WO2001088031A1 - A drag reducing composition - Google Patents
A drag reducing composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001088031A1 WO2001088031A1 PCT/FI2001/000461 FI0100461W WO0188031A1 WO 2001088031 A1 WO2001088031 A1 WO 2001088031A1 FI 0100461 W FI0100461 W FI 0100461W WO 0188031 A1 WO0188031 A1 WO 0188031A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- polymer
- dispersion
- natural
- fat
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010460 hemp oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003006 anti-agglomeration agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 synthetic glycerin ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONRGCKHNIPGJGT-BFIYWSAOSA-N (9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ONRGCKHNIPGJGT-BFIYWSAOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000801434 Eruca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013830 Eruca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- BXWAIGKJAVEJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid;tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BXWAIGKJAVEJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
- F17D1/16—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
- F17D1/17—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid, i.e. diluting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
Definitions
- a drag reducing composition A drag reducing composition
- the invention relates to a drag reducing agent composition, a process for the preparation of a drag reducing agent composition, and a method for reducing the drag of hydrocarbon flowing.
- olefins especially very high molecular weight, non-crystalline and hydrocarbon soluble polymers of C 3 -C 30 ⁇ -olefins.
- WO 97/01582 discloses a drag reducing agent composition made by polymerizing an ⁇ -olefin in a solvent, adding to the resulting polymer solution a non-solvent which precipitates the polymer as small particles, separating from the resulting slurry supernatant solvent and non-solvent, and reducing the amount of solvent further by adding additional non-solvent and/or evaporating the solvent.
- the solvents used in this document are typically kerosene, jet fuel, as well as paraffinic and isoparaffinic solvents.
- Typical non-solvents are C 2 -C 6 mono- and polyhydric alcohols, ethers, ketones and esters.
- anti-agglomeration agents such as metal salts of higher fatty acids may be added in an amount of from 25 to 75% of the weight of the polymer.
- WO 98/16586 discloses a drag reducing agent composition which has been made by coating particles of a poly- ⁇ -olefin with a non-agglomeration (partitioning) agent which e.g. is a fatty acid wax (monoester), a metal salt of a fatty acid, or a fatty acid amide. Then, the coated poly- ⁇ -olefin particles are dispersed in ⁇ C 14 monohydric alcohols, ⁇ C 14 glycols as well as polypropylene and polyethylene glycol ethers.
- a non-agglomeration (partitioning) agent which e.g. is a fatty acid wax (monoester), a metal salt of a fatty acid, or a fatty acid amide.
- the coated poly- ⁇ -olefin particles are dispersed in ⁇ C 14 monohydric alcohols, ⁇ C 14 glycols as well as polypropylene and polyethylene glycol ethers.
- the purpose of the invention is to provide a drag reducing agent composition, which is effective and compatible with the hydrocarbon fluid to be fed through the conduit. Also, the composition should have sufficiently high concentration and be easy to prepare and handle. The raw materials of the composition should be cheap and easily available.
- the present invention is a.
- (b) 40-99% of a natural fat or natural oil, both based on the combined weight of (a) and (b).
- the dispersion also contains:
- components (a), (b) and (c) form at least 80%, most preferably at least about 90% of the weight of the whole drag reducing agent composition.
- the above -Limits become 0.5-59.4% of component (a), 20-98% of component (b) and 0.1-50% of component (c), based on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
- dispersion is meant a system, in which particles of a dispersed phase are not connected but separated from each other by a dispersion medium (Rompps Chemie- Lexicon, 7. Aufl. (1973), 2. Opera, 875).
- high molecular weight non-crystalline polymers capable of reducing drag are per se well-known in the art, and a skilled person knows how to select them.
- Preferable polymers are high molecular weight (Mw > 3- 10 5 g/mol) C 2 - C 30 olefin polymers which are essentially non-crystalline, hydrocarbon soluble and capable of reducing hydrocarbon liquid drag. They may be homopolymers or copolymers of said olefins, whereby the comonomer may be another olefin, see EP- Al-0 223 889, page 3, line 38-44, herewith incorporated by reference, or e.g.
