of joining defects due to insufficient frictional heat.
  • the amount of frictional heat generated increases by pressing the end face of the rotor against the shoulder of the higher-side joining member, and by receiving the increased frictional heat, the thickness of the joining member arranged on the advanced edge side is increased. Is more rapidly plastically flown, and as a result, the occurrence of tunnel-like junction defects is more reliably suppressed.
  • the invention according to claim 4 uses a joining tool provided with a rotatable joining head consisting of a small-diameter probe protruding from an end face of a large-diameter rotor, and has a high-temperature deformation resistance and wall thickness.
  • the rotating probe is placed at or near the abutting part of the two joining members from the surface side, and the rotating rotor has its rotating axis It is arranged in a state of being inclined relatively to the first joining member side with respect to the joining member, and is arranged in a state where the end face of the rotating rotor is pressed against the shoulder of the second joining member protruding from the butt portion.
  • the probe is moved relative to the two joining members along the butt portion, thereby joining the two joining members by the friction stir welding method.
  • the butt joint is performed by setting the direction of rotation from the second joint member to the first joint member on the rear side in the joining direction.
  • the flesh of the first joining member disposed on the advanced edge side is rapidly plastically flown. Is more reliably suppressed.
  • the shoulder portion of the second joint member pressed against the end face of the rotor receives the pressure contact force from the end face of the rotor and the rotational force of the rotor.
  • a second feature of the present invention relates to a plate-shaped material for plastic working, which comprises a thick portion and a thin portion, and the thick portion and the thin portion are integrally joined by friction stir welding. It is characterized by having.
  • friction stir welding is in the category of solid-phase welding, and has the advantage that deformation such as thermal distortion due to welding is extremely small, and that the mechanical properties of the members to be welded due to the heat of welding are extremely small. Therefore, since the thick portion and the thin portion are joined and integrated by the friction stir welding, a material in which deformation such as thermal distortion due to joining is prevented or suppressed can be obtained. The thick portion and the thin portion can be joined and integrated without reducing the formability of the joint and the vicinity thereof.
  • the surface to be joined is formed such that the surface has an inclined surface. Since it can be joined, this friction stir welding By joining the thick part and the thin part together by joining together, the stress concentration that may occur at the step formed at the contact part between the thick part and the thin part during plastic working of the material is reduced. It can be relaxed, which improves the formability of the material. Therefore, by performing plastic working using this material, a processed product having excellent quality can be formed.
  • the material according to the present invention can be widely used as a material for various plastic workings, it is particularly preferable to use the material as a material for drawing such as deep drawing or spatula drawing (ie, spinning). Can be.
  • the thin portion is formed around the thick portion, and the thick portion is a bottom wall forming portion or a top wall forming member.
  • the thin portion is a peripheral wall forming portion.
  • plastic working is performed on the material so that the bottom portion or the top wall portion of the processed product from which the thick portion is obtained and the peripheral wall portion of the processed product from which the thin portion is obtained. Therefore, by performing plastic working using this material, a processed product having excellent quality having a thick bottom wall or a top wall and a thin peripheral wall is formed. It is particularly suitable for use as a material for forming a pressure vessel containing a pressure fluid therein.
  • the present invention also relates to a bottomed cylindrical body, and is characterized in that the plate-shaped material for plastic working having the second feature of the present invention is formed by plastic working.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a friction stir welding method according to an embodiment of the first feature of the present invention.
  • A is a perspective view of a state in which both joining members are being joined, and
  • B is a line I-I. It is a principal part enlarged sectional view.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part of the line II-II in FIG. 1 (A).
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the line III_III in FIG. 1 (A).
  • FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a state after bonding.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing a conventional friction stir welding method. It is a perspective view.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the line VI-VI in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a bottomed cylindrical body according to the first embodiment of the second feature of the present invention, where (A) is a perspective view and (B) is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a plate-shaped material for plastic working before forming the bottomed cylindrical body before joining, in which (A) is a plan view of the same material, and (B) is (A). () Is a sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII, and (C) is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A in (B).
