WO2001051106A1 - Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood - Google Patents

Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001051106A1
WO2001051106A1 PCT/IB2001/000027 IB0100027W WO0151106A1 WO 2001051106 A1 WO2001051106 A1 WO 2001051106A1 IB 0100027 W IB0100027 W IB 0100027W WO 0151106 A1 WO0151106 A1 WO 0151106A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
blood
compartment
circuit
arterial
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/000027
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Renato Pedrazzi
Paolo Rovatti
Original Assignee
Hospal Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=11457239&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2001051106(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Hospal Ag filed Critical Hospal Ag
Priority to ES01900572T priority Critical patent/ES2247053T5/en
Priority to CA2366410A priority patent/CA2366410C/en
Priority to AT01900572T priority patent/ATE301482T1/en
Priority to US09/979,307 priority patent/US7147616B2/en
Priority to DE60112513T priority patent/DE60112513T3/en
Priority to AU25406/01A priority patent/AU776431B2/en
Priority to EP01900572A priority patent/EP1161271B2/en
Priority to JP2001551526A priority patent/JP4160754B2/en
Publication of WO2001051106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001051106A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
    • A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
    • A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
    • A61M1/3646—Expelling the residual body fluid after use, e.g. back to the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
    • A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
    • A61M1/365—Mode of operation through membranes, e.g. by inverted trans-membrane pressure [TMP]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3643—Priming, rinsing before or after use
    • A61M1/3644—Mode of operation
    • A61M1/3652—Mode of operation using gas, e.g. air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3351—Controlling upstream pump pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3355—Controlling downstream pump pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, at the end of a treatment session, when the blood contained in the circuit has almost been wholly returned to the patient who has undergone the treatment .
  • the invention is useful in any kind of treatment in which blood is continuously withdrawn from a patient, circulated and treated in a treatment device, and returned, once treated, to the patient.
  • Hemodialysis , hemofiltration, apheresi ⁇ and plasmapheresis are examples of such treatment.
  • a dialysis apparatus essentially comprises: a filter (dialyzer) having a first and a second compartments separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane;
  • an extracorporeal blood circuit having an arterial pipe connected to an inlet of the first compartment and a venous pipe connected to an outlet of the first compartment; a blood pump is arranged on the arterial pipe and a bubble trap is connected to the venous pipe; a dialysis liquid circuit, having a fresh dialysis liquid supply pipe connected to an inlet of the second compartment and a used liquid drain pipe connected to an outlet of the second compartment; a first pump is arranged on the supply pipe and a second pump is arranged in the drain pipe.
  • Each pipe of the extracorporeal blood circuit is fitted with a needle (respectively, arterial needle and venous needle) , by means of which the extracorporeal circuit is connected to the patient: just before starting the treatment, the arterial needle and the venous needle are inserted in the fistula of the patient (portion of a vein surgically connected to an artery) for respectively collecting the blood to be treated and returning the treated blood to the patient ' s cardiovascular system.
  • the blood of the patient and the dialysis liquid are respectively circulated in the first and the second compartments, generally in counterflow.
  • the blood pump is stopped, the arterial needle is disconnected from the fistula of the patient, and the arterial pipe is connected to a bag containing a physiological saline solution. Then the blood pump is run so that the saline solution pushes the blood present in the blood circuit and the blood is returned to the patient.
  • the blood pump is stopped and the arterial needle is disconnected from the fistula. Once disconnected from the dialysis liquid circuit, the dialyzer together with the arterial and venous pipes are discarded in a special container for contaminated waste since the residual blood contained in the blood circuit could be contaminated .
  • Another known method for ending a dialysis treatment consists in pumping air in the arterial pipe so as to push the blood contained in the dialyzer and blood circuit towards the venous needle and transfer the residual blood to the patient.
  • This method is however fairly dangerous since it entails the risk, if the transfer of the residual blood is not stopped in time, to pump air into the patient's cardiovascular system. In fact, this method is no longer used owing to the risks for the patient .
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for emptying a blood circuit which is hygienic, safe for the patient, and less costly than the known methods.
  • a method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, after interrupting a treatment session comprises the steps of:
  • the step of transferring the liquid into the second compartment comprises the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane of the blood treatment apparatus, the pressure being higher in the first compartment than in the second compartment, so as to cause the filtration of the liquid through the membrane from the first compartment to the second compartment .
  • the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane of the blood treatment apparatus comprises maintaining the pressure difference slightly below a predetermined maximum pressure difference.
  • the method further comprises the step of opening the closed loop circuit to the atmosphere when the pressure in the venous pipe reaches a predetermined low value .
  • This method has the advantages of reducing the weight of the contaminated waste and of eliminating the problems caused by the liquid leaking from the blood circuit after use and contaminating the environmen .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dialysis apparatus prepared for a dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of Figure 1 prepared for a second dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus of Figure 1 prepared for a further dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 represents a dialysis apparatus 1, which comprises :
  • dialyzer 4 having a first and a second compartments 5, 6 separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane 7,
  • a blood circuit 2 comprising: • an arterial pipe 8 having a first end connected to an inlet of the first compartment 5 and a second end fitted with a connector 11 for an arterial needle 28,
  • a venous pipe 9 having a first end connected to an outlet of the first compartment 5 and a second end fitted with a connector 12 for a venous needle 29,
  • dialysis liquid circuit 3 comprising:
  • the arterial pipe 8 is fitted with a blood pump 30 for circulating blood at a flow rate Qb and with a pressure sensor 19 for measuring the blood pressure Pba immediately upstream of the dialyzer 4.
  • the venous pipe 9 is fitted with a bubble trap 10, connected to a pressure sensor 17 for measuring the blood pressure Pbv downstream of the dialyzer 4.
  • the bubble trap 10 is also connected to a vent 16 the opening of which is controlled by a solenoid valve 18.
  • the dialysis liquid supply pipe 20 is fitted with a first pump 22 for circulating the dialysis liquid at a flow rate Qdi and with a pressure sensor 23 for measuring the pressure Pdi immediately upstream of the dialyzer 4.