- a divinyl monomer such as divinyl benzene or ⁇ vinyl siloxane
- a copolymer is a polymer which contains more than one type of repeat unit (Alger, M. S. M., Polymer Science Dictionary, 1990, Elsevier Appl. Sci., page 86), including terpolymers.
- said polymer is an ultra high molecular weight (UHMW, Mw > 3-10 6 g/mol) non-crystalline C -C 30 ⁇ -olefin polymer, more preferably an UHMW C4-C 20 ⁇ -olefin polymer, and most preferably an UHMW C 5 -C 12 ⁇ -olefin polymer:
- UHMW, Mw > 3-10 6 g/mol ultra high molecular weight non-crystalline C -C 30 ⁇ -olefin polymer
- UHMW C4-C 20 ⁇ -olefin polymer more preferably an UHMW C4-C 20 ⁇ -olefin polymer, and most preferably an UHMW C 5 -C 12 ⁇ -olefin polymer:
- Such polymers are e.g. used in WO 97/01582, herewith included by reference, which on page 5, lines 5-12, mentions poly- ⁇ -olefins having molecular weights as high as 10- 10 6
- the poly- ⁇ -olef ⁇ ns of the invention are easily selected by a skilled person. They may also easily be prepared, e.g. by the methods of Mack and Mack et al, herewith included by reference. See the examples in columns 11-18 of US 4,415,714, columns 7-10 of US 4,358,572 and column 4 of US 4,289,679, in which ⁇ -olefins are polymerized in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta system comprising titanium chloride, an electron donor, and an alkyl aluminium cocatalyst and the polymerization is stopped at below about 20% conversion. Such polymers are soluble in hydrocarbon fluids and act as drag reducing agents.
- Typical ⁇ -olefin homopolymers are polybutene-1, polyhexene-1, polyoctene-1, polydecene-1, polyhexadecene-1 and polyeicosene-1.
- Typical ⁇ -olefin copolymers are propene-dodecene-1 copolymer, butene-l-dodecene-1 copolymer, butene-1- decene-1 copolymer, hexene-l-dodecene-1 copolymer, octene-l-tetradecene-1 copolymer, butene-l-decene-l-dodecene-1 copolymer, propene-hexene-1-dodecene- 1 copolymer, etc.
- Preferred polymers are polyhexene-1, polyoctene-1, polydecene- 1, polydodecene-1, polytetradecene-1, propene-dodecene-1 copolymer, butene-1- decene-1 copolymer, butene-l-dodecene-1 copolymer and hexene-l-dodecene-1 copolymer.
- Especially preferred are polyhexene-1 and polyoctene-1.
- the claimed composition contains a natural fat or natural oil.
- a natural fat or natural oil Preferably, it contains a fatty oil.
- a fat or fatty oil which can be selected is a solid, semi-solid or liquid product of a plant or an animal, which chemically consists essentially of a mixture of glycerin esters of higher fatty acids which have an even number of carbon atoms (R ⁇ mpps Chemie-Lexicon, 7. Aufl. (1973), 2. Opera, 1101).
- Naturally, single glycerin esters and synthetic glycerin ester mixtures can also be selected for the invention.
- Corresponding synthetic fats or fatty oils are also within the claimed scope of protection.
- fats which may be used in the invention are lauric acid-myristic acid fats like coconut fat, palmitic acid fats like palm fat and stearic acid fats like cocoa butter.
- the fats only melt at temperatures between 24 and 47°C, so, for dispersion, injection and distribution into the hydrocarbon fluid, they have to be heated.
- fatty oils are preferred to the fats.
- Typical fatty oils are the palmitic acid oils such as palm oil the oleic acid-linoleic acid oils such as olive oil, the linolenic acid oils such as linseed oil, perilla oil and hemp oil, and the eruca acid oils such as rapeseed oil and mustard oil.
- Preferred oils are those based on or containing essential amounts of lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and/or myristic acid.
- oils are caybean oil, sun flower oil, lineseed oil, perilla oil, hemp oil, rapeseed oil and mustard oil, and the most preferable are lineseed oil and rapaseed oil.
