WO2000046500A1 - Developpement de ressources recyclables et leur application dans le domaine de l'agriculture - Google Patents

Developpement de ressources recyclables et leur application dans le domaine de l'agriculture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000046500A1
WO2000046500A1 PCT/CN2000/000023 CN0000023W WO0046500A1 WO 2000046500 A1 WO2000046500 A1 WO 2000046500A1 CN 0000023 W CN0000023 W CN 0000023W WO 0046500 A1 WO0046500 A1 WO 0046500A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
cold
storage
heat
underground
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2000/000023
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Haiquan Li
Original Assignee
Haiquan Li
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN99113457A external-priority patent/CN1262030A/zh
Priority claimed from CN99108276A external-priority patent/CN1276505A/zh
Application filed by Haiquan Li filed Critical Haiquan Li
Priority to AU25321/00A priority Critical patent/AU2532100A/en
Priority to CN00803472A priority patent/CN1354822A/zh
Publication of WO2000046500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000046500A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0052—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using the ground body or aquifers as heat storage medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/30—Geothermal collectors using underground reservoirs for accumulating working fluids or intermediate fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T50/00—Geothermal systems 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the comprehensive development of renewable resources, and in particular to renewable resources such as natural cold and heat, ground temperature, poor day, low valley electricity, waste heat in industrial furnace exhaust, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, domestic waste, and crop straw
  • renewable resources such as natural cold and heat, ground temperature, poor day, low valley electricity, waste heat in industrial furnace exhaust, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, domestic waste, and crop straw
  • the invention also relates to the comprehensive application of the above resources in agricultural production.
  • the production method that is, there is currently no method applicable to the comprehensive development and utilization of industrial furnace exhaust resources in rural areas; the use of biogas fermentation and breeding of earthworms to treat domestic waste, human and animal manure, and crop straws is one of the most efficient conversion and utilization of organic matter.
  • This method can be divided into two categories: biogas and earthworm production using waste.
  • One is that farmers rely on natural hot and cold small-scale production. The ability to artificially control production factors is poor. Although the investment is small, the benefits are also poor.
  • the second is large-scale factory production. Although factory production can artificially control various production factors, on the one hand, it consumes limited energy, on the other hand, it has a large investment and high cost, and it is difficult to promote it on a large scale. It also lacks a utilization.
  • An object of the present invention is to use the function that underground soil or rocks can store a large amount of cold and heat, and build an extremely simple conversion device deep underground.
  • Through the secondary transfer function of the conversion device natural cold and heat, Industrial furnace waste heat and the use of cold or hot electricity produced by trough electricity are stored in deep underground soil or rocks for a long time;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive utilization of low-temperature electricity, domestic waste, crop straws, and waste heat, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen-rich resources in the exhaust of underground storage cold and heat devices and underground storage cold and heat sources. Development and utilization methods;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for developing underground fields by comprehensively using underground storage of cold and heat, ground temperature, and poor daily resources;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a dehumidification and temperature adjustment device and a method for dehumidification and temperature adjustment for agricultural protected area production applications;
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a facility and method for annular cultivation or water-flow cultivation for regulating and controlling the daily temperature difference and temperature cycle of underground fields;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation bed and application method capable of regulating temperature and oxygen of crop rhizosphere;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in protected field crops by utilizing the aforementioned renewable resources;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a series of plant cultivation methods that comprehensively utilize the aforementioned renewable resources and various production factor regulation technologies;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an edible fungus box planting device and a cultivation method
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for circulating water of edible fungi in underground fields by utilizing renewable resources;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for feeding water from animals in underground fields using renewable resources
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating a semi-finished product in a residential home using the aforementioned crop or edible fungi cultivation method
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an underground ice and snow amusement park technology using renewable resources and underground field circular crop cultivation;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an underground ice and snow park technology utilizing underground storage cold sources.
  • the renewable resource storage technology of the present invention utilizes the functional resources of underground soil and rocks that can store cold and heat, as well as heat insulation, to build a cold and heat transfer in the soil or rocks deep underground.
  • the conversion device, and then cold and hot energy sources such as winter cold energy, summer heat energy, anniversary solar energy and industrial waste heat, are stored in the soil or rocks in the deep underground and the medium material of the conversion device through the conversion device.
  • the deep soil can be stored in large quantities without the influence of the outside, and the layer of soil from the ground can play a good role in heat insulation, thus It can achieve the purpose of storing cold and heat in large quantities in deep underground soil or rocks. Further catalyze the efficient development of a series of resources such as poorly ground temperature resources, low valley electricity resources and waste heat, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in industrial furnace exhaust;
  • renewable resources of the present invention in agricultural production is to construct a basement underground.
  • various production factors of the basement can be artificially adjusted arbitrarily.
  • Renewable resources can not only open up new underground fields, but also artificially control various production factors, and can produce low-cost, high-quality agricultural products for the purpose of four seasons.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main hole of a conversion device in a long-period cold and hot storage according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mesh storage built in a mountain according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic soil dumping storage constructed in the earth mountain according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a basement of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dehumidification and temperature-regulating bed of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control heat exchanger 503 in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the longitudinal arrangement of the temperature-adjusting thin tubes in the tube of the temperature-adjusting heat exchanger 503 in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the plan of a circular circulation chamber of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of another circular circulation chamber according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a runway-type circulation chamber plane of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a large-cycle production of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of planting a sandy soil bed according to the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of soil cultivation in a plastic shed according to the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of planting fruit trees on a large sandy soil bed in the basement of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of edible mushroom box cultivation of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen-permeable vent plate at the bottom of the edible fungus cultivation box of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic layout of facilities of the underground ice and snow park of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a multi-story ice and snow park built in the mountain according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the fresh plant track car in the ice and snow park of the present invention in circulation display. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • the cold and heat conversion device in the underground cold storage or heat storage that is, a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main cave, where 101 is the main cave and the dielectric material in the main cave, 102 is the ventilation channel at the bottom of the main cave, 103 It is the partition between the dielectric material and the ventilation channel. 104 is a small hole around the main hole.
  • the construction method is as follows: Firstly, a long hole is dug in the deep underground, including the flat underground or deep inside the mountain, that is, the main hole, and one or more ventilation channels of different lengths are built at the bottom of the main hole, and the longest one is ventilated.
  • the road leads to the end of the main tunnel, and the ends of all ventilation tunnels communicate with the main tunnel, and the ventilation tunnel is covered with a layer of soil.
  • stratified holes are punched out at regular intervals at regular intervals in the direction of the length of the hole.
  • Plastic bags of water equal to the length of the hole and slightly smaller than the diameter of the hole are stored for storage. The space that the volume of water expansion increases during cold and hot is put into a small hole, or a medium material such as metal with good thermal conductivity is built in the small hole, or a length equal to the main hole and closed at the end can be provided in the main hole.
  • a main ventilation pipe designed for ventilation and heat exchange of small holes, and a small plastic hole with a smaller diameter is set in each small hole and communicates with the main ventilation pipe. Small holes can also be omitted when the main cave wall is rocky or to reduce investment.
  • the main hole is filled with dielectric material.
  • the dielectric material can be pebble or block stone, or it can be stacked vertically and horizontally in plastic bags packed with wet soil or wet sand. It can also be plastic pipes, plastic bags, ceramic pipes or other materials.
  • the container is filled with the phase change latent heat material and stacked in the main hole. No matter what kind of medium is used for stacking, a uniform ventilation gap must be left.
  • the natural cold energy storage method is: at night in winter, using natural cold air as a transmission medium, using a fan to send cold air from the ventilation duct to the end of the main cave, and then heat exchange through the gap between the medium materials in the main cave It is discharged from the main tunnel pipe, and ventilation is continued until the discharge temperature is the same as or similar to the input temperature, and the ventilation is stopped. At this time, the dielectric material in the cave is fully absorbing cold.
  • the dielectric material in the cave acts as a second medium to transfer heat and heat to the soil or rock on the wall of the cave. It will pass when the temperature of the medium material in the cave increases.
  • Cold air heat exchange so it can be ventilated and heat-exchanged into the cave many times at night, and it will stop heat exchange when the air temperature rises during the day.
  • the medium material has sufficient time to exchange cold and heat with the soil or rock of the cave wall.
  • the temperature in the cave decreases at night and the medium material temperature in the cave rises, it repeats the heat exchange like cold air before, so it is stored day by day throughout the winter.
  • Cold heat exchange can store a large number of cold sources in the deep soil or rock of the cave wall.
  • the medium material in the main hole can be quickly transferred to the medium material in the small hole after absorbing cold energy, and the medium material in the small hole functions as a three-pass medium after cold absorption and heat exchange. It can transfer cold and heat to deeper part of the cave wall, which can speed up the cold storage speed and increase the cold storage range.
  • a blower is also used to send cold air from the main pipe to the small hole. After the small hole is heat-exchanged, it is discharged to the main hole and then from the main hole pipe. Discharge, which can further increase the storage speed, increase the storage capacity, and expand the storage range.
  • the method of heat storage is the same as that of cold storage, except that a medium is hot air during the day or hot air collected at a higher temperature by a solar heat collector.
  • a medium is hot air during the day or hot air collected at a higher temperature by a solar heat collector.
  • both the existing solar heat collection device and the advantages of a wide rural area can be used to control a large pot bottom pit with a diameter of about 3 meters and a depth of about 1.3 meters.
  • the surface of the pit is tamped with 5-10% smoke-stained Sanqi gray soil to form a heat-absorbing surface with a thickness of 6-10 cm.
  • the ground around the ground pit is supported by bamboo arches according to the angle of solar heat collection, and the plastic film is cut according to the shape.
  • the heat collection pit can collect heat alone or in series, and can also collect heat in series in multiple groups in series.
  • the exhaust gas can be introduced into a heat collecting pit for circulating heat collection and heat storage.
  • a plastic arch shed can be added to each series group to perform heat insulation during non-heat collecting periods.
  • the phase change material with a melting point slightly lower than the temperature of the heat storage source can be used for heat storage into high temperature resistant metal, ceramic, concrete prefabricated or A groove or tube made of plastic is stacked in the first section of the main hole, and then a phase change material with a relatively lower melting point temperature is placed step by step, and a phase change material with a relatively lower melting point temperature is placed in the end section of the hole, and vice versa.
  • the heat source is fed in from the end with a high melting temperature and discharged from the end with a low melting temperature.
