WO2002043107A1 - Compact, electrodeless, low pressure gas discharge lamp having an extended shelf life - Google Patents
Compact, electrodeless, low pressure gas discharge lamp having an extended shelf life Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002043107A1 WO2002043107A1 PCT/DE2001/004482 DE0104482W WO0243107A1 WO 2002043107 A1 WO2002043107 A1 WO 2002043107A1 DE 0104482 W DE0104482 W DE 0104482W WO 0243107 A1 WO0243107 A1 WO 0243107A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas discharge
- low
- discharge lamp
- compact
- pressure gas
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/048—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using an excitation coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/32—Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes
- H01J61/327—"Compact"-lamps, i.e. lamps having a folded discharge path
Definitions
- the invention relates to a compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp with a long service life, high luminous efficacy and high luminance.
- the field of application of the invention is light sources for general and municipal lighting in indoor and outdoor areas, in medicine and cosmetics.
- low-pressure gas discharge lamps produce visible light for lighting purposes when the excited gas is discharged with the aid of suitable phosphors.
- Compact, low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps consisting of a vacuum-tight glass bulb filled with mercury and noble gas, have a fluorescent layer on the inside that shows the short-wave mercury resonance radiation with energies of about 6.71 eV and 4.88 eV in visible Converts light.
- the useful life is limited by the influence of various factors. So far, the useful life of conventional compact mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamps has been around 8000 hours.
- This disadvantage due to the limited useful life of the lamp is due to the fact that electrodes in the form of single, double or triple incandescent filaments are used in the known mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamps and are subject to a constant aging process.
- the emitter material applied to these electrodes for effective electron emission is removed from the surface by the influence of the gas discharge and thus reduces the efficiency of the electron emission.
- the efficiency of the light emission of the mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamps is constantly decreasing. When all of the emitter material has been consumed, the voltage required to ignite the low-pressure mercury discharge lamps rises so much that the gas discharge in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp ceases can be ignited.
- the emitter material removed during this time partially deposits on the inner wall of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp and causes the phosphor layer, which covers the inner wall of the lamp, to turn gray near the electrodes.
- the electrodes are particularly damaged when the low-pressure mercury discharge lamps are switched on.
- Another disadvantage of these known low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps is that the complex interaction of the removed electrode material and released gases with the effect of short-wave UV radiation or the recombination of mercury ions with electrons on the phosphor surface reduces the emissivity of the phosphor over time the effect decreases particularly strongly, which manifests itself in a considerable decrease in the luminous efficacy or the luminous flux with the lamp burning time and the clear onset of the graying of the entire glass bulb of the discharge vessel of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp.
- Another effect that limits the useful life of low-pressure mercury discharge lamps is a reaction of the various ingredients in the glass of the discharge vessel with the phosphor coating. These reactions bring about a further decrease in the luminous flux during the lamp life, above all by the graying of the glass of the discharge vessel.
- low-pressure gas discharge lamps without electrodes have become known, in which electrical energy in the RF range is inductively coupled into the discharge vessel with the aid of a ferrite core, which is ring-shaped in US Pat. No. 3,987,335 and rod-shaped in US Pat. No. 4,010,400.
- a ferrite core which is ring-shaped in US Pat. No. 3,987,335 and rod-shaped in US Pat. No. 4,010,400.
- an annular discharge vessel and US 3,987,335 a spherical discharge vessel have been disclosed by US 3,987,334.
- the Dutch company NV Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken manufactures the predominantly spherical mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp QL ® with a rod-shaped ferrite core.
- the frequency of the energy coupled into the discharge vessel with the aid of this rod-shaped ferrite core is in a relatively high range, so that measures to avoid electromagnetic losses and to dissipate heat are necessary. Due to its complexity, this lamp system is less suitable for general lighting. For use in general lighting, for example, in US 3,521,120, the compact, also working with a rod-shaped ferrite core electrodeless low-pressure gas discharge lamp Genura ® General Electric Comp. described.