- other oils such as tall oil, based on fatty acids and resin acids such as abietic acid, can be selected for the invention.
- For fats and oils which can be selected for the invention see also Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technischen Chemie, 3. Aufl., 7. Band, pages 477-482, herewith incorporated by reference.
- dispersion stabilising agents are dispersion agents such as emulsifiers and other anti- agglomeration agents.
- emulsifiers can easily be be selected which establish the right boundary layer activity between the polymer and the fat or fatty oil.
- emulsifiers are given by Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technischen Chemie, 3. Aufl., 6. Band, page 504-507, herewith incorporated by reference.
- Other useful anti-agglomeration agents can be selected from non-soap metal (e.g. Zn) salts of fatty acids.
- preferred emulsifiers are O/W oil/water type anionically active species such as soaps and a soap-like substances. Even more preferred are alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium soaps of fatty acids having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Most preferred are the alkali or alkaline earth metal soaps of the very fatty acid, on which the main component of the fat or fatty oil is based.
- Such a useful dispersion stabiUsing agent is e.g. the sodium salt of lineseed or rapeseed oil.
- the dispersion of the drag reducing composition of the invention contains, when a dispersion stabilising agent is present, 0.5 to 59.4% of component (a), 20 to 98% of component (b) and 0.1 to 50% of component (c), based on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c). See above.
- the amount in said dispersion of said polymer (a) is from 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 10 to 40% by weight, most preferably from about 20 to about 30% by weight, based on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
- the amount in said dispersion of said natural fat or natural oil (b) is preferably from 50 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 60 to 90% by weight, most preferably from 70 to 80% by weight, based on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
- the amount in said dispersion stabiUsing agent (c) is preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 5% by weight; most preferably from 2 to 3% by weight, based on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
- the claimed composition may also contain other components, which improve its properties.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a drag reducing agent composition.
- the preparation of useful drag reducing agent compositions has proved all but an easy task.
- the polymer particles tend to agglomerate, have low solubility, or either form too dilute or incompatible compositions. ⁇
- the dispersion may be formed merely by mechanical means, but it is preferable if a dispersion is formed from (a) said amount of said polymer, (b) said amount of said fat or fatty oil and from (c) the eartier mentioned 0.1-50% of the earlier mentioned additive, preferably dispersion stabilising agent, calculated on the combined weight of (a), (b) and (c).
- the polymer (a), fat or fatty oil (b), and dispersion stabiUsing agent (c) are essentially selected as described above in connection with the description of corresponding components (a), (b) and (c) for he claimed drag reducing agent composition. The same applies for the final amounts of said components. ,
- said polymer is provided in the form of a hydrocarbon gel.
- the gel may comprise from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from about 2 to about 10% by weight of said polymer, the rest being essentiaUy hydrocarbon, containing revidual monomer if present.
- the gel is formed when polymerizing an ⁇ -olefirihydrocarbon to a conversion, which is below 20%.
- the polymer gel Before or during contacting the polymer gel with the natural fat or natural oil, it is preferably disintegrated by feeding it through a disintegrating apparatus, preferably a flaker or the like, the size of the flakes or pellets preferably being between 0.1 and 6.0 mm, most preferably beteween 0.5 and 3.0 mm.
- a convenient flaker is a gear pump, whereby the gears cut off pieces which then come out in the form of said flakes or peUets.
- the gel is fed on the suction side of a circulation gear pump in an apparatus for the dispersion of the components, whereby said disintegration of the gel takes place simultameously with the dispersion thereof in said fat or oil (and dispersion stabiUsing agent).
- the claimed process may be carried out with or without precontacting the disintegrated gel with a fat or fatty oil.
- said polymer is at least once precontacted with and separated from a natural fat or natural oil before it is finally dispersed in said natural fat or natural oil.
- the precontacting fat or oil is the same fat or oil as the one in which the polymer is finally dispersed.
- the precontacting is advantageously carried out at room temperature, and the precontacting weight ratio between said polymer gel and said fat or oti is preferably between 1:0.5 and 1:10, most preferably between 1:2 and 1:4.
