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WO2002055884A1 - Rotor for a water turbine or water pump - Google Patents

Rotor for a water turbine or water pump

Info

Publication number
WO2002055884A1
WO2002055884A1 PCT/EP2001/014630 EP0114630W WO02055884A1 WO 2002055884 A1 WO2002055884 A1 WO 2002055884A1 EP 0114630 W EP0114630 W EP 0114630W WO 02055884 A1 WO02055884 A1 WO 02055884A1
Authority
WO
Grant status
Application
Patent type
Prior art keywords
blade
blades
main
secondary
edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/014630
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas KÄCHELE
Original Assignee
Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING WEIGHT AND MISCELLANEOUS MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER; OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • F03B3/06—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines with adjustable blades, e.g. Kaplan turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/181—Axial flow rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MACHINES OR ENGINES OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, TO WIND MOTORS, TO NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS, AND TO GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG] EMISSION, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y02E10/22—Conventional, e.g. with dams, turbines and waterwheels
    • Y02E10/223—Turbines or waterwheels, e.g. details of the rotor

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor for a dynamic machine for application with fluids; comprising a shaft, a number of vanes, supported by the shaft, the vanes comprising a blade and a blade footing, at least some of the vanes comprising a main vane blade and a secondary vane blade, the blade of the main vane and the blade of the secondary vane are at least approximately parallel and arranged opposed to each other at a separation from each other. The vane blades of the main vane and the secondary vane are fixed with relation to each other.

Description

Impeller for a water turbine or water pump

The invention relates to the field of fluid machines for use in liquid. It relates particularly to Kaplan turbines.

The wheels of such turbines have a shaft and a number of blades which are supported by the shaft. In said Kaplan turbines, the blades are rotatable about axes of rotation which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The blades is associated with an adjustment mechanism which allows a pivoting of the blades about the respective axis of rotation. The adjustment of the blades is used to optimize the efficiency of the turbine, namely over the entire operating range.

A serious problem of hydraulic machinery of any kind is to cavitation. This reduces the efficiency, lifetime and the permissible working range.

There have been numerous efforts to improve the working environment and the efficiency of hydraulic machines with steered currents.

All previously known measures have not been sufficient to increase the efficiency in the work area of ​​a hydraulic machine with a steered flow in what is desirable extent.

The invention is thus based on the object of specifying a method and a hydraulic machine with which the efficiency can be improved in the work area.

This object is solved by the features of claim. 1 Accordingly, some of the blades are formed as a double blade, at least comprising a main blade and a secondary blade. The two blades are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so that in each case a large area of ​​each blade of a major surface of the other blade opposite. However, certain deviations from parallelism are also conceivable.

The inventor has recognized the following:

The entrance area of ​​a shovel, ie the region of the bucket leading edge, normally subjected to high stress. At the

Leading edge of a blade cavitation occurs, and there are vertebrae. An optimum blade loading is not possible, and the application range of the flow machine is limited.

According to the invention uses a double blade, comprising a

The main blade and a secondary blade, so the load per single blade is reduced - that is, the load on the leading edge region of the main blade and the leading edge area of ​​the secondary blade - with respect to the blades in accordance with the prior art. The force on the individual blade loading is more or less evenly distributed over the airfoil. The danger of cavitation is reduced, as will the risk of creating vortices in the leading edge of each individual blade.

The improved blade load the optimum can be the

Map (Q-specific flow via the specific speed n) shift in the operating range. In addition, the permissible operating range extended because the cavitation, as mentioned, is reduced. The annual energy yield of a plant increases. For realizing the invention, there are numerous possibilities. Thus, the secondary blade on the pressure side or on the suction side of the main blade can be disposed.

The two partial blades - the main blade and the secondary blade - can be fastened to each other by means of webs. The webs are conveniently welded to the respective surfaces of the blades. The webs run best in the flow direction. However, an inclination to the direction of flow is also conceivable. Individual blade areas can thus be additionally loaded or unloaded.

