WO2000056088A1 - Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network - Google Patents
Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000056088A1 WO2000056088A1 PCT/FI2000/000206 FI0000206W WO0056088A1 WO 2000056088 A1 WO2000056088 A1 WO 2000056088A1 FI 0000206 W FI0000206 W FI 0000206W WO 0056088 A1 WO0056088 A1 WO 0056088A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
- H04L51/58—Message adaptation for wireless communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/40—Network security protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/1066—Session management
- H04L65/1101—Session protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/326—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the transport layer [OSI layer 4]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
Definitions
- the invention concerns generally the use of certain protocols and services for conveying certain types of information between the different nodes of a telecommunication network. Especially the invention concerns the transmission of multimedia-related information between a terminal of a cellular radio network and a node computer of a fixed packet-switched network.
- Multimedia is generally understood as the synchronized presentation of audiovisual objects to a user. It is typical to multimedia-related information that it may contain elements of highly different nature, like text, still images, simple graphical elements, video and sound.
- MMS Multimedia Messaging Service
- MMS should be applicable for conveying such messages to and from the terminals of packet-switched cellular radio networks such as GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and the packet-switched parts of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) in a store-and-forward manner much like the SMS (Short Messaging Service) text messages are conveyed in the second generation digital cellular networks, e.g. GSM (Global System for Mobile telecommunications).
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
- Fig. 1 illustrates some system aspects of a known proposal for arranging the transmission of MMS messages between two mobile te-rminals 101 and 102.
- each terminal is operating in a cellular telephone system of its own: terminal 101 is a UMTS te ⁇ ninal operating in a UMTS network 103 and terminal 102 is an enhanced GSM terminal operating in an enhanced GSM network 104. From both networks there is a connection to a GPRS network 105.
- the UMTS network 103 comprises a UTRAN or UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network 106 as well as a CN or Core Network 107.
- a BSS or Base Station Subsystem 108 and an MSC or a Mobile Switching Centre 109 are shown.
- the detailed structure of the network elements is unessential to the present invention, but it is known that for example a UTRAN consists of a number of Radio Network Subsystems, each of which in turn comprises a Radio Network Controller and a number of Node Bs roughly corresponding to base stations.
- a BSS in turn comprises a Base Station Controller and a number of Base Transceiver Stations operating under it.
- Various mixed-mode cellular telephone systems are possible; for example the BSS 108 might operate under the same CN as the UTRAN 106.
- the terminals could also be exactly similar terminals operating close to each other in a single cell.
- Fig. 1 there is a connection both from the UTRAN 106 and from the BSS 108 to a corresponding SGSN or Serving GPRS Support Node 110 and 111. Both of these are in turn coupled, through the GPRS trunk lines, to a GGSN or Gateway GPRS Support Node 112 which here also operates as an MMSC or a Multimedia Messaging Service Center.
- a terminal 101 may transmit an MMS message by identifying both the intended recipient's terminal 102 and the MMSC through which the message is to be transmitted (actually the latter may even be left out if there is a default MMSC for each terminal).
- a Packet Control Unit or a corresponding functionality in the UTRAN 106 takes the MMS transmission and routes it through the current SGSN 110 to the MMSC 112 which stores the MMS message and commences the attempts for delivering it to the intended recipient. If there is an existing connection to the recipient's te ⁇ ninal 102 the MMSC may deliver the message through the corresponding SGSN 111 and the BSS 108 to the terminal 102. If, however, the terminal 102 is temporarily shut off, out of coverage or otherwise unreachable, the MMSC retries the delivery at certain time intervals until either the message is successfully delivered or a timeout expires indicating that the message is obsolete and can be deleted undelivered. A positive or negative acknowledgement, depending on the success in delivery, may be returned to the transmitting te ⁇ ninal 101 if required.
- the objects of the invention are met by using the OSP or Octet Stream Protocol, known as such, to carry a data stream comprising the required multimedia-related information.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises the steps of - defining a multimedia messaging transport protocol layer as a certain layer above an octet stream protocol layer in certain first and second protocol stacks and
- the Octet Stream Protocol or OSP is a previously defined way in GPRS for carrying relatively unstructured information in the form of octet streams between a mobile terminal and a GGSN.
- An octet is a group of eight consecutive bits.
- PDP Type for OSP, and in the known protocol stacks related to GPRS the OPS entity is directly on top of the SNDCP (Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol) layer in the terminal and on top of the GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) in the GGSN.
- the MMS-TP protocol entity will be placed on top of the respective OSP entities in the terminal and the MMSC.
- a PDP Context activation procedure between a terminal and a MMSC is required to enable the transmission of MMS messages in the framework of OSP.