  • the used liquid drain pipe 21 is fitted with a second pump 24 for circulating the used liquid at a flow rate Qdo and with a pressure sensor 25 for measuring the pressure Pdo immediately downstream of the dialyzer 4.
  • the control unit 26 is connected to a user interface (not represented) through which it receives instructions, such as various target flow rate values (blood flow rate Qb, dialysis liquid flow rate Qd and, where appropriate, infusion liquid flow rate Qi, treatment duration value T, and weight loss value WL) .
  • the control unit 26 furthermore receives information output by the measuring instruments of the system, namely the pressure sensors 17, 19, 23 25. On the basis of the instructions received and the operating modes and algorithms which have been programmed, it controls the active components of the system, such as the pumps 22, 24, 30 and the valve 18.
  • a branch pipe 14 having a connector 15 at the end thereof is connected to the arterial pipe 8 upstream of the blood pump 30.
  • a plug is mounted on the connector .
  • the dialysis apparatus of figure 1 operates in a conventional way: the blood circuit 2 is connected to the cardiovascular system of the patient P, the arterial needle 28 and the venous needle 29 being inserted in the fistula of the patient P.
  • the blood pump 30 is running, circulating blood in the blood circuit at a flow rate Qb.
  • the two pumps 22 and 24 arranged on the dialysis liquid circuit 3 are running, the used liquid pump 24 running at a higher speed than the fresh dialysis pump 25, so as to cause a difference in pressure between the first and second compartment 5, 6 ( transmembrane pressure TMP) , the pressure in the second compartment 6 of the dialyzer 4 being lower than the pressure in the first compartment 5.
  • TMP transmembrane pressure
  • the blood pump 30 is stopped for the time necessary for disconnecting the arterial pipe 8 from the patient P and for connecting it to a flexible bag 27 containing a sterile saline solution (the arterial pipe 8 connected to the bag 27 is shown in broken line) . Then the blood pump is run again and the blood contained in the blood circuit is pushed by the sterile solution towards the venous needle 29 and is returned to the patient P. When the cloudy interface between the blood and the solution reaches the end of the venous pipe 9, the blood pump 20 is stopped.
  • the venous pipe 9 in order to empty the blood circuit 9, which is then full of saline solution and residual blood, the venous pipe 9 is disconnected from the patient, the venous needle 29 is discarded and the end of the venous pipe 9 is connected to the branch pipe 14 by means of connectors 12 and 15, resulting in the blood circuit 2 being closed on itself (the venous pipe 9 connected to the branch pipe 14 is shown in broken line) .
  • the blood pump 30 is run again so as to circulate the saline solution in the closed loop circuit a ⁇ a moderate flow rate.
  • the two pumps 22 and 24 arranged on the dialysis circuit are then controlled by the control unit 26 so that the actual transmembrane pressure TMP in the dialyzer 4, as calculated from the signals Pdi , Pdo, Pba, Pbv, provided by the pressure sensors 23, 25, 19 17 to the control unit 26, is slightly below the maximum TMPmax for this type of dialyzer, which has been entered in the control unit 26 before the beginning of the treatment.
  • TMP transmembrane pressure
  • the liquid contained in the closed loop is transferred, by filtration through the membrane 7 from the first compartment 5 to the second compartment 6 of the dialyzer 4 and is then discarded through the drain pipe 21.
  • the flexible bag 27 is rapidly emptied and deflates until it collapses, while the pressure in the blood circuit 2 gradually diminishes.
  • Pmin a minimum threshold value (previously entered in the control unit 26)
  • the control unit 26 causes the opening of the valve 18 so as to establish communication between the closed loop circuit and the outside and equalize the pressure inside the compartment 5 with the atmospheric pressure.
  • the blood pump 30 is run so as to circulate the saline solution until the transfer of the solution through the membrane 7 is completed. Then all the pumps are stopped, the supply and drain pipes 20, 21 are disconnected from the dialyzer 4 and the dialyzer ⁇ , the arterial and venous pipe 8, 9 and the flexible bag 27 can be discarded.
  • Figure 2 represents a dialysis apparatus 1, which differs from the dialysis apparatus of figure 1 only in as much as it is designed to operate with only one needle 32 instead of two needles (so-called single needle system) .
  • the components of this dialysis apparatus which are specific to a single needle operation mode are: - a Y connecting pipe 31, the leg of which is connected to a needle 32, and the two arms of which are fitted with a connector for respective connection to the arterial pipe 8 and the venous pipe 9 ;
  • This single needle dialysis apparatus operates in a conventional manner, alternating blood withdrawal stages (arterial clamp 33 open, venous clamp 34 closed, arterial pump 30 running, venous pump 35 stopped) and blood returning stages (arterial clamp 33 closed, venous clamp 34 open, arterial pump 30 stopped, venous pump 35 running) .
  • both blood pumps 30, 35 are stopped for the time necessary for closing the arterial arm of the Y connecting pipe 31 with a clamp, for disconnecting the arterial line 8 from the Y connecting pipe 31 and for connecting the arterial pipe 8 to a bag 27 containing a sterile saline solution.
  • the two blood pumps 30, 35 are run together at the same speed until the cloudy interface between the saline solution and the blood reaches the vicinity of the end of the venous pipe 9, upon which the two blood pumps 30, 35 are stopped.
  • the venous pipe 9 is then disconnected from the Y connecting pipe 31 and is connected to the branch pipe 14 by means of connectors 12, 15.
  • the closed loop circuit is then emptied from its content as described above with respect to figure 1, both blood pumps 30, 35 being run at the same speed during this final stage.
  • the dialysis apparatus represented in figure 3 is the same as the dialysis apparatus of figure 1, except that it further comprises means 36 for infusing a sterile solution into the blood circuit 2, namely an infusion pipe 38 connecting a container 37 for a sterile solution to the bubble trap 10 and an infusion pump 35 for circulating the sterile solution at a flow rate Qi .
  • the dialysis treatment performed by the dialysis apparatus 1 represented in Figure 3 differs from the treatment described with reference to Figure 1 in that a given quantity of infusion liquid is infused into the cardiovascular system of the patient P.
  • the process for interrupting the treatment and subsequently emptying the blood circuit is the same as described above with respect to figure 1.
  • the solenoid valve 18 is replaced by a manually operated valve and, when the signal Pbv is less than the set value Pmin, the control unit 26 emits a visual and/or acoustic signal warning the operator that the valve must be opened.
  • the blood circuit 2 comprises an expansion chamber located between the branch pipe 14 and the arterial pipe 8.
  • the branch pipe 14 is connected to the bag 27 and it is closed by a clamp.
  • the arterial pipe 8 is closed by a clamp at the vicinity of the arterial connector 11 and the arterial needle 28 is disconnected from the fistula of the patient P.
  • the clamp is removed from the branch pipe 14 and the saline solution contained in the bag 27 can be circulated in the blood circuit.
  • the cloudy mixture of blood and saline solution reaches the vicinity of the venous needle 29, the venous needle 29 is disconnected from the fistula of the patient P, is then removed from the venous pipe 9 and the connector 12 fitting the venous pipe 9 is connected to the connector 11 fitting the arterial pipe 8 so as to close the blood circuit 2.

