WO2001018897A1 - Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells - Google Patents
Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001018897A1 WO2001018897A1 PCT/CA2000/001007 CA0001007W WO0118897A1 WO 2001018897 A1 WO2001018897 A1 WO 2001018897A1 CA 0001007 W CA0001007 W CA 0001007W WO 0118897 A1 WO0118897 A1 WO 0118897A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- nickel
- cathode
- anode
- zinc
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
- H01M4/806—Nonwoven fibrous fabric containing only fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/283—Cells or batteries with two cup-shaped or cylindrical collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/78—Shapes other than plane or cylindrical, e.g. helical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to rechargeable nickel-zinc alkaline cells.
- Alkaline nickel-zinc cells in the form of plate cells are commonly known but have not achieved commercial importance to date, mainly due to the limited life of the zinc electrode. Deterioration of the zinc electrode is caused by a change in the shape of the electrode, the growth of zinc dendrites, and corrosion of the electrode.
- cells In order to reduce the solubility of zinc and, thereby reduce any shape change of the electrode, cells have been formed using electrolytes with low alkalinity and containing KF and K CO 3 and Ca (OH) 2 as anode additives.
- plate type sealed nickel-zinc cells dendrite formation is mostly eliminated since any dendrite produced is quickly oxidized by the oxygen present in the system.
- Ni-Zinc Batteries D. Linden (ed.), Handbook of Batteries, Chapter 29, McGraw-Hill, Inc., NY, 1995
- J. Jindra J. Power Sources, 66, 15 (1997)
- the contents of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.
- Ni-Zn cell system follows the following reaction:
- NiOOH + Zn + 2 H 2 O ⁇ > 2 Ni(OH) 2 + Zn(OH) 2
- Oxygen evolution has been found to occur at the end of a charge cycle (i.e. at a charge state of approximately 70-80%) and during overcharging of a cell (which is necessary for a better charge acceptance of the nickel electrode).
- oxygen can be directly recombined at the zinc electrode or an auxiliary electrode can be incorporated to enhance recombination.
- hydrogen evolution can also occur at the zinc electrode.
- a sufficient excess of ZnO has to be provided. In general a Zn:Ni ratio between about 2 and 3 should be established.
- Niobium-zinc cells different types of nickel electrodes are used: sintered, nonsintered and lightweight substrates. A description of such electrodes is provided in "Handbook of Batteries” (David Lindon (ed.), pg. 29.3), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Sintered nickel electrodes are prepared by sintering carbonyl nickel powder into a porous plaque containing a nickel screen and is then filled with active nickel hydroxide. Typically sintered nickel electrodes have a ratio of inactive to active nickel between 1 to 1.4 :1 providing excellent cycle life and stability, but with the disadvantage of being very heavy.
- Non-sintered nickel electrodes are made by kneading and calendering an electrode strip consisting of nickel hydroxide, graphite and plastic binder laminated on both sides of an appropriate current collector. Applying lightweight substrates based on a fiber structure filled with active electrode mass has the advantage of reducing electrode weight as well as material costs.
- Cylindrical cells with spirally rolled nickel electrode/separator/zinc electrode assemblies quite similar to Ni-Cd cells, have been tentatively produced by some manufacturers, but they suffered from serious short circuit troubles due to zinc dendrites growing during the charge cycles across the narrow (open) spiral distances between cathodes and anodes.
- the objectives of this invention are mainly to produce high current, high capacity, cylindrical consumer cells that could be hermetically sealed and showing an acceptable cycle life at deep discharge conditions.
- the present invention provides a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising: a generally cylindrical container having an interior surface and an exterior surface; a generally cylindrical cathode contacting the container, the cathode being coaxial with the container; a generally cylindrical anode contained within the cathode and being coaxial therewith; a separator for physically separating the anode and the cathode; and, an electrolyte for electrically contacting the anode and the cathode; wherein the anode comprises a zinc material, the cathode comprises a nickel material.
