WO2000003083A1 - A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters - Google Patents
A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000003083A1 WO2000003083A1 PCT/FI1999/000624 FI9900624W WO0003083A1 WO 2000003083 A1 WO2000003083 A1 WO 2000003083A1 FI 9900624 W FI9900624 W FI 9900624W WO 0003083 A1 WO0003083 A1 WO 0003083A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- process water
- concentrated
- water
- viscosity
- enzyme preparation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 title description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 108010055059 beta-Mannosidase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 102100032487 Beta-mannosidase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 61
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001236817 Paecilomyces <Clavicipitaceae> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000222640 Polyporus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001085826 Sporotrichum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001494489 Thielavia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001646063 Tyromyces Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 41
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000499912 Trichoderma reesei Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010091371 endoglucanase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010091384 endoglucanase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000189 Arabinogalactan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002324 Galactoglucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019312 arabinogalactan Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229930013686 lignan Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000005692 lignans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000009408 lignans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 108020004410 pectinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012261 resinous substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JNIQBPHJIAOMQU-FSIIMWSLSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5r)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxoheptanoic acid Chemical group CC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O JNIQBPHJIAOMQU-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[6-[(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-3,5-diol Chemical compound OC1C(OC)C(O)COC1OCC1C(O)C(OC)C(O)C(OC2C(C(CO)OC(C)C2O)O)O1 SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001904 Arabinogalactan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001091385 Homo sapiens Kallikrein-6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100034866 Kallikrein-6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-RSJOWCBRSA-N aldehydo-D-galacturonic acid Chemical group O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-RSJOWCBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012223 aqueous fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.g. Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003262 industrial enzyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
- D21C11/0021—Introduction of various effluents, e.g. waste waters, into the pulping, recovery and regeneration cycle (closed-cycle)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/26—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
- C02F2103/28—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process according to the preamble of claim 1 for concentrating the fibre derived dissolved and colloidal substances of recyclable process waters that come from mechanical pulping.
- DCS fibre derived dissolved and colloidal substances
- a consid- erably larger amount of DCS is dissolved from refiner mechanical pulp than from ground- wood, but the composition of the DCS in each is almost the same. 2 to 5% of wood material is released into the process water in mechanical pulping and the subsequent stages of treatment. Because there are no significant chemical changes, the same organic substances are found in the process water as in wood. More than 40% of the DCS released from unbleached spruce TMP are carbohydrates.
- lipophilic extracts (14%o), water- soluble lignans (7%), and low molecular weight acids (2%) are released.
- the rest consists of, among others, lignin, bark derived phenols, proteins, colloidal fibre fines, and inorganic salts.
- the majority of carbohydrates dissolved from unbleached spruce TMP consists of acetylated galactoglucomannans (60%).
- smaller amounts of arabinogalactanes 11%)
- arabinoglucuronoxylans 2%
- pectins 2%) are dissolved.
- production lines are generally integrated with paper manufacture that uses, as process water, a water fraction that contains dissolved components and is obtained from the mechanical grinding process.
- process water a water fraction that contains dissolved components and is obtained from the mechanical grinding process.
- the dis- solved components are not removed but they are recycled in the process water circulation.
- Part of the DCS are removed from the process along with the paper, but part remains in the circulation water. In that case, they can react with paper chemicals and cause technical problems.
- water circulation is closed, various DCS are enriched into the water in various ways. The substances with lowest solubility and those that are adsorbed by fibres the easiest are removed along with the paper.
- the proportion of lignin and lipophilic extracts in the total amount of DCS decreases when the DCS level of the circu- lating water increases, but the proportional part of carbohydrates, instead, increases.
- process water can reduce the runnability of the paper machine or increase the organic loading of the process, whereby external purification is needed.
- Such methods of purification include evaporation, deposition, clarification, flotation or some filtration methods.
- the pure water obtained from concentration can be returned to circulation. Evaporation is a common method in the pulp industry but not so much in paper processes yet.
- the treatment of process water containing polymeric carbohydrates by concentration is difficult because of colloidal substances and viscous proper- ties.
- FI patent publication 85 041 suggests decomposition of ingredients dissolved or dispersed from paper pulp, with the aid of enzymes, by particularly adding enzymes that break down hemicellulose to the water circulation of a paper machine. The purpose was to improve infiltration from the pulp track formed on the wire and to improve the retention of fibres.
- FI patent publication 954377 describes the use of enzymes, e.g., hemicellulases, in detaching compounds derived from wood or coating which adhere to a moving member of the paper machine.
- FI patent publication 90 670 relates to hydrolyzing with pectinase the detrimental pectin dissolved from pulp during alkali treatment or peroxide bleaching, whereby the need to add cationic polymers is decreased.
- US patent publication 5,415,735 suggests treatment of the glucomannans of the DCS by esterases to redeposit the gluco- mannans on the surface of the fibres and to reduce the concentration of dissolved substances.
- FI patent publication 93 230 deals with depositing resinous substances onto a fibre by hydrolyzing with hemicellulases the carbohydrates that are on top of colloidal pitch droplets in the process water, whereby the stability of the pitch droplets deteriorates and the resinous substances are deposited onto the surface of the fibres.
