WO2002062914A1 - Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for use in adhesive tape - Google Patents
Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for use in adhesive tape Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002062914A1 WO2002062914A1 PCT/GB2002/000449 GB0200449W WO02062914A1 WO 2002062914 A1 WO2002062914 A1 WO 2002062914A1 GB 0200449 W GB0200449 W GB 0200449W WO 02062914 A1 WO02062914 A1 WO 02062914A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- adhesives
- triboluminescent
- butyl
- solvent
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/30—Luminescent or fluorescent substances, e.g. for optical bleaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
Definitions
- This invention relates to applications of triboluminescent materials, in particular it relates to the use of triboluminescent materials in paper products.
- Triboluminescent materials are known - (L M Sweeting &. J L Guido, J. of Luminescence, 33, (1985), pl67, N Kitamura et al, Chem Phys Letts, 125, (1986), p360, B P Shandra, et al Pramana-J Phys, 29, (1987), p399, C R Hurt, et al Nature, 212, (1966), pl79; L M Sweeting & A L Rheingold, J Am Chem Soc, 109,(1987), p2652 M B Hocking, et al, J. of Luminescence, 43, (1989), p309). Triboluminescence is the effect seen when a material emits light when particles of the material are damaged/fractured or strained.
- a method of making paper that emits light when torn and/or pressed and/or gripped and/or folded comprises the steps of coating and/or impregnating the paper with triboluminescent material.
- triboliminescent material When coating and/or impregnating the paper it may be necessary to apply the triboliminescent material in one or more of a number of ways, for example;
- the triboluminescent material may be glued onto the paper either directly and/or in an encapsulant such as a polymer;
- the solvent will be an organic solvent though this will be a function of the solvation properties of the triboluminescent material.
- Suitable polymers for use in encapsulation include the following:
- Acrylic and methacrylic resins polyimides, polyamides, melamine/formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, poly(p-xylylene), gelatin, poly(lactic acid), polyester resins and alkyd resins.
- Typical adhesives include;
- the adhesive composition may also comprise one or more of the following additional reagents such as solvents, dispersants, plasticisers, curing agents, dyes, fillers, stabilisers, anti-oxidants etc as is understood in the art.
- additional reagents such as solvents, dispersants, plasticisers, curing agents, dyes, fillers, stabilisers, anti-oxidants etc as is understood in the art.
- the compositions may include water as a solvent or dispersant or an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran etc. may be present in order to ensure that the composition is homogenous and will spread well.
- paper which comprises one or more triboluminescent materials such that the paper triboluminesces when the paper is torn and/or pressed and/or gripped and/or folded.
- Such paper is obtainable by the method of the first aspect of the invention.
- paper is also taken to include paper-like products such as cardboard, kitchen-roll, tissue and the like.
- a prod ⁇ ct comprising the paper of the second aspect of the invention is provided.
- triboluminescent materials are chosen from the following general formulae:
- M is Eu, Tb, Dy or Sm
- R2 is H or C1-C6 alkyl or phenyl
- Rl and R3 are independently of each other selected from phenyl, H, C1-C6 alkyl;
- L is p-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine, N-methylimidazole or p-methoxypyridine-N-oxide.
- the C1-C6 alkyl groups can be straight chain or branched and are typically methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, ter-butyl or the different positional isomers of pentyl and hexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or methyl cyclopentyl.
- the alkyl groups contain 1-4 carbon atoms.
- M is Eu, Tb or Dy.
- R2 is preferably H.
- Rl and R3 are each tert-butyl or phenyl.
- tetrahedral manganese (II) complexes for instance bis-triphenylphosphine oxide manganese II bromide
- a single triboluminescent compound or a composition comprised of a plurality of triboluminescent compounds may be used. Different triboluminescent compositions may be applied to different regions of the paper in an overlapping or non-overlapping pattern. Triboluminescent compositions applied substantially to the surface of the paper may be applied to one side or to both sides. Different compositions may be applied to each side of the paper. In all of the above applications the triboluminescence is taken to be of sufficient intensity that the human eye is capable of seeing it in substantially day light and/or room lighting conditions.
