WO2000044058A2 - Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions with an electrocatalyst - Google Patents
Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions with an electrocatalyst Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000044058A2 WO2000044058A2 PCT/GB2000/000128 GB0000128W WO0044058A2 WO 2000044058 A2 WO2000044058 A2 WO 2000044058A2 GB 0000128 W GB0000128 W GB 0000128W WO 0044058 A2 WO0044058 A2 WO 0044058A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- electrocatalyst
- cell
- electrode
- reaction
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of carrying out an electrochemical reaction in which catalytic components are used to enhance the electrochemical reaction.
- the catalysis of the reactions is generally achieved by applying one or more catalytic components directly onto the surface of the electrode at which the reaction occurs. The electrical current is then transferred to the electrolyte from the electrode via the catalyst.
- Electrochemical reactions which are generally carried out in the presence of electrocatalytic materials include the evolution of gaseous chlorine which uses ruthenium oxide as an electrocatalyst and the evolution of gaseous oxygen and hydrogen which both use platinum as an electrocatalyst. It has been found that the effectiveness of the electrocatalyst is generally improved if it is used in finely divided or colloidal form.
- the electrocatalyst forms part of the structure of one of the electrodes of the electrochemical cells.
- the electrocatalyst is available to the electrolyte to promote the electrochemical reaction, the utilization of the catalyst is limited by its essentially two dimensional nature. This presents a particular problem when the concentration of the electroactive species during the reaction is reduced to such a value that mass transport to the electrode surface at which the reaction occurs becomes current limiting.
- the present invention provides a method of carrying out an electrochemical reaction in a single cell or an array of repeating cell structures each cell with a positive chamber containing a positive electrode and an electrolyte and a negative chamber containing a negative electrode and an electrolyte, the chambers being separated one from another by an ion exchange membrane, which method comprises including in suspension in the electrolyte in the positive chamber and/or in the electrolyte in the negative chamber an electrocatalyst for the electrochemical reaction, the electrocatalyst having a particle size of up to 1 micrometre in diameter.
- Suitable electrocatalysts for electrochemical reactions include copper, nickel, iron, cobalt or molybdenum or salts of copper, nickel, iron, cobalt or molybdenum which are insoluble in the electrolyte.
- the chamber which contains the electrolyte having the electrocatalyst suspended therein contains a flow through separator which separates the electrode of the chamber and the membrane.
- the flow through separator acts to promote turbulence within the chamber and thus increases the contact of the electrocatalytic particles with the electrode.
- the flow through separator preferably has a large void volume to allow the electrolyte to flow through without a drop in pressure within the separator.
- An example of a suitable separator material which is non-conductive is a mesh of a polymeric material, for example a high density polyethylene mesh. It is particularly preferred that the separator is conductive when it also acts as a current collector, thereby facilitating the passage of current to and from the catalytic particles to the electrode.
- This reaction also actually occurs in separate but dependent oxygen and sulfur reactions, the oxygen reaction taking place at the positive electrode membrane and the sulfur reaction at the negative electrode.
- Suitable electrocatalysts for the sulfide/poly- sulfide redox reduction reaction include sulfides of Cu, Ni, Mo, Fe, Co.
- CuS may be formed as a precipitate in an electrolyte for the sulfide/poly- sulfide reduction reaction, such as Na 2 S 4 , by adding precipitated copper powder or a solution of copper sulphate to the electrolyte.
- a small flow through electrochemical cell was constructed containing two composite electrodes, each with an electrode area of 176cm 2 , formed from a mixture of 50% by weight graphite and 50% Kynar 6000LD polyvinylidene fluoride (Elf Atochem) moulded at a temperature of 210°C and a pressure of 4.5 MPa.
- the two electrodes were separated by a Nafion 115 membrane (DuPont) with an electrode gap of 3mm.
- the electrode/ membrane separation was 1.5mm on each side of the cell.
- the electrolyte circulating through the negative compartment of the cell was 1.3M Na 2 S 37 , 1M NaOH and 1M NaBr.
- the electrolyte circulating through the positive compartment of the cell was 5M NaBr.
- the current was set to 6A (34 MA cm “2 ) and the cell voltage recorded with time.
- the potentials of the electrodes on the negative side of the cell and the positive side of the cell were monitored via platinum reference electrodes.
- the initial voltage of the cell was 2.15V, with overpotential contributions of 0.075V from the electrode potential of the electrode in the positive compartment of the cell and O 00/44058
- X v frprat-anfi-trar eraiy be The voltage efficiency 30 of the cell increased from 57% to 71% by the addition of the copper powder to the electrolyte circulating through the negative chamber of the cell.