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing the same material in a state of being joined, (A) is a perspective view of the same material, and (B) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the same material.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the same material after bonding
  • (A) is a perspective view of the same material
  • (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X in (A)
  • (C) is a view. It is an enlarged sectional view of B part in (B).
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B are views showing a bottomed cylindrical body according to a second embodiment of the second feature of the present invention, wherein FIG. 11A is a perspective view and FIG. 11B is a sectional view.
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing a plate-shaped material for plastic working for forming the cylindrical body with the bottom before joining
  • (A) is a plan view of the material
  • (B) is a diagram showing the same.
  • (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII
  • (C) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a C portion in (B)
  • (D) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a D portion in (B).
  • Fig. 13 is a view showing the same material after bonding
  • (A) is a plan view of the same material
  • (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in (A)
  • (C) is a sectional view.
  • (B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the E portion
  • (D) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the F portion in (B).
  • FIG. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the first feature of the present invention.
  • the butt joint obtained by friction stir welding in this embodiment is used as a tailored blank material for automobiles.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a thin long plate-shaped first joining member
  • 2 denotes a thick long plate-shaped second joining member.
  • the first joining member 1 and the second joining member 2 are made of different kinds of aluminum or an alloy thereof, and therefore have different high-temperature deformation resistances. Further, both joining members 1 and 2 have different wall thicknesses.
  • the high-temperature deformation resistance and the thickness of the first joining member 1 are Y1 and t1, respectively, while the high-temperature deformation resistance and the thickness of the second joining member 2 are the same.
  • Y 2 (where Y 2 ⁇ Y 1) and t 2 respectively.
  • t 2 is larger than t 1 (that is, t 2> t 1).
  • the product of the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 1 of the first joining member 1 and the thickness t 1 corresponds to the total high-temperature deformation resistance of the first joining member 1.
  • the product of the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 2 of the second bonding member 2 and the thickness t 2 corresponds to the total high-temperature deformation resistance of the second bonding member 2 .
  • the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 2 of the second bonding member 2 is larger than the high-temperature deformation resistance Y 1 of the first bonding member 1 (that is, Y 2> Y 1), and
  • the total high-temperature deformation resistance of the second joining member 2 Y 2 X t 2 is larger than 1 X t 1 (that is, Y 2 X t 2> Y 1 X t 1).
  • Each of the joining members 1 and 2 has one end surface 3 in the width direction as an abutting surface, and the end surface 3 is formed perpendicular to the front and back surfaces of the joining member.
  • the end surfaces 3, 3 of these two joining members 1, 2 are joined to each other so that the back surfaces thereof are flush with each other (butting portions 5). Therefore, the thicknesses of the both members in the thickness direction are increased.
  • a step corresponding to the difference occurs on the front side.
  • a backing member (not shown) is applied to the back surface of the butted portion 5 of the two joining members 1 and 2 thus butted.
  • reference numeral 4 denotes a step formed on the surface of the joining members 1 and 2 at the position of the abutting portion 5, and 4a denotes a corner of the step 4. ing.
  • the two joining members 1 and 2 are butted so that the back surfaces thereof are flush with each other, in this abutting state, the second joining member 2 is located on the higher side and the first joining member 1 is located on the lower side. Will be done.
  • Reference numeral 10 denotes a welding tool for friction stir welding.
  • This joining tool 10 is, like the one shown in the conventional example (see FIG. 5, reference numeral 60), a large-diameter cylindrical rotor 11, A rotatable rotor provided with a small-diameter pin-shaped probe 12 which is provided integrally with the rotor 11 at an end face 11 a of the end face 11 a of the rotation center portion and protrudes along the rotation axis Q.
  • the pin-shaped probe 12 is used as a joining head 13.
  • the rotor 11 and the probe 12 are made of a heat-resistant material that is harder than the two joining members 1 and 2 and that can withstand frictional heat generated during joining.
  • a stirring protrusion (not shown) for stirring the meat of the two joining members 1 and 2 softened by frictional heat.
  • at least the outer peripheral edge of the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 is in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis Q.
