WO2001091461A2 - Watermark detection - Google Patents
Watermark detection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001091461A2 WO2001091461A2 PCT/EP2001/004949 EP0104949W WO0191461A2 WO 2001091461 A2 WO2001091461 A2 WO 2001091461A2 EP 0104949 W EP0104949 W EP 0104949W WO 0191461 A2 WO0191461 A2 WO 0191461A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- watermark
- power
- arrangement
- embedded
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
- G06T1/005—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
- G06T1/0028—Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
- H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
- G06T2201/0065—Extraction of an embedded watermark; Reliable detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
- H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
- H04N2005/91307—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by adding a copy protection signal to the video signal
- H04N2005/91335—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by adding a copy protection signal to the video signal the copy protection signal being a watermark
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and arrangement for detecting a watermark in a signal.
- Watermarking of audio and video material is an important building block in copy protection schemes.
- a watermark is an additional piece of information which is embedded in the content.
- the embedded watermark is imperceptible, survives A/D and D/A conversion, survives compression techniques, and is robust against various signal- processing algorithms .
- samples refers to signal values in the domain in which the watermark is embedded. Samples may be, for example, temporal variables such as sound intensities of an audio signal, spatial variables such as luminance values of a picture, or coefficients representing a signal after a suitable transform.
- a known method of detecting an embedded watermark in a signal is disclosed in International Patent Application WO-A-99/ 12347.
- the method comprises the steps of correlating the suspect signal with the watermark to be detected, and detecting whether the amount of correlation exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- additive embedding refers to systems in which the watermark has been added to the original signal in accordance with:
- the invention provides a method and arrangement for detecting a watermark in a signal as defined in the independent claims. It has been found by the inventors that the presence of a multiplicatively embedded watermark can be more reliably detected by first squaring the signal samples before correlating the signal with the watermark. More generally, the presence of a watermark, which is embedded, using a perceptual mask should be detected by raising the suspect signal to a power ⁇ which is not equal to 1.
- Advantageous embodiments of the method and arrangement are defined in the dependent claims.
- the Figure shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement for detecting a watermark in accordance with the invention.
- the arrangement shown in the Figure receives samples qj of a suspect signal Q where the index i denotes a one-dimensional variable (such as discrete instants of time of a digital audio signal), or a two-dimensional variable (such as spatial locations of pixels of an image or locations of DCT or DFT frequency coefficients of a transformed image).
- the watermark is usually a (temporal or spatial) noisy pattern of +1 and -1 values.
- the arrangement comprises a processing circuit 1, a multiplier 2, a summing circuit 3, and a threshold detector 4.
- the processing circuit 1 raises the samples ⁇ of the suspect signal Q to a power ⁇ .
- N denotes the total number of samples constituting the watermark.
- the amount of correlation constitutes a decision variable d which is applied to the threshold detector 4 and therein compared with a predetermined threshold. If the correlation exceeds said threshold, the watermark W is said to be present in the suspect signal, otherwise it is not.
- the invention is based on the assumption that the samples pj are usually distributed according to the Weibull probability density function
- the power ⁇ to which the suspect samples q; are raised by processing circuit 1 is selected to be equal to the parameter ⁇ of said Weibull probability density function.
- the arrangement includes an analysis circuit 5 which, under the assumption that the signal can indeed so be modeled, determines the parameter ⁇ of said Weibull probability density function.
- the parameter ⁇ is then applied to the processing circuit 1.
- a fixed predetermined value for ⁇ may be used as well.
- the value is larger than 1.
- DCT coefficients are usually modeled by the Weibull distribution.
- the Rayleigh distribution is particularly suitable for modeling Fourier coefficients.
- it is advantageous to use the fixed value ⁇ 2 for signals that have been watermarked in the DCT or Fourier domain.
- the embedded watermark is then detected by correlating (2,3) it with the suspect signal.