Abstract

A method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood after interrupting a treatment session, the apparatus comprising: a blood treatment device (4) having a first and a second compartment (5, 6) separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane (7), an arterial pipe (8) connected to an inlet of the first compartment (5), a venous pipe (9) connected to an outlet of the first compartment (5) and a second end, a used liquid circuit (6, 21) having a drain pipe (21) connected to an outlet of the second compartment (6), whereby the method comprises the steps of: closing on itself a blood circuit (2) comprising the arterial pipe (8), the first compartment (5) of the blood treatment apparatus (4) and the venous pipe (9) in order to form a closed loop circuit, after the arterial and venous pipes (8, 9) have been disconnected from the vascular system of the patient, the blood circuit containing a liquid, transferring the liquid contained in the closed loop circuit into the used liquid circuit (6, 21), and draining the liquid transferred into the used liquid circuit (6, 21) using the drain pipe (21).

Description

METHOD FOR EMPTYING A BLOOD CIRCUIT OF AN APPARATUS FOR THE EXTRACORPOREAL TREATMENT OF BLOOD
The present invention relates to a method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, at the end of a treatment session, when the blood contained in the circuit has almost been wholly returned to the patient who has undergone the treatment .
The invention is useful in any kind of treatment in which blood is continuously withdrawn from a patient, circulated and treated in a treatment device, and returned, once treated, to the patient. Hemodialysis , hemofiltration, apheresiε and plasmapheresis are examples of such treatment.
For the sake of clarity, the invention will be described hereunder in relation to a specific treatment, hemodialysis, to which however it is not limited as will readily appear to the persons skilled in the art. A dialysis apparatus essentially comprises: a filter (dialyzer) having a first and a second compartments separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane;
- an extracorporeal blood circuit, having an arterial pipe connected to an inlet of the first compartment and a venous pipe connected to an outlet of the first compartment; a blood pump is arranged on the arterial pipe and a bubble trap is connected to the venous pipe; a dialysis liquid circuit, having a fresh dialysis liquid supply pipe connected to an inlet of the second compartment and a used liquid drain pipe connected to an outlet of the second compartment; a first pump is arranged on the supply pipe and a second pump is arranged in the drain pipe. Each pipe of the extracorporeal blood circuit is fitted with a needle (respectively, arterial needle and venous needle) , by means of which the extracorporeal circuit is connected to the patient: just before starting the treatment, the arterial needle and the venous needle are inserted in the fistula of the patient (portion of a vein surgically connected to an artery) for respectively collecting the blood to be treated and returning the treated blood to the patient ' s cardiovascular system. In use, the blood of the patient and the dialysis liquid are respectively circulated in the first and the second compartments, generally in counterflow.
During a dialysis treatment, undesirable substances (byproducts of the metabolism, such as urea, creatinine, etc.) contained in the blood migrate across the semi permeable membrane from the blood compartment to the dialysis liquid compartment by diffusion (dialysis phenomenon, strictly speaking) and also generally by convection, a fraction of plasma water being usually filtered during the treatment so that the patient loses a few kilograms (so-called "weight loss") corresponding to an excess of water accumulated in the body between two treatment sessions .
At the end of a dialysis treatment, the blood pump is stopped, the arterial needle is disconnected from the fistula of the patient, and the arterial pipe is connected to a bag containing a physiological saline solution. Then the blood pump is run so that the saline solution pushes the blood present in the blood circuit and the blood is returned to the patient. When the cloudy interface between blood and the saline solution reaches the venous needle, the blood pump is stopped and the arterial needle is disconnected from the fistula. Once disconnected from the dialysis liquid circuit, the dialyzer together with the arterial and venous pipes are discarded in a special container for contaminated waste since the residual blood contained in the blood circuit could be contaminated .
This way of ending a dialysis session with discarding the dialyzer connected to blood circuit full of liquid has various drawbacks, in particular as far as hygiene and the cost of treatment are concerned. The venous pipe, even closed by a clamp, risks dripping and soiling, with blood, the dialysis apparatus and the room in which the apparatus is installed and therefore contaminating the environment. Moreover since the disposal of contaminated waste has an high cost per kilogram and the blood circuit is full of physiological saline solution and residual blood and is therefore heavy, the cost of disposal of a blood circuit is high and represents a significant portion of the overall cost of a dialysis treatment .
Another known method for ending a dialysis treatment consists in pumping air in the arterial pipe so as to push the blood contained in the dialyzer and blood circuit towards the venous needle and transfer the residual blood to the patient. This method is however fairly dangerous since it entails the risk, if the transfer of the residual blood is not stopped in time, to pump air into the patient's cardiovascular system. In fact, this method is no longer used owing to the risks for the patient .
The object of the present invention is to provide a method for emptying a blood circuit which is hygienic, safe for the patient, and less costly than the known methods. According to the invention, a method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, after interrupting a treatment session, comprises the steps of:
• closing on itself a blood circuit comprising the arterial pipe, the first compartment of the blood treatment apparatus and the venous pipe in order to form a closed loop circuit, after the arterial and venous pipes have been disconnected from the vascular system of the patient, the blood circuit containing a liquid, • transferring the liquid contained m the closed loop circuit into the used liquid circuit, and
• draining the liquid transferred into the used liquid circuit using the drain pipe.
According to a characteristic of the invention, the step of transferring the liquid into the second compartment comprises the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane of the blood treatment apparatus, the pressure being higher in the first compartment than in the second compartment, so as to cause the filtration of the liquid through the membrane from the first compartment to the second compartment . According to another characteristic of the invention, the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane of the blood treatment apparatus comprises maintaining the pressure difference slightly below a predetermined maximum pressure difference. According to the invention, the method further comprises the step of opening the closed loop circuit to the atmosphere when the pressure in the venous pipe reaches a predetermined low value .
This method has the advantages of reducing the weight of the contaminated waste and of eliminating the problems caused by the liquid leaking from the blood circuit after use and contaminating the environmen .
The invention will now be described in details. Reference will be made to the attached drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a dialysis apparatus prepared for a dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention;
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of Figure 1 prepared for a second dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention; and
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus of Figure 1 prepared for a further dialysis treatment procedure and a procedure for emptying the blood circuit in accordance with the method forming the subject of the present invention.
Figure 1 represents a dialysis apparatus 1, which comprises :
- a dialyzer 4 having a first and a second compartments 5, 6 separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane 7,
- a blood circuit 2 comprising: • an arterial pipe 8 having a first end connected to an inlet of the first compartment 5 and a second end fitted with a connector 11 for an arterial needle 28,
• a venous pipe 9 having a first end connected to an outlet of the first compartment 5 and a second end fitted with a connector 12 for a venous needle 29,
- a dialysis liquid circuit 3 comprising:
• a fresh dialysis liquid supply pipe 20 connected to an inlet of the second compartment 6, • a used liquid drain pipe 21 connected to an outlet of the second compartment 6,
- a control unit 26.
The arterial pipe 8 is fitted with a blood pump 30 for circulating blood at a flow rate Qb and with a pressure sensor 19 for measuring the blood pressure Pba immediately upstream of the dialyzer 4.
The venous pipe 9 is fitted with a bubble trap 10, connected to a pressure sensor 17 for measuring the blood pressure Pbv downstream of the dialyzer 4. The bubble trap 10 is also connected to a vent 16 the opening of which is controlled by a solenoid valve 18.
The dialysis liquid supply pipe 20 is fitted with a first pump 22 for circulating the dialysis liquid at a flow rate Qdi and with a pressure sensor 23 for measuring the pressure Pdi immediately upstream of the dialyzer 4.
The used liquid drain pipe 21 is fitted with a second pump 24 for circulating the used liquid at a flow rate Qdo and with a pressure sensor 25 for measuring the pressure Pdo immediately downstream of the dialyzer 4. The control unit 26 is connected to a user interface (not represented) through which it receives instructions, such as various target flow rate values (blood flow rate Qb, dialysis liquid flow rate Qd and, where appropriate, infusion liquid flow rate Qi, treatment duration value T, and weight loss value WL) . The control unit 26 furthermore receives information output by the measuring instruments of the system, namely the pressure sensors 17, 19, 23 25. On the basis of the instructions received and the operating modes and algorithms which have been programmed, it controls the active components of the system, such as the pumps 22, 24, 30 and the valve 18.
According to the invention, a branch pipe 14 having a connector 15 at the end thereof is connected to the arterial pipe 8 upstream of the blood pump 30. A plug is mounted on the connector .
During a treatment session, the dialysis apparatus of figure 1, operates in a conventional way: the blood circuit 2 is connected to the cardiovascular system of the patient P, the arterial needle 28 and the venous needle 29 being inserted in the fistula of the patient P. The blood pump 30 is running, circulating blood in the blood circuit at a flow rate Qb. The two pumps 22 and 24 arranged on the dialysis liquid circuit 3 are running, the used liquid pump 24 running at a higher speed than the fresh dialysis pump 25, so as to cause a difference in pressure between the first and second compartment 5, 6 ( transmembrane pressure TMP) , the pressure in the second compartment 6 of the dialyzer 4 being lower than the pressure in the first compartment 5. As a result thereof, plasma water is filtered through the membrane 7 from the first into the second compartment and the programmed weight loss is achieved at the end of the treatment .
In order to end the treatment, the blood pump 30 is stopped for the time necessary for disconnecting the arterial pipe 8 from the patient P and for connecting it to a flexible bag 27 containing a sterile saline solution (the arterial pipe 8 connected to the bag 27 is shown in broken line) . Then the blood pump is run again and the blood contained in the blood circuit is pushed by the sterile solution towards the venous needle 29 and is returned to the patient P. When the cloudy interface between the blood and the solution reaches the end of the venous pipe 9, the blood pump 20 is stopped.