  • the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 1 is formed of a flat face.
  • the end face 11a of the rotor 11 may have a shape depressed from the outer periphery to the rotation center.
  • the rotor 11 of the joining tool 10 is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction about the rotation axis Q (this rotation direction). , which will be described later), thereby rotating the probe 12. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation of the rotating rotor 11 on the surface side of the two joining members 1, 2 The axis Q is inclined to the first joining member 1 side. Then, in this state, the rotating probe 12 is embedded in the butt 5 from within the corner 4 a of the step 4. Further, the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 is pressed against the shoulder 2 a of the second joining member 2 projecting from the butting portion 5 in a manner of straddling the joining members 1 and 2.
  • P indicates the surface normal of the joint members 1 and 2 at the probe embedding position.
  • ⁇ (where 0 ° ⁇ 90 °) indicates the inclination angle of the rotation axis Q of the rotor 11 with respect to P toward the first joining member 1 side.
  • the probe 12 may be embedded in the butted portion 5 from the end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the joining members 1 and 2. Further, after the probe 12 is embedded in the butting portion 2, the rotation axis Q of the rotor 11 may be inclined toward the first joining member 1.
  • the posture of the rotor 11 is fixed downward and the two joint members are fixed. Such a state may be realized by inclining 1 and 2 with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • the probe 12 is moved along the butt 5.
  • This The moving direction M of lobe 5 is the joining direction.
  • the rotation axis Q of the rotor 11 is slightly inclined rearward in the joining direction M so that the front of the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 in the joining direction is It is desirable that the second joining member 2 be lifted from the shoulder 2a and moved in this state. By doing so, it is possible to prevent a problem in which the front part of the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 1 in the joining direction is caught by fine irregularities that may be present on the surface of the shoulder 2 a of the second joint member 2. As a result, the probe 12 can be smoothly moved in a predetermined direction.
  • the two joining members 1 and 2 are butted so as to satisfy the relational expression of ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2> 1 1 1;
  • the direction L is set so that the second joining member 2 rotates to the first joining member 1.
  • the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe 12 and the frictional heat generated by the sliding between the end face 1 la of the rotor 11 and the surfaces of the two joining members 1 and 2 make the two joining members 1 And 2 soften near the contact with the probe. Then, the meat in the softened portions of the two joining members 1 and 2 is stirred and mixed by the rotational force of the rotor 11 and the probe 12 and passes through the probe 12 as the probe 12 moves. It flows plastically to fill the grooves. At this time, since the first joining member 1 arranged on the advanced edge side of both joining members 1 and 2 has a low total high-temperature deformation resistance, the thickness of the first joining member 1 is determined by this rotor.
  • the plastic flow will quickly flow so as to fill the probe passage groove, so that the probe passage groove is filled quickly and without lack of meat. Become like For this reason, a cavity does not occur not only near the retreating but also near the advanced edge. In this way, while the meat is quickly and completely filled in the probe passage groove, the meat rapidly loses frictional heat and is cooled and solidified.
  • the shoulder 2a of the second joining member 2 receives the pressing force from the end face 11a of the rotor 11 and is plastically deformed so that its surface becomes an inclined surface. .
  • the probe passage groove is filled with the thickness of both the joining members 1 and 2 without shortage, that is, a tunnel-like joint defect occurs near the advanced edge of the joint W. Since it does not have a high bonding strength.
  • the butt-joint joint is formed such that the shoulder 2a of the second joint member 2 is plastically deformed and its surface becomes an inclined surface, the stress concentration generated in the step 4 can be alleviated. It has become.
  • the meat of the shoulder 2a of the second joining member 2 softened by frictional heat is pressed from the end face 11a of the rotor 111.
  • the plastic flow is caused to flow to the first joint member 1 side, and as a result, the meat of the shoulder 2 a is placed in the corner 4 a of the step portion 4. It will be filled efficiently. Therefore, the obtained butt-joint has a sufficient thickness of the shoulder portion 2a filled in the corner portion 4a of the step portion 4, that is, has a high joining strength.
