WO2002008535A2

WO2002008535A2 - Multipurpose modular concrete form

Info

Publication number: WO2002008535A2
Application number: PCT/IL2001/000619
Authority: WO
Inventors: Avraham Shani
Original assignee: Zur Tavniot Ltd.
Priority date: 2000-07-11
Filing date: 2001-07-06
Publication date: 2002-01-31
Also published as: WO2002008535A3; AU7095801A; IL137268A0; IL137268A

Abstract

A modular form (200) for concrete walls includes a number of adjacent basic units (12) with at least one locking mechanism (500, 900) tying at least two adjacent basic units together at attachment sites on backs of the units. At least one horizontal beam (110) overlies the basic units and secures to the backs of the basic units. At least one vertical beam (202), overlying the horizontal beam, is also fastened to the backs of the basic units. At least one connector (210, 206) connects two of the vertical beams across a pouring gap (130) formed by two modular forms.

Description

Multipurpose Modular Concrete Form

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is of a modular concrete form which enables formation of hole-free and obstacle-free vertical concrete walls, and which can be used for additional puφoses, such as formation of vertical concrete walls with hole-free decorative facings. The modular form allows flexible transportation, either manually or by crane, and can be assembled and disassembled rapidly.

Basic forms (hereafter referred to as "basic units") for pouring concrete walls are well known in the art and available from a variety of suppliers throughout the world. A standard basic unit for flat walls is made of metal with a facing (normally plywood or hard plastic) attached to a flat front, and a series of metal beams or profiles welded horizontally and vertically to its back. Hereafter, "profiles" are used in the sense of metal beams. A typical basic flat unit measures [thickness (T) x width (W) x height (H)] 10 x 56 x 280 cm and weighs ca. 65 kg, while a basic corner L- shaped unit measures (thickness x width x width x height) 10 x 26 x 26 x 280 cm and weighs 58 kg. Other standard sizes are available, particularly in the US. Basic units are light enough to be carried manually and assembled on the concrete pouring site. Larger area concrete walls typically require assembly of larger panels from the basic units, either on- or off-site. In an assembled form panel, adjacent basic units are tied together by standard locking pins or other locking means. Standard locking pins are difficult to disassemble after concrete pouring because of their geometry. The two assembled panels, when positioned vertically and in parallel, facing each other, comprise a two-sided form with a pouring gap therebetween, into which a vertical concrete wall can be poured. The mechanical strength of the two-sided form and the distance between the two parallel panels is maintained by panel-to-panel tie connectors, either tie screws or tie rods, which fasten the two panels together. In some applications shorter tie screws are screwed in pairs, each at one end to a gas-seal buried in the middle of the concrete wall, the other end of the tie screws fastened to the back of each panel. All tie connectors cross the concrete wall. Tie screws are typically inserted through plastic sleeves, which may be cylindrical or conical. The sleeves remain buried in the poured concrete, while the screws are pulled out, leaving holes in the concrete. Tie rods remain buried in the poured structure. With gas seals, there are no holes that transverse the concrete, but there are still shorter holes exiting the concrete wall. With all tie connectors, there must be holes in the panels through which the screws and rods pass, referred to hereafter as "tie holes". Thus all standard basic units available on the market contain tie holes.

At present, vertically poured concrete walls contain either buried sleeves (holes), referred to hereafter as "concrete holes", or tie rods. In Israel for example, in uses such as bomb shelters or safety rooms, concrete holes are not allowed in the visible wall section above a floor (the latter normally laid on top of a concrete base and a spacer layer of sand) and must be plugged by additional, costly procedures. Tie rods protruding from the concrete represent obstacles and must be cut and removed at the wall surface, also a costly procedure. The bare iron left behind may corrode, leaving marks on the concrete, requiring additional treatments which add to cost. In addition, throughout the word, architectural concrete walls need to be prepared with a finish which preferably is free of concrete holes or obstacles.

Efforts to reduce the number of tie holes have been made in the past. One recent example is US Patent 5836126, which describes a modular concrete form system for architectural walls, with two tie holes (and rods) per 1.22x2.44 meters sheets vs. 12 to 14 tie rods in prior art. This improvement translates into a one tie hole per 1.44 square meter, but remains unacceptable for use in bomb shelters or safety rooms as discussed above.

