WO2000059716A1 - Moldable composite article and method of manufacture - Google Patents
Moldable composite article and method of manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000059716A1 WO2000059716A1 PCT/US2000/005151 US0005151W WO0059716A1 WO 2000059716 A1 WO2000059716 A1 WO 2000059716A1 US 0005151 W US0005151 W US 0005151W WO 0059716 A1 WO0059716 A1 WO 0059716A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- layer
- formable
- article
- variable compression
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006379 extruded polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
- B60R13/0212—Roof or head liners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/738—Thermoformability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to a composite article and more specifically to a moldable nonwoven fibrous composite article.
- the inner surfaces of the two outer non-woven fabric layers adhere to the surfaces of extruded polypropylene by the heat generated in the extrusion process and the consequent molten state of adjacent surfaces that melt during the process. With all three layers containing the same polymer, namely polypropylene, eventual recycling of the articles is facilitated.
- the present invention as embodied and broadly described herein provides for a moldable non-woven fibrous composite material and method of manufacture.
- the non- woven fibrous composite in accordance with the present invention possesses at least two functional layers, all of which are made of the same non-woven thermoformable polymeric chemical substance or material.
- Suitable polymeric materials include polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polyurethane and polyester.
- the layers are made of a polyester. These composites may typically be used for but not limited to the manufacture of automobile headliners, trunk liners, passenger compartment components, luggage, furniture, sporting goods, and filtration products.
- the polymeric chemical substance selected is fabricated into two different fabrics having different mechanical and/or other physical properties.
- At least one fabric is a formable fabric, which upon final molding under heat and/or pressure, possesses a relatively high degree of strength and stiffness.
- the other fabric is a variable compression fabric (also described as a variable thickness fabric) which is capable of assuming variable thickness and density when subjected to molding under heat and/or pressure. In certain applications where the final article requires a uniform thickness and density, the variable compression fabric may also be used.
- variable compression fabric is the subject of U.S. Patent No. 5,532,050 which is incorporated herein by reference.
- another layer constituting a facing fabric can be applied to the outer surface of either of the layers for the purpose of enhancing the appearance of articles molded from the composite.
- the functional layers and the layer of facing fabric may be assembled into a composite capable of shipment to fabricators of finished, formable articles.
- the composite may be assembled by stacking the layers one upon the other and combining them together.
- composite includes any stack of successive layers whether or not cohesion between or among such layers has been enhanced by chemical and/or physical means.
- Cohesion of adjacent layers of the composite can be enhanced by such techniques as spray powder bonding, use of liquid dispersion/solutions, stitch bonding, flame lamination, use of an intermediate adhesive fabric between functional layers, and mechanical needlepunching, all of which are well known to those versed in the art.
- blends of selected fibers having predetermined melting temperature ranges are contained within either or both layers which effects the adhesion between the layers of the composite and stiffness of the final molded article.
- This mechanism of adhesion which takes place can be described as a "thermoplastic bonding" and is more fully described in U.S. Patent 5,456,976; col. 3, lines 36-50 which is incorporated herein by reference.
- a sheet of the composite is then set into a mold, formed with heat and/or pressure to take the shape of the mold cavity, and thereby forming the final article shape.
- Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the moldable fibrous composite according to an embodiment of the present invention showing its layered configuration.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a system for producing molded articles according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- articles are molded from separate rolls or sheets of variable compression and formable fabric layers, respectively.
- formable fabric (25 and 26) is dispensed from rolls (29 and 32, respectively)
- variable compression fabric (28) is dispensed from roll (31) and, optionally, facing fabric (27) from roll (30).
- These fabric layers are simultaneously fed from their respective rolls in a molding means having top (33) and bottom (34) portions, as depicted in Fig. 2.
- Automobile headliners are formed by passing the separate layers of variable compression and formable fabric, which contain binder fibers, through a compression mold having a cavity whose shape is the form of the headliner as a roll of the composite material is unrolled. To effect molding, the composite material is subjected to an elevated temperature for a predetermined time and then cooled in the mold.
- the binder fibers in the separate layers soften and/or melt and intermingle under heat and/or pressure and upon mold release the fibers will cool and harden and bond the layers together.
- layers of formable and variable compression fabric and, optionally a layer of facing fabric are formed into a composite prior to fabrication in an article.
- Fig. 1 illustrates the various layers which comprise a composite article according to the present invention.