  • the flesh of the two joining members 1 and 2 scattered from the vicinity of the probe is reflected by the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 1 or the end face 1 1 a of the rotor 11 1 And can prevent joint defects due to lack of meat.
  • the inclination angle of the rotation axis Q of the rotor 11 to the first joint member 1 side was changed as appropriate, and the outer diameter of the end face 11 a of the rotor 11 was changed as appropriate.
  • the position of the probe 12 is Alternatively, the joining may be performed by moving the joining members 1 and 2 so that the butting portion 5 passes through the probe 12 sequentially. In this case, the direction opposite to the moving direction of the two joining members 1 and 2 is the joining direction.
  • FIG. 10 shows a first embodiment of a plate material for plastic working according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a bottomed cylindrical body formed from the material.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 101 shown in FIG. 7 is used as a pressure vessel for accommodating a pressurized fluid inside a bottled can for carbonated beverages such as beer or a gas cylinder, and is made of aluminum. And a thick disk-shaped bottom wall 102, and a thin cylindrical peripheral wall 103 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall 102. ing.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 101 is formed by deep drawing a raw material 110. As shown in FIGS. 10 (A) and (B), the raw material 110 is entirely formed in a disk shape, and has a thick portion K formed in a central portion thereof. A thin portion N is formed around the thick portion K. As shown in FIGS.
  • the thick portion K is formed from a thick disk-shaped first element 11 1 made of aluminum or an alloy thereof.
  • the thin portion N is formed of a thin annular plate-shaped second piece 112 made of aluminum or an alloy thereof having a circular first element fitting hole 112b at the center thereof. .
  • the first element 1 11 is a portion forming the bottom wall portion 102 of the bottomed cylindrical body 101, and has a thickness of, for example, 5 mm, and Is, for example, made of A5083.
  • the second element 112 is a portion forming the peripheral wall 103 of the bottomed cylindrical body 101, and has a thickness of, for example, 3 mm and a material such as A5 It is made of 083.
  • the first element 1 1 1 1 is fitted exactly into the fitting hole 1 1 2 b of the second element 1 1 2, and in this fitted state, the first element 1 1 1
  • the first piece 1 1 1 1 is formed by joining the peripheral edge and the fitting hole 1 1 2 b of the second piece 1 1 2 over the entire circumference by friction stir welding (W is a joint).
  • W is a joint.
  • the second element 1 1 2 are integrated.
  • This material 110 was manufactured as follows.
  • the first piece is placed in the fitting hole 1 12 b of the second piece 112 placed on the joining bed (not shown).
  • the pieces 111 are fitted in such a manner that the lower surface of the second piece 112 and the lower surface of the first piece 111 are flush with each other.
  • the thickness of the first element 111 and the thickness of the second element 112 are different, and as shown in FIG. A step corresponding to the difference in wall thickness is formed at the position of the peripheral edge of the fitting hole 112b of the second element 112 on the upper surface of the pieces 111, 112 in the thickness direction.
  • reference numeral 115 denotes a step portion of the two pieces 111, 112, and reference numeral 115a denotes a corner portion of the step portion 115.
  • Reference numeral 114 denotes a fitting portion between the first element 111 and the second element 112.
  • Reference numeral 111a denotes a shoulder of the first element 111 protruding from the fitting portion 115 toward the upper surface in the thickness direction.
  • Reference numeral 120 denotes a welding tool for friction stir welding, which has a large-diameter cylindrical rotor 1 2 1 and an end face 1 2 of the rotor 1 2 1.
  • a small-diameter pin-shaped probe 122 protruding along the rotation axis at the center of rotation of 1a is provided.
  • the rotor 122 and the probe 122 are made of a heat-resistant material that is harder than the two pieces 111 and 112 and that can withstand the frictional heat generated during joining. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the probe 122, a stirrer (not shown) for stirring the meat of the two pieces 111, 112 softened by frictional heat is formed.