  • phase change materials with the same melting point temperature in the main hole of the heat storage, build multiple heat storage with phase change materials with different melting points, and then use multiple heat storage in accordance with the order of gradually lowering of the melting point temperature.
  • the pipelines are connected in series and are also sent in from the high melting point reservoir by the heat storage source and discharged from the low melting point reservoir, which can achieve the effect of storing the high temperature heat source at one time.
  • a single phase change material can also be provided in a main hole to store heat separately.
  • the phase change material used for cold storage is water. Adding salt to the water can reduce the freezing point, and the lowest can be -55 ° C.
  • a wind deflector is arranged at the head space at a certain distance along the length of the hole to prevent heat exchange air from passing through the head space when storing or taking out the cold source.
  • the setting method of salt water and fresh water with different freezing temperatures in the main cave is exactly the same as that of the heat storage.
  • Underground storages store non-natural cold and heat sources by: cooling equipment outside the cold storage, using low-cost power for cooling during low-peak electricity periods at night, and sending the refrigerated storage to the cold storage for storage.
  • cooling also generates heat energy, for example, when compressed air is cooled, the air volume is increased due to the reduction in air volume.
  • the heat source can be replaced and sent to a heat storage for storage.
  • the refrigerated source is sent to a cold storage for storage, so that the trough electricity can be converted into cold and heat energy and stored underground, and a cold source lower than the natural cold source can be prepared and stored, which is suitable for applications in each season and is more suitable.
  • the industrial bricks, bricks, limes, and other industrial furnaces are built together with the underground heat storage.
  • the industrial furnace After the industrial furnace is exhausted and dusted, it is sent to the underground heat storage with a heat fan for waste heat storage.
  • the first heat storage can be discharged after the heat is stored.
  • the still high temperature gas is sent to a second and third heat storage tank to store the waste heat until the waste heat is exhausted.
  • the trough electric refrigeration and industrial furnace waste heat can be stored in non-phase change material medium storage such as pebbles, and more suitable for cold storage or storage using phase change material as the medium.
  • Taking out the cold source from the head of the cave one by one can also reduce frost blockage in the cave.
  • the cold source can be replaced with a partition wall heat exchanger, and the cold air entering the cold storage can be circulated to change the cold. Avoiding outside air from entering the storage can fundamentally solve the frost blocking problem, while avoiding impurities and Miscellaneous bacteria enter the library.
  • the direction of taking out the heat source is the same as the method of taking out the cold source.
  • Cold storage and heat storage can be built on flat ground, or can be dug into the mountain from the foot of the mountain and built in the mountain. It can be built in Tushan or Stone Mountain, but the storage cost is the lowest. the best. Because a large number of cold or heat sources are stored in deep soil or rocks around the main cave, and a certain thickness of soil or rock is required for heat insulation outside the cold or heat storage soil or rocks, the storage room and the outside world The thickness of the soil (stone) between them is a very important reason for the storage effect. However, the thickness of the soil (rock) depends on two factors. One is the strength of the cold-source heat source. If the strength is large, it needs to be thickly covered, otherwise it can be relatively thinly covered. Second, investment factors.
  • underground is a general term for underground, mountainous and underground, namely, cultivar, soil or rock.
  • the outstanding characteristics of cold and hot underground storage of the present invention and the differences from the existing cold and hot underground storage are:
  • the main cold or heat source is stored in deep underground soil or rock, and the deep underground soil or rock is stored. It acts as a carrier of cold or hot, and the soil or rock from the shallow layer of the ground plays a role of insulation against natural cold and heat, that is, it uses both the storage of cold and hot underground soil or rock.
  • the storage function also makes use of its thermal insulation function with poor thermal conductivity.
  • the medium material in the main hole of the storage mainly plays the role of second or third heat transfer. The setting of the second and third medium materials can effectively overcome the poor thermal conductivity of soil or rock in addition to the conversion effect. Insufficient, so as to achieve the purpose of storing a large amount of cold or hot.
  • mesh storage is the construction of multiple storages as a whole, that is, the main holes of two adjacent storages are interconnected by densely-connected network channels. This further promotes the "three pass" function and further improves storage speed and efficiency.
  • 203 is an interconnecting network channel between the two main holes, that is, along the length of the hole, several interconnected holes are punched every few meters to the adjacent upper main hole.
  • the hole can have a small aperture and no medium is placed in the hole.
  • the hollow material can also be a solid hole with a relatively large pore size and a small material such as pebble inside the hole.
  • the function of adding a network hole is to use the principle of the difference in the specific gravity of air at different temperatures, that is, the principle that the cold air moves naturally and the hot air automatically rises for automatic heat exchange, thereby promoting the rapid storage of cold or heat sources to the soil between the two main holes. In or out, the problem of poor thermal conductivity of soil can be overcome to the greatest extent.
  • When storing cold first store the layers down from the highest place. When the temperature in the main cave decreases greatly, the hot air in the network below the main cave will automatically rise, and the cold air in the main cave will automatically descend.
  • the cold and heat are exchanged to achieve the purpose of quickly storing a large amount of cold to the deep soil between the two main holes.
  • the heat is taken from the bottom main hole for heat exchange. It can also quickly replace the cold source in the upper hole.
  • first store it layer by layer from the bottom to the top and when using heat, first take it layer by layer from the top to the bottom.
  • Another function of the net storage is that: When storing a heat source that is both high temperature and large in quantity, such as waste heat from an industrial furnace, the heat source can be sent in from the ventilation duct in the central main tunnel and discharged from the other main tunnel.
  • 204 is a network hole that is only applicable to the ground of the cold storage, and its role is:
  • the external cold air and the hot air in the cold storage can be convectively heat-exchanged for cold storage, or an exhaust fan is used. Extract air from the main hole at the bottom, outside cold air is sucked in from network channel 4 for horizontal heat exchange and cold storage, and it is sufficient to close network channel 4 when storing vertically.
  • the network channel 4 to the outside can be set or not set.
  • the mesh library can be formed into a pyramid shape. As shown in the figure, the main hole at the bottom is rebuilt and connected with the main hole above.
  • 206 is a rough outline of the soil function in the mountain body, that is, the soil within the dotted line plays a role of cold or hot storage, and the soil outside the dotted line plays a role of heat insulation.
  • the reticulated storage can also be built on flat ground in an overall rectangular arrangement.
  • the pavement or block stone is used to open up the main tunnel and ventilation channel as before.
  • Form a network cave then take soil backfill from the top of the mountain, compact it, build the cave backfill layer by layer, The uppermost layer and the thick soil at both ends of the ditch are covered.
  • the use of a gorge to build a network library is most suitable for China's loess high source.
  • a dam can be built in one fell swoop.
  • Industrial furnace waste heat is characterized by high temperature, large amount, and concentration; low-temperature electricity can be used to produce colder sources with lower temperature and large amount of concentration.
  • the aforementioned storage method that uses soil or rocks outside the main cave as the main cold and hot storage carrier is difficult to efficiently store a large amount of cold and heat in a short time.
  • the rapid storage is a strip-shaped main hole with a relatively large cross section built deep in the ground.
  • the side of the main hole may or may not be provided with a small hole.
  • the bottom of the hole is also provided with a ventilation channel and a soil barrier.
  • the medium material, the method of disposing the medium material, and the cold and heat storage methods are the same as those of the long-term storage using the phase change latent heat material as the medium, and the rapid storage is mainly based on the storage of the medium in the cave, supplemented by soil and stone storage in the cave. Since the quick storage is a quick storage and a short cycle of cyclic storage in and out, the covering thickness between the main hole and the outside can be relatively thin.
  • the quick storage library is mainly used in the development of comprehensive industrial furnace resources and low-level electricity resources.
  • FIG. 3 first select a good mountain with good soil quality and excavate a trench at the foot of the mountain. From the bottom of the trench, you can excavate a main hole into the mountain at an angle that can automatically discharge soil. The slope and reduce the friction of the soil, when the hole is dug, a layer of agricultural thick plastic film can be laid on the bottom of the hole.
  • the main hole may not be dug out of the ground, such as the solid line segment shown at 301, or the dotted line segment shown at 302 may be dug out of the ground.
  • the bottom of the cave is also provided with a ventilation channel and a soil layer.
  • the bottom of the main hole is made into a wide step shape, and a plastic bag is used to stack water or wet soil in a square shape on the step surface.
  • steps can be set and the plastic bag medium can be stacked in the same way, or there can be no steps from the high end of the main hole to the hole filled with pebble or plastic bags filled with wet soil.
  • the ventilation channel at the main entrance and the two ports of the main entrance are piped out and backfill the thick soil at the entrance.
  • the ground pipe leading from the high end of the main tunnel can either be upright on the spot, or a deep trench can be dug down the hillside to the top of the mountain, and the trench can be backfilled after the buried trench is led to a higher level.
  • Valves are set at the port of the pipeline.
  • the method of cold and hot storage and removal is the same as the natural cold and hot storage method of the long-term storage.
  • the most prominent feature of this model storage is that the investment cost is extremely low, and it is most suitable for storing natural cold and heat in the storage on the Loess Plateau in China.
  • a long section with large cross section and large volume is built deep in the underground. Ventilation channels are set in the cave to lead to the bottom of the cave. Multiple thermal insulation doors are set at the entrance of the cave.
  • Temporary bed frames are evenly arranged in the cave. Plastic water bags are placed on the shelf. When it arrives at night in winter, cold air is exchanged into the cave for heat exchange and storage, and it is stored in the soil or rock of the cave wall day after day under the "second pass" of the plastic water bag. Withdraw the bed frame and store natural ice or snow in the cave. You can also spray water or inject water into the cave while storing cold in the cave wall, and freeze the ice layer by layer in the cave while passing cold wind. Cover the outer door of the cave with soil insulation if necessary.
  • the dormant plants can be placed in the cave to extend the dormant storage in the cave; frozen food can also be stored; the temperature of the cave can also be adjusted. Fresh fruits and vegetables. During the storage of crops and food, underground temperature storage or cold storage is used to adjust the temperature inside the cave at any time.
  • the wall of the box is provided with a thermal insulation layer.
  • the inside of the box is made of a phase change latent heat medium storage device like a rapid storage structure.
  • the heat storage box is transported to the heat source.
  • the heat source is a gas heat source such as steam or hot gas, it can be directly passed into the heat storage box to melt the phase change material for heat storage.
  • the heat source is a non-gas heat source such as a grate, a sealed and insulated conversion room can be built in the heat source area or abandoned area.
