WO2000047373A1 - Robotic manipulator and method - Google Patents
Robotic manipulator and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000047373A1 WO2000047373A1 PCT/US2000/002661 US0002661W WO0047373A1 WO 2000047373 A1 WO2000047373 A1 WO 2000047373A1 US 0002661 W US0002661 W US 0002661W WO 0047373 A1 WO0047373 A1 WO 0047373A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- limb
- drive
- manipulator
- tube
- joint
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G11/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with two or more controlling members co-operating with one single controlled member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J17/00—Joints
- B25J17/02—Wrist joints
- B25J17/0283—Three-dimensional joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/06—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by multi-articulated arms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20305—Robotic arm
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20305—Robotic arm
- Y10T74/20317—Robotic arm including electric motor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
- Y10T74/20305—Robotic arm
- Y10T74/20329—Joint between elements
Definitions
- the present invention is related to robotic manipulators having a plurality of limbs connected by joints. More specifically, the present invention is related to robotic manipulators having a plurality of limbs connected by joints where the limbs comprise nested tubes.
- the present invention satisfies all of these constraints. It does this by using a novel drive mechanism, which transmits multiple degrees of freedom of movement through a series of N concentrically arranged hollow tubes. All mechanical movement from one stage is embodied in the relative rotation about a common central axis of these tubes, which can also provide mechanical support.
- the drive power of any given tube is either: used to rotate or bend the next stage, or transmitted to a system of concentric tubes that forms the next stage
- the present invention pertains to a robotic manipulator.
- the manipulator comprises an end.
- the manipulator comprises a drive limb comprising N concentrically nested tubes, where N is greater than or equal to 2 and is an integer.
- the limb has a top and a bottom and is connected to the end at the top of the limb.
- the manipulator comprises a drive mechanism connected with the drive limb at the drive limb's bottom to move the limb and the end.
- the present invention pertains to a method for moving a robotic manipulator.
- the method comprises the steps of rotating an outside concentric tube of a drive limb. Then there is the step of turning a support structure of a joint with the outside tube which contacts the support structure. Next there is the step of rotating a second limb with an axle which contacts the second limb and the support structure to cause the second limb to rotate about the gear.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a perspective view of the manipulator of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a perspective view of the manipulator of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is an exploded view of stage 1 and part of stage 2, demonstrating the two degrees of freedom effected by stage 1.
- the three images on the left are, respectively, these three components.
- the image on the right shows these components all assembled into the mechanism.
- Figure 4 shows a finger with six degrees of freedom.
- Figure 5 shows the same finger with 90° rotation for last two degrees of freedom.
- Figure 6 shows a close-up of the first joint, in neutral position.
- Figure 7 shows a close-up of the first joint, with rotation in second degree of freedom (bending of first joint) . Note the twisting in later joints, due to coupled rotation in later degrees of freedom.
- Figure 8 shows a close-up of first joint, with rotation in first degree of freedom (twisting at first joint) . Note the bending at first joint, due to coupling between the first and second degrees of freedom.
- Figure 9 is a schematic representation of a joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
- the manipulator 10 comprises an end 12.
- the manipulator 10 comprises a drive limb 14 comprising N concentrically nested tubes 16, where N is greater than or equal to 2 and is an integer.
- the limb has a top and a bottom and is connected to the end 12 at the top of the limb.
- the manipulator 10 comprises a drive mechanism 22 connected with the drive limb 14 at the drive limb's 14 bottom to move the limb and the end 12.
- each tube 16 of the limb that is nested in another tube 16 is longer than the tube 16 which surrounds it.
- the manipulator 10 preferably includes a first joint 24 having a top and a bottom. The joint's top is connected to the drive limb's 14 bottom.
- the manipulator 10 preferably includes a second limb 26 comprising N-2 concentrically arranged tubes 16.
- the second limb 26 has a top and a bottom. The top of the second limb 26 is in communication with the end 12, and the bottom of the second limb 26 is connected to the top of the joint.
- the drive limb 14 rotates or bends the second limb 26.
- the first joint 24 preferably comprises a plurality of gears 28 that contact the respective tubes 16 of the drive limb 14, except for the outermost tube 16 of the drive limb 14, and the respective tubes 16 of the second limb 26.
- each respective tube 16 of the drive limb 14 rotates, it causes its respective gear to rotate, which in turn drives the respective tube 16 of the second limb 26 to rotate.
- the first joint 24 has two degrees of freedom, the first degree of freedom being a twisting rotation and the second degree of freedom being a bending rotation.
- the two degrees of freedom are preferably driven by the two outermost tubes 16 of the drive limb 14.
- the manipulator 10 includes N/2 successive limbs 30, where N is greater than or equal to four, to the drive limb 14, and a total of N/2 joints 32, each having 2 degrees of freedom, connecting the successive limbs 30 to each other.