- the frequency of the energy of this low-pressure gas discharge lamp coupled into the discharge vessel is several megahertz. The generation of energy in this high-frequency range therefore requires a relatively high level of electronic complexity and technically complex measures to avoid electromagnetic losses. The production of this low pressure gas discharge lamp is therefore relatively expensive.
- DE 29 08 890 C2 specifies SiO 2 coatings with a particle size of less than 100 nm and a surface covering mass between 0.05 mg / cm 2 and 0.7 mg / cm 2 .
- the low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to US 4,923,425 has comparable coatings with a coating mass greater than 0.7 mg / cm 2 .
- Protective layers with oxides, which cover the phosphor in low-pressure gas discharge lamps, are described in EP 0638625. The oxides are deposited in such a way that the phosphors together with a organic solvents and an organometallic compound are mixed in a suspension and the organic residues are later burned out.
- the applications known from the literature relate exclusively to conventional mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamps.
- lamps which are derived from a straight or curved rod shape of the discharge vessel and in which the energy required to maintain the electrical discharge is introduced by electrodes which are located on the two rod ends of the discharge vessel.
- electrodes which are located on the two rod ends of the discharge vessel.
- the object of the invention is therefore to use suitable technical means to increase the quality parameters such as service life, luminous efficiency and luminance in the compact mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp.
- the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention with increased service life in particular a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp in a compact design, has a spherical or an annular or a pear-shaped or an ellipsoidal glass bulb as the discharge vessel, on the inner glass surface of which at least one layer containing a phosphor is applied in a known manner ,
- the side of the glass bulb facing the gas discharge and / or the phosphor-containing layer in the discharge vessel which is exposed to the gas discharge are covered with a chemically largely inert protective layer made of oxide.
- the protective layer consists of at least one of the oxides Y2O3, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Sm 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , MgO, Dy 2 O 3 , Ho 2 O 3 , Er 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 , Lu 2 O 3 , CaO, ZrO 2 , SrO, BaO, and BeO.
- the protective layer is designed as a continuous coating on the inner glass surface of the discharge vessel and / or on the surface of the phosphor on the inside of the discharge vessel. This layer is suitable for effectively protecting the phosphors introduced in the discharge vessel against reactions with the surrounding medium.
- the electrical energy is inductively coupled into the discharge vessel of the compact low-pressure discharge lamp an annular, closed ferrite core, which is partly inside the discharge vessel and is provided with a primary winding which is connected to an RF source.
- a vacuum-tight passage is made in the glass body of the discharge vessel.
- the primary winding, to which an RF source is connected, is located on the other part of the ring-shaped ferrite core outside the discharge vessel.
- the part of the ring-shaped ferrite core with the primary winding is arranged in the lamp base.
- the RF source used to maintain the gas discharge can be integrated according to the invention in the base of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp.
- the luminescent phosphor layer of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention with increased service life, in particular mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp in a compact design, contains at least two phosphors which are derived from the chemical compounds - gadolinium-magnesium pentaborate silicate,
- the phosphors are activated with rare earth ions, in particular with ions of europium, terbium, gadolinium, cerium, dysprosium, samarium and praseodymium, and / or ions of manganese, lead, antimony, tin and bismuth and the alkaline earth metal ions partially substituted by ions of the second subgroup or the rare earth elements Ln can be partially or completely replaced by ions of the third subgroup.
- the phosphors are used for the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention with increased service life, in particular a mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp in a compact design
- BSCM cerium-gadolinium-magnesium pentaborate silicate: Mn
- BAM barium magnesium aluminate: Eu
- SAPE strontium aluminate: Eu
- BSOSE barium strontium orthosilicate: Eu
- CAT cerium magnesium aluminate: Tb
- LAP lanthanum phosphate: Ce.Tb
- LAPS lanthanum phosphate silicate: Ce.Tb
- MgFG magnesium fluorogermanate: Mn (IV),
- ZSM zinc orthosilicate: Mn, as well
- BSCG cerium-gadolinium-magnesium pentaborate silicate
- BSC lanthanum cerium magnesium pentaborate silicate
- CHP calcium halophosphate: Sb and / or Mn
- SCP strontium chlorophosphate: Eu and (Ba, Sr, Ca) chlorophosphate: Eu,
- Strontium fluoroborate Eu, or a combination of these phosphors used.