  • the heat furnace is first placed in a high-temperature resistant flatbed vehicle, and then the conversion room is pushed forward.
  • the mine ore or gravel barrier is formed into a large long storage bed, and the surrounding area is covered with soil.
  • the upper and lower layers of the two ends of the long bed are respectively provided with multiple vents, and the cold or heat source is fed from any vent pipe at one end.
  • the switch of the vent can be discharged from any vent on the other end. Because the entire bed is interconnected, various cold and heat sources can be stored quickly and in large quantities. Because the storage bed is interconnected, the heat can be stored from the bottom first and used. The principle of hot air automatic rise makes the heat source automatically move up for storage. When it is stored cold, it is stored from the top first.
  • the hole can be provided with a prefabricated tube or not. It can also be provided with a second transmission medium in the hole, or it can store cold or heat directly into the soil using only hot and cold air as an integrated medium. The method of cold and hot storage is the same as the aforementioned method.
  • Natural gullies create natural conditions for underground storage.
  • the method of building a gully is to first shape and level the ditch along the bottom of the ditch, and then use pebbles or rocks to parallel the length of the ditch to create a number of lines.
  • the second medium channel in the main hole of the periodic storage is then taken from the top of the mountain for backfilling and tamping.
  • the second medium channel is then separated and the soil is backfilled.
  • the road is filled layer by layer and the soil is backfilled.
  • the net library is shown in Figure 2.
  • the top and front and back of the trench are covered with thick soil for cold and hot storage.
  • When building a cold storage in a ditch it is also possible to construct a long arch-shaped large-volume hole in the middle and lower parts of the entire storage. After the whole cold storage and the cold storage, the food can be stored frozen in the cave, or the perennial perennial crops can be extended to sleep.
  • a basement can be built in the upper part for agricultural production.
  • the built-in storage in the ditch is
  • Ventilation channels leading to the bottom of the cave are set up in the waste mine or natural cave.
  • the thick soil at the mouth of the cave is backfilled.
  • Cold air or hot air is used as the medium to be sent from the ventilation channel to the bottom of the cave and discharged through the space inside the cave.
  • the construction method of the liquefied air storage is as follows: firstly, a long hole is excavated in the deep underground, preferably in the mountain, and the liquefied air storage is poured with reinforced concrete in the cave, and the storage is provided to the inside of the storage. The pipes for cold storage and storage of liquefied air are led out of the cave, and the thick soil at the entrance of the cave is tamped and backfilled. Then, the natural cold source is used to exchange cold air into the storehouse as described above. After cooling, the low-temperature cold source is used to produce colder cold source and continue to store cold to the storage wall, and the liquefied air storage can be carried out until the temperature in the storage reaches the design temperature stably.
  • the underground cold storage and heat storage are built in the same way as the previous method, and the natural or low-temperature power station refrigeration source is stored in the cold storage.
  • the liquefied air storage method is: at night in winter, using trough electricity and natural cold air, the air is first compressed by an air compressor. When the pressure of the compressed air increases and the temperature rises, the generated heat source is replaced and sent to underground heat storage. Storage in the warehouse. When the high-pressure air is cooled to the same temperature as the outside temperature, the cold source in the underground cold storage or the refrigeration source in the compression equipment is used to further reduce the temperature until the air is liquefied and sent to the underground liquefied air storage.
  • an underground cold storage is also established at the application site, preferably a rapid cold storage.
  • the application method is: use air separation equipment to separate the oxygen and nitrogen from the liquefied air, and at the same time transfer the cold energy generated during the gasification separation to the underground cold storage, so that three resources of oxygen, nitrogen and cold energy can be obtained .
  • oxygen and nitrogen can be separated at the time of initial liquefaction of the air and then separately liquefied and stored in an underground liquefied air storage.
  • the advantages of underground storage of liquefied air are:
  • the storage is built deep underground, which can withstand high pressure, and can use the soil or rock on the wall of the storehouse to store cold, heat insulation, and maintain low temperature for a long time. It makes full use of the natural cold energy in winter and is natural.
  • Another method for the development and utilization of cold energy and trough electric condensation can also be used for the development and application of trough electricity resources in each season.
  • the present invention is for the production of high-energy-consuming industrial furnaces such as underground biogas fermentation, rural bricks and limes, and low-energy-consuming industrial production such as alcohol or food processing.
  • the method for building and storing underground liquefied gas storage, underground cold storage, and heat storage is exactly the same as the foregoing method.
  • the biogas fermentation tank is also built underground. The top of the tank is covered with thick soil for heat preservation.
  • the outside of the tank wall is equipped with an underground outdoor thermal storage bed as shown in Figure 4, and a heat exchanger is installed in the tank.
  • the method of comprehensive development and utilization is: After the natural air is replaced in the underground heat storage, the heat is transferred to the heat storage thermostat bed on the wall of the underground biogas fermentation tank or the heat exchanger in the pool. The heat is continuously exchanged and stored, so that the soil on the wall is stored in a large amount of heat. Until the optimal fermentation temperature. Then, the crop straws, domestic garbage, human and livestock stools are put into the pond for biogas fermentation, and the underground heat is used to adjust the temperature of the biogas tank at any time during the biogas fermentation process. After the produced biogas is stored for a certain amount, it can be directly used for burning bricks or lime furnaces with high energy consumption as fuel.
  • the exhaust gas from the industrial furnace is first sent to the underground rapid heat storage for heat storage.
  • the heated gas can be compressed and separated by carbon dioxide and nitrogen directly with an air compressor, or temporarily stored in an air storage device.
  • the trough electricity is used for compression and separation, and the generated heat source is replaced during the separation process.
  • Stored in underground heat storage and then use natural cold air or underground cold storage cold source to further cool the high-pressure gas to liquefy the carbon dioxide and store it.
  • the remaining high-pressure nitrogen or gasification refrigeration is sent to the underground rapid storage cold storage. It is then used directly for agricultural production in protected areas, or it is stored in underground liquid storage after it is liquefied by underground storage.
  • the high-temperature heat source stored underground is used for low-energy consumption alcohol or instrument processing production, and the alcohol residue and food processing waste are used for biogas fermentation.
  • the use of low-temperature heat sources, cold sources, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and biogas fertilizers stored underground for protected agricultural production will not only exhaust all available resources, but also promote environmental protection.
  • the above method can also be used for comprehensive development and utilization of the exhaust gas from coal-fired industrial furnaces, and it can also separate carbon dioxide and formazan from biogas and then liquefy and store it.
  • Another method for the development and utilization of comprehensive resources is to build the above facilities near high-oxygen consumption enterprises such as metallurgical enterprises and carry out compressed air for oxygen production.
  • the thermal and cold energy produced during oxygen production will be stored underground, and the oxygen production pipelines will be used. Send it to an oxygen enterprise for production and application, store the nitrogen or liquefaction, or directly use it for agricultural production or other production.
  • the smelting furnace exhaust gas is sent to the resource development site through the heat preservation pipeline for the comprehensive development and utilization of the industrial furnace exhaust resource as described above.
  • Another method for the utilization of waste resources is to adjust the temperature of the basement by using cold and hot storage in the basement as shown in Figure 4, and use a three-dimensional, moderate-temperature, factory-scale earthworm breeding in the basement with a bed frame.
  • the computer-controlled motor is used to make the collector that collects the light and heat in the solar energy at any time towards the sun.
  • the collected heat source is sent to the underground thermal storage for storage.
  • the collected light source is sent to the underground field with ordinary optical fiber cable for plants. Branches and leaves are dense, and artificial light sources are difficult to illuminate or insufficiently irradiated to improve photosynthesis.
  • the so-called underground field is to build a basement in the basement. Based on the ground temperature to keep warm in winter and cool in summer, use the aforementioned series of underground storage cold and heat resources and technologies to regulate the various production factors of the basement to the optimal state, which can be used for New fields for agricultural production.
  • a library-like medium material layer sends a cold source or a heat source from one bed and discharges it from another bed, so that the medium material in the bed can be stored cold or heat, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the room temperature.
  • the thermal storage temperature bed outside the basement wall and the thickness of the top soil cover can be determined by factors such as the local ground temperature, the size of the investment, and the cultivated species.
  • the thermal storage temperature bed may or may not be provided. Selecting the setting, when no thermal storage temperature bed is provided, the temperature can be directly exchanged to the room, or the temperature can be adjusted indoors by setting a heat exchanger in the room.
  • the thickness of the top soil is large, but the ground temperature is high, and the heat preservation effect is good. On the other hand, although the thin soil cover has a small investment, the ground temperature utilization and heat insulation effect are poor, so the thickness of the soil cover can be selected according to the specific situation.
  • the basement can be built as a single floor or multiple floors.
  • the top can be covered with soil for insulation, or a semi-underground greenhouse that can be kept warm in winter and cool in summer. The above is only a part of the development of underground fields, that is, the use of ground temperature and the regulation of underground temperature. Other technologies for the production and control of production factors will be explained one by one in the future.
  • the day and night are low and the tide-like day is obviously a potential source of energy, especially in high latitudes and high altitudes.
  • the Chinese Mohe at 53 ° 28 'north latitude the average daily difference in March was 21.4.
  • 'C the average daily range is 16 ° C ; the north latitude is 29 ° 40', and the average daily range of Lhasa in China is 14.5 ° C, which has huge development potential.
  • Cold and hot underground storage has led to the development of underground fields, which in turn has contributed to the development of poorer resources. Since the underground field is not affected by the natural cold, heat, light and darkness of the outside world, and has a strong sealability and good thermal insulation, it is most suitable for centralized ventilation and temperature regulation.
  • the underground field can be combined with the lighting operation to ventilate or adjust the room temperature of the low temperature at night, any high or low temperature between noon or high temperature, even if production needs more For low or higher cold and heat sources, it is only necessary to adjust the cold and heat sources of underground cold storage and heat sources to meet production requirements.
  • the relatively low-temperature air at night can be further adjusted by the cold storage cold source for production, and in the winter, solar heat is used during the daytime, especially after the aforementioned parallel type pit solar heat collection or directly used or It is used for production after being further adjusted by the heat storage heat source.
  • a thermal storage temperature bed can also be set in the back wall of a semi-underground solar greenhouse, and thicker soil can be used to maintain heat between the bed and the outside world.
  • Use of poor daily resources can be used to store cold in the bed. Or store heat, so as to achieve the purpose of tempering the greenhouse. .
