WO2002034038A1 - Herd control and/or monitoring procedures - Google Patents
Herd control and/or monitoring procedures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002034038A1 WO2002034038A1 PCT/NZ2001/000236 NZ0100236W WO0234038A1 WO 2002034038 A1 WO2002034038 A1 WO 2002034038A1 NZ 0100236 W NZ0100236 W NZ 0100236W WO 0234038 A1 WO0234038 A1 WO 0234038A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- herd
- animal
- animals
- population
- intra
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D17/00—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals
- A61D17/002—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals for detecting period of heat of animals, i.e. for detecting oestrus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K11/00—Marking of animals
- A01K11/006—Automatic identification systems for animals, e.g. electronic devices, transponders for animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
Definitions
- the present invention in one aspect recognises a benefit to be derived from the ability to use an intra-vaginal device for animal identification purposes and therefore the present invention is also directed to such a scenario.
- the present invention also (in another aspect) relates to methods applicable to a population of members and preferably to herd diagnosis and/or control procedures and/or active agent delivery procedures including related systems and methods.
- a device with a view to either eliciting a physiological effect (for example an intra-vaginal device with a view to suppressing oestrus to allow herd oestrus synchrony practises) or to identify/monitor a member of such a population.
- a physiological effect for example an intra-vaginal device with a view to suppressing oestrus to allow herd oestrus synchrony practises
- identify/monitor a member of such a population for example an intra-vaginal device with a view to suppressing oestrus to allow herd oestrus synchrony practises
- the present invention recognises an ability to provide devices powered by appropriate power circuit or circuits which lend themselves to a capability of communicating exteriorly of such an animal carrying the device (preferably using an appropriate antenna and transmitter circuit) which by communication either directly with other devices or some receiver can then convey appropriate information and/or, if desired, be used to allow directly or indirectly some control function to be performed by the device whether instructed by some external receiver or not and whether simply to report a state of affairs to some external receiver or not.
- an intra-vaginal device of any of the passive or active release forms previously disclosed by our company in conjunction with its CTDRTM type passive release devices or those active release devices disclosed in our PCT/NZ98/0001 1 patent specification can carry within such a device, if desired, circuitry and a battery capable of allowing a measure of communication to or from other such devices or some general communication device such as might interrogate the animals at a gateway or in a yard.
- the present invention consists in a method of herd management, which method comprises or includes providing at least one animal of the herd with a device capable of sensing a characteristic of the animal, dispensing an active agent to the animal, communicating with at least some other device, and communicating (directly or indirectly, or both) with a monitor externally of the animals of the herd, having said devices and/or monitor determine by reference to the proximity of the devices to each other and sensed characteristic of the animal which animals are appropriate for the dispensing and/or the halting of the dispensing of an active ingredient, and dispensing the active ingredient into that or those animals indicated by a said sensed characteristic and/or their grouping.
- Preferably said method is such as to determine behavioural oestrus in a herd of animals such as cows.
- said device is in each of the animals of the herd capable of exhibiting a characteristic and dispensing is to a group of which at least one animal has an appropriate characteristic for such dispensing.
- the present invention consists in an intra-vaginal device having a utility for the animal in question over at least part of a retention period, said device being characterised in that it is provided with transmission and/or interrogatable and/or means externally determinable capable of identifying the recipient animal.
- the device is to be used with an external receiving, interrogator or other animal identification means.
- the identification means includes a transmitter and preferably said transmitter forms part of a communication circuit empowered by a battery having another power draw at least sometime during the retention period therefrom.
- said intra-vaginal device preferably of a variable geometry retention type
- said intra-vaginal device includes an active release feature capable of dispensing at least one pharmacologically effective agent into the vaginal tract of a target mammal into which the device has been inserted.
- the present invention consists in the use within a herd of a plurality of devices in accordance with the present invention, each device including an identifier for a particular animal or a subgroup of such animals of the overall herd or population.
- the invention consists in a method applicable to a population of members which comprises or includes (i) providing each member of the population with a device in such a way as to identify the member and to sense at lease one physiological condition of the member, (ii) allowing that device to communicate directly to a receiver (whether a device of another member or via at least one device of another (or other) members(s) or not) to thereby allow some determination for that identified member.
- a receiver whether a device of another member or via at least one device of another (or other) members(s) or not
- said detemiination may occur in the device itself (e.g. if an active agent delivery device as well as some reporting of that determination to the said receiver) or may simply be a diagnosis.