- the main influencing factors which can lead to a reduction in the luminous flux with increasing burning time in conventional compact fluorescent lamps are avoided or be significantly reduced.
- the coating according to the invention with the protective layer effects the isolation of the phosphor-containing layer from the lamp glass, in particular to prevent alkali ions from diffusing into the phosphor and to protect the phosphor from radiation damage and surface reactions with mercury or mercury compounds.
- This coating is applied by means of a suspension in a manner similar to that which is customary in the prior art for the phosphor-containing coating, and it is suitable for effectively suppressing reactions of the phosphor with the glass body. Furthermore, such a coating contributes to an overall higher luminous efficacy because the wall losses are reduced by reflecting UV radiation on the non-phosphor-containing layer back into the phosphor layer.
- the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp can be used in the interior and exterior of general and municipal lighting, in medicine and in cosmetics.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a compact electrodeless low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention with a spherical discharge vessel
- FIG. 2 shows the view of the gas discharge lamp according to FIG. 1 rotated by 90 degrees
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a compact electrodeless low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention with an oval, elongated, annular discharge vessel
- 4 shows the view of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to FIG. 3 rotated by 90 degrees
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of the phosphor and protective coating of the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention.
- the embodiments of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to the invention shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 5 show compact, electrodeless mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamps.
- the low-pressure gas discharge lamp according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has the base 1 and the socket 2 and is operated with an external RF source. 1 and 2 is which in this embodiment of the light source is predominantly spherical discharge vessel 3 connected to the base 1.
- the diameter of the discharge vessel 3 is approximately 7 to 20 cm.
- the discharge vessel has the coldest point 7 required for setting the mercury vapor pressure.
- the connection of the closed annular ferrite core 4 to the evacuable discharge vessel 3 takes place via a vacuum-tight passage through the discharge vessel 3, the shape of which corresponds to the outer shape of the ferrite core 4.
- the ferrite core 4 has an outer diameter of 5 to 7 cm with a cross section of at least 2 cm 2 and an inner diameter of 2 to 4 cm.
- the ferrite core 4, which is divided into two parts for assembly, is located approximately half within the discharge vessel 3 and within the base 1 and is held together by a suitable device.
- the ferrite core 4 consists of a material which, with an initial permeability of at least 2000, has a saturation flux density of at least 500 mT with low losses in the frequency range from 100 to 500 kHz.
- the self-heating of the ferrite core 4 is small due to the low core losses.
- the ferrite core 4 lies partially inside the discharge vessel 3, it is heated by the discharge. Therefore, a MnZn soft ferrite with losses decreasing at higher temperatures and a Curie temperature of at least 200 ° C are preferably used.
- the primary winding 5 is applied to the part of the ferrite core 4 located outside the discharge vessel 3 in the base 1. It consists of 10 to 20 turns of a strand with heat and radiation resistant insulation.
- the RF energy required to operate the low-pressure gas discharge lamp is provided by an electronic push-pull circuit which is controlled by a suitable oscillator.
- the operating frequency is 100 to 500 kHz, preferably 150 to 400 kHz.
- the primary winding 5 is connected to the RF source via a resonant LC coupling circuit.
- the 'RF source in conjunction with the coupling circuit ensures reliable operation and ignition of the gas discharge.
- the inventive use of a push-pull circuit using fast MOSFET transistors enables a high efficiency of this ballast in the specified frequency range.
- the special shape of the discharge vessel 3 with largely high cross sections results in a very low axial electric field strength with high discharge currents of 3 to 10 A during operation of the low pressure gas discharge lamp.
- the internal voltage of the gas discharge and thus the secondary voltage of the transformer, which is formed by the ferrite core 4, the primary winding 5 and the gas discharge, are thus very low. For this reason, the core losses have been considerably reduced in comparison with the gas discharge lamp described for example in US 3,500,118.