  • this joining tool 120 uses this joining tool 120 to rotate the rotor 1 2 1 and the probe 1 2 2 and move the rotation axis to the 2 1 piece 2 side to the 2 pieces 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 To tilt relatively. Then, in this state, the rotating probe 1 2 2 is inserted into the fitting portion 1 1 4 of the two pieces 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 from the top side, and further, the rotating rotation The end face 1 2 1 a of the child 1 2 1 is pressed against the shoulder 1 1 1 a of the first element 1 1 1 protruding from the fitting section 1 1 4. In this state, the probe 1 22 is moved relative to the two pieces 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 along the fitting portion 1 1 4 to make one turn.
  • the fitting part 114 is joined by the probe 122 at the probe embedding position one after another.
  • the first element 111 and the second element 112 are joined together by friction stir welding, so that deformation such as thermal distortion due to joining is almost eliminated. Has not occurred.
  • a first piece 11 1 and a second piece 1 12 are respectively provided on the material 110 by a well-known deep drawing machine equipped with a punch and a die.
  • a well-known deep drawing machine equipped with a punch and a die.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 101 shown in FIG. 7 is formed.
  • the joint W is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall 102.
  • the shoulder 1 1 1 1 a of the first piece 1 1 1 of the material 1 1 1 is plastically deformed, so that the surface thereof is as shown in FIG.
  • a step is required when the element 110 is deep drawn.
  • the stress concentration that may occur in the part (see Fig. 8 (C), reference numeral 115) is reduced.
  • the material 110 is formed by joining the first element 111 and the second element 112 together by friction stir welding, the mechanical properties of the material 110 are extremely deteriorated due to the joining heat. It is small, and the formability of the joint W and its vicinity is good.
  • the material 110 may be generated in the vicinity of a bent portion or a joint W connecting the bottom wall portion 102 and the peripheral wall portion 103. Forming defects such as cracks with cracks do not occur, and such deep drawing can be easily performed. As a result, a bottomed cylindrical body 101 having excellent quality can be formed. Become. For this reason, the bottomed cylindrical body 101 formed in this way can be particularly suitably applied as a pressure vessel for containing a pressurized fluid inside.
  • FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of a plate material for plastic working according to the second feature of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a bottomed cylindrical body formed from the material.
  • this material and the bottomed cylindrical body will be described focusing on differences from the first embodiment.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 13 1 shown in Fig. 12 is made of aluminum or its alloy.
  • a circular hole 134a is formed at the top of the ceiling wall section 134.
  • This bottomed cylindrical body 131 is formed by deep drawing and spatula drawing of the material 140.
  • the material 140 is formed entirely in a disk shape, and has a first thick portion K1 in the center.
  • a thin portion N is formed around the first thick portion K1
  • a second thick portion K2 is formed around the thin portion N.
  • the first thick portion K1 is formed from a thick disk-shaped first piece 141 made of aluminum or an alloy thereof.
  • the thin portion N is formed from a thin annular plate-shaped second piece 142 made of aluminum or an alloy thereof having a circular first element fitting hole 144b at the center.
  • the second thick portion K 2 is a thick annular plate-shaped third piece 14 made of aluminum or an alloy thereof having a circular second material fitting hole 144 b at the center. It is formed from three.
  • the first element 14 1 is a portion forming the bottom wall portion 13 2 of the bottomed cylindrical body 13 1, and has a thickness of, for example, 5 mm, and Is, for example, made of A5083.
  • the second piece 14 2 is a portion forming the peripheral wall portion 13 3 of the bottomed cylindrical body 13 1, and has a thickness of, for example, 3 mm and a material of, for example, A 508 3 It is made of.
  • the third element 144 is a portion forming the top wall portion 134 of the bottomed cylindrical body 131, and has a thickness of, for example, 5 mm and a material of, for example, A50. It is made of 83.
  • the first element 1 4 1 fits exactly in b, and in this state, the outer peripheral edge of the first element 14 1 and the fitting hole 1 4 2 b of the second element 14 2
  • the first piece 11 1 and the second piece 1 12 are integrated with each other by being joined over the entire periphery by friction stir welding with the peripheral portion, and further, the outside of the second piece 14 2
  • the peripheral portion and the fitting hole 14 of the third element 14 4 3 b are joined over the entire periphery by friction stir welding, so that the second element 14 2 and the third element 1 4 and 3 are integrated.