- the cathode material comprises a porous nickel material coated a with nickel hydroxide paste.
- Figure 1 shows a cut through a cylindrical AA-size Ni-Zn cell made according to this invention.
- Figure 2 shows a nickel electrode with two layers from the top and a three- dimensional view.
- Figure 3 shows multiple (three) sleeves of a nickel electrode from the top and a three- dimensional view.
- Figure 4 shows the discharge capacity of cell A75 and A79 with one nickel layer as a function of cycles.
- Figure 5 shows the discharge capacity of cell A71 and A86 with two-nickel layers as a function of cycles.
- Figure 6 shows the discharge capacity of cell A121 containing 2 % and cell A79 with 8.6 % Ni powder / T-210 as a function of cycles.
- Figure 7 shows the discharge capacity of cell A128 containing 2 % and cell A131 with 0 % Co extra- fine powder as a function of cycles.
- the invention is directed to fabrication of a rechargeable galvanic element with a positive nickel oxide electrode and a negative zinc electrode containing an alkaline electrolyte and a separator.
- the cathode consists of a nickel foam structure that is filled with a nickel hydroxide rich paste made of a polyvinylalcohol (PVA) slurry.
- PVA polyvinylalcohol
- the nickel hydroxide is suitably compressed or compacted into a sheet or tape of defined thickness, rolled up into one or more layers and inserted into a nickel-plated steel can.
- the nickel electrode is shaped into a very tight cylindrical cathode.
- the filled foam can be compressed into a multiple of sleeves which are inserted exactly the same, also forming a cylindrical cathode.
- Such nickel foam based cathodes are exhibiting an exceptionally low resistance and high efficiency leading to a sharp cut-off after the capacity is completely exhausted thereby establishing a cathode limited cell.
- the anode consists of zinc powder, zinc oxide and a gelling agent, such as for example, Carbopol.
- a gelling agent such as for example, Carbopol.
- the anode capacity is chosen as a multiple of the cathode capacity.
- the separator is preferably of the cellulose type. A brass nail located in the center of the cell builds the negative terminal. Other materials for the negative current collector will be apparent to persons skilled in the art.
- the cell is characterized by prevention of excessive swelling of the cathode due to the cylindrical design in contrast to plate cells. It is further distinguished by the use of special additives to improve recharging.
- the cathode is provided with hydrogen recombination catalysts for eliminating any hydrogen gas that may evolve.
- Such catalysts can comprise those used in mercury- free zinc anodes.
- a most preferred catalyst is silver (Ag).
- the silver catalyst may be provided in an amount of between about 0.1% to 0.3% (wt.) of the nickel hydroxide.
- Such Ag catalyst may be incorporated into the Ni foam in the form of a colloidal deposit by means of a spray coating process as known in the art.
- the electrolyte is preferably a solution of potassium hydroxide with lithium hydroxide as additive.
- the rechargeable nickel-zinc cells built according to the invention can be manufactured in all conventional cylindrical sizes (e.g. AAA, AA, C and D) but are not limited to these formats. Further the cells of the invention are hermetically sealed and can be used in all consumer electronic devices.
- the cathode is provided with nickel foil strips to assist the can of the cell in its capacity as a current collector.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings shows a cut through a cylindrical AA-size Ni-Zn cell embodying the present invention.
- the cell comprises a Ni-plated steel can 1 housing a porous nickel oxide cathode 2, a zinc anode 3 and a separator 8 as the main components of a rechargeable galvanic element.
- the cathode 2 may comprise one or several layers of a porous nickel substrate filled with nickel hydroxide, additives and a binder, and is separated from anode 3, which may comprise zinc powder, zinc oxide and gelling agent, by an electrolyte permeable separator 8.
- the electrolyte which may consist of aqueous potassium and lithium hydroxide, permeates the nickel cathode 2 and zinc anode 3 through separator 8.
- a current collector nail 7, that is connected to the negative cap 5 and embedded into the plastic top seal 4, is located in the center of the nickel-zinc cell. For safety reasons the plastic top seal 4 is provided with a safety vent break area 6.