- Each joint preferably comprises a support structure, and an axle 34 mounted to the support structure.
- two successive limbs 30 form a set of limbs 30 and including a bearing disposed between each set of successive tubes 16.
- the drive mechanism 22 preferably includes N external driving motors 36, each connected to a corresponding tube 16 of the drive limb 14.
- the driving motors 36 are arranged statically at the bottom of the drive limb 14.
- the drive limb 14 preferably does not support the drive motors 36.
- the tubes 16 are hollow.
- the manipulator 10 preferably includes cables 38 disposed in and extending through the limbs 30 and connected to the end 12.
- the present invention pertains to a method for moving a robotic manipulator 10.
- the method comprises the steps of rotating an outside concentric tube 16 of a drive limb 14. Then there is the step of turning a support structure of a joint with the outside tube 16 which contacts the support structure. Next there is the step of rotating a second limb 26 with an axle 34 which contacts the second limb 26 and the support structure to cause the second limb 26 to rotate about the gear.
- the steps of rotating a nested concentric tube 16 surrounded by the outside tube 16 of the drive limb 14 there are the steps of rotating a nested concentric tube 16 surrounded by the outside tube 16 of the drive limb 14. Then there is the step of turning a gear with the nested tube 16 which contacts the gear. Next there is the step of rotating a nested concentric tube 16 of the second limb 26 with the gear which contacts the second nested tube 16 to cause the nested tube 16 to bend about the gear.
- the manipulator 10 consists of a sequence of joints 32 , connected to one another by limbs 30 each of which is a set of concentric tubes 16.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a perspective view of the manipulator 10 of the present invention.
- the pieces are:
- a set of external driving motors 36 • a set of limbs 30, ie : sets of concentric hollow rigid tubes 16, low friction bearings, one between each pair of successive limbs 30, at each joint, a support structure, mounted on each such support structure, an axle 34 at each joint, a set of no-backslip gears 28.
- a set of external driving motors 36 • a set of limbs 30, ie : sets of concentric hollow rigid tubes 16, low friction bearings, one between each pair of successive limbs 30, at each joint, a support structure, mounted on each such support structure, an axle 34 at each joint, a set of no-backslip gears 28.
- Each tube 16 that is nested inside another tube 16 is slightly longer than the tube 16 which surrounds it. This length difference creates a contact area between that nested tube 16 and its corresponding gear.
- the manipulator 10 contains N concentrically nested tubes 16, then the complete mechanism can consist of N/2 successive limbs 30, each of which can be rotated with 2 degrees of freedom.
- the outer tube 16 rotates the support structure, which in turn causes the axle 34 to rotate about the central axis of that limb. Every tube 16 other than the outer tube 16 drives one gear.
- the outermost nested tube 16 (ie: the tube 16 nested just inside the outermost tube 16) drives a gear which is rigidly connected to a sleeve that surrounds the next limb.
- this tube 16 rotates, it causes the gear to rotate, which forces the next limb to be rotated about the axle 34 at the joint.
- All other successively nested tubes 16 cause their corresponding gears 28 to rotate, which in turn drives the nested tubes 16 at the next joint to rotate.
- manipulator 10 The important aspects of the manipulator 10 from the user's point of view are:
- the links are extremely precisely controllable and backdrivable . That is, if force is applied to the end effector, that force is transmitted directly back to the motors 36. This is not the case with conventional gear links. This means that the finger can manipulate different materials (softer or harder) while applying differing amounts of pressure.
- the motors 36 can all be arranged statically at the base of the mechanism - the driving motors
- the mechanism is hollow. This allows various cables 38 and tubing to pass through the inside of the mechanism to the end effector, if desired.
- the effector has six degrees of freedom, comprised of three stages, each stage effecting two degrees of freedom. These degrees of freedom are labeled la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b, respectively.
- Each stage effects first a twist about the central axis, followed by a bend perpendicular to the central axis.
- the successive stages are jointed as nested tubes 16 of progressively smaller radius, lb being nestable inside la, 2a being nestable inside lb, and so forth. Where each such pair of tubes 16 join they are separated by a low friction rotationally sliding joint, as shown in figure 9.
- Each such joint can be implemented by a teflon coating, or by an annular ring ball bearing, or by any other standard mechanism for enabling nested tubes 16 to be supported while remaining free to rotate one within the other.
- Figure 2 is a view of the complete mechanism, coded as follows:
- Stage 1 effector for degree of freedom la • Stage 1, effector for degree of freedom lb
- Stage 2 effector for degree of freedom 2b
- Stage 3 effector for degree of freedom 3a
- Stage 3 effector for degree of freedom 3b
- Figure 3 is an exploded view of stage 1 and part of stage 2, demonstrating the two degrees of freedom effected by stage 1.
- the three images on the left are, respectively, these three components.
- the image on the right shows these components all assembled into the mechanism.