- the glass bulb of the discharge vessel 3 is filled with a gas mixture of mercury and a noble gas, for example argon, krypton or a mixture of noble gases, with a filling pressure of 1 ⁇ p ⁇ 4 mbar.
- the gas discharge mainly generates UV radiation with energies of 6.71 eV and 4.88 eV. The ratio of the generated UV radiation energies depends on the exact dimensions of the discharge vessel 3, the discharge current and the mercury vapor pressure.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 a further embodiment of the mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention with the base 1 and the socket 2 is shown schematically.
- the gas discharge lamp is operated with an external RF source.
- the predominantly oval discharge vessel 3 is connected to the base 1 in this embodiment of the light source.
- the largest diameter of the discharge vessel 3 is 7 to 20 cm.
- the discharge vessel has the coldest point 7 required for setting the mercury vapor pressure.
- the almost circular cross section of the discharge vessel 3 has a diameter of 2 to 5 cm.
- the embodiment of the compact electrodeless mercury vapor low-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention according to FIGS. 3 and 4 with the layer 6, for example made of the phosphors BSCT and YOX.Eu, on the inside of the glass bulb of the discharge vessel 3 produces with a system output of 42.1 W a warm white light color and a luminous flux of approx. 3397 Im. 1 to 4 has the two different, special protective layers 7 and 8, of which the protective layer 8 covers the phosphor 6 on the side facing the discharge and the protective layer 7 between the layer of the phosphor 6 and the inside of the glass bulb of the discharge vessel 3 is applied.
- the protective layer 8 which covers the phosphor 6, is deposited from the gas phase by means of CVD (chemical vapor deposition) using a suitable organometallic precursor compound which is completely thermally below the softening temperature of the glass of the discharge vessel 3
- a suitable organometallic precursor compound which is completely thermally below the softening temperature of the glass of the discharge vessel 3
- suitable precursor materials are alkyl, alkoxy or acetylacetonate compounds of the corresponding metal.
- Compounds R x (OR ') 3 - x Al serve as starting materials for aluminum oxide coatings.
- x Si (with x: 0-3 and R or R 'as lower alkyl groups such as -CH 3 , -C 2 H 5 , -C 3 H 7 and -CH 9 ).
- R x (OR ') compounds of the type R x (OR ') are analogous to this.
- x Si (with x: 0-4 and R or R 'as lower alkyl groups such as -CH 3 , -C 2 H 5 , -C 3 H 7 , -C 4 H 9 and or -C 5 H 11 ) are suitable.
- the material for the protective layers 7 and 8 is transparent and largely chemically inert for the wavelength range of the mercury excitation and consists of sufficiently small particles which ensure a continuous, dense and adhesive coating.
- SiO 2 shows complete transmission in the UV range.
- ZrO 2 weakens approx. 5% of the excitation wavelength of 254 nm. Below 200 nm the transmittance is reduced to 20 percent.
- V 2 O 5 , Nb 2 O 5 and Y 2 0 3 weaken approx. 15% of the excitation wavelength 254 nm.
- Y 2 O 3 weakens up to 70% of the radiation below 200 nm.
- SiO 2 shows interactions with the mercury due to its negative charge behavior, which makes it appear unsuitable as a protective layer material for direct contact with the mercury discharge.
- the AI 2 O 3 is due to its good availability and due to its property also in comparison to the HfO 2 the most suitable material for the production of the protective layers, especially since aluminum oxide is often also used as a suspension additive to increase the reflectivity.
- the combination of protective layer 7 and protective layer 8 according to the invention increases the long-term durability of the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp.
- the quality-reducing influences of the interaction processes between the glass of the discharge vessel 3 and the phosphor layer 6 in the case of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp are greatly limited.
- the compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamps according to the invention with a predominantly spherical discharge vessel 3 are produced.