  • 501 is a dehumidification and temperature-adjusting box.
  • the entire dehumidification and temperature-adjusting bed is a combination of two dehumidification and temperature-control boxes connected in series to form identical and symmetrical two sets of series boxes.
  • the box is full of dielectric materials, which are divided into X-type and Y-type according to the different media materials in the box.
  • the medium material in the X-bed box is water.
  • the dehumidification requirements are high, add salt to the water in the end box appropriately. Reduce the freezing temperature.
  • 502 is a heat exchanger through which dehumidified gas flows
  • 503 is a heat exchanger that adjusts the water temperature in the box
  • 504 is a three-way switch. Its function is to pass The control switch allows the gas to pass both through the heat exchanger and through the water in the tank.
  • 505 is a pipe provided between the two boxes that leads out of the bed. The pipe is provided with a switch. By controlling the switch, the gas in the heat exchanger can be discharged out of the bed, or external air can be sucked into the heat exchanger.
  • 506 is a pipe that horizontally connects two sets of series boxes. Each pipe is provided with two switches (all T-type symbols in the figure are switches).
  • 507 is a pipe connecting each box, and each pipe is provided with a switch, and the head pipe is collectively connected to the main pipe.
  • 508 is a sterilization box provided on the main pipe. The box contains a liquid sterilant.
  • a switch is installed on the pipe connected to the sterilization box and the main pipe. By controlling the two switches, the gas or the sterilization box can be sterilized. , Or directly from the main pipeline.
  • 509 is a ventilator located on the main pipe.
  • 510 is a connecting pipe set between two main pipes. As shown in the figure, each of the connecting pipes and the main pipe is set to have a switch.
  • 51 1 is a basement.
  • a plurality of parallel ventilation pipes are longitudinally arranged at the top and bottom of the basement. Each of the ventilation pipes is uniformly punched in the longitudinal direction. After the plurality of parallel ventilation pipes are connected in the middle, they are connected to the main pipe of the dehumidification and temperature control bed. .
  • a and B are two series boxes with different functions during dehumidification and temperature control.
  • Fig. 6 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the temperature control heat exchanger 3 in Fig. 5, and 601 is a cold source inlet and outlet pipe.
  • the underground storage cold source or other cold source uses water or air as a medium, and a water pump or fan can be sent to any box in the series box to adjust the water temperature in the box.
  • 602 is the heat source inlet and outlet pipe. In this way, you can adjust the water temperature of each box in the front section.
  • the representation of pipes and switches in the figure is exactly the same as the front figure.
  • the following example illustrates the principle and process of dehumidification and temperature adjustment: Assume that the air temperature in the basement is 30 ° C, and the temperature needs to be reduced by 3-5 ° C. The humidity is high, and the relative humidity needs to be reduced. The air content is high concentration of carbon dioxide gas. Discard it and continue to use it.
  • the method of temperature adjustment and dehumidification is to first adjust the water temperature in the four boxes of group A to 25 ° C, 15 ° C, 5 ° C, and 5 ° C by heat exchange system 503 in order to make it a relatively low temperature group. And the water temperature of the four boxes of group B was adjusted to the relatively high temperature group of 28 ° C, 18 ° C, 8 ° C and 0 ° C in order, and the high temperature and high humidity gas was extracted from the top of the basement with an exhaust fan. Then it is sent to the main pipeline of Group A.
  • the switches located on the two main pipes and the branch pipe 510 are switched to make the hot and humid air. Enter from Group B, return to the basement after cooling down and dehumidifying, and then heat up from Group A.
  • the two groups of alternating heating and cooling can not only achieve the purpose of dehumidification and temperature regulation, but also make full use of cold and heat sources.
  • the key to using water as a medium for dehumidification and temperature reduction is to set up more water tanks to make the water temperature difference between the two adjacent tanks as small as possible. The smaller the water temperature difference, the higher the utilization rate of the cold and heat sources.
  • phase change material with a different melting temperature is set in each box of each group, and they are arranged in order from high melting point to low melting point.
  • phase change materials that can be used in the dehumidification and tempering bed, such as sodium carbonate decahydrate with a melting point of 33 ° C; calcium chloride hexahydrate at 29.4 ° C; polyethylene glycol 600 at 2 _ 2 (TC; 13 ° C Na2S04, NaC l, NH4C1; Na2S04, NH4C1; 7.2 ° C Na2S04, KCl; 3.3 ° C Na2S04, KCl; 0 ° C water and various concentrations of brine at 0-55 ° C, etc.
  • phase change materials first Put into a long plastic or metal tube that does not undergo chemical reaction, and then arrange the tubes containing phase change material in the package vertically and horizontally. The top of the tube and the top of the box are closely attached without leaving any space. In the layer space, the dehumidified and tempered air is sent into the front space first, and then the air between the tubes is evenly passed to achieve the purpose of heat exchange, dehumidification or temperature regulation.
  • the phase change material is tempered during the dehumidification and temperature regulation process.
  • the method is to set a thin tube in the middle of the phase change material in the phase change material tube, and adjust the temperature by sending a cold or heat source into the thin tube. As shown in FIG.
  • 702 is a phase change material
  • 703 is a thermostat thin tube
  • the thermostat thin tube is The overall arrangement inside is longitudinally connected in series and horizontally in parallel, and the arrangement of the pipes outside the lead-out box is exactly the same as the arrangement of the temperature-adjusting pipes in the X-bed as shown in Figure 6. Because water expands in volume when freezing, in order to prevent the pipe from bursting, so The pipe filled with water is not easy to grow, and it can be compensated by multi-layer short pipes stacked in the same box.
  • the dehumidification and temperature regulation process of the Y-bed is: First, adjust the temperature of the group of phase change materials in the two groups of boxes to a slight temperature.
  • Solids below the melting point temperature while the other group is tempered to liquids slightly above the melting point temperature, and then the dehumidified air is sent from the high melting point end of the solid group, passed through each box to condense and dehumidify, and then enter the liquid state.
  • the low-melting end of the group heats up from box to box, and when it reaches the required temperature, it is directly sent to the basement through the ventilation channel outside the control box. In this way, continuous ventilation, dehumidification, and temperature adjustment are performed until most of the solid-state group of phase change materials absorbs heat and changes to cold.
  • the air flow direction of the two groups is reversed through the control switch, that is, the original gas is changed to exhaust, the original exhaust is changed to feed, and then the removal is continued.
  • the heat source needs to be supplemented to the high-temperature section of the gas exhausted by the temperature adjustment device shown in FIG.
  • the cold source is supplemented with a cold source.
  • the principle of basement air extraction and delivery is: Withdraw from the top and feed from the bottom. When warming up, draw from the bottom and feed from the top.
  • the dehumidification requirement is low or the temperature adjustment range is large, it can be controlled by the switch set on each pipe. It can be entered from any box or section of one group, from another box or another box, and from the other group. Eject in any box or section.
  • the advantage of the Y-bed is that it can maintain a relatively stable temperature environment by using the huge latent heat (cold) of the phase change of the dielectric material.
  • the temperature change in the entire bed is small, which is conducive to automated operation.
  • the efficiency of dehumidification and temperature regulation is worse than that of the Y-bed.
  • other materials with strong thermal conductivity and greater heat fusion than metals such as metals, can be used as the medium for the dehumidification and temperature control bed.
  • the underground cold storage can also be used to directly cool down and dehumidify, or put quick lime directly in the basement in the cold season, and use its mature water absorption and dehumidification to increase temperature. You can also take advantage of the poor daily resources and choose continuous ventilation for a dehumidification period.
  • Dehumidification can also be performed using existing dehumidification technologies such as adsorption.
  • One is Recycling production mode that is, a ring-shaped basement is built underground, a ring-shaped flat rail car is laid on the ring-shaped basement, and a soilless bed or a sand-growing bed and a driving motor are set on the flat bed.
  • the basement is provided with heat-insulating and light-proof sliding doors or rolling doors.
  • the room temperature is adjusted to the relative constant temperature rooms with different temperatures required for production.
  • the cultivation bed carried by the rail car is driven to circulate through the motor, so as to meet the plant's requirements for the daily temperature difference. .
  • 801 is an outer ring chamber
  • 802 is an inner ring chamber
  • 803 is an operation chamber
  • 804 is a connecting passage connecting the inner and outer ring chambers and the work chamber
  • 805 is a two-ring chamber.
  • the soil layer between the chambers, 806 is a sliding door built in the wall of the ring road, or a roller shutter door fixed on the top. The door functions as heat insulation and light insulation.
  • the circular circulation room can be built horizontally. It can also be built as a whole, so that one side is high and the other is low to form a height difference.
  • a pebble heat-regulating temperature bed is arranged in sections outside the annular chamber wall.
  • Fig. 9 is another form of circular circulation chamber, which is based on the aforementioned circular circulation chamber, a relatively spacious working path is opened in the diameter direction, where the ring-shaped chamber is connected with the working path and indoors are respectively Set up gates, one partitioning two semicircles, half high greenhouses and half low greenhouses.
  • the two semicircular railcar connecting rods can be connected at the working lane for complete circulation.
  • a runway-type circulation room of which 1001 is a circular room and 1002 is a non-circulation room, which can be used for seedling cultivation or crop cultivation with low temperature difference requirements.
  • 1003 is the work path.
  • This circulation mode is suitable for applications with relatively narrow terrain.
  • the above-mentioned cyclic temperature adjustment can meet the temperature difference demand of the crop within a day, It can also fully increase or decrease the room temperature to promote the temperature difference demand throughout the production cycle.
  • the power supply on the cycle car can be provided by two "electric braids" on the car like the trolleybus in the city. A water tank is set on the car, and a large funnel is set on the water tank.
  • 1 101 is a ring-shaped production room
  • 1 102 is a connecting passage that connects two ring-shaped production rooms with a turnout and a track.
  • 1 103 is the working track and the track paved in the working track
  • 1 104 is the connecting track connecting the working track and the ring chamber
  • 1 105 is the connecting passage between the ring chamber and the working track.
  • the annular chamber should be a six-in-one combination, that is, a winter chamber, and the rest The five can be subdivided into early spring, spring and summer, summer, summer and autumn, and late autumn rooms, so as to form a full-cycle production.
  • Cycle is very simple, i.e. when the plants grow to the required temperature change, the first rail vehicle a compartment traction to the orbits over the working path out of a chamber, and then transferred to the previous ring production b, c, d, e chamber order Room, and finally the rail car in the working lane turns into the e-ring room.