- Figure 4 shows a finger with six degrees of freedom.
- Figure 5 shows the same finger with 90° rotation for last two degrees of freedom.
- Figure 6 shows a close-up of the first joint 24, in neutral position.
- Figure 7 shows a close-up of the first joint 24, with rotation in second degree of freedom (bending of first joint 24). Note the twisting in later joints 32, due to coupled rotation in later degrees of freedom.
- Figure 8 shows a close-up of first joint 24, with rotation in first degree of freedom (twisting at first joint 24) . Note the bending at first joint 24, due to coupling between the first and second degrees of freedom.
- Figure 9 is a schematic representation of a joint.
- Each pair of concentric rotating drive shafts is separated by a low friction rotational bearing.
- One possible embodiment of this consists of two or more ring joints, each positioned at a different location along the common central axis of the two drive shafts.
- Each ring joint can be embodied as two parts:
- each ring joint can be embodied as a rotational ball bearing, consisting of an outer ring, and an inner ring, and also a set of rotating balls spaced at regular angular intervals in the circular region separating the two rings, each ball being in contact with both rings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00905924A EP1165293A4 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2000-02-02 | Robotic manipulator and method |
AU27520/00A AU2752000A (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2000-02-02 | Robotic manipulator and method |
JP2000598316A JP2002536196A (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2000-02-02 | Robot manipulator and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/248,500 US6263755B1 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Robotic manipulator and method |
US09/248,500 | 1999-02-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000047373A1 true WO2000047373A1 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
Family
ID=22939419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/002661 WO2000047373A1 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 2000-02-02 | Robotic manipulator and method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6263755B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1165293A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002536196A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2752000A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000047373A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7762156B2 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2010-07-27 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Cable-driven wrist mechanism for robot arms |
JP2006026806A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Harmonic Drive Syst Ind Co Ltd | Joint mechanism of robot hand or the like |
JP4414866B2 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2010-02-10 | 九州ナノテック光学株式会社 | UV exposure machine |
KR100870407B1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2008-11-25 | 한국원자력연구원 | Cable anti-twisting apparatus in a cable driven transmission device |
KR101457147B1 (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2014-11-03 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Humanoid robot and shoulder joint assembly thereof |
DE102009017581B4 (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2021-06-24 | Igus Gmbh | Multi-axis joint especially for robotics |
CN102198658A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Robot arm assembly |
WO2012127462A1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-27 | Human Extensions Ltd. | Motorized surgical instruments |
CN105563522A (en) * | 2016-02-06 | 2016-05-11 | 先驱智能机械(深圳)有限公司 | Mechanical arm |
CN105598999B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2018-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of ladder cam output type rotary joint driven using steel wire |
CN105583851B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-06-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | One kind utilizes steel wire drive conical disc output type rotary joint |
CN106826903B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Utilize the biconvex wheel disc output variable speed joint of steel wire drive |
CN106737829B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of steel wire bi-directional drive gear ratio output rotary joint |
JP6946247B2 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-10-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Holding mechanism, transfer device, and handling robot system |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE35584E (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1997-08-12 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
US5823061A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-10-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Industrial robot |
US5881604A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1999-03-16 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
US5901613A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1999-05-11 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Industrial robot |
US6047610A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-04-11 | Stocco; Leo J | Hybrid serial/parallel manipulator |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62102980A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1987-05-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Control system of master/slave manipulator |
US4828451A (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1989-05-09 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Industrial robot |
IT1211195B (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1989-10-12 | Bruno Bisiach | INDUSTRIAL ROBOT WITH MULTIPLE ARTICULATIONS WITH MULTI-DEGREE FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT |
US4911033A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-03-27 | Ross-Hime Designs, Incorporated | Robotic manipulator |
DE4105483A1 (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-08-29 | Kerpe Stefan Dipl Ing Fh | Robot arm planetary driving gear |
US5656905A (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1997-08-12 | Tsai; Lung-Wen | Multi-degree-of-freedom mechanisms for machine tools and the like |
US5816105A (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-10-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Three degree of freedom parallel mechanical linkage |
-
1999
- 1999-02-10 US US09/248,500 patent/US6263755B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-02-02 EP EP00905924A patent/EP1165293A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-02 WO PCT/US2000/002661 patent/WO2000047373A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-02 AU AU27520/00A patent/AU2752000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-02 JP JP2000598316A patent/JP2002536196A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE35584E (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1997-08-12 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
US5901613A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1999-05-11 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Industrial robot |
US5823061A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-10-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Industrial robot |
US5881604A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1999-03-16 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Industrial robot |
US6047610A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-04-11 | Stocco; Leo J | Hybrid serial/parallel manipulator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1165293A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1165293A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
AU2752000A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
EP1165293A4 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
JP2002536196A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
US6263755B1 (en) | 2001-07-24 |
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