- the polymer is concentrated.
- concentration is preferably carried out by separating the polymer from the fat or oil gravimietrically or by centrifuging, with sieves, filters, cyclones, etc., most preferably by vacuum filtration, after which the polymer is dispersed in said fat or oil.
- the amounts are such as to achieve the above mentioned composition.
- the dispersion is preferably carried out by means of a dispersion mixer comprising a feed gear pump for feeding the polymer and a ciculation gear pump and return pipe for recirculation of the polymer/fat or fatty oil mixture.
- a typical temperature is 40-150°C, preferably 50- 100°C.
- a typical dispersion time is from 2 to 100 h, preferably from 10 to 50 h.
- unnecessary fat or fatty oil may be removed, preferably by sieving, most preferably by sieving with a 40-100 ⁇ m sieve.
- said dispersion stabilising agent is added. It is preferably added under stirring, more preferably under vigorous stirring, most preferably by means of a homogenization apparatus, e.g. one comprising a geared pump equipped with a check valve and recirculation. FinaUy, the formed mixture may be stirred for 0.5-10h, preferably for about 2 to about 6 h, e.g. by using a blade mixer at 50-200 rpm.
- said polymer is not precontacted, but contacted directly with a mixture of said fat or fatty oil and said dispersion stabiUsing agent. Then, the polymer is usuaUy dispersed in said fat or oil by mixing at elevated temperature, preferably at 40-150°C, more preferably at 50- 100°C, whereby, most preferably, the polymer is in the form of a gel. A final stirring may be carried out as at the end of the precontacting embodiment, see above.
- the dispersion stabiUsing agent is preferably a soap and has more preferably been prepared in situ by reacting said fat or fatty oil with a base of an alkati metal or an alkaline earth metal, most preferably by partiaUy saponifying the fat or fatty oil used as dispersion medium, thus forming a mixture of the fat or fatty oil and the dispersion stabilising agent.
- the invention also relates to a method for reducing the drag of hydrocarbon flowing.
- the method is characterized by the steps of:
- the drag reducing agent composition is fed in an amount of about 1-200 ppm, preferably 10-100 ppm, most preferably 20-80 ppm.
- the methods used for characterising the drag reducing agent compositions can crudely be subdivided into the physical properties (dry matter, viscosity) and the actual performance properties (DPT, DFT, Visko 50).
- the dry matter of a gel sample is determined by removing the gel solvent(s) by evaporating in a heating chamber.
- the gel hardly contains other solids, so, the dry matter gives the polymer content of the product.
- the dry matter of the gel is a remarkable physical property in so far as the performance reached at the site of use depends on the amount of polymer dissolved in the fluid, i.e. when feeding to the fluid equal masses or volumes of different products, most effective agent is fed with the product having the larges dry matter.
- the viscosity is the dynamic viscosity (cP) measured by a Brookfield viscometer using different shear rates (e.g. 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 rpm).
- the sample to be tested is fed to a solvent circulation system maintained by a gear pump.
- the outlet pressure By measuring the outlet pressure, the dissolution of the sample can be followed and thereafter the gradual disappearance of the drag reducing effect can be foUowed as the sample one time after another passes the pump.
- attention is especially paid to the percent DPT which is obtained as an integral by surnming up the differences between the reference pressure and the momentary pressures during the measurement.
- the drag reduction can be calculated using the following equation:
- % drag reduction (p 0 - Ps)/po x 100 wherein p 0 is the measured drop occuring when the test fluid without drag reducing agent was pumped through the test line, and p s is the measured pressure drop occuring when the test fluid containing the drag reducing agent was pumperd through the test line.
- DFT delta force vs. time
- the Visko 50 test is based on measuring the kinematic viscosity of the sample.
- a 50 ppm solution of the DRA is prepared, the viscosity of which is compared to the viscosity of pure solvent.
- the result of a Visko 50 test contains information about the solubility of the DRA as weU as its abitity to alter the viscoelastic properties of the hydrocarbon fluid.