  • Each such cycle can achieve the purpose of producing fresh products of the Fourth Committee, which highly simulates the natural climate.
  • the large-cycle cultivation is most suitable for the off-season cultivation of dormant habits such as peach trees and peony.
  • the circular cultivation mode can be performed by using rails and railcars to circulate, or it can be performed on flat-bed carts with general wheels without rails.
  • the second is the flow production mode, that is, the crops are cultivated on a small cultivation bed with wheels, and multiple cultivation rooms are adjusted to different constant temperature rooms at different temperatures according to the temperature required for different growth stages of the crop.
  • the constant temperature chambers with different temperatures are combined into a set of flowing water production lines, and the crops are produced from the nursery, vegetative growth, reproductive growth to the production of different temperatures in the cultivation room with different temperatures.
  • the third is to meet the temperature cycle mode by adjusting the room temperature.
  • the temperature is adjusted directly to the room through the basement heat storage temperature control bed, so that the room temperature can be adjusted at any time to the temperature required for different growth stages of the crop.
  • This mode is most suitable for fixed cultivated fruit trees that should not be moved, such as underground peach cultivation. If you want to produce fresh peaches in winter or early spring, you need to gradually adjust the basement room temperature to about 5 ° C in summer or autumn for freezing and dormancy. After the dormancy period expires, the room temperature is gradually adjusted step by step to make the peach tree form a cyclic production of lifting dormancy, flowering, fruiting, flower bud differentiation, and resleeping.
  • This method consumes a large amount of cold, it is exchanged when the temperature is lowered.
  • the cold source can be used to cool other cultivation rooms.
  • the low-temperature greenhouse in the hot season it can produce low-temperature edible fungi, can also be used for fresh-keeping storage of fruits and vegetables, and can also perform cold treatment on other crops. Therefore, from the perspective of energy utilization, Seeing is also feasible.
  • the third is the combined mode of flow production and circular production, that is, based on the aforementioned flow production mode, the cultivation rooms of the production section with high daily temperature difference requirements are set into two groups, one is a high greenhouse, and the other is a low greenhouse.
  • the exchange of places within 24 hours of the crops in the two groups can meet the daily temperature difference.
  • the two basements of different temperatures can be combined non-equally according to the specific conditions. ⁇ Or an equivalent combination to meet the photoperiod requirements by controlling the lighting time of the two groups.
  • the fourth is to regulate the opposite ends of the annular cultivation room into a high greenhouse and a low greenhouse, and drive the annular cultivation bed to meet the daily temperature difference demand of the crop.
  • the daily temperature difference demand of the crop can also be indirectly met. This is because one of the reasons why the crop requires relatively low night temperature is to suppress the breathing consumption at night and use the aforementioned carbon dioxide. And nitrogen resource development, adjusting the air in the underground fields to high carbon dioxide, high nitrogen, and low oxygen components, which can effectively suppress respiratory consumption while promoting photosynthesis and controlling pests and diseases, and indirectly meet some of the crop's requirements for daily temperature differences .
  • 1204 is the inner box of the sand bed.
  • the inner box can be a rectangular plastic box.
  • 1205 is a plastic board placed at the bottom of the inner box. The surface of the board is made of screen mesh or small and vertical holes. The top of the board is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric with air permeability.
  • Small pillars are arranged under the board to make the board and the bottom of the box close.
  • a void layer is formed.
  • 1206 is an oxygen supply pipe. Air or oxygen-enriched gas is sent from the outside to the bottom of the sandy soil bed through the oxygen supply pipe, which can form a bottom-up forced oxygen supply mechanism in the sand and soil in the bed.
  • 1207 is a pebble, gravel, or rock wool placed on a non-woven fabric. Its function is only to improve air permeability.
  • 1208 is sandy soil. The so-called sandy soil is a proportion of cultivated soil mixed with a certain proportion of sand, soil, organic fertilizer, earthworm manure, and biogas residue fertilizer.
  • sand soil should be cultivated for a certain period of time before and after cultivation.
  • 1209 is a planting plate
  • 1210 is a planting cup.
  • the planting plate and the planting cup are made of a transparent hard plastic film as a whole.
  • the planting plate is covered on a sand bed and the surroundings are sealed with plastic tape.
  • 121 1 is a dual-purpose water supply and exhaust pipe for oxygen supply pipe, that is, during the non-water supply period, the oxygen supply pipe 1206 slightly pressures the oxygen into the sand, and the 121 1 back pressure draws the exhaust gas out of the bed.
  • the oxygen supply pipe 1206 Stop the oxygen supply. If necessary, back pressure to evacuate the water evenly and quickly throughout the cultivation bed.
  • 1212 is the sealing soil placed in the planting cup. After the pre-cultivated seedlings are planted in the planting cup, the cup is filled with ordinary soil with poor air permeability and moderately compacted, so that the exhaust gas from the bed surface is not easy to be discharged from the cup mouth and is concentrated. Exhaust from the exhaust pipe 1 1.
  • the planting board on the top of the bed may or may not be provided.
  • the suitable temperature range of the rhizosphere of most crops is 15-25 ° C. If a polyethylene glycol 600 phase change material with a melting point of 20-25 ⁇ is selected as the temperature regulating medium material for the sand bed, the rhizosphere needs to be cooled to protect the temperature.
  • the underground temperature is used to regulate the water temperature below the melting point of the phase change material.
  • the latent heat (cold) of the phase change material can be used to maintain a relatively constant temperature environment at the rhizosphere for a long time thereafter; when the rhizosphere needs to be warmed to maintain the root temperature, underground heat storage is used to regulate the water temperature during the phase change Above the melting point of the material, it is also fed in from one end of the bed, and then discharged from the other after the phase change material absorbs heat and cools, so that the phase change material is melted from the solid endothermic heat to a liquid state, and the latent heat of the phase change is used to maintain the rhizosphere constant temperature state.
  • the phase change latent heat of the dielectric material can be used for constant temperature insulation for a long period of time, but in order to reduce the one-time investment, you can also directly use water or non-phase change materials as the temperature control medium material in the bed to store the cold and heat. Can achieve the purpose of regulating rhizosphere temperature.
  • the second is the regulation of rhizosphere oxygen. Forced oxygen supply to the sand in the sand bed can not only promote the respiration, growth and nutrient absorption of the root system, but also promote the growth of microorganisms in the sand and promote the mineralization of substances by the microorganisms.
  • Transformation promote the production of growth stimulating hormones and antibiotics, can also promote the metabolism of earthworms in sandy soil, accelerate the decomposition and conversion of earthworms to organic matter in the soil
  • one of the methods of air supply is to first humidify the air or oxygen-rich gas Store in the air storage device, and then either apply a certain pressure on the air storage device, or use a moderate pressure fan to send the gas to the bottom of the sandy soil bed, so that the gas passes through the sand and evenly exits the bed.
  • the exhaust pipe 121 1 is taken out by the exhaust fan. Since the exhaust gas is rich in carbon dioxide, the exhaust gas can still be used for the carbon dioxide application of other protected cultivation.
  • the gas content in the cultivation room must be high carbon dioxide. It is also possible not to set a planting board on the sand bed, and the exhaust gas is directly discharged to the indoor for the crops to directly use carbon dioxide.
  • the second method of gas supply is to control a long trench outdoors. The trench is filled with media materials such as pebbles or plastic water bags, and the soil is backfilled into an underground oxygen supply ventilation channel. After passing the air supply through the ventilation channel, it can be adjusted. When the temperature is high during the day, it can cool down through the ventilation channel, and when the temperature is low at night, it can warm up through the ventilation channel.
  • the ventilation channel During the day and night when the temperature is low, it can pass a lot of hot air to the ventilation channel during the high temperature of noon. For heat storage, during the day and night when the temperature is high, a large amount of cold air can be passed to the ventilation channel during the low temperature period in the early morning. When storing cold or heat in the ventilation channel, the air supply to the sandy bed is directly passed through the ventilation channel.
  • the third effect of sand bed planting is to improve product quality. Apply less or no chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Using organic fertilizers and microorganisms to return to nature and restore the original color, aroma and taste of agricultural products is the ultimate purpose of sand bed planting.
  • the measures to achieve this goal include sand composition, sand culture, and fertilization during sand bed planting.
  • the composition principle of sandy soil is to ensure both fertility and good aeration.
  • the method of cultivating sandy soil is to build a large soil-cultivating pond under a semi-underground plastic greenhouse. The bottom of the pond is made of a pebble or a block of stone to form a breathable and strong aeration layer and a ventilating tube is placed on the aeration layer.
  • the forced supply of oxygen from the trachea to the sand can promote the decomposition and transformation of the organic matter in the sand by microorganisms and earthworms, and play a role in raising soil. Crops can also be cultivated on the sand. Do both.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of soil cultivation in a plastic shed, where 1301 is a semi-underground plastic greenhouse and 1302 is a soil cultivation pond under the shed.
  • 1303 is a brick wall
  • 1304 is a thermal storage temperature bed with a pebble as the medium
  • 1305 is a reinforcement layer of the temperature bed
  • 1306 is a ventilated layer of a sand pool
  • a lower layer is formed with a uniformly-sized pebble or block stone
  • an upper layer is a pebble.
  • 1307 is the ventilation pipe in the aeration layer, because the sand in the pond is thick.
  • 1308 is an exhaust pipe. Because the gas exhausted from the sand is rich in carbon dioxide, the exhaust gas is extracted in a concentrated way and can be used for the cultivation of other protected crops. 1309 is a crop grown on the surface of sand.
  • the plastic shed soil can be produced according to production needs or mainly based on soil cultivation or fertilizer production. When mainly based on soil cultivation, the proportion of the composition of the sandy soil is prepared according to the requirements of the sandy soil bed, and an appropriate amount of For earthworms, a small amount of water seeps out at the bottom of the pond when watering.
  • the vent pipe at the bottom of the pond can pump back pressure when watering, so that the water penetrates evenly without retaining water.
  • the vent pipe at the bottom of the pond can pump back pressure when watering, so that the water penetrates evenly without retaining water.
  • this method further increases the proportion of organic matter such as orange rods, human and animal manure, and domestic waste, and reduces or removes sand and soil, it is reared by earthworms in plastic sheds.
  • a pool can be built as shown by the dotted line in the drawing, that is 13 10 is a brick wall added in the middle of the pool.