- the discharge vessel 3 of the low-pressure gas discharge lamps is first slurried with a suspension of 4 ml of Aerosil Dispersion K330 (Degussa AG), 40 ml of 5% polyethylene oxide solution, 40 ml of deionized water, 2 ml of Arkopal and 0.3 ml of Dispex, dried in a warm air stream and burned out at 550 ° C. This creates the continuous protective layer 7 of approximately 0.15 mg / cm 2 covering mass.
- the phosphor layer 6 is then passed through by means of a suspension of 100 g of the phosphor mixture in question in 70 ml of deionized water, 0.5 ml of Dispex, 80 ml of 5% polyethylene oxide solution, 2.5 ml of Arkopal and 35 ml of 10% Alon-C solution Slurrying the previously coated discharge vessel 3 of the gas discharge lamp. After drying, the discharge tubes 3 are burned out in an air stream at 550 ° C. With a viscosity of the suspension of 1.5 dPas, a covering mass of the burned-out discharge vessels 3 of approximately 4.5 mg cm 2 is achieved.
- the electrical and lighting data listed in Tab. 1 are achieved.
- the phosphor layer 6 is then passed through by means of a suspension of 100 g of the phosphor mixture in question in 70 ml of deionized water, 0.5 ml of Dispex, 80 ml of 5% polyethylene oxide solution, 2.5 ml of Arkopal and 35 ml of 10% Alon-C solution Slurry the previously coated glass bulb of the discharge vessel 3 produced. After drying, the discharge tubes are burned out in an air stream at 550 ° C. With a viscosity of the suspension of 1.5 dPas, a covering mass of the burned-out discharge vessels 3 of approximately 4.5 mg cm 2 is achieved.
- the second protective layer 8 is obtained by introducing a carrier gas mixture of nitrogen and oxygen into aluminum isopropoxide at approximately 140 ° C. and subsequent thermal decomposition of the aluminum isopropoxide vapor when the loaded carrier gas is introduced into a glass bulb of the discharge vessel 3 heated to 450 ° C.
- the compact electrodeless low-pressure gas discharge lamps with the numbers 1 to 9 in table 2 work with a system power of approx. 42 W and the low-pressure gas discharge lamps with the numbers 10 and 11 with a system power of approx. 85 W. ,
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01994592A EP1340243B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-26 | Compact, electrodeless, low pressure gas discharge lamp having an extended shelf life |
DE50112745T DE50112745D1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-26 | COMPACT ELECTRODELESS LOW-PRESSURE GAS DISCHARGE LAMP WITH INCREASED LIFE |
AU2002224741A AU2002224741A1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-26 | Compact, electrodeless, low pressure gas discharge lamp having an extended shelflife |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10058852.2 | 2000-11-27 | ||
DE10058852A DE10058852A1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2000-11-27 | Compact, electrodeless, low-pressure gas discharge lamp with increased service life |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002043107A1 true WO2002043107A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
Family
ID=7664841
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/004482 WO2002043107A1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-26 | Compact, electrodeless, low pressure gas discharge lamp having an extended shelf life |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1340243B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE367648T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002224741A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10058852A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2003119071A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002043107A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004018590A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-03 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Fluorescent composition for a low-pressure discharge lamp with a very high color temperature |
DE102005050306B3 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2007-03-15 | Minebea Co., Ltd. | Electrode-less high frequency low-pressure gas discharge lamp has soft magnetic core for inductive conversion with exciter winding and discharge unit |
KR100706184B1 (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2007-04-12 | 주식회사 디엠에스 | Fluorescent lamp and manufacturing method thereof |
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2000
- 2000-11-27 DE DE10058852A patent/DE10058852A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2001
- 2001-11-26 WO PCT/DE2001/004482 patent/WO2002043107A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-26 RU RU2003119071/09A patent/RU2003119071A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-26 AU AU2002224741A patent/AU2002224741A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-26 DE DE50112745T patent/DE50112745D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-26 EP EP01994592A patent/EP1340243B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-26 AT AT01994592T patent/ATE367648T1/en active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2003119071A (en) | 2004-12-10 |
EP1340243A1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
EP1340243B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
DE10058852A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
DE50112745D1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
AU2002224741A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 |
ATE367648T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
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