According to the invention, in order to empty the blood circuit 9, which is then full of saline solution and residual blood, the venous pipe 9 is disconnected from the patient, the venous needle 29 is discarded and the end of the venous pipe 9 is connected to the branch pipe 14 by means of connectors 12 and 15, resulting in the blood circuit 2 being closed on itself (the venous pipe 9 connected to the branch pipe 14 is shown in broken line) . The blood pump 30 is run again so as to circulate the saline solution in the closed loop circuit a~ a moderate flow rate. The two pumps 22 and 24 arranged on the dialysis circuit are then controlled by the control unit 26 so that the actual transmembrane pressure TMP in the dialyzer 4, as calculated from the signals Pdi , Pdo, Pba, Pbv, provided by the pressure sensors 23, 25, 19 17 to the control unit 26, is slightly below the maximum TMPmax for this type of dialyzer, which has been entered in the control unit 26 before the beginning of the treatment. In this operating mode, either the upstream pump 22 is stopped and only the downstream pump 24 is run, or both pumps are run at substantially different speeds, the speed of the downstream pump 24 being faster that the speed of the upstream pump 22. As a result, the liquid contained in the closed loop is transferred, by filtration through the membrane 7 from the first compartment 5 to the second compartment 6 of the dialyzer 4 and is then discarded through the drain pipe 21. The flexible bag 27 is rapidly emptied and deflates until it collapses, while the pressure in the blood circuit 2 gradually diminishes. When the signal Pbv from the venous pressure sensor 17 becomes equal to a minimum threshold value Pmin (previously entered in the control unit 26), the control unit 26 causes the opening of the valve 18 so as to establish communication between the closed loop circuit and the outside and equalize the pressure inside the compartment 5 with the atmospheric pressure. The blood pump 30 is run so as to circulate the saline solution until the transfer of the solution through the membrane 7 is completed. Then all the pumps are stopped, the supply and drain pipes 20, 21 are disconnected from the dialyzer 4 and the dialyzer Ξ, the arterial and venous pipe 8, 9 and the flexible bag 27 can be discarded.
Figure 2 represents a dialysis apparatus 1, which differs from the dialysis apparatus of figure 1 only in as much as it is designed to operate with only one needle 32 instead of two needles (so-called single needle system) . The components of this dialysis apparatus which are specific to a single needle operation mode are: - a Y connecting pipe 31, the leg of which is connected to a needle 32, and the two arms of which are fitted with a connector for respective connection to the arterial pipe 8 and the venous pipe 9 ;
- a clamp 33 arranged on the arterial pipe 8 close to the end thereof fitted with the connector 11;
- a clamp 34 arranged on the venous pipe 9 close to the end thereof fitted with the connector 12;
- a second blood pump 35 arranged on the venous line.
This single needle dialysis apparatus operates in a conventional manner, alternating blood withdrawal stages (arterial clamp 33 open, venous clamp 34 closed, arterial pump 30 running, venous pump 35 stopped) and blood returning stages (arterial clamp 33 closed, venous clamp 34 open, arterial pump 30 stopped, venous pump 35 running) . When it is decided to interrupt the treatment, both blood pumps 30, 35 are stopped for the time necessary for closing the arterial arm of the Y connecting pipe 31 with a clamp, for disconnecting the arterial line 8 from the Y connecting pipe 31 and for connecting the arterial pipe 8 to a bag 27 containing a sterile saline solution. Then the two blood pumps 30, 35 are run together at the same speed until the cloudy interface between the saline solution and the blood reaches the vicinity of the end of the venous pipe 9, upon which the two blood pumps 30, 35 are stopped. The venous pipe 9 is then disconnected from the Y connecting pipe 31 and is connected to the branch pipe 14 by means of connectors 12, 15. The closed loop circuit is then emptied from its content as described above with respect to figure 1, both blood pumps 30, 35 being run at the same speed during this final stage. The dialysis apparatus represented in figure 3 is the same as the dialysis apparatus of figure 1, except that it further comprises means 36 for infusing a sterile solution into the blood circuit 2, namely an infusion pipe 38 connecting a container 37 for a sterile solution to the bubble trap 10 and an infusion pump 35 for circulating the sterile solution at a flow rate Qi . The dialysis treatment performed by the dialysis apparatus 1 represented in Figure 3 differs from the treatment described with reference to Figure 1 in that a given quantity of infusion liquid is infused into the cardiovascular system of the patient P. The process for interrupting the treatment and subsequently emptying the blood circuit is the same as described above with respect to figure 1.
According to a variant not shown, the solenoid valve 18 is replaced by a manually operated valve and, when the signal Pbv is less than the set value Pmin, the control unit 26 emits a visual and/or acoustic signal warning the operator that the valve must be opened.
According to a variant not shown, the blood circuit 2 comprises an expansion chamber located between the branch pipe 14 and the arterial pipe 8.
According to a further variant not shown, the branch pipe 14 is connected to the bag 27 and it is closed by a clamp. At the end of the dialysis treatment, the arterial pipe 8 is closed by a clamp at the vicinity of the arterial connector 11 and the arterial needle 28 is disconnected from the fistula of the patient P. Then, the clamp is removed from the branch pipe 14 and the saline solution contained in the bag 27 can be circulated in the blood circuit. When the cloudy mixture of blood and saline solution reaches the vicinity of the venous needle 29, the venous needle 29 is disconnected from the fistula of the patient P, is then removed from the venous pipe 9 and the connector 12 fitting the venous pipe 9 is connected to the connector 11 fitting the arterial pipe 8 so as to close the blood circuit 2.