  • This material 140 was produced as follows.
  • the second element is inserted into the fitting hole 144b of the third element 143 placed on the joining bed (not shown).
  • 142 is fitted so that the lower surface of the third element 143 and the lower surface of the second element 142 are flush with each other.
  • a step corresponding to the thickness difference between the two is formed at the position of the fitting hole 143b of the third element 143 on the upper surface of the element 143 in the thickness direction.
  • 147 indicates the step of the two pieces 142 and 143
  • 147a indicates the corner of the step 147.
  • Reference numeral 146 denotes a fitting portion between the second element 142 and the third element 143.
  • Reference numeral 143a denotes a shoulder of the third element 143 projecting from the fitting portion 146 to the upper surface side in the thickness direction.
  • the first element 141 is inserted into the fitting hole 142b of the second element 142, in a mode in which the lower surface of the second element 142 and the lower surface of the first element 141 are flush with each other, Mates. In this fitted state, the thickness of the first piece 141 and the thickness of the second piece 142 are different, so that as shown in FIG.
  • a step corresponding to the thickness difference between the two pieces is formed in the upper surface of the pieces 141 and 142 at the position of the peripheral edge of the fitting hole 142b of the second piece 42 in the thickness direction.
  • reference numeral 145 denotes a step of the two pieces 141, 1142, and 145a denotes a corner of the step 144.
  • Reference numeral 144 denotes a fitting portion between the first piece 141 and the second piece 142.
  • Reference numeral 141a denotes a shoulder of the first piece 141 projecting from the fitting portion 144 toward the upper surface in the thickness direction.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the second piece 142 and the third peripheral piece are connected to each other by using the joining tool for friction stir welding (see FIG. 9, reference numeral 120) shown in the first embodiment.
  • the third piece 143 and the second piece 142 are integrated by joining the fitting hole 143b of the piece 143 and the peripheral edge of the piece 143b over the entire circumference by friction stir welding.
  • the outer periphery of the first piece 141 and the fitting hole 142b of the second piece 142 are joined together over the entire periphery by friction stir welding, thereby obtaining the second piece.
  • 142 and the first element 1 4 1 are integrated. This friction stir welding is performed by the same welding operation and welding procedure as in the first embodiment, and redundant description will be omitted.
  • the first piece 1441 and the second piece 1442 are joined and integrated by friction stir welding, so that deformation such as thermal distortion accompanying the joining is almost eliminated. Has not occurred. Furthermore, since the second piece 1442 and the third piece 1443 are also joined and integrated by friction stir welding, deformation such as thermal distortion due to the joining hardly occurs.
  • a first piece 14 1 and a second piece 14 2 are respectively provided on the material 140 by a well-known deep drawing machine equipped with a punch and a die. Deep drawing is performed so that the bottom wall portion 13 2 and the peripheral wall portion 13 3 of the body 13 1 are formed. Further, by performing a spatula drawing by a known spatula drawing apparatus so that the third element 13 2 becomes the top wall portion 13 4 of the bottomed cylindrical body 13 1, FIG. The bottomed cylindrical body 13 1 shown is formed.
  • a joint W 1 joining the first piece 14 1 and the second piece 14 2 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall 13 2
  • a joint W2 that joins the second element 144 and the third element 144 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling wall section 134.
  • the shoulder portion 141a of the first piece 1441 of the material 140 is plastically deformed, so that the surface thereof is formed as shown in FIG. 3 (D).
  • a step is required when the element 140 is deep drawn.
  • the stress concentration that may occur in the part (see Fig. 12 (D), reference numeral 1 45) is reduced.
  • the material 140 is formed by joining the first piece 1441 and the second piece 142 by friction stir welding, the material 140 is formed at the joint W1 and at a site near the joint W1. Workability is good.
  • this material 140 is subjected to deep drawing, it occurs near the bent portion or the joint W1 connecting the bottom wall portion 132 and the peripheral wall portion 133. Deformation defects such as cracks that may occur do not occur, and such deep drawing can be easily performed.