- the device that initiates the activation procedure transmits an Activate PDP Context Request that contains a set of parameters that are required to identify and define the desired PDP Context.
- the SGSN may need to select the appropriate GGSN on the basis of the parameters contained within the activation request and possibly using also previously stored information about the home location of the terminal. If the MMSC functionality is not implemented within a GGSN, a specific interface may be needed to define the transmission of information therebetween.
- MMS messages are conveyed as an octet stream by using either the octet mode, where the OSP protocol entity applies a packet assembly / disassembly function, or the block mode where no separate packet assembling or disassembling is performed.
- the invention has several advantageous features. Using OSP as the bearer for MMS makes it possible to minimize protocol overheads because OSP does not require a large amount of associated control information.
- the PDP Context used to convey MMS messages may be completely separated from all other PDP Contexts even without defining a new PDP Type, which makes it easy to define a separate charging scheme for MMS.
- No IP addresses or other addresses of an external network are required for the transmission of MMS messages, which decreases configuration efforts, bypasses dynamic address allocation procedures and saves the operators from assigning static external network addresses to all users wishing to use MMS. Only the terminal and the MMSC or GGSN must interpret the data travelling through a "transparent tunnel" between a terminal and a SGSN on one hand and between a SGSN and a GGSN on the other hand.
- Fig. 1 illustrates some known system aspects of packet-switched data transmission
- Fig. 2 illustrates an arrangement of protocol stacks according to the invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a method according to the invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of an Activate PDP Context Request used in association with the invention
- Fig. 5 illustrates schematically an arrangement according to the invention
- Fig. 6 summarizes some aspects of certain protocol layers according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 has been already discussed above within the description of prior art.
- Fig. 2 illustrates an advantageous arrangement of protocol stacks in a terminal or Mobile Station (MS), an Base Station Subsystem (BSS), a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) and a Multimedia Messaging Service Center (MMSC).
- MS Mobile Station
- BSS Base Station Subsystem
- SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
- MMSC Multimedia Messaging Service Center
- the terminal would be designated as the UE (User Equipment) and the BSS would be substituted by one of the network devices belonging to a UTRAN, e.g. a Node B or a Radio Network Controller.
- a UTRAN e.g. a Node B or a Radio Network Controller.
- Within the BSS or the UTRAN there may be a specific interface unit that takes care of all data traffic to and from such packet data networks that do not share the switching facilities (the core networks) with the cellular telephone systems.
- the protocol layers related to the application of the invention in the MS are, from bottom to top, Layer 1 201, Medium Access Control 202, Radio Link Control 203, Logical Link Control 204, Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol 205, Octet Stream Protocol 206 and Multimedia Messaging Service - Transport Protocol 207.
- Some sources refer to some of these layers as sublayers, which has no practical importance to the present invention.
- the "MS” is a general notation for the apparatus or arragement of apparatuses which are operative at a te ⁇ ninal end: one possible “MS” arrangement is a mobile telephone or other cellular network terminal coupled to a laptop computer, whereby for example the OSP protocol layer 206 may reside in the mobile telephone and the MMS-TP protocol layer 207 may reside in the laptop computer.
- the three lowest layers 211, 212 and 213 are the same and on top of them there is LLC Relay layer 214 for perfo-rming the required conversions between the left-hand and right-hand sides of the BSS.
- the three right- hand layers of the BSS are, from bottom to top, Layer 1 221, Frame Relay layer 222 and BSS GPRS Protocol layer 223.
- the three lowest left-hand side layers 231, 232 and 233 are same as on the right-hand side of the BSS, and above them is the Logical Link Control layer 234 which is the peer entity of the similarly named layer in the MS.
- the Layer 1 241, Layer 2 242 and Internet Protocol 243 layers are the Layer 1 241, Layer 2 242 and Internet Protocol 243 layers.
- the protocol layers of the MMSC are, from bottom to top, Layer 1 251, Layer 2 252, Internet Protocol 253, GPRS Tunneling Protocol 254, Octet Stream Protocol 255 and Multimedia Messaging Service - Transport Protocol 256.
- GGSN/MMSC end there may be a division of the protocol layers to those implemented within an actual GGSN (e.g. layers 251 to 255) and those implemented within a separate MMSC entity (e.g. layer 256).
- a mobile-originated procedure for enabling the exchange of MMS messages between a MS and a MMSC.
- the MS transmits an Activate PDP Context Request message in a way basically known as such.
- the MS needs to incorporate a certain set of parameters in the message. These parameters are schematically illustrated in Fig. 4 and they have the following meaning:
- the Network Service Access Point Identifier or NSAPI 401 is selected by the MS. NSAPI identifies the PDP context to be activated within the GPRS/UMTS network. For identifying the user the message comprises also the TLLI (Temporary Logical Link Identity) and IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) information elements (not shown in Fig. 4).