On a building site, flexibility is required in moving forms from building to building, or from one floor to another in the same building, while the availability of adequate manpower or cranes in not always assured. Existing modular forms lack such flexibility in that they are usually rather difficult to assemble and disassemble, therefore tending to remain assembled in certain sizes, which makes them too heavy to be carried by hand, thus requiring a crane. A crane may not always be available when needed, in which case costly delays may ensue. A concrete wall is often covered by an additional sheet of decorative material, for example marble, ceramics or stone. Often, an additional thermal insulation layer is inserted between the concrete and the decorative layer. The decorative sheets are first attached to the front of concrete forms (in effect replacing the normal facing) when the forms are in a horizontal position, and pressed against the forms by backing beams. The forms are raised to a vertical position, yielding the two-sided structure with the decorative sheets facing each other, and tie connectors are passed through tie holes in the forms and sheets to fasten the two sides, as discussed above. With the poured concrete still wet, the backing beams are taken out, leaving the decorative sheets attached directly to the concrete through pre-positioned hooks protruding from the sheets into the concrete. The process has the same problem of holes and/or tie rods in the decorative sheets as existing in the bare concrete. In addition, since special forms are usually needed for decorative sheet work, costs increase and logistics become complicated. There is thus a need for, and it would be advantageous to have, a multipurpose modular form for concrete which can be used to pour vertical concrete walls which do not have concrete tie holes or buried tie rods in their visible part, thus obviating the need for the additional costly procedures used at present. There is also a need for, and it would be advantageous to have, a multipurpose modular form for concrete which can be assembled and disassembled rapidly, thus enhancing the flexibility of its transportation and use. There is also a need for, and it would be advantageous to have a multipuφose modular form for concrete which is versatile in that it can be used for standard uses as practiced in the art, but also for other procedures, such as attaching decorative sheets, or thermal insulation together with decorative sheets on the concrete, while at the same time providing a hole-free and obstacle-free decorative surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INNENTION

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a modular form for concrete walls, the modular form comprising: a plurality of adjacent basic units; at least one locking mechanism tying at least two adjacent basic units together at attachment sites on backs of the basic units; at least one horizontal beam overlying the basic units and secured to the backs of the basic units; at least one vertical beam overlying the at least one horizontal beam, the at least one vertical beam fastened to the backs of the basic units; and at least one connector connecting at least two of the at least one vertical beams across a pouring gap formed by two modular forms.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a conical ruler for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the ruler comprising two slightly angled perforated ends and a middle conical wedge section with two edges, wherein the middle wedge section serves as a spacer between two modular forms, and wherein the conical ruler serves as a connector between two vertical beams, each of the vertical beams pressing against a back of each modular form. According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a crescent locking pin for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the crescent locking pin comprising a crescent wedge and a slotted pin, the slotted pin further comprising a slot with an internal rounded front edge, wherein the crescent locking pin facilitates quick assembly and disassembly of adjacent modular forms.

According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a crescent wedge for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the crescent wedge comprising a crescent section and a straight section with two angled corners, wherein the crescent wedge enables quick locking and unlocking of a crescent locking pin.

According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided an attachment system for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the attachment system comprising a top profile connected to a top edge of a basic unit; a bottom profile connected to a bottom edge of a basic unit, and at least one backing vertical beam connected to the top profile and to the bottom profile, wherein the attachment system facilitates use of a modular form as an expanded modular form for pouring concrete walls with decorative facings.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a modified basic unit for use in modular forms, the modifies basic unit including an edge half hole, wherein the modified basic units facilitates rapid assembly and disassembly of the modular forms.

According to a preferred feature of the present invention there is provided a modular form which enables the pouring of a hole-free and obstacle-free concrete wall. According to yet another preferred feature of the present invention there is provided a modular form for pouring concrete walls with decorative facings which are hole-free and obstacle-free.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is hereafter described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is an expanded view of a prior art modular form;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a prior art attachment mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a prior art two-sided form;

FIG. 4 is an expanded view of one preferred embodiment of the modular form of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a two-sided form according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conical ruler;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conical ruler with a hook; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a two-sided form showing external work platforms hooked to conical ruler hooks;

FIG. 9A is a cross-section of a crescent wedge-and-pin locking mechanism;

FIG. 9B is a side view of a preferred form of a pin for use in the crescent wedge-and-pin locking mechanism of Figure 9A; FIG. 10A is a perspective view of a crescent wedge-and-pin locking mechanism;

FIG. 10B is horizontal cross-sectional view taken through the mechanism of Figure 10A; FIG. 11 is an expanded view of yet another preferred embodiment of the modular form of the present invention;

FIGS. 12A and 12B are perspective views of a two-sided form showing two preferred implementations for using basic units with tie screws;

FIG. 13 is a cross section of a top profile used to attach decorative facings; and FIG. 14 is a cross section of a bottom profile used to attach decorative facings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention is of a multipuφose modular form which can be used to reduce costs of pouring vertical concrete walls, while increasing flexibility in transportation and use. Specifically, the present invention can be used to pour hole- free and obstacle-free bare visible walls, and to obtain decorative walls on concrete using the same form as used for bare walls.