  • the shoulder 144a of the third piece 144 of the material 140 is plastically deformed, and the surface is shown in Fig. 13 (C). Is formed on the inclined surface straddling the upper surface of the second element 144 and the upper surface of the third element 144 as described above. (Refer to Fig. 12 (C), reference numeral 1 447) The stress concentration that may occur can be reduced.
  • the material 140 is a third element.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 131 formed in this manner can be particularly suitably used as a pressure vessel for accommodating a pressurized fluid therein.
  • the bottomed cylindrical bodies 101 and 131 of the above embodiment are all cylindrical, but the bottomed cylindrical body according to the present invention is also a square cylindrical one. There may be.
  • the materials 110 and 140 of the above-described embodiment are both disk-shaped, but the material according to the present invention may also be square-plate-shaped.
  • the materials 110 and 140 of the above embodiment are used for drawing such as deep drawing and spatula drawing, but the material according to the present invention is used for other plastic working. You can use it.
  • the material according to the present invention may be composed of a plurality of metal pieces made of the same material, and may be composed of a plurality of metal pieces made of different materials. Is also good. As described above, even when the material is composed of a plurality of pieces made of different materials, friction stir welding has an advantage that dissimilar metal materials can be satisfactorily joined together. It is possible to provide a material having a good bonding state.
  • the average deformation resistance of 6003-T5 in the range of 400 to 550 ° C and the average deformation resistance of 50052-H34 in the same temperature range are as follows. It is generally known that H34 is higher. Therefore, when the total high-temperature deformation resistance of the first bonding member 1 and the total high-temperature deformation resistance of the second bonding member 2 are compared in the same temperature range, the second bonding member 2 is higher.
  • the two joining members 1 and 2 were butted in such a manner that the back surfaces thereof were continuous with each other. Then, the rotation direction of the rotor 11 of the welding tool 10 is set to the direction L of rotation from the second welding member 2 to the first welding member 1 on the rear side in the welding direction M, and The two joining members 1 and 2 were butt-joined according to the joining procedure shown in the form.
  • the rotating direction of the rotor 11 of the welding tool 10 was set to the direction R of rotation from the first welding member 1 to the second welding member 2 on the rear side in the welding direction M, and butt welding was performed.
  • the joining members used and other joining conditions are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the back surfaces of the two joining members 1 and 2 are flush with each other. Matched in the manner. Then, the rotation direction of the rotor 11 of the welding tool 10 is set to the direction L of rotation from the second welding member 2 to the first welding member 1 on the rear side in the welding direction M, and According to the joining procedure shown in the form, both joining members 1 and 2 were butt-joined.
  • Example 1 The joints of the butt joints obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were cross-sectionally observed with a microscope to examine the joint state.
  • a first piece 11 having a thickness of 5 mm and a material of A5083 is used.
  • a second piece 12 having a thickness of 3 mm and a material of A5083 was prepared.
  • the first piece 1 1 1 and the second piece 1 1 2 are joined together by friction stir welding according to the joining operation and procedure of the first embodiment, thereby forming a deep drawing material 1 1 0 Was made.
  • the bottomed cylindrical body 101 was formed by performing deep drawing on the material 110.
  • a material for deep drawing was manufactured by joining and integrating the first element and the second element by MIG welding. Next, a bottomed cylindrical body was formed by performing deep drawing on this material. Other forming conditions are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • Example 1 The first piece and the second piece are joined and integrated by laser beam welding. , And produced a material for deep drawing. Next, a deep-drawn cylindrical body was formed by performing deep drawing on this material. Other forming conditions are the same as those in Example 1.