  • 13 1 1 is a concrete prefabricated slab covered at the top of the pool, and 1312 is a material surface. A space is formed between the material surface and the concrete plate for water addition and exhaust.
  • 1313 is a water spray and exhaust pipe. Concrete prefabricated boards can be planted in sand or soilless, or potted flowers.
  • Fertilizers for sand bed planting can also be liquid fertilizers in biogas production, and chemical fertilizers can also be applied in appropriate amounts.
  • organic fertilizer can also be applied to the sand, and the method of limiting humidity and oxygen supply in the sand bed, Can also be used for pure soil cultivation and soilless cultivation.
  • Bed planting mainly solves the problems of temperature, oxygen and nutrition of the root, and many production factors of the stem and leaf are to make full use of this technology for the storage of cold and heat energy, the development of carbon dioxide and nitrogen resources, and regulate the stem and leaf to Plants suitable for temperature, high carbon dioxide and high nitrogen content are most suitable for growing environment.
  • the comprehensive application of this technical description to the temperature cycle, temperature removal and temperature adjustment, and optical fiber cable transmission can promote the unprecedented optimal state of many production factors in plant cultivation.
  • the methods for controlling pests and diseases in underground fields are: (1) Make full use of the advantages of highly enclosed basements, and strict management can effectively prevent the spread of pests and diseases on the ground. Filter the air entering the basement and sterilize if necessary; Cleanly extract air from the mountains or the distant air to ventilate, temper, and produce in the basement, keep people and things entering the basement clean, and refuse outside diseases and insect pests Incoming is the main prevention and control method of pests and diseases in the basement. (2) Utilizing the aforementioned nitrogen and carbon dioxide resources, the basement air is adjusted to a combination of high carbon dioxide, high nitrogen, and low oxygen content, which can effectively inhibit insect pests and aerobic bacteria while promoting photosynthesis and suppressing respiratory consumption.
  • the plant department sets up optical cables between the branches and leaves, or uses the gathered natural The light source, or an artificial light source, can be used to complete the finishing touch by transmitting the light source to any desired place of the crop through an optical cable.
  • fiber optic cables to increase lightness increases investment, it can not only increase yield, but also improve quality, and it is also natural and economical; make full use of the basement's lack of light and the different light demand characteristics of different crops or different growth periods of the same crop, which can artificially control the intensity of light And irradiation time, making the most of the photoperiod's enabling effect.
  • Underground field plant cultivation is a comprehensive application of the aforementioned production factor regulation techniques.
  • the aforementioned control factors of production factors can also be used for the comprehensive application of ground protection ground production or any one or more applications.
  • the bed can be cultivated on the ground or buried in the soil.
  • a pit with the same dimensions as the bed can be controlled underground.
  • soil cultivation or soilless cultivation can be built in the bed.
  • Underground temperature changes are small.
  • the above-mentioned underground cultivation method can also be applied outdoors and in the open air underground. Because various production factors in the basement are suitable for artificial regulation, making full use of the underground anti-seasonal temperature environment can promote the combination of ground and underground cultivation, such as the cultivation of peony flowers in the hot season, the underground temperature can be moved to promote dormancy during flower bud formation, and the dormancy period can be lifted Hibernation contributes to off-season flowering. .
  • FIG 14 is a schematic diagram of fruit trees planted on a large sand bed in the basement. 1401 is a large sand bed used for fruit tree cultivation. This large sand bed is different from the small sand bed shown in Figure 12 in that pillars are arranged vertically and horizontally in the middle of the bed. There are beams on the pillars, and the beams are covered with concrete prefabricated panels. The prefabricated panels are equipped with small sandy soil beds for crop cultivation.
  • the dual-purpose pipe for oxygen supply and pumping and drainage 1404 is the dual-purpose pipe for water spray and exhaust in the space between the sand and the cover plate
  • 1405 is a slender fruit tree set in the sand bed, such as Jujube trees are cultivated on the ground or conventionally before planting, or young sand trees are cultivated on the same scale as the ground.
  • a setting frame is set on the upper part of the branch to force the branch to On the frame and pass Shear is adapted so as to form a tree cultivation basement Zhigan parallel arrangement as shown in FIG.
  • the final cultivation of fruit trees can either be transplanted to the basement after finishing on the ground, or the young trees can be transplanted to the basement before the finalization.
  • 1406 is a stereotype of fruit trees with thicker and shorter branches, such as peach trees and apple trees. 1405 and 1406 show only two types of fruit trees cultivated in the basement with the basement space, light, and under-tree crops. Instead of cultivating two fruit trees in the same room, only one fruit tree can be cultivated in the same room. 1407 is a small sandy bed under a fruit tree, which can be used to cultivate crops such as vegetables and flowers. 1408 is an artificial light source, 1409 is an optical cable provided between the branches and leaves, and 1410 is a pebble layer provided at the bottom of the bed, which can provide a space for uniform ventilation for the oxygen supply at the bottom of the bed, and can also adjust the temperature of the bottom by passing water.
  • One is a fixed mode, that is, a certain fruit tree is fixedly cultivated in a basement, and the temperature cycle requirements of the fruit tree are met by adjusting the room temperature.
  • peach cultivation Take peach cultivation as an example to illustrate: Assume that the ripening period of the peach tree is winter, and the cold period is summer, and the winter cold source stored underground or the cold source made by the valley electricity is transferred to the basement wall. In the pebble bed, reduce the temperature of the peach tree cultivation room to below 7.2 degrees Fahrenheit. After the peach tree cultivation reaches the cold demand (20-40 days), the natural climate is still a high temperature season. The cold source exchanged by heating up the culture room can still be used for other production.
  • the cold source has a small consumption loss, it is also highly utilized due to the strong thermal insulation performance of the basement.
  • the temperature of the basement can be adjusted to a constant temperature of 0-7 ° C, and the air composition is adjusted to an environment of high carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Keep it fresh.
  • the cooling demand of peach trees is not the best constant temperature at 6 ° C at night, and the alternate heating and cooling environment of "white.
  • the daily temperature difference requirements of the peach tree can be met through various measures such as ventilation, temperature adjustment during dehumidification, and high-concentration and high-concentration carbon dioxide and nitrogen environments to suppress respiratory consumption.
  • the second is the cycle production mode, that is, the mode shown in Figures 8, 9, 10, and 1 1 as described above.
  • Larger sand beds are set on the railcars to circulate and cultivate short tree-shaped fruit trees.
  • a temperature regulating layer is also set on the wall of the cultivation bed, an oxygen supply device is set at the bottom of the bed, and sand is replaced by a solid substrate such as gravel.
  • a nutrient solution spraying pipe is added at the top of the bed, and the bottom of the bed is added.
  • Add soilless cultivation facilities such as drain pipes.
  • Underground fruit tree cultivation can also be directly cultivated in the basement soil as above.
  • the plant part cannot be regulated to a low-oxygen environment, and the daily temperature difference and cold and hot storage must be used to enhance ventilation to ensure supply to the rhizosphere. oxygen.
  • the method of planting potted flowers on the bed is to set up a pipe for supplying oxygen and drainage on the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot. After setting a thermal insulation layer on the bed wall, you can put the pot into the bed, leaving a gap between the pots, and directly The temperature-adjusting medium material is put in, and the temperature of the medium material can be adjusted by passing cold or hot water into the bed, and the oxygen demand of the root can be met by supplying oxygen to the basin.
  • FIG 15 is a schematic diagram of edible mushroom box cultivation, where 1501 is a plastic cultivation box, 1502 is a cultivation material, and 1503 is a water retaining ring protruding around the cultivation box, which is pressed out by a special pressing plate when the cultivation material is loaded. Its function is to serve as mushrooms In the stage of punching water into the culture medium, the water will not flow into the bottom of the tank along the junction of the material and the tank, and will play a role of retaining water.
  • 1504 is a special cover made of transparent hard plastic thick film. The cover surface is evenly provided with inoculation holes. There are three types of cover plates according to the structure and arrangement of the inoculation holes.
  • One is a cup-shaped inoculation hole provided on the cover plate with a protruding cover surface, and 1505 is sealed with a cotton plug in the cup hole.
  • the second is that only round holes are punched on the cover surface, and the round holes are sealed with adhesive tape.
  • the arrangement of the above two kinds of inoculation holes on the cover is set according to the requirements of inoculation density, and the cover will be removed when the mushrooms are released.
  • the third is that the cover is not removed when the mushrooms are released, and the inoculation hole is the cover of the mushrooms.
  • the inoculation hole is also a round hole sealed with adhesive tape.
  • the difference is that the density of the holes on the cover is set according to the density of mushrooms. This plate is used for tremella cultivation.
  • 1506 is the overlap between the box eaves and the cover eaves.
  • the length of the eaves of the cover is shorter than the eaves of the box, and the joints are sealed around with adhesive tape or tape.
  • the shape of the cover plate is the same as the material surface inside the box, and it is closely adhered to the entire material surface including the water ring.
  • 1507 is an oxygen-permeable ventilation board made of plastic.
  • the whole board is the same as the clearance in the cultivation box.
  • the surface of the board is closed with small holes or made into a mesh.
  • the board is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric.
  • the small pillars form a gap layer between the board and the bottom of the box.
  • the small pillars can be integrated with the board or can be set separately.
  • the purpose of setting an oxygen supply facility at the bottom of the cultivation box is to forcibly supply oxygen to the culture medium to meet the oxygen demand of the hypha and promote the growth of the hypha.
  • the oxygen supply method is to use a gas storage device with a proper pressure or a suitable pressure fan to send clean air or oxygen-enriched gas to several cultivation boxes at a slight pressure. After the air or oxygen-enriched gas enters the bottom of the box through the oxygen supply pipe, the pressure is maintained. It can evenly pass through the culture medium and be discharged out of the tank, so as to provide sufficient oxygen to the culture medium.
  • the oxygen-permeable vent plate at the bottom of the box can also be shaped as shown in Fig. 16, where 1601 is an air barrier, 1602 is an air barrier, and the tank and the board are around the board. All are closed. 1603 is a pillar under the board, and the board surface is also provided with small holes or a sieve mesh and covered with non-woven fabric.
  • the application method is: firstly lay a plastic film larger than the bottom area of the box, lay the oxygen supply pipe through the plastic to arrange the bottom of the box, and seal the plastic film and the oxygen supply pipe.