Claims

1. Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood after interrupting a treatment session, the apparatus comprising: - a blood treatment device (4) having a first and a second compartments (5, 6) separated from one another by a semi permeable membrane (7),
- an arterial pipe (8) having a first end connected to an inlet of the first compartment (5) and a second end,
- a venous pipe (9) having a first end connected to an outlet of the first compartment (5) and a second end,
- connection means (28, 29; 32) for connecting the second end of the arterial pipe (8) and the second end of the venous pipe (9) to the vascular system of a patient,
- a used liquid circuit (6, 21) having a drain pipe (21) connected to an outlet of the second compartment (6) , the method comprising the steps of: • closing on itself a blood circuit (2) comprising the arterial pipe (8), the first compartment (5) of the blood treatment apparatus (4) and the venous pipe (9) in order to form a closed loop circuit, after the arterial and venous pipes (8, 9) have been disconnected from the vascular system of the patient, the blood circuit containing a liquid,
• transferring the liquid contained in the closed loop circuit into the used liquid circuit (6, 21) , and draining the liquid transferred into the used liquid circuit (6, 21) using the drain pipe (21) .
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of closing on itself the blood circuit consists in connecting the second end of the venous pipe (9) to the end of a branch pipe (14) connected to the arterial pipe (8) , the second end of the arterial pipe being further connected to a container (27) of saline solution.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of closing on itself the blood circuit consists in connecting the second end of the arterial pipe (8) to the second end of the venous pipe (9), the arterial pipe being further connected to a container (27) of saline solution.
4. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the step of transferring the liquid into the second compartment (6) comprises the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane (7) of the blood treatment apparatus (4), the pressure being higher in the first compartment (5; than in the second compartment (6), so as to cause the filtration of the liquid through the membrane (7) from the first compartment (5) to the second compartment (6).
5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the step of causing a pressure difference across the membrane (7) of the blood treatment apparatus (4) comprises maintaining the pressure difference slightly below a predetermined maximum pressure difference (TMPmax) .
6. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises the step of opening the closed loop circuit to the atmosphere when the pressure in the venous pipe (9) reaches a predetermined low value (Pmin; .
PCT/IB2001/000027 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood WO2001051106A1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES01900572T ES2247053T5 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Procedure for emptying a blood circuit from a device for extracorporeal blood treatment
CA2366410A CA2366410C (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood
AT01900572T ATE301482T1 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 METHOD FOR EMPTYING A BLOOD CIRCUIT IN AN EXTRACORPORAL BLOOD TREATMENT DEVICE
US09/979,307 US7147616B2 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood
DE60112513T DE60112513T3 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 METHOD FOR EMPTYING A BLOOD CIRCULATION IN A DEVICE FOR EXTRACORPORAL BLOOD TREATMENT
AU25406/01A AU776431B2 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood
EP01900572A EP1161271B2 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood
JP2001551526A JP4160754B2 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying the blood circuit of a device for extracorporeal treatment of blood

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000TO000025A IT1319785B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2000-01-12 EMPTYING METHOD OF A BLOOD CIRCUIT IN A DIDIALYSIS AND BLOOD CIRCUIT FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD.
ITTO2000A000025 2000-01-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001051106A1 true WO2001051106A1 (en) 2001-07-19

Family

ID=11457239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2001/000027 WO2001051106A1 (en) 2000-01-12 2001-01-12 Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7147616B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1161271B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4160754B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE301482T1 (en)
AU (1) AU776431B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2366410C (en)
DE (1) DE60112513T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2247053T5 (en)
IT (1) IT1319785B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001051106A1 (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10245619A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-25 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Blood return method for use with a dialysis machine in which the occurrence of a substitute liquid in the return line is precisely detected so that the volume of blood remaining in the line can be accurately returned
WO2004033001A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-22 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for returning blood from a blood treatment device, and device for carrying out this method
DE102006012087A1 (en) * 2006-03-14 2007-09-20 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for at least partially emptying an extracorporeal blood circulation and hemodialysis machine for use of the method
DE102006042120B3 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-04-03 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Blood treatment device and method for draining a blood tubing set of a blood treatment device
DE102009008346A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method of removing blood from an extracorporeal blood circuit for a treatment device after completion of a blood treatment session and apparatus for performing the same
EP2583701A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-24 D_MED Consulting AG Method for ending haemodialysis
DE102009054415B4 (en) * 2009-11-24 2014-11-20 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method for temporarily interrupting an extracorporeal blood treatment, control device and blood treatment device
US9713670B2 (en) 2009-11-24 2017-07-25 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for temporarily interrupting an extracorporeal blood treatment, control device and blood treatment apparatus
US10426882B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2019-10-01 Baxter International Inc. Blood rinseback system and method
US10610634B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2020-04-07 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
EP3269408B1 (en) 2015-03-10 2020-05-13 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification device
US10940252B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2021-03-09 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
EP3842085A1 (en) 2019-12-24 2021-06-30 Gambro Lundia AB Apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment
US11123463B2 (en) 2015-06-24 2021-09-21 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11278655B2 (en) 2016-01-25 2022-03-22 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11413387B2 (en) 2016-09-23 2022-08-16 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11690942B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2023-07-04 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus with a bypass line that bypasses an ultrafiltration pump