- the DRA is considered the better, the larger the Visko 50 value is.
- the dispersion apparatus consisted of a cone bottomed vessel equipped with a heat jacket and a circulation stirrer.
- the cover of the vessel had a water-cooled column with a connection for the removal of distillate. It also had a separate cooler for the liquidification of effluent gases.
- a separate circulation gear pumpand a return pipe were connected to the bottom of the dispersion apparatus.
- Another separate feed gear pump was provided for the injection of the polymer gel into the fatty oil (and the dispersion stabilising agent).
- a vacuum pump was provided e.g. for filtration between and after the contacting stages.
- a homogenizating apparatus of the stator-rotor type was also used having a stepless speed rotation control.
- a gel was provided containing 5-10% (see each Example) of polymer.
- the gel was then added to a fatty oil (rapeseed oil was used in the examples), the weight ratio between said polymer gel and said fatty oil being between between 1:2 and 1:4 (see each Example).
- the contacting temperature was 20°C. After precontacting, the precontacting gel fatty oil mixture was transferred onto a vacuum sieve, where the polymer gel particles were separated from the fatty oil.
- the final amount of fresh fatty oil was added to the separated polymer gel particles in the dispersion apparatus.
- the amount of gel corresponded to a polymer (dry matter) to fat or fatty oil weight ratio of 1:3-1:9 (see each example). Thereafter, the gel/fatty oil mixture was mixed for 18 h at 70°C Intel
- Unseed fatty oil and a sodium salt thereof as dispersion stabiUsing agent are mixed together at room temperature.
- Unseed oil and a 50% NaOH solution are mixed together at about
- the temperature is regulated to about 60°C and the feed gear pump is started.
- Polymer gel is fed through the feed gear pump and out through a smaU nozzle into a circulated stream of said mixture of Unseed oil and a sodium salt thereof. Feeding takes place on the suction side of a circulation gear pump of the apparatus which then cuts the polymer gel into small pellets of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, which are easily dispersed in the hot mixture.
- the gel peUets are rapidly heated whereby the hydrocarbon gel solvent is removed by evaporation. The feed of gel is continued until the desired composition (see e.g. the claims) has been reached.
- the product is fina y homogenized by means of the above described laboratory homogenizator.
- the preparation of the dispersion was started by feeding 4.5 kg of ⁇ -olefin based polymer gel, the polymer content of which was 6.5% by weight into 11 kg of rapeseed oil at room temperature.
- the resulting gel/oil mixture was vacuum sieved and the treated gel particles were recovered for further treatment.
- To the polymer gel particles was added 1.8 kg of pure rapeseed oil and the resulting mixture was mixed for 18 h at 70°C. After the mixing, excess rapeseed oil was removed by an 88 ⁇ m sieve, and then, 30 g of a sodium salt of rapeseed oil was added as dispersion stabilising agent and the mixture was homogenized with a laboratory homogenizer. FinaUy, the dispersion was mixed with a blade stirrer for 4 h.
- the weight of the polymer/oil mixture after the vacuum filtration was 1.401 kg.
- the weight of the polymer/oil mixture after the mixing at 70°C was 1.192 kg.
- the polymer content of the final dispersion was 24.4%.
- the DPT value was 31.7%
- the DR value was 29.0%
- the Co value was 5.7
- the Visko 50 value was 0.234.
- the preparation of the dispersion was started by feeding 1.8 kg of ⁇ -olefin based polymer gel, the polymer content of which was 6.5% by weight into 5.5 kg of rapeseed oil at room temperature (20°C).
- the resulting gel/oil mixture was vacuum sieved and the treated gel particles were recovered for further treatment.
- To the polymer gel particles was added 0.9 kg of pure rapeseed oil and the resulting mixture was mixed for 18 h at 70°C. Simultaneously, the hydrocarbon present in the gel was removed by evaporation and recovered for reuse.
- rapeseed oil was removed by an 88 ⁇ m sieve, and then, 20 g of a sodium salt of rapeseed oil was added as dispersion stabiUsing agent and the mixture was homogenized for 5 rnin with a laboratory homogenizer. FinaUy, the dispersion was mixed with a blade stirrer for 4 h.