  • Substituting the box plant can either set an oxygen supply device at the bottom of the box, or directly fill the box without cultivation.
  • the above are six cultivation methods according to the different cover plates and the bottom of the box with or without oxygen supply facilities. There are also six cultivation methods depending on the cultivation material in the box.
  • the purpose of adding the raw material is to fully fill the gaps between the blocks, so as to facilitate uniform water supply and oxygen supply during the mushrooming period.
  • the third is direct packing of raw materials, compaction molding, sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, and mushroom cultivation after covering the cover.
  • the fourth is raw material cultivation, that is, when the raw material is boxed, the bacteria are inserted into the cultivation material, compacted and directly covered.
  • the fifth is manure and forage cultivation.
  • the method is the same as the existing method, except that an oxygen supply facility can be provided at the bottom of the box.
  • the sixth is tremella cultivation, that is, the cover after the material is filled in the box is specially used to cover the ears of the inoculation mouth.
  • the box material can be inoculated by the following methods. First, the liquid supply or gaseous sterilization medicine is used to sterilize the oxygen supply tube outside the box. Secondly, the air is dehumidified and sterilized. Device Bring the bacteria when the dry air passes through the liquid bacteria, and then pass the wet air with the bacteria into the oxygen supply tube at the bottom of the box that has been connected to the bacteria through the inoculation hole. Evenly inoculate. After inoculating for a period of time, unplug the inoculation tube and transfer to the general cultivation room to incubate bacteria. This can greatly reduce the incubation time.
  • the so-called three-step cycle divides the mushroom production process into three types: cultivating bacteria, promoting bacteria, and producing mushrooms. Step by step in the environment. Take the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms as an example: Firstly, according to the proportion of the time required for cultivating mushrooms, cultivating buds, and mushrooming, multiple basements are also formed into a circular production line according to this ratio. The room temperature of the chamber is adjusted to about 25 ° C, 10 ° C, and 15 ° C, respectively. The cultivation box where the color is to be transferred is layered on a multi-layered three-dimensional cultivation rack with wheels, and it is first pushed into the low-temperature chamber.
  • Light stimulation stimulates budding. After the fruiting body is formed, it is pushed to the mushrooming room for proper temperature and light. After the fruit body is harvested, the cultivation material is perforated and replenished, and the nutrition is supplemented and the PH value is adjusted while the water is replenished. After the hydration, the cultivation rack is pushed into the germ culture room to grow at a suitable temperature and no light, and after the culturing is completed, it enters the next cycle of budding, mushrooming and culturing. This is an application of the temperature factor. Oxygen has a great effect on edible fungi.
  • the oxygen factor is the cultivation with an oxygen-enhancing function at the bottom of the box
  • the corresponding oxygen supply pipelines are set in its cultivation rack, fungus growing room, and mushrooming room, and the bacteria growing and mushrooming stage Oxygen is supplied to the bottom of the box at a slight pressure, and not only does it not provide oxygen to the bottom of the box when entering the stimulating room, but also the air in the stimulating room is adjusted to a low oxygen content to promote the rapid formation of mushroom buds.
  • the application of the oxygen factor at the bottom of the box without oxygen supply is to make full use of cold and hot storage, and increase the ventilation and ventilation to meet the needs of edible fungi for oxygen.
  • the lighting factor is also provided with a lightening plate to further utilize light and temperature to promote lightening.
  • the lightening plate is a plastic or wooden thick plate.
  • the plate is provided with transparent round holes or square holes at equal distances vertically and horizontally. The distance between the centers of the holes is an integer multiple of the hole diameter, and the shortest is twice the hole diameter.
  • the length and width of the catalyst plate are each less than the length of the inner diameter of the cultivation box. The length of the diameter of the two holes is one-half of the distance between the centers of the two holes.
  • the size of the pore size of the catalyst plate and the distance between the two holes can be determined according to various factors such as the density of mushrooms being cultivated, the size of the mushroom body, and the harvest time.
  • the outstanding advantage of the cues is that it promotes the rapid formation of mushroom buds and also allows the mushrooms to be arranged in an even and orderly manner. Moisture is also one of the important factors in the production of edible fungi.
  • this technology also has corresponding perforated plates.
  • the perforated plates are plastic or wooden boards.
  • the length and width of the perforated plate and the method of circular perforation are exactly the same as the design and operation of the reminder plate.
  • the purpose is also to make the hole positions not to be repeated during multiple punches, and the basis for determining the gap between the plate and the box is to punch the distance between the long or short needles in two adjacent groups of different lengths of needles on the board surface.
  • the method of punching and replenishing water is: after picking mushrooms in the cultivation box, punch a corner of the punching plate close to the corner of the cultivation box and pierce the culture bacteria, and then pour water into the material surface. Because of the water retaining ring, the water can only be replenished from The punched holes penetrate into the material evenly.
  • Base two is a two-step cycle cultivation method, which is different from the three-step method in that after the culturing of bacteria is completed, it is covered with a catalyst plate to push the low-temperature and light-friendly mushrooming room to promote budding and mushroom production.
  • Another method of two-step cycle cultivation is the underground and aboveground cycle.
  • Corresponding cultivation sites and up-and-down lifting equipment are constructed in the aboveground part of the basement.
  • the third is factory cultivation of mushrooms at home, that is, cultivating bacteria in an aerobic plastic box in the basement at a suitable temperature for the four seasons.
  • the mushrooms are released, move the vacant places such as indoors, balconies, and corridors of the residents to grow mushrooms.
  • the basement can also be cultivated in plastic bags, segmented wood, non-recycling, bed planting, etc.
  • An animal breeding room is built underground, a heat storage and temperature bed is set outside the wall, and a heat exchange and ventilation device is also set up inside the room.
  • the breeding method for breeding, velvet or skin-producing animals once a year is as follows: the room temperature of multiple basements is adjusted to the thermostatic chambers of different temperatures required by the animal during a production cycle, and the thermostatic chambers of different temperatures are required according to the different growth periods of the animals. The proportion of time is combined into a running water production line. The breeding rooms at different temperatures then control the light intensity and time accordingly. The animals are raised in running water. The induction of temperature and light can promote the production of litters, velvets, and skin-producing animals. Cycle production. Under light and temperature induction, sound and image can also be used for induction.
  • the method of raising animals by flowing water can also be used to raise polar animals.
  • the word culture room of the assembly line can be adjusted to low temperature greenhouses where Antarctic penguins are suitable for growing penguins. This can promote penguin breeding in temperate and tropical regions, and can also help Spawning breeding to shorten the breeding cycle.
  • cold storage and heat storage are built underground as described above. And the hot and cold storage is performed, and the temperature of the rearing room is adjusted by using the stored cold and heat.
  • the construction method of the extended dormant storage is as follows: First, a large cross-section long hole is dug deep in the ground and lined with concrete. The entrance of the cave is provided with multiple thermal insulation doors. The tunnel is provided with a ventilation duct and a temporary secondary transmission medium as described above. Materials, as in the previous method, use the natural cold source in winter or the cold source of the trough power station to store a large amount of cold in the storehouse, and cultivate the perennial nutrient perennial plants in the open air or in a protected field.
  • Underground storage and cold storage as described above are completed and stored in the same manner as described above.
  • Underground cold storage can be used for the crops stored in the dormant storage.
  • the cultivation methods can be cultivated in protected areas, and the crops in cold regions can be transported to open-air cultivation in warm regions. Because the precious flowers and vegetables are mostly cool crops. Cultivating cool crops in hot and cool areas in summer can make the rhizomes store more nutrients when they enter dormancy.
  • this cultivation method is also a method for the development and utilization of climatic resources in cool areas.
  • the structure and cold storage method of fresh produce, cold storage, and freezer for agricultural products are exactly the same as the aforementioned dormant storage, except that when storing in a fresh storage, the storage temperature must be the same as that of the stored fruits and vegetables. It should be below 0 ° C, and the temperature of the freezer should be lower.
  • the method of maintaining the storage temperature is to construct a matching underground cold storage, and store the natural cold source or the low-temperature power station refrigeration source in the underground cold storage. At any time, use the stored cold source to adjust the storage temperature.
  • Fruits and vegetables can be directly sent to the low-temperature fresh-keeping store under natural air environment for storage and storage, or the aforementioned carbon dioxide and nitrogen resources can be used to adjust the environment in the store to low-temperature, high carbon dioxide, high nitrogen, and low-oxygen environment for storage and storage.
  • the aforementioned oxygen-free box In the basement, use the aforementioned oxygen-free box to grow edible fungi to cultivate fungus material. After the fungus material is cultivated, the mushrooms will be transferred to the indoor, balcony or corridor of the residential house for mushroom cultivation. It is fake planted in a plastic box and sent to residents 'homes for production and cultivation; leafy vegetables or sprouts are incubated or germinated in the basement, and then cultivated in boxes and then sent to residents' homes for seedlings and cultivation. Because there are many varieties of edible fungi, the suitable temperature of the culture of the fungus is not much different, but the temperature of the mushrooms is very different, so they are different. Different seasons with different temperature of mushrooms can be used to grow mushrooms in the home.
  • the mushrooms can be cultivated in four seasons, which can not only obtain cheap and fresh edible fungi, but also have ornamental value. Since perennial crops have accumulated a lot of nutrients in the rhizomes during prolonged dormant storage, the main nutrients came from the storage of the roots of the previous year when the rest cultivation was lifted, so crops such as leeks can be produced off-season to produce quality Excellent stubble leeks. Some cool vegetables, such as scallion, need higher temperature during the seedling period, and can grow normally at low temperature after seedling. Therefore, the seedlings should be warmed underground and cultivated in the natural environment in the home cold and cold season. Fresh vegetables can be produced in the off-season.
  • the so-called underground ice and snow park is to create a place below the temperature of o ° c, and construct ice sculptures (ice lanterns), skating rinks, ice rinks and ski resorts in the place for people to enjoy the four seasons.
  • the two must-have conditions of the goal are the provision of cheap cold sources in four seasons and the good cold storage and heat insulation function of the amusement park.
  • the underground cold storage natural cold source and the trough electric refrigeration cold storage of the present invention are extremely effective in solving the cold season cold season supply; the underground soil can both store cold and heat insulation, and can effectively guarantee the cold storage and heat insulation effect of the underground park.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the facility layout of the underground sightseeing amusement park to maintain the environment below 0 ° C, where 1701 is the underground park and 1702 is the pillars in the amusement park. In order to expand the space, columns are established in the park. Concrete slabs. 1703 is a cold storage bed located in the soil around the outside of the garden wall. Its structure and function are the same as those of the underground cold storage. The cold source of the underground cold storage is transferred to the cold storage bed of the ice and snow park, so that the cold storage bed itself and the surrounding soil A large amount of cold storage plays a role in reducing and maintaining the temperature of the ice and snow park.