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060089586A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Kaus Stanley B Convertible extracorporeal blood perfusion systems
JP4798653B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2011-10-19 日機装株式会社 Blood purification equipment
US10537671B2 (en) 2006-04-14 2020-01-21 Deka Products Limited Partnership Automated control mechanisms in a hemodialysis apparatus
US8491184B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2013-07-23 Deka Products Limited Partnership Sensor apparatus systems, devices and methods
US8409441B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2013-04-02 Deka Products Limited Partnership Blood treatment systems and methods
KR101861192B1 (en) 2007-02-27 2018-05-28 데카 프로덕츠 리미티드 파트너쉽 Hemodialysis apparatus and methods
US10463774B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2019-11-05 Deka Products Limited Partnership Control systems and methods for blood or fluid handling medical devices
DE102007024463A1 (en) 2007-05-25 2008-11-27 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for checking the correct coupling of an adding device to a therapy device
US8728020B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2014-05-20 Gambro Lundia Ab Infusion apparatus
US10201647B2 (en) 2008-01-23 2019-02-12 Deka Products Limited Partnership Medical treatment system and methods using a plurality of fluid lines
KR101863753B1 (en) 2008-01-23 2018-06-04 데카 프로덕츠 리미티드 파트너쉽 Pump cassette and methods for use in medical treatment system using a plurality of fluid lines
CN101269246B (en) * 2008-05-05 2011-10-12 重庆山外山科技有限公司 Continuous blood cleaning equipment with replacement liquid purifier
JP5404458B2 (en) * 2010-02-08 2014-01-29 日機装株式会社 Blood purification apparatus and method for discharging liquid in blood circuit in blood purification apparatus
US9233237B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2016-01-12 New York University Apparatus and method for periodic fluid-delivery/fluid-removal cycles in the cranial subarachnoid space to treat cerebral cortical disorders
US9999717B2 (en) 2011-05-24 2018-06-19 Deka Products Limited Partnership Systems and methods for detecting vascular access disconnection
DE102011108785A1 (en) * 2011-07-29 2013-01-31 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method of removing fluid from a blood filter after completion of a blood treatment session and a treatment device for performing the same
JP5247864B2 (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-07-24 日機装株式会社 Blood purification equipment
DE102016107026A1 (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-19 B. Braun Avitum Ag Method for emptying an apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment
DE102016117725A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-22 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method for removing blood from an extracorporeal blood circulation after completion of a blood treatment session, control and regulation device and treatment device for performing the same
US10960119B2 (en) * 2017-05-03 2021-03-30 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for operating a blood treatment apparatus, control unit and treatment apparatus for executing the method
MX2019014058A (en) * 2017-05-23 2020-07-28 Cytosorbents Corp Method of treating traumatic brain injury.
EP3476414A1 (en) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-01 Gambro Lundia AB Dialysis machine and method
EP3972669A1 (en) * 2019-05-23 2022-03-30 Gambro Lundia AB Emptying a blood circuit after extracorporeal blood treatment
JP7228005B2 (en) 2021-06-14 2023-02-22 日機装株式会社 blood purifier
JP7292331B2 (en) 2021-06-14 2023-06-16 日機装株式会社 blood purifier
WO2023170680A1 (en) 2022-03-08 2023-09-14 Equashield Medical Ltd Fluid transfer station in a robotic pharmaceutical preparation system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990015631A1 (en) * 1989-06-20 1990-12-27 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Combined hemofiltration and hemodialysis system
EP0720856A2 (en) * 1992-03-13 1996-07-10 Medical Support Gmbh Device for on-line cleaning and filling of an extracorporal blood circuit of a dialysis apparatus
US5776091A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-07-07 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Technique for priming and recirculating fluid through a dialysis machine to prepare the machine for use
US5932103A (en) * 1995-02-13 1999-08-03 Aksys, Ltd. Withdrawal of priming fluid from extracorporeal circuit of hemodialysis machines or the like

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1209560B (en) * 1984-06-25 1989-08-30 Pierrel Hospital Spa CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR WASHING AND OPERATIONAL INTEGRATION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF CIRCUITS AND FILTERS FOR DIALYSIS.
DE3442744A1 (en) † 1984-11-23 1986-06-05 Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg Dialyser having a unit for the re-use of haemodialysers
US4695385A (en) * 1985-04-29 1987-09-22 Colorado Medical, Inc. Dialyzer reuse system
FR2647679B1 (en) * 1989-06-02 1991-08-23 Hospal Ind DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING ULTRAFILTRATION IN AN ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY
US5336165A (en) * 1991-08-21 1994-08-09 Twardowski Zbylut J Artificial kidney for frequent (daily) Hemodialysis
US5685835A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-11-11 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Technique for using a dialysis machine to disinfect a blood tubing set
US5772624A (en) * 1995-07-20 1998-06-30 Medisystems Technology Corporation Reusable blood lines
DE19704564A1 (en) † 1997-02-07 1998-08-13 Polaschegg Hans Dietrich Dr Flushing equipment for extracorporeal blood-treatment circuit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990015631A1 (en) * 1989-06-20 1990-12-27 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Combined hemofiltration and hemodialysis system
EP0720856A2 (en) * 1992-03-13 1996-07-10 Medical Support Gmbh Device for on-line cleaning and filling of an extracorporal blood circuit of a dialysis apparatus
US5932103A (en) * 1995-02-13 1999-08-03 Aksys, Ltd. Withdrawal of priming fluid from extracorporeal circuit of hemodialysis machines or the like
US5776091A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-07-07 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Technique for priming and recirculating fluid through a dialysis machine to prepare the machine for use