- the copper sulphate solution was pipetted dropwise into the polysulphide solution, whilst continually rotating the electrode and thereby inducing a stirring action.
- the local reaction region was seen to immediately turn black, as copper sulphide was formed, but rapidly disappearing as it was dispersed into the bulk solution. No residual black colour could be detected in solution, suspension or as precipitate suggesting that the resultant copper sulphide existed as extremely small particles.
Landscapes
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT00900702T ATE237186T1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS USING AN ELECTROCATALYST |
JP2000595393A JP2002536783A (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | How to perform an electrochemical reaction |
EP00900702A EP1145349B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions with an electrocatalyst |
CA002360969A CA2360969A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions |
DK00900702T DK1145349T3 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Process for performing electrochemical reactions |
AU30630/00A AU757006B2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions |
DE60002036T DE60002036T2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS WITH AN ELECTROCATALYST |
NO20013461A NO20013461L (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2001-07-12 | Method for performing electrochemical reactions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9901235.3 | 1999-01-20 | ||
GB9901235A GB2346006B (en) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000044058A2 true WO2000044058A2 (en) | 2000-07-27 |
WO2000044058A9 WO2000044058A9 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
WO2000044058A3 WO2000044058A3 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
Family
ID=10846200
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2000/000128 WO2000044058A2 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-01-19 | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions with an electrocatalyst |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1145349B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002536783A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE237186T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU757006B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2360969A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60002036T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1145349T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2346006B (en) |
NO (1) | NO20013461L (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000044058A2 (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003083967A2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-09 | Regenesys Technologies Limited | An electrode for the reduction of polysulfide species |
US9614231B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-04-04 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | High energy density redox flow device |
US9786944B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-10-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US9831518B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-11-28 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US9831519B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-11-28 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US11608486B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2023-03-21 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell growth with mechanical stimuli |
US11613727B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-03-28 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11624046B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-11 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11629332B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11634677B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2023-04-25 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Coating a bioreactor in a cell expansion system |
US11667876B2 (en) | 2013-11-16 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Expanding cells in a bioreactor |
US11667881B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Scheduled feed |
US11685883B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2023-06-27 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Methods and systems for coating a cell growth surface |
US11795432B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2023-10-24 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Passive replacement of media |
US11909077B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2024-02-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US11965175B2 (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2024-04-23 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US12043823B2 (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2024-07-23 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell capture and expansion |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3213956B1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2021-12-29 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Energy storage device |
FR2944031B1 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2013-06-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL WITH ELECTROLYTE FLOW COMPRISING THROUGH ELECTRODES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE |
WO2010118060A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-10-14 | A123 Systems, Inc. | Fuel system using redox flow battery |
US9484569B2 (en) | 2012-06-13 | 2016-11-01 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Electrochemical slurry compositions and methods for preparing the same |
WO2017124098A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for infusion mixing a slurry-based electrode |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0518407A2 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-16 | Stork Screens B.V. | Metal suspension half-cell for an accumulator, method for operating such a half-cell and metal suspension accumulator comprising such a half-cell |
DE4119839A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-17 | Arnold Gallien | Electrolysis cell used e.g. for removal of metals from waste water - contains at least one fluidised electrode of suspended fine particles biased towards current distributor |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR950383A (en) * | 1940-03-08 | 1949-09-26 | United Shoe Machinery Ab | Machine for inking the runners of soles, or other articles |
-
1999
- 1999-01-20 GB GB9901235A patent/GB2346006B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-19 CA CA002360969A patent/CA2360969A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-19 AT AT00900702T patent/ATE237186T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-19 DE DE60002036T patent/DE60002036T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-19 JP JP2000595393A patent/JP2002536783A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-01-19 EP EP00900702A patent/EP1145349B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-19 DK DK00900702T patent/DK1145349T3/en active
- 2000-01-19 AU AU30630/00A patent/AU757006B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-01-19 WO PCT/GB2000/000128 patent/WO2000044058A2/en active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-07-12 NO NO20013461A patent/NO20013461L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0518407A2 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-16 | Stork Screens B.V. | Metal suspension half-cell for an accumulator, method for operating such a half-cell and metal suspension accumulator comprising such a half-cell |
DE4119839A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-17 | Arnold Gallien | Electrolysis cell used e.g. for removal of metals from waste water - contains at least one fluidised electrode of suspended fine particles biased towards current distributor |
Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003083967A3 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2004-10-28 | Regenesys Tech Ltd | An electrode for the reduction of polysulfide species |