- the PDP Type 402 shall have a two-part value. The first part 402a shall identify the protocol as OSP, and the second part 402b shall identify the service being used and thereby allow the SGSN to select a GGSN (i.e. MMSC in this case) that can provide the service.
- the two-part value of the PDP Type field can be expressed as OSP MMS. This is a new OSP type that does not exist in the standards at the priority date of this patent application but introduced by this invention.
- the Access Point Name or APN 404 is selected by the MS.
- the selected APN identifies the GGSN and MMSC which the MS wants to use for this context.
- the actual APN to be used i.e. GGSN and MMSC to be used
- the actual APN to be used can be restricted by the operator by subscription.
- the HLR Home Location Register
- the MS may omit the APN from the Activate PDP Context Request message if the APN is configured in the HLR. Otherwise the user may include an APN in the message. If there is no APN in the message and no APN is configured in the HLR, the SGSN is free to choose any GGSN/MMSC for multimedia messaging context (If Dynamic Allocation in the visited network is allowed by the HLR record).
- the QoS Requested 405 (where QoS comes from Quality of Service) is selected by the MS.
- the requested service quality comprises a number of factors and their selection typically depends on the desired characteristics of the MMS-TP.
- class 2 is seen as the most advantageous, meaning RLC&LLC retransmissions as well as the use of UDP (User Datagram Protocol) at the GPRS backbone network.
- Bit rates can be negotiated to be anything without the invention limiting their negotiation.
- MMS message transmission is in general time- insensitive, so delay class should reflect that; long delays are allowed. Service precedence is most advantageously high if it indicates dropping precedence which results in few packet losses.
- the PDP Configuration Options field 406 can be used e.g. for informing the MMSC about certain capabilities of the MS, such as supported content-types etc.
- MS-MMSC configuration information can be included in this information element if these are not implemented into the MMS-TP protocol itself. If there are many choices for the MMS-TP protocol (either totally separate protocols or different versions of the same protocol), the PDP Configuration options can be used for mforming the MMSC which protocol(s) the MS supports on top of OSP.
- the BSS recognizes the Activate PDP Context Request message as concerning packet- switched services and consequently routes it to the cu ⁇ ent SGSN in a known way.
- the SGSN selects the GGSN based on the HLR records and/or the MS-provided APN string.
- the GGSN receives the message and recognizes from the context type that the new context is for MMS. If the MMSC functionality is not incorporated into the GGSN itself, the GGSN would additionally select an external MMSC element based on the APN in the context activation at step 304.
- a proprietary interface or some standard can in this case be provided between the GGSN and the MMSC.
- the GGSN/MMSC creates an association with the service attributes and the established tunnel (identified by TID consisting of the user's IMSI and the NSAPI value of the PDP context).
- the GGSN/MMSC After activating the service and possibly configuring some MMS-related parameters (e.g. according to the information delivered in the Protocol Configuration Options information element), the GGSN/MMSC sends at step 305 a PDP Context Activation Response message via the SGSN to the MS.
- the reception 306 of this message at the MS finalizes the context activation. No PDP address need to be assigned for the context, although such an assignment is not precluded by the invention.
- the activation of the PDP Context for transmitting MMS messages may also take place upon the initiative of the MMSC, for example in such a case where an MMS message has been stored for delivery to an MS which cu ⁇ ently does not have an active PDP Context with the MMSC.
- the MS is always the one to transmit the initial Activate PDP Context Request message, but it is possible for the MMSC to indicate to the MS through a simple signalling message that there is a stored MMS message waiting for delivery, so that it is left to the MS's discretion to choose the moment for activating the PDP Context by commencing the procedures illustrated in Fig. 3.
- an MMSC-originating PDP Context activation could be nearly identical to the MS-originating one described above, with the exception that the initial activation message and the response thereto would travel into opposite directions than above.
- the identification information in the former would then serve to identify a particular MS instead of a SGSN-GGSN/MMSC combination, whereby the routing of the message could involve the known inquiries to the location registers which store the current location information of the MS.
- the occu ⁇ ence of said fixed NSAPI in a packet would immediately indicate to all the devices taking part in the communication that the packet carries multimedia-related information, so especially the BSS and the SGSN could arrange its routing accordingly.
- the IMSI and the NSAPI together, as well as with possible other identification information of the packet, serve to identify the MS to which such a packet belongs.
- a specific APN entry would probably be required in each user's HLR records so that a SGSN would find the co ⁇ ect GGSN/MMSC for each user.