- the weight of the polymer/oil mixture after the vacuum sieving was 1.031 kg.
- the weight of the polymer/oil mixture after the mixing at 70°C was 0.5 kg.
- the polymer content of the final dispersion was 25.8%.
- the DPT value was 31.4%
- the DR value was 28.7%
- the C 0 value was 7.8, and the Visko 50 value was 0.152.
- the temperature was regulated to 60°C and a gear circulation pump was started.
- the circulation pump circulated the mixture from the vessel through a return pipe back to the vessel.
- a feeding gear pump was started and 18700 g of the drag reducing polymer gel was slowly fed by it through a 2 mm nozzle onto the suction side of the circulation pump.
- the circulation pump cut the fed polymer gel into 0.5-3 mm long pieces which were dispersed into the hot mixture of oil and stabiUsing agent.
- the dry matter of the homogenous dispersion was about 24%.
- the drag reducing properties were tested in a DPT apparatus, and the viscosity was measured from a 50 ppm solution.
- the DPT value was 34.5%
- the DR value was 25.5%
- the C 0 value was 7.2
- the visko 50 value was 0.159.
- the drag reducing polymer gel Necadd 547® was used in the preparation of the dispersion. In the polymerization of the polymer, only hexane was used as monomer, and no solvent.
- the mixture was transferred to a tank. Excess oil wqas removed from the mixture with a vacuum sieve, 200 g of stabilizer ES 2 was added and homogenization was carried out with a laboratory homogenizer (gear pump/check valve/recirculation, homogenizing time 5 min).
- the mixer was a 100 rpm paddle mixer.
- the weight of the polymer/oil mixture was 3.2 kg.
- the polymer content of the final disperiosn was 25%.
- the DPT was 32.3%, the DR was 25.0%, the C 0 was 8.0, the Visko 50 was 0.216, the particle size D 50 ⁇ 312, D 90 ⁇ m 594 and D 10 ⁇ m 86.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0110833-6A BR0110833B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | process for the preparation of a friction reducing agent composition and method for hydrocarbon fluid friction reduction. |
AU2001260362A AU2001260362B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition |
EA200201217A EA005628B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reduction composition |
AU6036201A AU6036201A (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition |
EP01934045A EP1285026B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition |
AT01934045T ATE257496T1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | FRICTION-REDUCING COMPOSITION |
MXPA02011225A MXPA02011225A (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition. |
DE60101737T DE60101737T2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | Friction-reduced composition |
DK01934045T DK1285026T3 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | Friction-reducing composition |
JP2001585245A JP5372308B2 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | Fluid resistance reducing composition |
CA2408737A CA2408737C (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition |
NO20025411A NO20025411L (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2002-11-12 | Flow reducing agent mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20001153 | 2000-05-15 | ||
FI20001153A FI117704B (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2000-05-15 | Process for producing a flow resistance decreasing composition and method for reducing the flow resistance of the piston flow |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001088031A1 true WO2001088031A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
Family
ID=8558388
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI2001/000461 WO2001088031A1 (en) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-05-14 | A drag reducing composition |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20020173569A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1285026B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5372308B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1429248A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE257496T1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU6036201A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0110833B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2408737C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60101737T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1285026T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA005628B1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI117704B (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA02011225A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20025411L (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001088031A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6649670B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-11-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Continuous neat polymerization and ambient grinding methods of polyolefin drag reducing agents |
US6894088B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2005-05-17 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Process for homogenizing polyolefin drag reducing agents |
US6946500B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-09-20 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Non-cryogenic process for grinding polyolefin drag reducing agents |
WO2007015165A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2007-02-08 | Nalco Company | Compositions comprising (poly) alpha olefins |
EP2853801A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-01 | M-I Finland Oy | Drag reducing agent composition, process for its preparation and method for reducing drag |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6516652B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2003-02-11 | Cortana Corporation | Design of viscoelastic coatings to reduce turbulent friction drag |
US6774094B2 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2004-08-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drag reduction using fatty acids |