  • the materials produced in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were examined for the deformation state due to joining or welding and the deep drawability. Table 1 shows the results. Table 1

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé de liaison par frottement/brassage au moyen d'un outil de liaison (10) à tête liaison rotative (13). Ce procédé consiste à : placer bout à bout deux éléments à réunir (1, 2) à indices différents de résistance à la déformation aux hautes températures, ceci de manière à ce qu'il y ait un décrochement entre les bords de contact dans le sens de l'épaisseur ; présenter la tête de liaison (13) en rotation de telle sorte qu'elle pénètre dans la zone de butée (5) entre les deux éléments à relier ou à proximité de cette zone et, dans cette position, déplacer la tête de liaison (13) par rapport aux deux éléments à relier (1, 2) le long de la zone de butée (5) de manière à relier bout à bout les deux éléments (1, 2). La liaison bout à bout s'obtient en calant le sens de rotation de la tête de liaison (13) sur une direction (L) telle que sur le bord arrière dans le sens de la liaison, la tête tourne en allant de l'élément (2) qui présente l'indice de résistante aux déformations sous hautes températures le plus élevé vers l'élément (1) qui présente l'indice de résistance aux déformations sous hautes températures le plus faible.
PCT/JP2002/002144 2001-03-07 2002-03-07 Procede de liaison par frottement/brassage, materiau plat pour formage plastique et corps de type manchon a extremite fermee WO2002070186A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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DE10296452T DE10296452B4 (de) 2001-03-07 2002-03-07 Reibrührschweißverfahren und Herstellungsverfahren für einen mit einem Boden versehenen zylindrischen Körper
US10/469,228 US20040074949A1 (en) 2001-03-07 2002-03-07 Friction agitation joining method flat material for plastic working and closed end sleeve like body

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JP2001063304A JP4597402B2 (ja) 2001-03-07 2001-03-07 摩擦撹拌接合法
JP2001-63304 2001-03-07
JP2001078313A JP4663892B2 (ja) 2001-03-19 2001-03-19 塑性加工用板状素材及び有底筒状体
JP2001-78313 2001-03-19
US30313901P 2001-07-06 2001-07-06
US30304501P 2001-07-06 2001-07-06
US60/303,139 2001-07-06
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WO2004089571A1 (fr) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-21 Luxfer Group Limited Procede de formage et ebauche pour sa mise en oeuvre
GB2405609A (en) * 2002-07-08 2005-03-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd Manufacturing method of butt joint, butt joint, manufacturing thod of bent member and friction stir joining method
US7275675B1 (en) 2004-08-20 2007-10-02 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Friction stir weld tools
EP2810735A1 (fr) 2013-06-05 2014-12-10 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH Outil et procédé de soudage par friction malaxage avec un épaulement non circonférentiel

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DE202016105555U1 (de) * 2016-03-31 2017-07-03 Kuka Industries Gmbh Rührreibschweißtechnologie zum Verbinden von Bauteilen aus unterschiedlichen Materialien

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JP2002035961A (ja) * 2000-07-26 2002-02-05 Showa Denko Kk 摩擦撹拌接合法

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JP2000167676A (ja) * 1998-12-04 2000-06-20 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd アルミニウム合金の接合材
JP2001269779A (ja) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-02 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd 接合方法及びテーラードブランク板材並びに接合ツール
JP2001321968A (ja) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-20 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 金属部材の接合材及び金属部材の接合方法
JP2002035961A (ja) * 2000-07-26 2002-02-05 Showa Denko Kk 摩擦撹拌接合法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2405609A (en) * 2002-07-08 2005-03-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd Manufacturing method of butt joint, butt joint, manufacturing thod of bent member and friction stir joining method
GB2405609B (en) * 2002-07-08 2006-05-31 Honda Motor Co Ltd Manufacturing method of butt joint, butt joint, manufacturing method of bent member and friction stir joining method
WO2004089571A1 (fr) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-21 Luxfer Group Limited Procede de formage et ebauche pour sa mise en oeuvre
US7523850B2 (en) 2003-04-07 2009-04-28 Luxfer Group Limited Method of forming and blank therefor
US7275675B1 (en) 2004-08-20 2007-10-02 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Friction stir weld tools
EP2810735A1 (fr) 2013-06-05 2014-12-10 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH Outil et procédé de soudage par friction malaxage avec un épaulement non circonférentiel

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