The principles and operation of a multipuφose modular concrete form according to the present invention may be better understood with reference to the drawings and the accompanying description. To illustrate the prior art, Figure 1 shows a prior art assembled modular form 10. Form 10 consists of a row of rectangular metal basic units 12 attached adjacently, side by side along their width in a common plane. Up to twenty units 12 can be so attached, and with the additional attachment of corner basic units 16, form 10 may measure 12 meters long and 280 cm high. Form 10 must be lifted by hooks 50 and transported by crane. The height can be increased by attaching additional units 12 on top of the first row, either upright or sidewise. A detail 60 of two attached units 12 including a prior art attachment mechanism is shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows unit 12 as consisting of a flat metal plate 20, horizontal metal profiles 22, vertical metal profiles 24, and a facing sheet 26 (usually plywood or hard plastic) attached to the front of plate 20. The back of plate 20 together with profiles 22 and 24 form a "back" 40 of unit 12. Profiles 22 and 24 are normally welded to plate 20. Two adjacent units 12 are tied by a prior art attachment mechanism comprising a locking slotted pin 28 which passes through a hole 30 in profiles 24 and is secured in place by a wedge 32 inserted into a slot 34. This pin-and- wedge structure holds the two adjacent units 12 tightly together. Because of its shape, wedge 32 is difficult to dislodge after the concrete is poured, slowing the disassembly of form 10.

Fig. 3 shows a view of a two-sided form section 100, in which a pair of two adjacent units 12 face each other. Tie holes 102 are shown located on plates 20. As practiced in the art, holes 102 are always located inside each plate (not at an edge). There are normally 2-4 holes 102 per unit 12. Tie screws 104 pass through holes 102 in one side, through plastic sleeves 118 placed between the two sides, and through holes 102 in the other side, and are tightened at each back 40 by a nut 106. Sleeves 118 serve as spacers and fix the distance between facing units 12 (and the thickness of the concrete wall), while screws 104 keep forms 10 from separating when the concrete is poured in a gap 130 and exerts outward pressure. In other prior art embodiments, screws 104 may be tie rods which are secured to the backs 40 by other means, such as bending. An unused hole 102 can be plugged by a stopper 108.

Returning now to Fig. 1, the number of tie rods or screws crossing the concrete wall can be reduced by half, through the use of at least one parallel horizontal beam 110, overlying backs 40 and fastened to backs 40 by connectors 112. Three such beams 110 are shown. Opposite sets of beams 110 are connected by screws 104 which pass through holes 102 in plates 12 and cross section 100 and the concrete wall.

Referring now to Fig. 4, the figure shows a modular form 200 of the present invention. In the figure there are shown four parallel vertical beams 202, preferably longer than the height of units 12 by typically up to 20 cm, which are added to the prior art form 10 of Fig. 1. A preferred function of these beams is to provide attachment points for connectors above the top edges 608 of units 12 and below the bottom edges 610 of units 12. Another function is providing mechanical stability and strength to form 200. Each beam 202 has a top end 250 and a bottom end 260. End 250 has a horizontal hole 252. An overhead connector 210 passes through hole 252. Preferably, end 250 may be a wedge, most preferably with a right triangular cross section, and will be referred to hereafter as a "perforated wedge". In yet other preferred embodiments, end 250 may be a wedge with an L-shape or a T-shape cross section. Beams 202 preferably have longitudinal slots 254. Each beam 202 presses at least one beam 110 against backs 40. The sandwich structure comprising beam 202, beam 110 and at least one unit 12 is fastened together by screws 220, which pass through beam 110, and is tied to a connector assembly 208 and backs 40 of units 12. A cross-sectional view of two opposite beams 202 connected across a two-sided structure 300 constructed of at least two parallel forms 200 is shown in more detail in Fig. 5. Beams 202 overlie horizontal beams 110. End 250 is higher than a height 222 of the future concrete wall, therefore connectors 210 inserted in holes 252 pass above and not through the concrete. An opposite pair of beams 202 is also shown in Fig. 5 as connected by a connector 206 which passes above a concrete base 264 and under the line of a future floor 224 which is higher (typically by about 20 cm) than base 264. Connectors 206 are referred to hereafter as "bottom connectors". Preferably, connectors 206 are removable from the concrete wall after casting. Most preferably, the bottom connectors are rulers with a thin cross section which is at least in part conical, i.e. representing a conical wedge shape, which allows easy removal from the concrete. Bottom connectors 206 in the form of rulers are referred to hereafter as "conical rulers". Connector 206 is preferably attached to end 260 by connector assembly 208, which is an integral and essential element of the most preferred bottom connection as disclosed herein.

Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of connector 206 as a ruler in perspective. Preferably, ruler 206 has a flat section 390 with two slightly (at an angle of about 6 degrees, also known as a "freeing angle") angled ends 302 and 304 in which there are rectangular openings 306 and 308. Most preferably, ruler 206 also has a conical section 310 with two edges 312 and 314 at its middle. This shape allows rulers 206 to be pulled out easily from the concrete after setting (in Fig. 5 by being pulled by end 304 to the right), unlike present tie screws. In addition, units 12 are secured against edges 312 and 314, section 310 thus serving as a spacer which fixes the width of the concrete wall. Section 310 of the conical rulers thus fulfills the role of spacer sleeves, but unlike the sleeves, it is removed from the concrete. The holes left behind in the concrete after rulers 206 are pulled out are under the level of floor 224 and can be plugged by the usual means known in the art. In Fig. 5, ruler 206 is shown fixed to an internal concrete base 328 by a screw 330 which passes through hole 316.

Returning now to Fig. 5, in the preferred embodiment structure 300 shown in the figure, the two opposite beams 202 are connected at their wedges 250 by overhead connector 210 which is preferably a tie screw, and are connected at their bottoms by ruler 206, which is fixed to base 328. Connector assembly 208 has a long arm 292 with a hole 294 at its one end, and a geometric edge 212 at its other end. Edge 212 has the shape of a rounded hook or wedge tip, and can be pivoted and easily and rapidly inserted and removed from holes in the slightly angled ends (referred to hereafter "perforated ends") of ruler 206 (see below), thus enabling a more rapid assembly and disassembly of structure 300. An additional function of assembly 208 is to press against beam 202 when closed to an upright position and held by screw 220.

Structure 300 shown in Fig. 5 has a major advantage over prior art in that, when the concrete in poured in gap 130 between units 12 which had their tie holes plugged by stoppers, there are no tie screws or rods passing through the visible concrete wall, since overhead connectors 210 would be above top 222, while bottom connectors 206 would be below the level of floor 224. Consequently, there are neither concrete tie holes nor cut edges of tie rods (obstacles) in the visible wall. However, it is appreciated that the modular form of the present invention, while providing advantages not existing at present, may be also used for all standard procedures of pouring walls with holes and tie rods for which modular forms known in the art are used.

Another preferred configuration of ruler 206, shown in Fig. 7, has a hook 420. As shown in Fig. 8, hook 420 serves to hold external work platforms 430, removing the need to have additional means to tie work platforms to walls, as presently practiced. Specifically, in prior art work platforms are either erected on external scaffolds, which is expensive, or hooks which hold the platforms are inserted into concrete holes. If holes are not present, as disclosed herein, present practice would require drilling them to place the hooks. Rulers 206 are therefore much more versatile than regular tie screws or rods. The ease and speed of assembly and disassembly of the modular form disclosed herein can be further improved by solving the problem existing with presently used locking pins, specifically the pin-and- edge assemblies of the type shown in Fig. 2. The major existing problem is freeing wedge 32 from slot 34. As a result, in the prior art shown in Fig. 1, the disassembly of a form 10 into basic units 12, needed for example when each unit 12 has to be handled and transported manually, may waste time. The problem is solved by use of a new, crescent shaped wedge and by a new shape imparted to slot 34 in slotted pin 28. Fig. 9A shows this new pin-and-wedge assembly, referred to hereafter as "crescent locking pin" in cross section, while Fig. 10A shows it in perspective. In Fig. 9A, a crescent wedge 500 has a crescent section 502 and a straight section 504, section 504 having two angled corners 506 and 508. Wedge 500 is inserted into (locked in) slot 34 by hitting it with a hammer on corner 506. Slot 34 has an internal rounded front edge 510, so that crescent section 502 advances until it exerts pressure on three contact points: point 520 on edge 510, and two points 512 on the corners of a pressure plate 514 pressed against profile 24. Wedge 500 is dislodged from slot 34 by hitting it on corner 508, a much simpler and quicker procedure than practiced at present. Parenthetically, Fig. 10A also shows one further optional difference with Fig. 2, namely, that a tie hole 570 can now pass between two profiles 24 instead of in the flat areas between the profiles on each unit 12. This may be an advantage when the modular form of the present invention is used for conventional puφoses, i.e. pouring of concrete walls which can have tie holes or rods, because it may be easier to attach and take apart two adjacent units 12 with a common hole 570, than units 12 with holes in their center areas. This option will be discussed further with reference to Figure 12A below.