- said device of a member is capable of communicating with at least one other such device of another member of the population and there can be a determination in respect of an identified sub group of the population (for example of a particular physiological condition), for example, if the herd is of mammals capable of exhibiting behavioural oestrus, the devices of a subset of animals within the population that congregate in behaviour indicative of behavioural oestrus can be identified and that can be preferably supported (eg; verified) when at least one sensed physiological condition of a said device of a member is supportive of that condition (e.g. temperature, pressure and/or motion).
- an identified sub group of the population for example of a particular physiological condition
- the herd is of mammals capable of exhibiting behavioural oestrus
- the devices of a subset of animals within the population that congregate in behaviour indicative of behavioural oestrus can be identified and that can be preferably supported (eg; verified) when at least one sensed physiological condition of a said device of a member is supportive of that condition (e.g
- said at least one physiological condition is one or more of temperature, pressure and motion.
- said device is capable of determining directly or indirectly an external condition applicable to the particular member.
- each such intra-vaginal device carries an antenna allowing communication with at least one other device or a receiver for data (whether continuously or as a burst or bursts) from the device.
- the present invention consists in, in a herd population, a device retainable in each member of the herd which includes a battery powered circuit or circuits capable of doing at least one or more of the following
- the present invention consists in any methods of control of herd animals and/or data collection and/or sub grouping of animals in a herd when performed substantially as herein described with reference to any one or more of the accompanying drawings.
- the present invention consists in an intra-vaginal device insertable and retainable in the vagina of a target species mammal, said device including an antenna of communication means carried by the device capable of allowing 'communication to and/or from a communication device externally of the recipient mammal capable of receiving and/or transmitting signals from and/or to said antenna.
- said antenna can at least in part be relied upon for the removal of the device from the vagina of a recipient said target species mammal.
- said device includes a sensor to sense at least one physiological state of a recipient mammal and conveying that sensed condition to a receiver or like device reliant upon the communication means e.g. the communication circuit and said antenna.
- said sensor is capable of detecting one or more of temperature, pressure and motion of a recipient mammal.
- said device is one retainable by its attempting to resume resiliency a condition from which it was deformed in order to allow or facilitate its intra vaginal insertion.
- such retention variable geometry retention is of a kind substantially as herein described with or without reference to the accompanying drawings.
- said intra vaginal device is capable of actively or passively releasing at least one intra vaginally effective agent to the recipient mammal (eg; preferably plunger syringe-like release).
- said device includes at least one active release delivery system for a recipient mammal, such active release being under the action or control of a battery powered circuit, the battery of which is capable of powering the communication circuit of said communication means.
- said antenna is substantially in the form of a flexible tail for the device.
- the present invention consists in the use of an intra-vaginal device in accordance with the present invention.
- the present invention consists in a device of any of the kinds hereinafter described with or without reference to the accompanying drawings and to related methods of use, manufacture and the like.
- the present invention consists in a herd or population management system which relies upon the use of a device in accordance with the present invention intra-vaginally within each animal of the population or herd.
- each said device in conjunction with communications to at least one other device in such a population or herd is capable of indicating for an animal in a sub group of the population or herd a particular behavioural condition, e.g. oestrus.
- Figure 1 is a system overview.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of delivery and monitor unit (DMU)
- FIG. 3 is a base station/DMU Communication Flow
- Figure 4 is a power mode control
- Figure 5 is a bench test of variable rate delivery
- Figure 6 is a fiat profile, target, estimated and observed drug volume
- Figure 7 is a temperature graph
- Figure 8 is a gascell voltage and current graph
- Figure 9 is a cow proximity recorded by DMU 3
- Figure 10 is a cow proximity recorded by DMU 1
- Figure 1 1 is a cow proximity recorded by DMU 2
- Figure 12 is a motion graph
- Figure 13 is a light intensity graph
- Figure 14 is a pressure, temperature and estimated volume delivery: closed-up
- Figure 15 is a pressure, temperature and estimated volume delivered: full duration
- Figure 1 is a symbolisation of one monitoring site
- Figure 17 is a network for remote design and monitoring of drug programs
- Figure 18 shows a preferred intra-vaginal device
- Figure 19 shows for three time periods various cow groupings and how each cow may be considered as far as association is concerned.
- Figure 20 shows the construction of the DMU component of figures 2 and 18.
- Figure 21 shows the base station for communication between a DMU and computer.
- Figure 22 shows a DMU transceiver and batteries board
- Figure 23 shows a DMU digital board-power and supervisory
- Figure 24 is the DMU top level showing the relationship between the transceiver and batteries board and the digital board and the separate role of the transceiver and batteries, the power and supervisory, the micro-controller and the peripherals,
- Figure 25 shows the DMU digital board micro-controller
- Figure 26 shows the DMU digital board peripherals, ie; those for gas cell monitoring, gas cell load switching, tilt switch, pressure and temperature and status indication.