Between the two partial blades there is in each case a distance, so that the two partial blades forming a space therebetween which is flowed through by fluid. The distance will be nearly constant in general on the entire surface of the intermediate space. In general, it will be greater than the thickness of a part of the blade.

Both blades, ie main shovel and secondary blade may be equal. You can even be congruent in a projection. However, this is not mandatory.

Also, the leading edge of the secondary blade - seen in the direction of rotation - are ahead of or behind the leading edge of the main blade.

The invention can be used in any type of fluid-operated flow machines. The invention is indeed primarily used in Kaplan turbines. However, there are also other types of turbines into consideration, such as propeller turbines, these are turbines where can not be adjusted, the turbine blades. Furthermore, the invention at Francis turbines and pump turbines can be applied as well as generally in water pumps.

Finally, it is conceivable to design the two partial blades of a double scoop of the invention such that the two

Blades of a double blade can be moved relative to each other, preferably in eingebautem- state. The displacement may be such that the distance between the two partial blades is changed, or that the displacement takes place parallel to the major surfaces of the sub blades, so that for example the positions of the leading edges are changed relative to each other.

The invention will be explained below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Therein is shown in detail the following:

Figure 1 illustrates a water turbine with adjustable blades in elevation and partly in section.

Figure 2 shows the two blades of the main blade and the secondary blade, seen in plan view.

Figure 3 shows the two blades of Figure 2 in a

View of their end faces, thus their outer edges.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 machine, there is a

Kaplan turbine. One recognizes a rotor with a shaft 1 and a number of blades 2. The blades 2 are rotatably mounted on the shaft. 1 The axis 1.1 of the shaft 1 is vertical. The pivot axes of the blades 2 extending perpendicularly thereto, thus horizontal. can also be seen a flow channel 3, passes through the water in the region of the blades. 2

Each blade 2 has two blades, namely a main blade and a secondary blade. For the sake of illustrative clarity this is not shown here in detail.

The main blade 2.2 shown in Figure 2 has a leading edge and a trailing edge 2.2.1 2.2.2. The secondary blade 2.3 has a leading edge and a trailing edge 2.3.1 2.3.2. The secondary blade is mounted to the main blade by means of one or more webs 2.4. The blades are adjusted via the pivot or the blade root 2.5.

From Figure 3, the assignment of the main blade 2.2 and

Secondary blade 03.02 recognizable. As you can see the leading edge 2.3.1 of the secondary blade is 2.3 offset from the leading edge of the main blade 2.2.1 2.2. In wheel rotation direction seen the leading edge of the secondary blade 03.02 behind the leading edge of the main blade 2.2.

The mutual distance between the two blades is about 5 times the thickness of one of the two blades. In the present case are both part of the blades - the main blade and the secondary blade 2.3 - approximately the same thickness. However, this could be different.

Claims

Patentansprüche1. An impeller for a turbo machine for use in liquids; 1.1 with a shaft (1); 1.2 with a number of blades (2) which are carried by the shaft (1); 1.3 the blades (2) have an airfoil and a blade root; 1.4 at least some of the blades (2) comprise a main blade (2.2) and a secondary blade (2.3);
1.5 the blade of the main blade (2.2) and the Journal of the
Secondary blade (2.3) are at least substantially parallel and arranged at a mutual distance from each other. 1.6 the blades of the main blade (2.2) and secondary blade
(2.3) are fixedly connected together.
2. An impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade of a main blade (2.2) and their associated secondary blade (2.3) a single, common blade
having (2.5).
3. An impeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mutual distance between the two blades of the main blade (2.2) and secondary blade (2.3) is a multiple of the
Thickness of the main blade (2.2) is in the radially outer area.
4. Runner according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the secondary blade (2.3) on the pressure side of the main blade (2.2) is arranged.
5. Runner according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the secondary blade (2.3) on the suction side of the main blade (2.2) is arranged.
6. Runner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the blades of the main blade (2.2) and secondary blade (2.3) are essentially congruent.
7. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the blades of the main blade (2.2) and
Secondary blade (2.3) are of different sizes.
8. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inlet edge (2.3.1) of the secondary blade (2.3) - seen in the flow direction - behind the leading edge
(2.2.1) of the main blade (2.2) is located.
9. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inlet edge (2.3.1) of the secondary blade (2.3) - seen in flow direction - upstream of the inlet edge (2.2.1), the main blade (2.2).
10. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the blades of the main blade (2.2) and secondary blade (2.3) are interconnected by one or more webs (2.4) which in the space between the main blade (2.2) and secondary vane ( 2.3) are arranged.
11. An impeller according to claim 10, characterized in that the webs (2.4) profiled, curved and at an acute angle to the
Flow direction are inclined.
12. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the blade of the secondary blade (2.3) - seen in plan view - substantially smaller than the blade of the main blade (2.2) and is arranged in a region (by the leading edge 2.2.1) and the radially outer edge of the blade of the main blade (2.2) is limited.
13. An impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by use in a Kaplan turbine.
PCT/EP2001/014630 2001-01-10 2001-12-12 Rotor for a water turbine or water pump WO2002055884A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001100983 DE10100983A1 (en) 2001-01-10 2001-01-10 An impeller for a water turbine or water pump
DE10100983.6 2001-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002055884A1 true true WO2002055884A1 (en) 2002-07-18