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10245619A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-25 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Blood return method for use with a dialysis machine in which the occurrence of a substitute liquid in the return line is precisely detected so that the volume of blood remaining in the line can be accurately returned
WO2004033001A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-22 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for returning blood from a blood treatment device, and device for carrying out this method
DE10245619B4 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-08-26 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for returning blood from a blood treatment device and device for carrying out the method
US7488301B2 (en) 2002-09-11 2009-02-10 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for returning blood from a blood treatment device, and device for carrying out this method
US11672897B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2023-06-13 Baxter International Inc. Blood rinseback system and method
US10426882B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2019-10-01 Baxter International Inc. Blood rinseback system and method
DE102006012087A1 (en) * 2006-03-14 2007-09-20 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for at least partially emptying an extracorporeal blood circulation and hemodialysis machine for use of the method
DE102006012087B4 (en) * 2006-03-14 2008-10-02 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for at least partially emptying an extracorporeal blood circulation and hemodialysis machine for use of the method
US7985196B2 (en) 2006-03-14 2011-07-26 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for at least partially draining an extracorporeal blood flow and haemodialysis device for use with said method
DE102006042120B3 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-04-03 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Blood treatment device and method for draining a blood tubing set of a blood treatment device
US8409127B2 (en) 2006-09-07 2013-04-02 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Blood processing device and method for purging a set of blood lines on a blood processing device
US8991414B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2015-03-31 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for removing blood from an extracorporeal blood circuit for a treatment apparatus following termination of a blood treatment session, and apparatus for performing said method
DE102009008346B4 (en) * 2009-02-11 2014-11-13 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method of removing blood from an extracorporeal blood circuit for a treatment device after completion of a blood treatment session and apparatus for performing the same
WO2010091841A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-19 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for withdrawing blood from an extracorporeal blood circulation for a treatment apparatus after completing a blood treatment session and apparatus for performing the same
DE102009008346A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method of removing blood from an extracorporeal blood circuit for a treatment device after completion of a blood treatment session and apparatus for performing the same
DE102009054415B4 (en) * 2009-11-24 2014-11-20 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh A method for temporarily interrupting an extracorporeal blood treatment, control device and blood treatment device
US9713670B2 (en) 2009-11-24 2017-07-25 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for temporarily interrupting an extracorporeal blood treatment, control device and blood treatment apparatus
US11918724B2 (en) 2009-11-24 2024-03-05 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Method for temporarily interrupting an extracorporeal blood treatment, control device and blood treatment apparatus
EP2583701A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-24 D_MED Consulting AG Method for ending haemodialysis
US10940252B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2021-03-09 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US10940253B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2021-03-09 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
EP3269407B1 (en) 2015-03-10 2022-09-21 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
EP3269408B1 (en) 2015-03-10 2020-05-13 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification device
US10610634B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2020-04-07 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11123463B2 (en) 2015-06-24 2021-09-21 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11278655B2 (en) 2016-01-25 2022-03-22 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
US11690942B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2023-07-04 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus with a bypass line that bypasses an ultrafiltration pump
US11413387B2 (en) 2016-09-23 2022-08-16 Nikkiso Company Limited Blood purification apparatus
EP3842085A1 (en) 2019-12-24 2021-06-30 Gambro Lundia AB Apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment
WO2021130154A1 (en) 2019-12-24 2021-07-01 Gambro Lundia Ab Apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1161271B1 (en) 2005-08-10
ES2247053T5 (en) 2013-05-21
JP2003519539A (en) 2003-06-24
AU2540601A (en) 2001-07-24
JP4160754B2 (en) 2008-10-08
DE60112513T3 (en) 2013-06-27
EP1161271A1 (en) 2001-12-12
US20030100857A1 (en) 2003-05-29
ATE301482T1 (en) 2005-08-15
EP1161271B2 (en) 2013-01-30
ES2247053T3 (en) 2006-03-01
US7147616B2 (en) 2006-12-12
IT1319785B1 (en) 2003-11-03
DE60112513T2 (en) 2006-05-18
ITTO20000025A1 (en) 2001-07-12
CA2366410A1 (en) 2001-07-19
AU776431B2 (en) 2004-09-09
DE60112513D1 (en) 2005-09-15
CA2366410C (en) 2010-08-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1161271B2 (en) Method for emptying a blood circuit of an apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood
US10653826B2 (en) Blood treatment air purging systems
EP0969887B1 (en) Hemofiltration system
CA2461552C (en) Method of operating a dialysis machine
EP1414543B1 (en) System for handling air and/or flushing fluids in a fluid circuit
JP2000107283A (en) Dialysis apparatus and washing priming method
US7935258B2 (en) Process and an apparatus for filling and/or rinsing an extracorporeal blood circuit
CA2276748A1 (en) Device and method for preparation of substitution solution
JP2000107284A (en) Dialysis apparatus and washing priming method
US20040267183A1 (en) Extracorporeal treatment device with automatic emptying of waste bag
EP2415491B1 (en) Extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus
KR20170028382A (en) Method for removing fluid from a blood filter after completing a blood treatment session by means of flow increase and treatment device for carrying out said method
CA2762300C (en) Method and system for providing priming and restitution liquids for an extracorporeal blood treatment
US5893382A (en) Method and device for flushing a membrane apparatus
EP3655057B1 (en) Apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood and method of priming an extracorporeal blood circuit
CN113905774A (en) Blood circuit after extracorporeal blood treatment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU CA JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 25406/01

Country of ref document: AU

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2001900572

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2366410

Country of ref document: CA

Ref country code: CA

Ref document number: 2366410

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 2001 551526

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2001900572

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 09979307

Country of ref document: US

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 2001900572

Country of ref document: EP