- Fig. 5 illustrates an arrangement according to the invention comprising a terminal or MS (or UE) 501, a BSS or UTRAN 502, a SGSN 503 and a combined GGSN/MMSC 504.
- the hardware of the terminal comprises a radio transceiver block 512, a decoding/demultiplexing block 513, an encoding/multiplexing block 514, a control block 515 and a user data part 516.
- the decoding/demultiplexing block 513 is a ⁇ anged to separate received signalling information from received user data and to direct the former into the control block 515; similarly the encoding/multiplexing block 514 is arranged to take signalling information from the control block 515 and to multiplex it for transmission with user data coming from the user data part 516. All other blocks operate under the supervision of the control block.
- the control connections are shown with thinner lines than the user data and signalling information connections.
- the MS protocol stack seen in greater detail in Fig. 2 is implemented within the control block 515 by programming the co ⁇ esponding operations into a memory in the form of machine-readable processing instructions. If the terminal a ⁇ angement comprises a number of separate functional entities, the control block may be understood to consist of the control functions distributed into the physical controlling entities of the separate devices.
- the MMSC is basically a large-capacity data storage 521 with a transmission unit 522 arranged to couple it to the trunk lines of the GPRS network (or a co ⁇ esponding packet data network) as well as a control unit 523 to control the setting up, maintaining and tearing down of connections.
- the MMSC protocol stack seen in greater detail in Fig. 2 is implemented within the control block 523 by programming the co ⁇ esponding operations into a memory in the form of machine- readable processing instructions.
- Fig. 6 summarizes the functions of the MMS-TP, OSP and lower protocol layers in all such protocol stacks where the MMS-TP and OSP layers are located.
- the MMS- TP protocol layer 601 is arranged to indicate to the OSP layer 602 the need for setting up a OSP:MMS type PDP Context with a first primitive 603; this primitive should contain at least the APN, QoS Requested and PDP Configuration Options information elements refe ⁇ ed to above.
- the OSP layer 602 is in general capable of indicating to the lower layers the need for setting up PDP Contexts, and especially capable of indicating with a setup request primitive 604 that a PDP Context of the OSP:MMS tyope should be requested.
- This second primitive 604 should contain at least the PDP Type, APN, QoS Requested and PDP Configuration Options information elements refe ⁇ ed to above.
- the lower layers are in general capable of informing the OPS layer 602 about the completed activation of the PDP Context with a third primitive 605, and the OPS layer 602 is in turn capable of forwarding the same information to the MMS-TP layer 601 in a fourth primitive 606.
- the MMS-TP layer 601 is arranged to exchange user data with the OSP layer according to the arrow 607, and the OSP layer is a ⁇ anged to transmit the user data to be transmitted further down in the protocol stack according to arrow 608 either in the octet mode or in the block mode.
- the former refers to the known use of a PAD or Packet Assembly / Disassembly function to assemble /disassemble a number of octets into / from a single packet for more effective transport by the underlying protocols.
- the block mode refers to the bypassing of the PAD function, whereby the MMS-TP layer 601 provides the message data to the OSP layer 602 in blocks of octets, and each block of octets is delivered as a single OSP PDU (Protocol Data Unit) to the underlying layers.
- OSP PDU Protocol Data Unit
- the block mode is regarded as more advantageous for use in association with the invention, because each MMS message could be handled as an independent block of octets between the MMS-TP layer 601 and the OSP layer 602.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00912693A EP1159837A1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network |
KR1020017011762A KR20020001774A (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network |
AU34354/00A AU3435400A (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network |
BR0009056-5A BR0009056A (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and device for transmitting multimedia-related information over a packet-switched cellular radio network |
JP2000605414A JP2002539728A (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia related information in a packet switched cellular wireless network |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI990586 | 1999-03-16 | ||
FI990586A FI107425B (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | Method and arrangement for transporting multimedia-related information in a cellular radio network |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000056088A1 true WO2000056088A1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FI2000/000206 WO2000056088A1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-15 | Method and arrangement for transmitting multimedia-related information in a packet-switched cellular radio network |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6600732B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1159837A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002539728A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020001774A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1350753A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3435400A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0009056A (en) |
FI (1) | FI107425B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000056088A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
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---|---|
KR20020001774A (en) | 2002-01-09 |
CN1350753A (en) | 2002-05-22 |
EP1159837A1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
JP2002539728A (en) | 2002-11-19 |
FI990586A0 (en) | 1999-03-16 |
AU3435400A (en) | 2000-10-04 |
FI107425B (en) | 2001-07-31 |
BR0009056A (en) | 2002-01-02 |
US6600732B1 (en) | 2003-07-29 |
FI990586A (en) | 2000-09-17 |
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