Family

ID=7670243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/014630 WO2002055884A1 (en) 2001-01-10 2001-12-12 Rotor for a water turbine or water pump

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10100983A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002055884A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1806505A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Axial flow pump
EP2107235A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 Lm Glasfiber A/S A wind turbine blade with an auxiliary airfoil
CN102072068A (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-05-25 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Five-blade paddle operation mechanism
CN102072067A (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-05-25 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Four-blade operating mechanism
CN102430923A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-05-02 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 Method for turning over turning wheel of water turbine in the air

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012018066A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Voith Patent Gmbh water turbine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE83050C (en) *
US1234070A (en) * 1911-10-21 1917-07-17 George Henry Nitschke Screw-propeller.
US2006339A (en) * 1933-01-10 1935-07-02 Voith Gmbh J M Hydraulic machine
DE19900960A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-07-13 Josef Schleich Cleaning system for the grid where water flows are monitored for water power generation has sliding bodies with paddle extensions on a slide arm parallel to the angled grid rod carrier
DE19931035A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-25 Rudolf Bannasch Rotor with a split rotor blade

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1836860A (en) * 1921-01-29 1931-12-15 Moody Lewis Ferry Vane formation for rotary elements
US1553627A (en) * 1922-06-07 1925-09-15 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Rotor
DE19803589A1 (en) * 1998-01-30 1999-08-12 Voith Hydro Gmbh & Co Kg A method of manufacturing a component of a turbomachine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE83050C (en) *
US1234070A (en) * 1911-10-21 1917-07-17 George Henry Nitschke Screw-propeller.
US2006339A (en) * 1933-01-10 1935-07-02 Voith Gmbh J M Hydraulic machine
DE19900960A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-07-13 Josef Schleich Cleaning system for the grid where water flows are monitored for water power generation has sliding bodies with paddle extensions on a slide arm parallel to the angled grid rod carrier
DE19931035A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-25 Rudolf Bannasch Rotor with a split rotor blade

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1806505A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Axial flow pump
US8092189B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2012-01-10 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Axial flow pump
EP2107235A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 Lm Glasfiber A/S A wind turbine blade with an auxiliary airfoil
WO2009121927A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Lm Glasfiber A/S A wind turbine blade with an auxiliary airfoil
US8834130B2 (en) 2008-04-02 2014-09-16 Peter Fuglsang Wind turbine blade with an auxiliary airfoil
CN102072067A (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-05-25 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Four-blade operating mechanism
CN102072068B (en) 2011-02-28 2013-01-30 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Five-blade paddle operation mechanism
CN102072067B (en) 2011-02-28 2013-08-14 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Four-blade operating mechanism
CN102072068A (en) * 2011-02-28 2011-05-25 重庆云河水电股份有限公司 Five-blade paddle operation mechanism
CN102430923A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-05-02 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 Method for turning over turning wheel of water turbine in the air

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