- the paper of the second aspect of the present invention or the product of the third aspect of the present invention may be such that the triboluminescence is of such intensity to be machine readable only.
- the paper products of the current invention may be used in devices for authenticating and identifying particular products and for applying security markings.
- Such devices encompass the use of triboluminescent paper wherein the triboluminescence is both capable and not capable of being seen by the human eye in substantially day light and/or room lighting conditions.
- a flashing form of paper (e.g. writing paper, tissue or cardboard) according to the present invention may be fabricated as follows. Paper is soaked in a solution of triboluminescent material and any excess solvent is evaporated off. The paper may then be torn, folded or crumpled to test for a triboluminescent effect.
- An alternative method of fabrication involves melting the triboluminescent material and allowing the melt to soak into the paper.
- An alternative method of fabrication involves admixture of a triboluminescent (TL) material to paper pulp, which is then processed by normal known methods to provide a finished paper product.
- TL triboluminescent
- a further method of providing a flashing form of paper according to the invention comprises forming a layer of pulp fibre onto which a triboluminescent composition is deposited, eg. by sprinkling the solid from a sieve or dispensing roller, or by ink jet printing of a suspension of TL material.
- a further layer of pulp fibre is deposited to laminate the TL material in place, and ' the whole is further processed to provide a paper product.
- the above methods of fabrication have the advantage that the TL material is enclosed in the body of the paper and may be difficult to detect at the surface until its light emission is activated, thereby adding to the surprise of the effect or adding to the covert nature of the effect in the case that it is used as means for authentication of the article.
- An alternative method of fabrication involves gluing triboluminescent material to the surface of the paper, alternatively the triboluminescent material is encapsulated, for example, in polymer which may then be coated on to the surface of the paper.
- suitable polymer include poly vinyl alcohol.
- the polymer may be applied whilst still in monomer form and subsequently cured.
- the triboluminescent material may be used as an untreated additive.
- the TL material may be encapsulated by known means before it is incorporated in the paper. Suitable means for encapsulation include suspending the TL material in a solution of a poly(amic acid), followed by spray drying and heat treatment. The TL material is thereby encapsulated in a poly(imide) coating.
- Suitable means for encapsulation also include exposure of the material to vapour of p- xylylene, obtained by thermal cracking of p-2,2-cyclophane.
- the material is agitated during this vapour treatment by such means as a fluidised bed or by ultrasound or by being placed on a vibrating surface.
- Encapsulation may contribute to the durability of the product, eg., by allowing the paper product to retain its TL effect after long storage, after washing or exposure to chemicals, or after exposure to conditions such as high temperature and humidity.
- Encapsulation or indeed the general concept of the triboluminescent material being a part of the body of the paper means that the triboluminescent material is capable of being regenerated.
- the product may be melted and recrystallised in such a way that the crystals are effectively regenerated in terms of their triboluminescent effect.
- Paper was impregnated by soaking in a solvent (18.947g of chloroform) containing triboluminescent material (0.813g of Menthyl 9-anthracene carboxylate) and evaporating off any excess chloroform. This solution was poured over 80g/m 2 paper and allowed to soak in. The soaked paper was then left uncovered in a filter recirculation cabinet while the chloroform evaporated. After half an hour the paper was torn and bright flashes were observed. This work was repeated to test the application of this method to a lower grade of paper by substituting paper towelling for the 80g/m 2 paper. The results were similar.
- Example 2 Example 2
- M9AC Menthyl 9-anthracene carboxylate
- Triboliminescent crystals were glued onto the surface of the paper. "Spray Mount” a commercially available adhesive from 3M was sprayed onto 80g/m 2 paper. Crystals of Menthyl 9-anthracene carboxylate were then scattered over the adhesive. Excess crystals were shaken off the paper. Flashes were seen as the paper was torn. In order to test different triboluminescent materials, this experiment was repeated with crystals of Europium tetrakis dibenzoyl methide triethyl ammonium (ETBMTA) salt and similar results were obtained.