- a composite article (1) comprising a layer of variable compression fabric (2) is sandwiched between formable fabric layer (5), having upper surface (6) and lower surface (7), and formable fabric layer (8), having upper surface (9) and lower surface (10), upper (14) and lower (11) adhesive layers are interposed between variable compression fabric layer (2) and formable fabric layers (5) and (8), respectively, such that the upper surface (3) of variable compression layer (2) abuts the lower surface (16) of adhesive layer (14) and the upper surface (15) of adhesive layer (14) abuts the lower surface (7) of formable fabric layer (5) and the upper surface (12) of adhesive layer (11) abuts the lower surface (4) of variable compression layer (2) and the lower surface (13)of adhesive layer (11) abuts the upper surface (9) of formable fabric layer (8), thereby enhancing contact and cohesion between formable
- the foregoing embodiment may be modified by applying the lower surface (19) of facing fabric layer (17) to the upper surface (6) of formable fabric layer (5) by means of adhesive layer (20) such that the lower surface (19) of facing fabric (17) abuts the upper surface (21) of adhesive layer (20) and the lower surface (22) of adhesive layer (20) abuts the upper surface (6) of formable fabric layer (5), thereby enhancing the appearance of the outer surface of the composite material and of articles molded therefrom.
- Automobile headliners or trunk liners can then be formed by passing the composite material through compression molding means, subjecting the composite material to elevated temperature and/or pressure for a time sufficient to have the composite material assume the shape of the mold's cavity.
- the basis weight for the formable or stiffening fabric should be from about 4 to 18 oz/yd 2 .
- a preferred range is from about 6 to 12 oz/yd 2 .
- a sheet of polyester variable compression fabric is sandwiched between two sheets of formable polyester in the form of a needlepunch felt, thereby forming a composite article.
- the needlepunch felt is produced by Knowlton Nonwovens, Inc. of Utica, New York. Cohesion between adjacent sheets is enhanced by mechanical needlepunching.
- the composite material is then rolled into storage rolls.
- a layer of decorative fabric, such as HOF AHMV8 printed stitchbond polyester or Foss needlepunch polyester, may be applied to an outer surface of one of the layers of the formable polyester fabric.
- enhanced cohesion between the facing fabric layer and a formable fabric layer may be effected by the interposition there between of an adhesive layer, while enhanced cohesion between a formable fabric layer and the variable thickness fabric layer may be effected by needlepunching.
- the composite material suitable for molding may be fabricated from a single layer of formable fabric and a layer of variable compression fabric.
- a facing fabric layer may be applied to the outer surface of either the formable fabric layer or the variable compression fabric layer.
- Cohesion between functional fabric layers may be enhanced by such mechanical means as needlepunching and/or by adhesive means such as spray power bonding, the use of liquid dispersion/solutions, flame lamination, and/or the interposition of an adhesive layer and combinations thereof.
- first and second stiffener layers are produced by the needlepunch process by first blending the selected fibers on standard textile blending equipment following by carding the fibers into a nonwoven web which is then cross-lapped to build a high loft multilayered batt which is subsequently needlepunched with about 1,000 pin needle penetrations.
- Example A moldable composite structure in which a layer of variable compression fabric is sandwiched between two layers or sheets of a formable (stiffener) fabric is made by the following technique.
- the layers of the three materials are as follows: First Stiffener 50% Fiber Innovation Technologies 3.5 denier X 2
- Second Stiffener same fibers, blend, and construction as above
- the vertical lap product variable compression fabric is produced on a Strudo machine produced by:
- the three polyester fibers including the one binder fiber, are blended together on standard textile fiber blending equipment and carded into a nonwoven web.
- the carded web is fed to the vertical lap Strudo machine to be folded back onto itself or pleated to produce a vertically folded product of given thickness.
- the thick product is passed through an oven which heats the product to at least about 150°C which softens or melts the binder fiber to allow it to thermally bond to the other fibers in the blend, thereby producing a lofty, thick 3-dimensional product.
- the process includes layering the fabrics into a composite, preheating the composite to about 400 °F for about 8 minutes, placing the composite into the mold, closing the mold to a 16mm gap for about 4 minutes, and opening and removing the molded article.
- the mold warm tool was preheated to about 300 °F.
- the operative range which provides for a suitable stiffness for the molded composite of the present invention is about 13 to 26 Newtons for the Offset Yield Load.
- the Yield Load at 1" for the present invention ranges from about 90 to 140%, and the Slope should be in the range of about 2.5 to 7.0 N/mm.
- the product of the present invention in a preferred embodiment, requires a high degree of stiffness to be suitable for use as an automotive headliner, with the term "high degree of stiffness" being defined by the flex test results disclosed in Table 1 and discussed above.
- a molded headliner requires a high degree of stiffness in order to support its own weight over its span, which can be up to 8 feet in a minivan, and the additional weight of the interior dome lights and sun visors, without bending and cracking over a broad range of temperatures from -40° to 185°F when exposed for up to three days as evaluated in a standard environmental resistance test for headliners.
- the product must not flex or bend to a failure point where it will crack the headliner, making it unable to bear the weight of the added headliner components.
- a failure crack in the headliner will show through the decorative fabric layer in the headliner, giving it an aesthetically unacceptable appearance for installation into an automobile.