AU2003225677A1 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-22 | Brad A. Bucher | Drag reducing compositions and methods of manufacture and use |
US7745500B2 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2010-06-29 | Advanced Gel Technology Limited | Method for reducing the viscosity of viscous fluids |
CN100475879C (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2009-04-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil-based dispersion method of drag-reducing polymer |
US7256224B2 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-08-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Stabilized polymer drag reducing agent slurries |
CN101074344B (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2010-09-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Friction-reducing agent for natural-gas transfer pipeline and its production |
US8342198B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2013-01-01 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Additive to improve flow, reduce power consumption and pressure drop in heavy oil pipelines |
US8865632B1 (en) | 2008-11-10 | 2014-10-21 | Cesi Chemical, Inc. | Drag-reducing copolymer compositions |
US8106114B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-01-31 | Beta Technologie Ag | Drag reducing agent and method of use |
EP2701669A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2014-03-05 | Serena Linley S.a.r.l. | Bar soap composition with enhanced sensory properties in soft and very soft water |
KR101885812B1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-08-07 | 인디언 오일 코퍼레이션 리미티드 | Process of preparation of drag reducing polymers and usage thereof |
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2000
- 2000-05-15 FI FI20001153A patent/FI117704B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2001
- 2001-05-14 AU AU6036201A patent/AU6036201A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-14 CN CN01809583.6A patent/CN1429248A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-14 WO PCT/FI2001/000461 patent/WO2001088031A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-14 DE DE60101737T patent/DE60101737T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-14 US US09/959,838 patent/US20020173569A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-14 AT AT01934045T patent/ATE257496T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-14 AU AU2001260362A patent/AU2001260362B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-14 MX MXPA02011225A patent/MXPA02011225A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-14 CA CA2408737A patent/CA2408737C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-14 EP EP01934045A patent/EP1285026B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-14 BR BRPI0110833-6A patent/BR0110833B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-14 DK DK01934045T patent/DK1285026T3/en active
- 2001-05-14 EA EA200201217A patent/EA005628B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-14 JP JP2001585245A patent/JP5372308B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-11-12 NO NO20025411A patent/NO20025411L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP0605857A1 (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-07-13 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Low sulfur mineral Diesel fuel oil |
WO1995000563A1 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-01-05 | Conoco Inc. | Solvent-free oil soluble drag reducing polymer suspension |
WO1995000558A1 (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-01-05 | Conoco Inc. | Drag reducers for flowing hydrocarbons |
WO1997001582A1 (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-01-16 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Low viscosity, high concentration drag reducing agent and method therefor |
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US6649670B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-11-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Continuous neat polymerization and ambient grinding methods of polyolefin drag reducing agents |
US6946500B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-09-20 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Non-cryogenic process for grinding polyolefin drag reducing agents |
US7119132B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2006-10-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Continuous neat polymerization and ambient grinding methods of polyolefin drag reducing agents |
US6894088B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2005-05-17 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Process for homogenizing polyolefin drag reducing agents |
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EP2853801A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-01 | M-I Finland Oy | Drag reducing agent composition, process for its preparation and method for reducing drag |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2003533576A (en) | 2003-11-11 |
FI20001153A (en) | 2001-11-16 |
EA005628B1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US20020173569A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
EP1285026B1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
EP1285026A1 (en) | 2003-02-26 |
DE60101737D1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
BR0110833A (en) | 2003-03-11 |
ATE257496T1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
NO20025411D0 (en) | 2002-11-12 |
DE60101737T2 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
FI117704B (en) | 2007-01-31 |
CA2408737C (en) | 2010-06-22 |
AU2001260362B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
DK1285026T3 (en) | 2004-05-17 |
MXPA02011225A (en) | 2003-03-10 |
JP5372308B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
EA200201217A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
BR0110833B1 (en) | 2010-11-16 |
NO20025411L (en) | 2003-01-14 |
CN1429248A (en) | 2003-07-09 |
AU6036201A (en) | 2001-11-26 |
CA2408737A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
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