- multiplicatively embedded watermarks are detected by raising (1) the signal to a power ⁇ prior to correlating it with the watermark.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Television Systems (AREA)
- Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001586919A JP2003534739A (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-05-02 | Digital watermark detection |
KR1020027000980A KR20020019563A (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-05-02 | Watermark detection |
EP01940391A EP1295474A2 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-05-02 | Watermark detection |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00201786.1 | 2000-05-23 | ||
EP00201786 | 2000-05-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001091461A2 true WO2001091461A2 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
WO2001091461A3 WO2001091461A3 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
Family
ID=8171524
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/004949 WO2001091461A2 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-05-02 | Watermark detection |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6718287B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1295474A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003534739A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020019563A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1197364C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001091461A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2383221A (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-18 | Sony Uk Ltd | Method of identifying a codeword used as a watermark |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6631198B1 (en) | 2000-06-19 | 2003-10-07 | Digimarc Corporation | Perceptual modeling of media signals based on local contrast and directional edges |
US6633654B2 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2003-10-14 | Digimarc Corporation | Perceptual modeling of media signals based on local contrast and directional edges |
CN100399827C (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2008-07-02 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Quantization index modulation (QIM) digital watermarking of multimedia signals |
KR100484230B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2005-04-20 | 김태정 | Asymmetric Digital Watermarking Method with Highly Improved Security |
KR100484231B1 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2005-04-20 | 김태정 | Watermark Detection Method with Highly Improved Ability of Resistance to Sensitivity Attack and The System |
CN1306453C (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2007-03-21 | 中国人民解放军第一军医大学 | Image water print embedding and detecting method of strong antiimpact performance in discrete conversion region |
DE102004002840B4 (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2006-08-10 | Erbslöh Aluminium Gmbh | Method for producing a decorative, solid sheet metal part |
GB2431839B (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2010-05-19 | Sony Uk Ltd | Audio processing |
WO2007057813A2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Perpetual masking for secure watermark embedding |
EP2175443A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-14 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for for regaining watermark data that were embedded in an original signal by modifying sections of said original signal in relation to at least two different reference data sequences |
US8644376B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-02-04 | Alcatel Lucent | Apparatus and method for generating compressive measurements of video using spatial and temporal integration |
US9319578B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2016-04-19 | Alcatel Lucent | Resolution and focus enhancement |
US9344736B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-05-17 | Alcatel Lucent | Systems and methods for compressive sense imaging |
US9634690B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2017-04-25 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and apparatus for arbitrary resolution video coding using compressive sampling measurements |
US8929456B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2015-01-06 | Alcatel Lucent | Video coding using compressive measurements |
US9398310B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2016-07-19 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and apparatus for super-resolution video coding using compressive sampling measurements |
US9600899B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-03-21 | Alcatel Lucent | Methods and apparatuses for detecting anomalies in the compressed sensing domain |
US9563806B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-02-07 | Alcatel Lucent | Methods and apparatuses for detecting anomalies using transform based compressed sensing matrices |
US9894324B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2018-02-13 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Method and system for modifying compressive sensing block sizes for video monitoring using distance information |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999012347A2 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and arrangement for detecting a watermark |
EP0957637A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-17 | NEC Corporation | Image attribute altering device and electronic watermark embedding device |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5748763A (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1998-05-05 | Digimarc Corporation | Image steganography system featuring perceptually adaptive and globally scalable signal embedding |
US5822436A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1998-10-13 | Digimarc Corporation | Photographic products and methods employing embedded information |
US6393140B1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2002-05-21 | Nippon Conlux Co., Ltd. | Paper-like piece identifying method and device |
US6320965B1 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2001-11-20 | Liquid Audio, Inc. | Secure watermark method and apparatus for digital signals |
US6484191B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2002-11-19 | Aloka Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for the real-time calculation of local variance in images |
US6567532B1 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2003-05-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and computer program for extracting an embedded message from a digital image |
-
2001
- 2001-05-02 EP EP01940391A patent/EP1295474A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-02 CN CNB018013651A patent/CN1197364C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-02 KR KR1020027000980A patent/KR20020019563A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-02 JP JP2001586919A patent/JP2003534739A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-02 WO PCT/EP2001/004949 patent/WO2001091461A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-22 US US09/862,282 patent/US6718287B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999012347A2 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and arrangement for detecting a watermark |
EP0957637A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-17 | NEC Corporation | Image attribute altering device and electronic watermark embedding device |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2383221A (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-18 | Sony Uk Ltd | Method of identifying a codeword used as a watermark |
US7206430B2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2007-04-17 | Sony United Kingdom Limited | Data processing apparatus and method of processing data |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020013681A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
EP1295474A2 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
KR20020019563A (en) | 2002-03-12 |
US6718287B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 |
JP2003534739A (en) | 2003-11-18 |
CN1436420A (en) | 2003-08-13 |
WO2001091461A3 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
CN1197364C (en) | 2005-04-13 |
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