- Figure 18 is for insertion into the rumen or vagina of an animal.
- the device has retention wings (1) attached to a cylindrical body containing electronics for data collection and/or radio communication (2) and an antenna (3).
- the base station (4) ( Figure 21) enables communication between a computer (5) and a DMU (6).
- Similar boards have application for the base station with the only difference being that different software would be run on the base station from that on the DMU. Whilst some of the circuitry of a DMU would be redundant in a base station application it nevertheless can provide economies of manufacture and moreover it can allow a base station to be used as a full scale mock up of a DMU for ongoing development work and for any fault finding.
- the system when for herd usage is preferably in the form of a number of drug delivery and control units, each inside a syringe plunger based active agent delivery platform.
- dispensing is reliant upon a gas cell (such as that disclosed in WO 94/01 165, US Patent 540242 and US Patent 5741275) and more preferably when an intra vaginal device such as is in any of US Patent 4091807, WO 99/07346, WO 95/13760, WO
- On-board sensors monitor the condition of the animal and the electronics package.
- Another sub-system provides a short range, wireless half-duplex digital data link.
- the radio frequency carrier of 433.82MHz is modulated with on-off keying at a symbol rate of 19.2KBaud.
- the range is approximately 60m outdoors, line of sight.
- INTER DEVICE RANGE ESTIMATION Output power is constant over the life of the battery. However, for a fixed distance, some variation of received signal strength is to be expected due to variations in build, component tolerances, placement in the animal and particular propagation effects (such as multipath fading). There is no direct indication of received signal strength from the transceiver integrated circuit, but received signal strength can be estimated using one of the following techniques:
- each sample should be of the same value throughout the duration of the bit period. As received signal strength decreases, the ratio of sample values will approach 0.5. Transmit at different powers with a description of the output power level contained as part of the payload in the data packet.
- Slotted communication in time division multiple access schemes have less blocking under heavy load and can be configured for guaranteed bandwidth, which is not the case with random access schemes.
- Slotted communication schemes require two-way communication.
- More subtle behavioural patterns can be established by combining the data from the on-board sensors with the grouping data. For example, if a cow does not have an increase in vaginal temperature, but is socialising with the group of cows which are in heat, and participating in mounting behaviour, this would allow a study to target of cows of that nature.
- the grouping information can be accomplished with a number of different techniques, three of which are now described:
- Broadcast One-Hop Passive At regular intervals, each animal asynchronously transmits its ID number to all those around it using a broadcast packet. Those receptions are logged with the payload which contains the time and ID number of the sender.
- Received signal strength is also logged for each packet.
- a central database is updated which provides a master record of all transmissions.
- the base station has graphing capabilities to visualise which animals were grouped together.
- Polling One-Hop Interrogation As for Broadcast One-Hop Passive, but transmissions are addressed individually to each animal which has not been heard from recently (within the last 20 minutes for example).
- Receivers reply to the sender with their ID number. If an interrogation reply is received, they are not interrogated again for another 20 minutes. The sender notes the replies that it gets in the standard manner. The receiver logs the results of all interrogations.
- an animal receives a packet and it sees it's own ID in the payload, it does nothing. This prevents data packets from continually circulating throughout the herd. This data is of the same quality and can be processed in a similar manner as with the one-hop passive technique.
- the originator also logs any of the forwarded packets that originated from itself for another estimation of animal grouping. The packet may take one of several paths, or even arrive via multiple paths to a given animal. Only the first packet to arrive is processed if there is a command present, but the signal strengths of any subsequent packets are logged.
- the rate of transmission is reduced during the night to conserve battery power.
- Broadcast A transmission from one sender intended for multiple receivers. All receivers process this type of packet in which the address field set to a value indicating that the packet is a broadcast packet. Also referred to as multicast.
- Polled A transmission from one sender intended for one receiver. Other receivers may hear the transmission but will not process this type of packet unless the address field is set to a value indicating that the packet is for them.
- One-hop The channel consists of one direct transmission from a single sender to one receiver.
- Multi-hop The channel consists of a number physical links.
- the packet is stored and forwarded to the next link by repeaters. This may happen one or times until it reaches the destination.
- the packet may take one of several paths, or even arrive via multiple paths. Only the first packet to arrive is processed.
- Half-Duplex Communication in both directions, but not simultaneously.
- FIG. 1 shows the use of the delivery and motor unit (DMU) of the present invention in conjunction with a grouping of cows showing the system with its relationship between DMUs and a base station.
- Figure 2 shows how the DMU committed as far as logic is concerned to its micro controller operates.
- Figure 2 being a block diagram of the DMU shows a capability in respect of the sectors of power management, executive control, communication, environmental senses and drug delivery control and monitoring.