- the product of the present invention will bend and then crack upon failure, making it unsuitable for use as an automotive headliner for the reasons stated.
- Low modulus products do not crack upon failure, and do not exhibit the stiffness required to bear the added component weight while in use, particularly in the environmental resistance test described above. Therefore, low modulus products are inherently unsuitable for use as automobile headliner.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002368738A CA2368738A1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture |
JP2000609253A JP2002540981A (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and manufacturing method |
BR0009554-0A BR0009554A (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Articles suitable for use in, molding on ceilings and ceiling, automobile ceiling |
KR1020017012737A KR20010108459A (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture |
MXPA01010157A MXPA01010157A (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture. |
EP00913664A EP1171291A4 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/286,916 US6008149A (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1999-04-06 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture |
US09/286,916 | 1999-04-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000059716A1 true WO2000059716A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
Family
ID=23100709
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/005151 WO2000059716A1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-02-29 | Moldable composite article and method of manufacture |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1171291A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002540981A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010108459A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1159150C (en) |
BR (1) | BR0009554A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2368738A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA01010157A (en) |
TW (1) | TW500665B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000059716A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004059063A2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-15 | Europlastica S.R.L. | Thermoplastic formed panel, intermediate panel for the fabrication thereof, and method for fabricating said panel and said intermediate panel |
RU2619711C2 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2017-05-17 | Сан Шян Текнолоджи Ко., Лтд. | Manufacture method of nonwoven composite laminated product with different hardness degree |
DE202021103471U1 (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-07-07 | Tenowo GmbH | Composite material based on non-woven fabrics |
EP4241979A1 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-13 | Carl Freudenberg KG | Sustainable nonwoven laminate for structural part applications |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2585026C2 (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2016-05-27 | Индустриалесуд С.П.А. | Article made from multilayer composite material and method for production thereof |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5132166A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1992-07-21 | Gates Formed-Fibre Products, Inc. | Semirigid luggage shell and method for its production |
US5532050A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1996-07-02 | Wm. T. Burnett & Co., Inc. | Densified thermo-bonded synthetic fiber batting |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60196332A (en) * | 1984-03-17 | 1985-10-04 | Ikeda Bussan Co Ltd | Manufacture of interior ornamental material for vehicle |
JP3351475B2 (en) * | 1992-10-03 | 2002-11-25 | ユニチカ株式会社 | Laminated plate and method of manufacturing the same |
JPH06199182A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1994-07-19 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Manufacture of automobile trunk side-trim |
US5591289A (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-01-07 | Davidson Textron Inc. | Method of making a fibrous headliner by compression molding |
WO1998030375A1 (en) * | 1997-01-08 | 1998-07-16 | Owens Corning | Molding media and process of making same |
US6096669A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2000-08-01 | Gkn Westland Aerospace Inc. | Unidirectional fiber-random mat preform |
-
2000
- 2000-02-29 KR KR1020017012737A patent/KR20010108459A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-29 WO PCT/US2000/005151 patent/WO2000059716A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-29 BR BR0009554-0A patent/BR0009554A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-29 JP JP2000609253A patent/JP2002540981A/en active Pending
- 2000-02-29 CA CA002368738A patent/CA2368738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-29 CN CNB008059616A patent/CN1159150C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-29 MX MXPA01010157A patent/MXPA01010157A/en unknown
- 2000-02-29 EP EP00913664A patent/EP1171291A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-15 TW TW089106316A patent/TW500665B/en active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5532050A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1996-07-02 | Wm. T. Burnett & Co., Inc. | Densified thermo-bonded synthetic fiber batting |
US5132166A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1992-07-21 | Gates Formed-Fibre Products, Inc. | Semirigid luggage shell and method for its production |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1171291A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004059063A2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-15 | Europlastica S.R.L. | Thermoplastic formed panel, intermediate panel for the fabrication thereof, and method for fabricating said panel and said intermediate panel |
WO2004059063A3 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-09-16 | Europlastica S R L | Thermoplastic formed panel, intermediate panel for the fabrication thereof, and method for fabricating said panel and said intermediate panel |
RU2619711C2 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2017-05-17 | Сан Шян Текнолоджи Ко., Лтд. | Manufacture method of nonwoven composite laminated product with different hardness degree |
DE202021103471U1 (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-07-07 | Tenowo GmbH | Composite material based on non-woven fabrics |
EP4241979A1 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-13 | Carl Freudenberg KG | Sustainable nonwoven laminate for structural part applications |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002540981A (en) | 2002-12-03 |
KR20010108459A (en) | 2001-12-07 |
EP1171291A1 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
CN1346308A (en) | 2002-04-24 |
CN1159150C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
EP1171291A4 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
TW500665B (en) | 2002-09-01 |
CA2368738A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
MXPA01010157A (en) | 2003-07-14 |
BR0009554A (en) | 2002-01-29 |
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