  • the cold storage bed can not only store the cold source of the cold storage, but also directly store the cold source in the winter or the refrigeration source of the valley power station in the bed.
  • 1704 is a cold storage hole as shown in FIG. 1
  • 1705 is a mesh hole connecting two cold storage holes as shown in 203 in FIG. 2.
  • the cold storage holes shown in 1 704 and 1 705 have the same function as the cold storage bed shown in 1703, and either or both of them can be shared.
  • 1706 is soil, and the top soil acts as a thermal insulation.
  • the soil around the cold storage bed mainly plays the role of cold storage.
  • 1707 is a foamed film thermal insulation layer.
  • the thickness of the soil cover can be appropriately reduced and the foamed film thermal insulation layer can be added.
  • the foamed thermal insulation layer needs to be covered with a large area and a large thickness to reduce external heat sources. Enter the ice and snow park and the cold source of the ice and snow park and flow to the outside world.
  • 1708 is a semi-underground multi-span foam plastic greenhouse, that is, double-layer plastic film filled with polystyrene foam pellets. The foam pellets can be discharged out of or filled into the membrane as required. In hotter seasons, it can be used for 24 hours.
  • the ice and snow park is most suitable for being built in the mountain.
  • the multi-story ice and snow park built in the mountain is constructed as follows: First, excavate a hole with a span and height smaller than the main cave and make temporary protection 1801. Later, the load-bearing pier and the beams and the partial arches 1802 and 1803 on the beams are poured with reinforced concrete in the cave. The space between the two arches on the beam can be cast with plain concrete or the medium can be embedded in the space. Prefabricated concrete pipes made of materials, used for cold storage and temperature control after construction.
  • a cold storage temperature regulating bed 1806 is provided at the bottom of the cave and outside the surrounding walls of the cave.
  • a single-hole cold storage hole as shown in Fig. 1 or a non-diamond shaped as shown in Fig. 2 can also be built in the mountain outside the park wall. It is a joint cold storage room surrounding the ice and snow park. The other facilities in the mountain snow and ice park are exactly the same as the flat ice and snow park.
  • the arched structure shown in Figure 18 can also be used when excavating flat ground and constructing an ice and snow park underground, which can increase the thickness of the soil covering on the top of the park and improve the efficiency of heat insulation.
  • the method of constructing ice sculptures and ski slopes in the ice and snow park is: First, store a large amount of cold into the soil or rocks in the ice and snow park through cold storage facilities to stabilize the temperature in the ice and snow park below 0 ° C, and then use the natural ice in winter. Or use the cold source of underground cold storage to make ice sculptures in ice and snow.
  • the salt water is used as the water source to adjust the salt content in the salt water so that its freezing point temperature is lower than the lowest temperature in the ice and snow park, so that a situation where ice water (brine water) coexists can be formed.
  • Fresh water is used as a small ice boat. Bank of China, when simulating the construction of large ships, it can be made of metal below the deck and made of fresh water ice sculpture above the deck. "Nighttime" traveling in rivers (brine) can form excellent reflections and light effects. The effect is also that: in the case of relatively high temperature (0 ° C--10 ° C) and the concentration of brine, the specific heat of the brine is very large, and a large amount of cold storage of the brine can be used to stabilize the temperature in the park.
  • a large-span cable bridge is simulated and constructed on the "River".
  • Plexiglas or transparent plastic is used as the bridge.
  • the transparent thin plastic pipe is penetrated with optical cables and thin steel wires.
  • the plastic pipe can also be used as a wire bundle for the cable bridge after freezing.
  • a freshwater ice boat rides in the water.
  • the cable is woven into a fishnet on the boat and the cable and plastic cloth are used as sails. This can achieve highly realistic and spectacular sightseeing and amusement effects.
  • the low-temperature electricity is used to obtain a cold source below -50 ° C, and the plants that are blooming or fruiting are quickly frozen. Because the fast freezing can maintain the original image, it can be directly placed in the ice and snow garden for viewing or injection.
  • the ice lamp is made into an ice lamp for viewing.
  • a trench and a track are set under the ground in the ice and snow park, and the ice and snow park track is connected with the ring-shaped cultivation room as shown in Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11.
  • the low-temperature-resistant plants are planted on the sand bed of the cultivation room, and the plants are transported to the ice and snow park for viewing by rail cars. After half a day or hours of viewing, the The plants are then exchanged with another group of plants in the ring-shaped cultivation room to ensure that the plant does not exceed the endurance period below o ° c.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the fresh plant railcars in the ice garden.
  • 1901 is a ski park
  • 1902 is a rail car
  • 1903 is a sandy soil cultivation bed set on a railcar plate
  • 1904 is a sandy soil cultivation bed.
  • the taller plants can be cold-resistant bamboo, dwarf plum trees, etc.
  • 1905 is a short crop grown on sandy surfaces, such as kale.
  • the sand bed surface is integrated with the ground design in the park, such as the road connection. Deal with the combination of the bed and the ground, and visitors can play and watch among the plants.
  • the ice and snow park Since the ice and snow park is below 0 ° C throughout the year, raising penguins in the ice and snow park can add an extremely rare viewing item to the ice and snow park.
  • firstly heat-exchange pipes are densely laid on the bottom of the site, and then the water is poured onto the site.
  • Cold air is passed in the park, and cold air is also passed in the heat exchange channels to freeze them into ice.
  • the cold source can be input at any time through the pipeline under the ice to adjust the temperature lower than the temperature in the park.
  • the snow source of the ski resort can be obtained by storing natural snow in large-capacity underground cold storage, or by using artificial snow.
  • the structure of the underground sightseeing agricultural park is the same as the ice and snow park shown in Figs. 17, 18, and 19, except that the thermal insulation standard at the top can be relatively reduced, and the heat storage and temperature regulation bed including the park wall is equivalent to that shown in Fig. 4 Standard.
  • the sightseeing landscape can be cultivated by the following two methods. One is that the tall and main plants are fixedly cultivated in the garden. The temperature in the garden is artificially adjusted according to spring, summer, autumn, and winter, and it is staggered with the above-ground season. An off-season tourist garden is formed.
  • a railcar as shown in Figure 10 is set up and connected to the ring-shaped cultivation room to provide ornamental plants at any time, such as the cultivation of tall trees such as olives, coconut trees and bamboo forests, bananas, and tung trees.
  • the tropical-type tourist garden is constructed by the middle and low-type southern plants; the northern fruit trees such as peach, plum, and apple are fixedly cultivated and the northern endemic plants are established to form the temperate tourist garden.
  • the second is to regulate the temperature of the tourist park into spring, summer, autumn, and winter parks for many years, and provide corresponding sightseeing plants to the tourist parks through the railcars connected to the ring cultivation room.
  • Peony, peach, and other spring flowering plants provide autumn landscape plants such as fruit trees and maple leaves to the autumn garden.
  • potted flowers such as tulip and chrysanthemum are directly transported to the garden for cultivation during the flowering period.
  • Vegetables and leaf crops suitable for the temperature environment of the garden are directly cultivated in different gardens.
  • Mushroom edible mushrooms are placed on a three-dimensional bed frame, or buried in the soil of the garden for mushroom cultivation for people to watch.
  • the development of underground fields and cold and heat sources can make animals produce water out of season just like the aforementioned plants, so it can promote the breeding of animals that breed once a year in four seasons.
  • the invention comprehensively develops renewable resources such as natural cold and heat, ground temperature, poor day, low valley electricity, waste heat in industrial furnace exhaust, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, domestic waste, and crop straw, and uses the above-mentioned various resources Comprehensively applied to all aspects of agricultural production, it is extremely practical.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne le développement de ressources recyclables permettant de maintenir dans les constructions souterraines le froid et la chaleur naturels au sous-sol en faisant appel aux propriétés d'isolation thermiques et de conservation thermique des couches et des roches souterraines. Ces propriétés présentent l'avantage de faciliter le recyclage de la chaleur ou du froid libéré(e) par la température terrestre, les différences entre températures maximale et minimale diurne et nocturne, les creux d'électricité, les résidus des gaz d'échappement des fourneaux industriels, le dioxyde de carbone, l'azote, les ordures ménagères et la paille cultivée. L'invention concerne aussi l'application de ses ressources dans le domaine de l'agriculture.
PCT/CN2000/000023 1999-02-04 2000-02-04 Developpement de ressources recyclables et leur application dans le domaine de l'agriculture WO2000046500A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU25321/00A AU2532100A (en) 1999-02-04 2000-02-04 Development of recyclable resources and their application in agriculture
CN00803472A CN1354822A (zh) 1999-02-04 2000-02-04 可再生资源的综合开发及其在农业生产方面的应用技术

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CN99113457.5 1999-02-04
CN99113457A CN1262030A (zh) 1999-02-04 1999-02-04 利用地温及地下贮存天然冷热的地下流水作业式生态农业
CN99108276A CN1276505A (zh) 1999-06-06 1999-06-06 天然冷热的开发及农业生产应用技术
CN99108276.1 1999-06-06
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WO2019016462A1 (fr) * 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 Storengy Procédé de conversion d'un puits de mine et procédé de stockage d'énergie thermique en utilisant de l'eau stockée dans le puits
US20230003123A1 (en) * 2021-07-02 2023-01-05 Shandong University Of Science And Technology Comprehensive utilization method and test equipment for surface water, goaf and geothermal energy in coal mining subsidence area

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CN104239663A (zh) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-24 中国科学院城市环境研究所 一种定量评价区域农林业生物质能资源开发潜力的方法

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WO2002026024A1 (fr) * 2000-08-05 2002-04-04 Haiquan Li Appareil utilisant des ressources recyclables
WO2019016462A1 (fr) * 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 Storengy Procédé de conversion d'un puits de mine et procédé de stockage d'énergie thermique en utilisant de l'eau stockée dans le puits
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US11828177B2 (en) * 2021-07-02 2023-11-28 Shandong University Of Science And Technology Comprehensive utilization method and test equipment for surface water, goaf and geothermal energy in coal mining subsidence area

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