- each of the sectors of function assumed by the micro controller can be further segmented down into the areas depicted.
- Figure 3 shows how a base station might communicate with an individual DMU using, for example, a 56K Baud Serial Port and a 23K Baud Wireless Link to the DMU.
- Figure 4 shows power mode control with reference to a sleek mode, a low speed mode, a fully awake mode and a doze mode and the activations resets and decision making involving transition from one to another.
- Figure 5 shows a bench test of variable rate delivery in respect of (by way of example) the expression of water from a intra vaginal device.
- Figure 6 shows the target estimated and observed drug volume over a 7-day period for a device inserted intra vaginally
- Figure 7 shows also against time since the start of delivery the temperature over the time period, its temperature being that of the vagina during a 7-day period for a device insert intra vaginally.
- Figure 8 shows gascell voltage and current against time since the start of delivery.
- Figure 9 shows cow proximity recorded by DMU 3. Many successful transmissions prior to insertion were recorded. After that time, only two inter-cow transmissions were seen by DMU 3. With the transceiver on DMU 2 only having a limited range, DMU 4 not responding after insertion and DMU 2 unable to respond after day 2, only inter-cow transmissions from DMU 1 were recorded by DMU 3. Since DMU 1 stopped responding after day 2, there were only.
- the base station is represented with an ID number of zero. The reception just after time equals zero is a manual test initiated by the base station.
- a DMU cannot receive a transmission from itself when it is busy transmitting, which is why there are no transmission recorded from DMU 3.
- Figure 10 is cow proximity recorded by DMU 1.
- Figure 1 1 is cow proximity recorded by CUM 2.
- Figure 12 shows motion against time since the start of delivery. All motion stopped when the DMU fell out. The fact that motion cycle peaks coincide predominately with high vales of. To make proper sense of all, a proper observation record needs to be kept. Motion cycles has an arbitrary scaling and will be increased to provide better resolution
- Figure 13 shows light intensity against time since the start of delivery. -17-
- the grid lines are equally spaced and are approximately aligned with the observation times. Observation time was at 0815 +/- 45 minutes.
- Figure 15 shows pressure, temperature and estimated volume delivered for the full duration.
- Figure 16 shows symbolism that might be used in conjunction with the teaching of the invention for one monitoring site.
- Figure 17 shows a network for remote design and monitoring of a drug program showing sites 1, 2 and 3 (each of the kind shown in Figure 16) and showing there below but linked between the various sites on the internet a company premise.
- Figure 20 shows the construction of a preferred device as shown in figure 18.
- Figure 21 shows the base station for communication between the device as shown in figure 20 and a computer.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002537106A JP2004512033A (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Swarm control and / or monitoring procedures |
EP01981197A EP1333716A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd control and/or monitoring procedures |
BR0114982-2A BR0114982A (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd Control and / or Monitoring Procedures |
AU2002212856A AU2002212856A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd control and/or monitoring procedures |
US10/399,863 US20040074448A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd control and/or monitoring procedures |
CA002426264A CA2426264A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd control and/or monitoring procedures |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ50780000 | 2000-10-26 | ||
NZ507800 | 2000-10-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002034038A1 true WO2002034038A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
Family
ID=19928206
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NZ2001/000236 WO2002034038A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2001-10-25 | Herd control and/or monitoring procedures |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040074448A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1333716A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004512033A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002212856A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0114982A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2426264A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ507800A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002034038A1 (en) |
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WO2003061461A1 (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-07-31 | T-Mobile Deutschland Gmbh | Unit for monitoring body functions |
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WO2006096932A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-21 | Farmtek Pty Ltd | A method and apparatus for determining animal relationships |
US7868769B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2011-01-11 | Farmtek Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for determining animal relationships |
AU2006225091B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2011-06-23 | Farmtek Pty Ltd | A method and apparatus for determining animal relationships |
AU2006225091C1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2017-08-31 | Farmtek Pty Ltd | A method and apparatus for determining animal relationships |
AT506628B1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2012-01-15 | Schauer Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | DEVICE FOR MONITORING ANIMAL ESTABLISHMENTS HELD IN A STABLE |
US8285246B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2012-10-09 | Biotronik Crm Patent Ag | Implantable medical device and mobile wireless modem |
WO2019158788A1 (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-08-22 | LEON CABRERA, Carlos | Device for the remote monitoring of body temperature in cattle and pigs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ507800A (en) | 2003-06-30 |
JP2004512033A (en) | 2004-04-22 |
AU2002212856A1 (en) | 2002-05-06 |
US20040074448A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CA2426264A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
EP1333716A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
BR0114982A (en) | 2003-12-30 |
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