- Figure 2 illustrates the embodiment of a nickel electrode made of two layers of a nickel foam, pasted with a mixture of nickel hydroxide, nickel powder, cobalt powder and a binder (PVA-solution), that is shaped into a very tight cylindrical arrangement.
- PVA-solution a binder
- the embodiment of Figure 3 differs from that of Figure 2 in that, three or multiple sleeves of a nickel foam prepare the nickel electrode filled with nickel hydroxide mixture.
- Separators according to a preferred embodiment of the invention comprise two overlapping layers of a laminated product comprising one piece of regenerated high purity cellulose bonded to a non-woven polyamide synthetic fiber.
- separators known in the art may also be used.
- the process of making the cells of the present invention comprises: 1) forming a sheet of Ni foam;
- separator bag forming a separator in the form of a cylindrical tube open at one end (referred to herein as "separator bag”); 4) placing the separator bag on a mandrel or other such support;
- the cathode preferably comprises a nickel foam coated with 8.6%
- the anode preferably comprises 59% zinc oxide, 10% zinc powder, 0.5% Carbopol, and 30.5%o KOH.
- the anode is preferably in the form of a gel paste.
- the preferred electrolyte is KOH/LiOH solution.
- the electrolyte comprises KOH in a concentration in the range of 6 to 9 M and LiOH dissolved in about 1% to the saturation point.
- the charging of the nickel-zinc cell made according to the preferred embodiment is done by a voltage limited charging circuit, constant current charging, or an electronically controlled overflow circuit bypassing excess current above 1.95 V.
- a cylindrical AA-size nickel zinc cell was fabricated which consisted of one positive nickel electrode layer and a negative zinc electrode assembled in an arrangement as shown in Figure 1.
- the nickel electrode was prepared by blending a mixture of 8.6 % of nickel T-210 powder (from Inco Technical Services Ltd., Missisauga, Ontario), 4.3 % of cobalt extra-fine powder (UNION MINIERE, INC. - Carolmet Cobalt Products, Laurinburg, N.C.), 30.0 % of PVA-solution (1.17 % PVA in water/ethanol) and 57.1 % of nickel hydroxide (from Inco Technical Services Ltd., Missisauga, Ontario). Some water was added to obtain a light suspension.
- the slurry was pasted into a nickel foam of 38 mm x 36 mm provided with a spotwelded nickel foil current collector (36 mm x 4 mm, 0.125 mm thick, 99.98 %, from Goodfellow Cambridge Ltd.,) at the longitudinal direction.
- the pasting procedure was carried out a few times on both sides of the nickel foam with a spatula to ensure that the slurry completely penetrates into the foam. Wet surplus material was removed from the foam surface.
- the nickel electrode was dried at 110°C for one hour.
- the zinc electrode was prepared by mixing up 59 % of zinc oxide (from Merck), 10 % of zinc / type 004F (from Union Miniere S.A., Overpelt, Belgium), 0.50 % of Carbopol 940 (from Nacan, Toronto) and 30.5 % of 7 M KOH to a gel paste.
- FIG. 4 shows the discharge capacity of each cycle of cylindrical AA- size nickel zinc cells A75 (Retec 80, 1.6 mm thick) and A79 (Inco, 2.7 mm thick) containing one layer of nickel electrode consisting of the above mentioned nickel foam types and a pasted zinc electrode as a function of cycle life.
- the results obtained show a stable discharge behavior for at least 100 cycles with a relatively flat discharge profile and a small capacity decline during cycling.
- the first few cycles are formation cycles that run under the cycling condition described above.
- Example 2 A cell was assembled as described above with the exception that the positive electrode was made of two nickel layers and the appropriate dimension of the nickel foam was 38 mm x
- Example 3 A cell, A121, was assembled as described in Example 1 except with a thinner Inco 2.2 mm nickel foam but of the same porosity as the 2.7 mm Inco foam and with 2 % of nickel T- 210 powder and 63.7 % of nickel hydroxide. The other components of nickel hydroxide slurry were the same as in Example 1. In this case, it was not necessary to add water to this light suspension that easy penetrates into the Inco foam, 2.2 mm thick.