CN1312802C (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2007-04-25 | 里珍西斯技术有限公司 | An electrode for the reduction of polysulfide species |
WO2003083967A2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-09 | Regenesys Technologies Limited | An electrode for the reduction of polysulfide species |
US11342567B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2022-05-24 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US9614231B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-04-04 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | High energy density redox flow device |
US9786944B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-10-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US11909077B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2024-02-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
US10236518B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2019-03-19 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | High energy density redox flow device |
US11746319B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-09-05 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Customizable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11613727B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-03-28 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11773363B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-10-03 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US10483582B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2019-11-19 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US9831518B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-11-28 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US11811119B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2023-11-07 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US11018365B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2021-05-25 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US9831519B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-11-28 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
US11708554B2 (en) | 2013-11-16 | 2023-07-25 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Expanding cells in a bioreactor |
US11667876B2 (en) | 2013-11-16 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Expanding cells in a bioreactor |
US11795432B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2023-10-24 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Passive replacement of media |
US11667881B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Scheduled feed |
US12065637B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2024-08-20 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Scheduled feed |
US11608486B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2023-03-21 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell growth with mechanical stimuli |
US11965175B2 (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2024-04-23 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11685883B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2023-06-27 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Methods and systems for coating a cell growth surface |
US11999929B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2024-06-04 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Methods and systems for coating a cell growth surface |
US11634677B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2023-04-25 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Coating a bioreactor in a cell expansion system |
US12077739B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2024-09-03 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Coating a bioreactor in a cell expansion system |
US11629332B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11702634B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-07-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Expanding cells in a bioreactor |
US11624046B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-11 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US12043823B2 (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2024-07-23 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell capture and expansion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1145349A2 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
CA2360969A1 (en) | 2000-07-27 |
GB2346006A (en) | 2000-07-26 |
WO2000044058A9 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
NO20013461L (en) | 2001-09-13 |
JP2002536783A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
EP1145349B1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
GB9901235D0 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
GB2346006B (en) | 2001-01-31 |
DE60002036T2 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
NO20013461D0 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
AU757006B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
DE60002036D1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
AU3063000A (en) | 2000-08-07 |
WO2000044058A3 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
DK1145349T3 (en) | 2003-07-21 |
ATE237186T1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1145349B1 (en) | Method of carrying out electrochemical reactions with an electrocatalyst | |
US4341847A (en) | Electrochemical zinc-oxygen cell | |
US20040053132A1 (en) | Improved fuel for a zinc-based fuel cell and regeneration thereof | |
US4524114A (en) | Bifunctional air electrode | |
EP0664930B1 (en) | Electrochemical apparatus for power delivery utilizing an air electrode | |
US3377265A (en) | Electrochemical electrode | |
US4311568A (en) | Anode for reducing oxygen generation in the electrolysis of hydrogen chloride | |
CN109950561B (en) | Preparation method of zinc-air battery catalyst made of carbon-nitrogen-based iron material | |
US11552301B2 (en) | Negative electrode for metal-air battery | |
KR20010101692A (en) | Catalytic air cathode for air-metal batteries | |
EP1977475A1 (en) | Bifunctional air electrode | |
GB2030349A (en) | Process and Accumulator, for Storing and Releasing Electrical Energy | |
EP2824745A1 (en) | Rechargeable zinc-air flow battery | |
CN110534847B (en) | Rechargeable aluminum-air battery and preparation method thereof | |
CN1231349A (en) | Catalysts for gas diffusion electrodes | |
EP3427324B1 (en) | Electrode solutions and electrochemical cells and batteries therefrom | |
Lee et al. | Parametric study to optimize proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells | |
JP6599991B2 (en) | POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE, ELECTROCHEMICAL AND FLOW CELL CONTAINING THE SAME, METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE, AND ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION FOR FLOW Batteries | |
GB2169001A (en) | Gas depolarized cathode | |
CA1077559A (en) | Electrochemical generator with passivated electron collector | |
Dyer | Improved nickel anodes for industrial water electrolyzers | |
US3770508A (en) | Cathodic activation of gas diffusion electrodes | |
US20230013895A1 (en) | In situ catalyst deposition and utilization | |
CN108376813B (en) | Method for prolonging service time of electrolyte of metal air fuel cell | |
US4068044A (en) | Method for mechanically recharging, refueling a metal halide energy system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2360969 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2360969 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 30630/00 Country of ref document: AU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 2000 595393 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
COP | Corrected version of pamphlet |
Free format text: PAGES 7 AND 8, DESCRIPTION, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 7 AND 8; AFTER RECTIFICATION OF OBVIOUS ERRORS ASAUTHORIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL SEARCHING AUTHORITY |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2000900702 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2000900702 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2000900702 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 30630/00 Country of ref document: AU |