Although crescent wedge 500 may be used to advantage with a conventional pin 28, it is believed to be of particular advantage when used in combination with an adjustable pin 900 as illustrated in Figure 9B. Pin 900 is generally similar to pin 28, but replaces the welded head portion with a threaded nut 902 engaged on a threaded portion 904 of the pin. Threaded portion 904 preferably extends along at least about a third of the total length of pin 900. Nut 902 may be a conventional hexagonal or other standard nut, or may be otherwise formed to cooperate with or engage corresponding features surrounding the holes in profiles 24. The use of this threaded engagement permits adjustment of the effective length of pin 900, thereby allowing it to accommodate a wide range of dimensions. The deployment of this pin with crescent wedge 500 may be seen more clearly in Figure 10B. Modular form 200 can be adapted for use as a form to pour concrete walls with decorative facings which have no tie holes, including an intermediate layer of thermal insulation if needed, by providing an attachment system as described herein.. Fig. 11 illustrates this use in a perspective view and a side view. A top profile 604 and a bottom profile 606 both having arrays of vertical and horizontal holes, are attached to the top and bottom edges 608 and 610 of units 12. Decorative facings 650 (e.g. as sheets) shown in the side view are pressed against the original facing (e.g. plywood or plastic) of units 12 by backing vertical beams 612. Preferably, beams 612 are thin metal rulers. Facings 650 may be placed on one side or both sides of a two-sided structure. Beams 612 have holes at their top and bottom ends, and are strong and rigid enough to hold the decorative facings securely against units 12. Top connectors 614 connect rulers 612 above the tops of decorative facings 650 to profile 604, while bottom connectors 616 tie rulers 612 to profile 606 below the bottom of facings 650. The resulting structure is that of two planes of tie hole-free decorative sheets facing each other across the space into which a concrete wall 640 is poured. The decorative sheets face in contact with the concrete has pre-installed hooks which form a strong bond with the poured concrete. After the concrete is poured, form 200 is removed leaving a concrete wall with a decorative facing. Fig. 11 also illustrates the use of the modular form of this invention in a conventional manner, i.e. for walls with tie screws. Screws 104 are shown used either with units 12 alone, or with units 12 and horizontal beams 110. The screws will pass through the concrete wall, from side-to-side in a two- sided structure. Optionally, in contrast with the prior art of Fig. 1, through the use of holes 570, screws 104 may pass between and not through units 12. This necessitates the provision of an edge half hole 800 at an external vertical edge 802 of profiles 24, as shown in Fig. 12A. A unit 12 modified to contain hole 800 as shown in Fig. 12A is referred to hereafter as a "modified unit" 12. In certain cases, modular form panels assembled from modified units may provide greater flexibility and can be assembled and disassembled more rapidly when used for conventional walls with hole or tie rods. It should be appreciated, however, that the present invention may also be used to advantage in implementations in which screws 104 pass through holes formed within the units 12. Such an implementation, illustrating a number of possible positions of holes 570, is illustrated in Figure 12B.

Fig. 13 shows a detail of top profile 604 and its connections. A vertical part 630 of profile 604 is connected through connector 614 to beam 612 across facings 650. Connector 614 is preferably a bolt or screw inserted into a nut section 630 formed in beam 612. Nut section 630 penetrates only a part of beam 612. A horizontal section 634 of profile 604 is connected to top edge 608 of unit 12 by connector 636. Connector 614 can be easily unscrewed from nut section 630 after the concrete is poured on the left side of facings 650, thus freeing beam 612 at its top. Connector 614 and nut section 630 thus constitute a release mechanism of the decorative facing attachment system.