- EBMTA Europium tetrakis dibenzoyl methide triethyl ammonium
- Crystals of triboluminescent material were encapsulated in a polymer which was then coated onto the surface of paper.
- Two systems were tested, one used Norland 65 (N65) a UV curable monomer system and the other used poly vinyl alcohol (PVA).
- N65 Norland 65
- PVA poly vinyl alcohol
- M9AC poly vinyl alcohol
- This resulting material was then thinly coated onto a sample of the 80g/m 2 paper and polymerised in an Hereaus Suntest CPS+ apparatus.
- the resulting paper with polymer / M9AC layer was tested and flashes were seen on tearing the paper. This experiment was repeated with 0.438g ETBMTA, 1.162g N65.
- the methods and products of the present invention may be used in such products such as wrapping paper and novelty crackers. Manufacturers are constantly looking for ways in which to make such products more visually appealing and typically this is limited to creating new designs. As such it is a further objective of the present invention to provide aesthetic effects in relation to paper products through the use of technical structures and/or other technical means.
- a card outer wrapper for a novelty Christmas cracker was provided with a spiral pattern perforated tear line in its central region.
- the perforated line alone was coated with a triboluminescent composition comprising terbium tris-tetramethylheptanedionate dimethylaminopyridine dispersed in a gum acacia binder.
- the novelty cracker was assembled and tested by pulling until breakage. A green novelty flash was visible under room lighting in addition to the other standard features of the cracker.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT02712028T ATE295399T1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | ADHESIVE COMPOSITION CONTAINING TRIBOLUMINESCENT MATERIALS FOR DETECTING TAMPERING OF A SEALED ARTICLE |
AU2002231936A AU2002231936A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for use in adhesive tape |
US10/467,317 US20040058150A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for use in adhesive tape |
DE60204117T DE60204117T2 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | ADHESIVE COMPOSITION, CONTAINING TRIBOLUMINESCENT MATERIALS FOR DETERMINING THE MANIPULATION OF A SEALED ARTICLE |
EP02712028A EP1358295B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for detecting tampering of a sealed article |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0102879.4 | 2001-02-06 | ||
GBGB0102879.4A GB0102879D0 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2001-02-06 | Triboluminescent devices |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002062914A1 true WO2002062914A1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
WO2002062914A8 WO2002062914A8 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
WO2002062914A9 WO2002062914A9 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
Family
ID=9908172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2002/000449 WO2002062914A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-02-04 | Triboluminescent materials in adhesive compositions for use in adhesive tape |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040058150A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1358295B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE295399T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002231936A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60204117T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0102879D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002062914A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2380199A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-04-02 | Qinetiq Ltd | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
WO2007019999A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Baerlocher Gmbh | Stabilizer compositions based on guanidine or melamine compounds to stabilize halogen-containing polymers |
US7230127B2 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2007-06-12 | Qinetiq Limited | Photoluminescent compounds |
WO2010040798A1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-04-15 | Arjo Wiggins Fine Papers Limited | Improved coating method |
US7772315B2 (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2010-08-10 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Triboluminescent materials and golf balls made from such materials |
WO2012080467A1 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas | Security document comprising a reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
FR2969152A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-22 | Oberthur Technologies | New reversible triboluminescent boronic acid compound, useful for fiduciary and customization in security document such as a banknote, smart card or passport |
EP2964723A4 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-12-14 | Fullproof Llc | Flexible polymeric materials containing triboluminescent compounds, protective devices containing such materials, and methods of manufacturing the same |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100557144B1 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2006-03-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ethernet Passive Optical Network for Convergence of Broadcasting and Telecommunication By Using Time Dividing Multiplex |
US7644369B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2010-01-05 | Rocket Software, Inc. | Controlling display screen legibility |
US20050210400A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-22 | Peter Hoe-Richardson | Controlling display screen legibility |
US7307702B1 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2007-12-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Color switchable stress-fracture sensor for damage control |
KR101501525B1 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2015-03-11 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Color tunable mechanoluminescent composite film and method for tuning color of the same |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3075853A (en) * | 1960-08-08 | 1963-01-29 | Norton Co | Pressure sensitive adhesive tape |