- Example 2 Two cells were built as described in Example 1 but with 2% (A128) and 0 % (A131) of cobalt (Co) extra fine powder and with 59.4 % and 61.4 % of nickel hydroxide.
- the other components of nickel hydroxide slurry were the same as in Example 1 and Inco foam, 2.2 mm thick was used as the foam material.
- Figure 7 shows the discharge capacity of each cycle of cylindrical AA-size nickel zinc cell A128 and A131.
- the discharge capacity of cell A128 with 2 % cobalt is approximately 200 mAh higher than that of cell A131 containing 0 % cobalt since the addition of cobalt increases electronic conductivity of nickel electrode mass.
- the following table summarizes foam type and nickel cathode mass of both cells:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020027002602A KR20020053807A (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells |
CA002383739A CA2383739A1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells |
AU69747/00A AU6974700A (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells |
JP2001522616A JP2003526877A (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel zinc battery |
EP00958057A EP1218957A1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002281371A CA2281371A1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 1999-09-03 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cell |
CA2,281,371 | 1999-09-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001018897A1 true WO2001018897A1 (en) | 2001-03-15 |
Family
ID=4164080
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2000/001007 WO2001018897A1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-05 | Rechargeable nickel-zinc cells |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1218957A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003526877A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020053807A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1372703A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6974700A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2281371A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001018897A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003088381A2 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-23 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | High rate, thin film, bipolar, nickel zinc battery having oxygen recombination facility |
WO2005020353A2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-03-03 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
US6991875B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-01-31 | The Gillette Company | Alkaline battery including nickel oxyhydroxide cathode and zinc anode |
WO2006116496A2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-02 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Nickel zinc battery design |
US8048558B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2011-11-01 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Cylindrical nickel-zinc cell with negative can |
WO2012097457A1 (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Liu, Hao | Cylindrical shaped ion-exchange battery |
EP3284133A4 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-11-14 | INTEL Corporation | Randomly shaped three dimensional battery cell with shape conforming conductive covering |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4514588B2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2010-07-28 | ソニー株式会社 | AA alkaline batteries |
CN100373680C (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2008-03-05 | 河南环宇集团有限公司 | Dynamic column sealed Zn-Ni alkaline battery |
US11909077B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2024-02-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US9786944B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-10-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US8722226B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2014-05-13 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | High energy density redox flow device |
EP2514013B1 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2017-05-17 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
CN102306848A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-04 | 黄小鸿 | Formula for electrolyte solution of high-energy battery |
US9362583B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2016-06-07 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US8993159B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2015-03-31 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
CN106848407A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽桑瑞斯环保新材料有限公司 | A kind of alkaline battery electrolyte for rechargeable alkaline electrochemical cell |
CN113437369B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-06-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Nickel-zinc micro-battery based on reconstructed epitaxial phase and preparation method thereof |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4552821A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-11-12 | Duracell Inc. | Sealed nickel-zinc battery |
WO1989004070A1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-05 | Klaus Tomantschger | Catalytic recombination of evolved oxygen in galvanic cells |
US5043234A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1991-08-27 | Battery Technologies Inc. | Recombination of evolved oxygen in galvanic cells using transfer anode material |
EP0512565A2 (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1992-11-11 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Prismatic sealed alkaline storage battery with nickel hydroxide electrode |