Fig. 14 shows a detail of bottom profile 606 and its connections. Profile 606 preferably has a U cross-section. An additional section 700 fixed to the U cross- section encloses an area containing seal 702. Preferably, seal 702 is made of rubber, and its function is to stop watery runoffs from the concrete. Bottom connector 616, preferably a bolt or screw, is connected to a partial nut section 704 in beam 612, similar to section 630. Profile 606 sits atop bottom connector 206 and is attached to edge 610 of unit 12 by connector 706. After concrete is poured on the left side of facings 650, connector 616 can be easily unscrewed from nut section 704, thus freeing beam 612 at its bottom. Beam 612 is then pulled free from the concrete, while the concrete is still wet. Connector 616 and nut section 704 thus also constitute a release mechanism of the decorative facing attachment system.

The modular form 200 which includes the additional parts referred to hereabove, which enable it to pour a concrete wall with decorative facings is referred to herein as an "expanded modular form". The major advantage of the expanded modular form of this invention is that the decorative sheets have no tie holes, and that the same underlying modular form is used for bare concrete and for decorative walls.

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

All patents mentioned in this specification are herein incoφorated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual patent was specifically and individually indicated to be incoφorated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. L A modular form for concrete walls, the form comprising:

(a) a plurality of adjacent basic units;

(b) at least one locking mechanism tying at least two said adjacent basic units together at attachment sites on backs of said basic units;

(c) at least one horizontal beam overlying said basic units and secured to said backs of said basic units;

(d) at least one vertical beam overlying said at least one horizontal beam, said at least one vertical beam fastened to said backs of said basic units; and

(e) at least one connector connecting at least two of said at least one vertical beams across a pouring gap formed by two said modular forms.

2. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said modular forms enables the pouring of a hole-free and obstacle- free concrete wall.

3. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said at least one connector includes at least one overhead connector.

4. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said at least one connector includes at least one bottom connector.

5. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said at least one locking mechanism comprises a wedge inserted into a slotted pin.

6. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a crescent shaped wedge inserted into a slotted pin.

7. The modular form of claim 1, wherein said at least one vertical beam includes a perforated wedge.

8. The modular form of claim 4, wherein said bottom connector comprises a ruler with two perforated ends, each of said perforated ends connected to a connector assembly, said connector assembly connected to said at least one vertical beam.

9. The modular form of claim 8, wherein said connector assembly includes a geometrical edge inserted into each said perforated ends.

10. The modular form of claim 9, wherein said ruler includes a conical wedge section pressing against a front of at least one said basic units and defimng said pouring gap.

11. The modular form of claim 1, further comprising at least one attachment mechanism for attaching at least one decorative facing to a front of at least one of said basic units

12. The modular form of claim 11, wherein said forms enable the pouring of a concrete wall with at least one hole-free and obstacle-free decorative facing.

13. The modular form of claim 11, wherein said attachment mechanism comprises a top profile connected to a top edge of said basic units, a bottom profile connected to a bottom edge of said basic units, and backing vertical beams connected to said top and bottom profiles.

14. The modular form of claim 11, further comprising a ruler, said ruler comprising a conical wedge section with two edges, said edges pressing against said at least one decorative facing and defining said pouring gap.

15. A conical ruler for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the ruler comprising:

(a) two slightly angled perforated ends; and (b) a middle conical wedge section with two edges; wherein said middle wedge section serves as a spacer between two said modular forms; and wherein said conical ruler serves as a connector between two vertical beams, each of said vertical beams pressing against a back of one said modular forms.

16. A crescent locking pin for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the crescent locking pin comprising:

(a) a crescent wedge; and

(b) a slotted pin, said slotted pin further comprising a slot with an internal rounded front edge; wherein said crescent locking pin facilitates quick assembly and disassembly of adjacent modular forms.

17. The crescent locking pin of claim 16, wherein said slotted pin having an end remote from said slot, said slotted pin including a threaded portion adjacent to said end, a threaded nut being engaged with said threaded portion.

18. The crescent locking pin of claim 17, wherein said threaded portion extends for at least about a third of a total length of said slotted pin.

19. A crescent wedge for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the crescent wedge comprising :

(a) a crescent section; and

(b) a straight section with two angled corners, wherein said crescent wedge enables quick locking and unlocking of a crescent locking pin.

20. An attachment system for use in conjunction with a modular form for pouring concrete, the attachment system comprising:

(a) a top profile connected to a top edge of a basic unit; (b) a bottom profile connected to a bottom edge of a basic unit;

(c) at least one backing vertical beam connected to said top profile and to said bottom profile; wherein said attachment system facilitates use of a modular form as an expanded modular form for pouring concrete walls with decorative facings.

21. A modified basic unit for use in modular forms, said modified basic unit including an edge half hole, wherein said modified basic units facilitates rapid assembly and disassembly of said modular forms.