US5858495A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1999-01-12 | Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Long-afterglow adhesive tape |
US6071632A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 2000-06-06 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Triboluminescent lanthanideIII complexes |
EP1191076A1 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-27 | Jackstädt GmbH | Luminescent coating composition |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9523240D0 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1996-01-17 | Secr Defence | Damage sensors |
GB0119726D0 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2001-10-03 | Qinetiq Ltd | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
GB0119729D0 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2001-10-03 | Qinetiq Ltd | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
-
2001
- 2001-02-06 GB GBGB0102879.4A patent/GB0102879D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-02-04 DE DE60204117T patent/DE60204117T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-04 WO PCT/GB2002/000449 patent/WO2002062914A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-04 AT AT02712028T patent/ATE295399T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-04 US US10/467,317 patent/US20040058150A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-04 EP EP02712028A patent/EP1358295B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 AU AU2002231936A patent/AU2002231936A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3075853A (en) * | 1960-08-08 | 1963-01-29 | Norton Co | Pressure sensitive adhesive tape |
US6071632A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 2000-06-06 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Triboluminescent lanthanideIII complexes |
US5858495A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1999-01-12 | Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Long-afterglow adhesive tape |
EP1191076A1 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-27 | Jackstädt GmbH | Luminescent coating composition |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE CAPLUS [online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; DICKINSON, J. T.: "Photon-emission from peeling pressure sensitive adhesives", XP002198630, retrieved from STN Database accession no. 109:159365 * |
PROC. SPIE-INT. SOC. OPT. ENG. (1988), 910(FLUORESC. DETECT. 2), 13-20 * |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2380199A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-04-02 | Qinetiq Ltd | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
GB2380199B (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2004-04-28 | Qinetiq Ltd | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
US7230127B2 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2007-06-12 | Qinetiq Limited | Photoluminescent compounds |
US7242443B2 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2007-07-10 | Qinetiq Limited | Triboluminescent materials and devices |
WO2007019999A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Baerlocher Gmbh | Stabilizer compositions based on guanidine or melamine compounds to stabilize halogen-containing polymers |
US7772315B2 (en) | 2007-07-18 | 2010-08-10 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Triboluminescent materials and golf balls made from such materials |
WO2010040798A1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-04-15 | Arjo Wiggins Fine Papers Limited | Improved coating method |
FR2969034A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-22 | Oberthur Technologies | SAFETY DOCUMENT COMPRISING A REVERSIBLE MECANO LUMINESCENT COMPOUND |
WO2012080467A1 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas | Security document comprising a reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
FR2969152A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-22 | Oberthur Technologies | New reversible triboluminescent boronic acid compound, useful for fiduciary and customization in security document such as a banknote, smart card or passport |
CN103415588A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-11-27 | 欧贝特信托公司 | Security document comprising reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
KR20140092229A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2014-07-23 | 오베르튀르 휘뒤셰르 사스 | Security document comprising a reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
AU2011343276B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2015-08-27 | Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas | Security document comprising a reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
RU2586816C2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2016-06-10 | Обертур Фидюсьер Сас | Protected document including compound with reversible mechanoluminescence properties |
KR101961397B1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2019-03-22 | 오베르튀르 휘뒤셰르 사스 | Security document comprising a reversible mecanoluminescent compound |
EP2964723A4 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-12-14 | Fullproof Llc | Flexible polymeric materials containing triboluminescent compounds, protective devices containing such materials, and methods of manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1358295B1 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
DE60204117T2 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
US20040058150A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
DE60204117D1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
GB0102879D0 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
AU2002231936A1 (en) | 2002-08-19 |
ATE295399T1 (en) | 2005-05-15 |
WO2002062914A9 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
EP1358295A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
WO2002062914A8 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
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