WO2002018917A1 - A monitoring system - Google Patents
A monitoring system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002018917A1 WO2002018917A1 PCT/GB2001/003815 GB0103815W WO0218917A1 WO 2002018917 A1 WO2002018917 A1 WO 2002018917A1 GB 0103815 W GB0103815 W GB 0103815W WO 0218917 A1 WO0218917 A1 WO 0218917A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- images
- monitoring system
- area
- image
- feature
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1826—Water organic contamination in water
- G01N33/1833—Oil in water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/97—Determining parameters from multiple pictures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
- G06T2200/32—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving image mosaicing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10016—Video; Image sequence
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
Definitions
- a Monitoring System This invention relates to a monitoring system. It is being developed particularly for monitoring areas of sea for waterborne pollutants, such as oil slicks or sewage trails and will be discussed below primarily in those terms. But it could have other applications, some of which will be mentioned later.
- a monitoring system comprising a camera with a scan program for recording images of an area over a period of time, means for comparing the images, and means for signalling when significant differences between images occur.
- the scan program may direct the camera successively at different sections of the area to build up a composite image thereof.
- the camera may have an associated monitor and controls by which a supervisor can over-ride the scan program and view a selected section of the area in enlarged detail.
- the signalling means are preferably suppressed until a significant difference has been consistently present for a predetermined number of images. In other words, features that occur within the area on a discontinuous basis are disregarded. This guards against transient anomalies giving rise to an alarm signal, when what is wanted is an indication of relatively steady, long- term changes .
- the images of the area may be recorded under various different ambient conditions.
- the comparing means then uses the image previously taken under ambient conditions closest to the current conditions when making a comparison with a current image. But, as explained later, this is likely to pose problems in some applications.
- the comparing means uses at least one image of an immediately preceding sequence of images when making a comparison with a current image.
- a large library of images does not have to be stored; it is assumed that ambient conditions will not change very much over a short period when several images are recorded, and so the latest image in a sequence is compared with at least one earlier one.
- a feature whose motion is determined to be in a certain direction can be disregarded.
- Such a library may take a long time, years perhaps, to build up into a really comprehensive one.
- the processor choosing the image also requires a lot of information to be input, such as time of day and season, state of tide, wind strength and direction, general sea state, cloud cover and so on. While some of these parameters are straightforward, others can be variable from moment to moment and are therefore more problematic. It may be necessary to average them over a period. Therefore another, preferred approach is for the scanned waterscape to be analysed for the appearance of differences between areas or of discontinuities, on the premise that in normal conditions there will be substantial regularity or uniformity over the whole picture. Images would be recorded at regular intervals so that not only would the existence of an anomaly be noted but also its development or movement.
- a camera mounted at the top of a pole similar to modern lamp posts would be able to monitor approximately 1km 2 of water.
- the camera used is a matter of choice and budget.
- a standard surveillance camera may be quite adequate for some purposes, but more sophisticated ones could be employed. If its output is not digital, then there are known techniques for digesting an image, and it is most convenient to have the visual information in that form for comparison purposes.
- An infra red (IR) camera may be used to obtain enhanced imaging of thermal patterns - pollution will often be at a different temperature (usually higher) than the surrounding sea. It may also be useful to have a camera that extends its range into the ultraviolet (UV) part of the electromagnetic spectrum, or indeed beyond. A polarising filter could produce better results in some circumstances.
- UV ultraviolet
- a camera with zoom and/or facility to tilt and pan There may be a fixed field of view, or a camera with zoom and/or facility to tilt and pan, as mentioned above.
- the system as currently conceived will usually be shore based, or on a solid structure such as an oil rig or lighthouse, and typically such a camera would be arranged to look out beyond the low tide mark to an inshore patch of water.
- a solar-powered camera would be appropriate, with solar-powered transmission.
- the camera may be a "smart" camera, equipped with the means for analysing what it sees in the manner described above and just having as its output an alarm to signify that there is an excursion from the normal which needs further investigation.
- the communication between camera and a control station where the comparison and analysis takes place may be by any convenient means of transmission. If the two are adjacent then of course they may be connected by cable, but for more distant transmission telephone or the internet will probably be the best low cost answer, particularly as only one frame (typically ⁇ 200KB) may be sent every ten to fifteen minutes.
- Trials indicate that converting the image into small areas each with a Grey scale number between 1 and 256, and determining if there are adjacent zones where the difference in Grey scale numbers across the boundary is 20 or more, can be indicative of a patch of pollution when that boundary did not previously exist.