EP0817299A2 (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1998-01-07 | Battery Technologies Inc. | Sealed rechargeable cell comprising a cathode with a hydrogen recombination catalyst |
WO1998034290A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-06 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Enclosed alkali storage battery |
JPH11167933A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Sealed alkaline zinc storage battery |
-
1999
- 1999-09-03 CA CA002281371A patent/CA2281371A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2000
- 2000-09-05 EP EP00958057A patent/EP1218957A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-05 CN CN00812398A patent/CN1372703A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-05 WO PCT/CA2000/001007 patent/WO2001018897A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-05 JP JP2001522616A patent/JP2003526877A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-05 AU AU69747/00A patent/AU6974700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-05 KR KR1020027002602A patent/KR20020053807A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4552821A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-11-12 | Duracell Inc. | Sealed nickel-zinc battery |
WO1989004070A1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-05 | Klaus Tomantschger | Catalytic recombination of evolved oxygen in galvanic cells |
US5043234A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1991-08-27 | Battery Technologies Inc. | Recombination of evolved oxygen in galvanic cells using transfer anode material |
EP0512565A2 (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1992-11-11 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Prismatic sealed alkaline storage battery with nickel hydroxide electrode |
EP0817299A2 (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1998-01-07 | Battery Technologies Inc. | Sealed rechargeable cell comprising a cathode with a hydrogen recombination catalyst |
WO1998034290A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-06 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Enclosed alkali storage battery |
EP0975036A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 2000-01-26 | SANYO ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. | Enclosed alkali storage battery |
JPH11167933A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Sealed alkaline zinc storage battery |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
DATABASE INSPEC [online] INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, STEVENAGE, GB; TAUCHER-MAUTNER W ET AL: "Rechargeable nickel-zinc batteries. (Small format-cylindrical sizes)", XP002159080, Database accession no. 6084198 * |
JINDRA J: "Progress in sealed Ni-Zn cells, 1991-1995", JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES,CH,ELSEVIER SEQUOIA S.A. LAUSANNE, vol. 66, no. 1-2, 1 May 1997 (1997-05-01), pages 15 - 25, XP004082297, ISSN: 0378-7753 * |
KORDESCH K ET AL: "THE RAM BATTERY TECHNOLOGY - A PROGRESS REPORT", PROGRESS IN BATTERIES AND SOLAR CELLS,US,JEC PRESS INC. CLEVELAND, vol. 12, 1993, pages 52 - 66, XP000542350 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 11 30 September 1999 (1999-09-30) * |
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON BATTERIES FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON BATTERIES FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES, PARIS, FRANCE, 31 AUG.-5 SEPT. 1997, 1997, Pennington, NJ, USA, Electrochem. Soc, USA, pages 710 - 716, ISBN: 1-56677-146-3 * |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003088381A2 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-23 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | High rate, thin film, bipolar, nickel zinc battery having oxygen recombination facility |
WO2003088381A3 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-03-04 | Powergenix Systems Inc | High rate, thin film, bipolar, nickel zinc battery having oxygen recombination facility |
US6991875B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-01-31 | The Gillette Company | Alkaline battery including nickel oxyhydroxide cathode and zinc anode |
WO2005020353A2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-03-03 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
WO2005020353A3 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-04-07 | Powergenix Systems | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
JP2007503100A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2007-02-15 | パワージェニックス システムズ, インコーポレーテッド | Manufacturing method of nickel zinc battery |
US7833663B2 (en) | 2003-08-18 | 2010-11-16 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing nickel zinc batteries |
WO2006116496A2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-02 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Nickel zinc battery design |
WO2006116496A3 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2007-01-04 | Powergenix Systems Inc | Nickel zinc battery design |
US8048558B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2011-11-01 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Cylindrical nickel-zinc cell with negative can |
WO2012097457A1 (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Liu, Hao | Cylindrical shaped ion-exchange battery |
EP3284133A4 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-11-14 | INTEL Corporation | Randomly shaped three dimensional battery cell with shape conforming conductive covering |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1372703A (en) | 2002-10-02 |
EP1218957A1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
CA2281371A1 (en) | 2001-03-03 |
KR20020053807A (en) | 2002-07-05 |
JP2003526877A (en) | 2003-09-09 |
AU6974700A (en) | 2001-04-10 |
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