- the frequency of inspection by the camera is a matter of choice, but it is anticipated that it should suffice for each section of target water surface to be evaluated at that rate. But in calm conditions, the frequency might be lowered as change will be slow.
- This surveillance can be of open sea, lochs, estuaries, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, or indeed any stretch of water. But as mentioned at the outset, it could be applied to other areas. For example, a beach or shoreline could be monitored for erosion or migration of sand or shingle, or for the deposition of rubbish. It could have traffic applications, such as giving an alarm when traffic has been observed by camera to have to come to a standstill. There are security possibilities, such as signalling that something is in the field of view that was not there previously.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01960951A EP1314019A1 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2001-08-24 | A monitoring system |
AU2001282337A AU2001282337A1 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2001-08-24 | A monitoring system |
US10/362,604 US20040027494A1 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2001-08-24 | Monitoring system |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0020973A GB0020973D0 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2000-08-26 | A method of monitoring water-borne pollutants |
GB0020973.4 | 2000-08-26 | ||
GB0027050A GB0027050D0 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | A method of monitoring surveillance fields |
GB0027050.4 | 2000-11-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002018917A1 true WO2002018917A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
Family
ID=26244905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2001/003815 WO2002018917A1 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2001-08-24 | A monitoring system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040027494A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1314019A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001282337A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002018917A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7424167B1 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2008-09-09 | Objectvideo, Inc. | Tide filtering for video surveillance system |
WO2012170093A2 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-12-13 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Autonomous detection of chemical plumes |
CN102789546B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2015-03-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Reference lake quantitative determination method based on human disturbance intensity |
WO2015199912A1 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2015-12-30 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Image quality enhancement of a differential image for a multiple detector system |
US9448134B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2016-09-20 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems for detecting a chemical species and use thereof |
US9501827B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2016-11-22 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Methods and systems for detecting a chemical species |
WO2015199914A1 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2015-12-30 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Methods for calibrating a multiple detector system |
RU2587109C1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-06-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Государственный научно-исследовательский навигационно-гидрографический институт" (ОАО "ГНИНГИ") | System for detecting and monitoring contamination offshore oil and gas field |
CN112028136A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-12-04 | 王庆华 | Idle identification system and method for sewage treatment equipment |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5095365A (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1992-03-10 | Hitachi, Ltd. | System for monitoring operating state of devices according to their degree of importance |
DE4203452A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-12 | Deutsche Aerospace | Radar, microwave and optical measurement pollution in river, stream or canal - using existing structures, e.g. bridges, for mounting sensor, i.e. radar appts., with output fed to local processing unit |
DE4314483A1 (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1994-11-10 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Surveillance system |
EP0741027A2 (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1996-11-06 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Image inspection apparatus |
EP0979995A1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-16 | Hildeco OY Ltd. | Method and system for monitoring a paper web, a paper pulp or a wire travelling in a paper machine |
WO2000023959A1 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-04-27 | Vsd Limited | Smoke detection |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5124915A (en) * | 1990-05-29 | 1992-06-23 | Arthur Krenzel | Computer-aided data collection system for assisting in analyzing critical situations |
US5257085A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1993-10-26 | Kaman Aerospace Corporation | Spectrally dispersive imaging lidar system |
US5169519A (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1992-12-08 | Elsas Norman E | Oil spill recovery system |
US5532679A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1996-07-02 | Baxter, Jr.; John F. | Oil spill detection system |
-
2001
- 2001-08-24 WO PCT/GB2001/003815 patent/WO2002018917A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-24 EP EP01960951A patent/EP1314019A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-24 US US10/362,604 patent/US20040027494A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-24 AU AU2001282337A patent/AU2001282337A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5095365A (en) * | 1989-10-20 | 1992-03-10 | Hitachi, Ltd. | System for monitoring operating state of devices according to their degree of importance |
DE4203452A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-12 | Deutsche Aerospace | Radar, microwave and optical measurement pollution in river, stream or canal - using existing structures, e.g. bridges, for mounting sensor, i.e. radar appts., with output fed to local processing unit |
DE4314483A1 (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1994-11-10 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Surveillance system |
EP0741027A2 (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1996-11-06 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Image inspection apparatus |
EP0979995A1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-16 | Hildeco OY Ltd. | Method and system for monitoring a paper web, a paper pulp or a wire travelling in a paper machine |
WO2000023959A1 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-04-27 | Vsd Limited | Smoke detection |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040027494A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1314019A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
AU2001282337A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
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