- none of the publications mentioned above tries to solve the problem with concentration of the process waters derived from pulping.
- the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of known technology and to provide a new kind of method to enhance the concentration of DCS in the process waters derived from mechanical pulping.
- the concentration of DCS can be enhanced by using enzymes, whereby a greater amount of recyclable water can be separated from the concentrate.
- the circulation water coming to the paper machine contains a smaller amount of detrimental substances.
- the purpose of the invention in particular is to decrease the amount of waste water from pulping processes and paper machine circulation waters.
- the invention provides considerable advantages. Therefore, it is possible to modify the DCS of process water by using enzymatic methods so that the process water can be concentrated by, for example, evaporating it into a high dry content without an increase in the viscosity of the process water, and the majority of the process water can be returned to circulation as pure water.
- the dry content of the concentrate is preferably more than 60%. Because of the reduction in the volume of the concentrate, it is easier to process further.
- the concentrate can be burned or taken to a dumping area.
- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic presentation of the viscosity of TMP water as a function of a mannanase dosage. The effect of mannanase (50, 200, and 500 nkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150 rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic presentation of the viscosity of TMP water as a function of a dosage of an endoglucanase I preparation.
- the effect of endoglucanase (EG I) (10, 50, 200, and 500nkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 3 is a corresponding representation of the effect of an endoglucanase II preparation on the viscosity of TMP water.
- the effect of endoglucanase (EG II) (50, 200, and 500nkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 4 shows the viscosity of TMP water as a function of a dosage of a commercial endoglucanase preparation.
- endoglucanase (Econase) (20 and lOOnkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm)
- Fig. 5 shows the effect of pectinase on viscosity.
- pectinase (Pectinex Ultra) (50 and lOOnkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 6 shows the effect of pectinase and pectinmethyl esterase on viscosity.
- the effect of pectinase and pectinmethyl esterase (200 and 500nkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 7 shows the effect of xylanase on viscosity.
- the effect of pure xylanase (lOOOnkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- Fig. 8 shows the effect of lipase on viscosity.
- the effect of lipase (Resinase, Novo) 1000 and 5000nkat/g, 2h, 30°C, 150rpm) on the viscosity of the TMP concentrate is shown at various rotation velocities.
- the carbohydrates that have dissolved into the process water from the wood consist of various hemicellulose compounds with molecular mass distributions within 3000 -
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to modify the DCS in the process water by using enzymatic methods so that the viscosity of the concentrated process water is reduced.
- process water is treated with enzymes which have an effect on carbohydrates and which break down carbohydrate polymers so that their molecular weight is reduced.
- the released low-molecule water-soluble oligosaccharides no longer form viscose solutions.
- the enzymes that cause the desired effect are depolymerizing.
- Man- nanases and endoglucanases are particularly preferred hydrolytic enzymes in this invention.
- enzymes are added in connection with concen tr ation at either one or more stages before or during concentration. Due to the decrease in tsity, concentration can be continued to attain a higher dry content than without en- zyme treatment. Without enzyme treatment, process water can be concentrated to a dry content of about 40 to 50% maximum. By adding enzymes, concentration can be continued until burning the concentrate is economically profitable. According to the invention, the concentrate can be evaporated to a dry content of more than 40%>, preferably more than 45%o, more preferably more than 50%, and most preferably more than 60%>.
- process water refers to the process water used in mechanical or chemi-mechanical pulping, containing carbohydrates dissolved from the pulp.
- Mechanical and chemi-mechanical pulping includes, for example, refiner mechanical pulping (RMP), pressurized refiner mechanical pulping (PRMP), thermomechanical pulping (TMP), groundwood (GW) pulping, pressurized groundwood (PWG) pulping, and chemi- thermomechanical pulping (CTMP).
- RMP refiner mechanical pulping
- PRMP pressurized refiner mechanical pulping
- TMP thermomechanical pulping
- GW groundwood
- PWG pressurized groundwood pulping
- CMP chemi- thermomechanical pulping
- the invention can be applied to the circulation waters of high yield chemical pulp, such as kraftliner.
- Process water comprises the internal circulation of a mechanical or a chemi-mechanical pulping process.
- such circulation can be obtained from the "brown water” obtained in connection with the water elimination of refined pulp.
- the process water to be treated comprises waste water formed by the processes that increase the dry content of the raw material, the waste water having been obtained by, for example, applying pressure or by filtering or precipitating.
- the process water can also come from the washing phase of refined pulp.
- the process according to the invention can be used to treat concentrated or unconcentrated process water by enzymes that influence carbohydrates.
- mannanases and endoglucanases worked extremely well in the process according to the invention.
- pectinase, xylanase or lipase did not cause a decrease in viscosity.
- Enzyme preparations containing "mannanase and/or endoglucanase” refer to enzyme preparations containing enough mannanase and/or endoglucanase enzyme to reduce the viscosity of concentrated process water or to prevent the increase in viscosity when concentrating process water.
- process water has first been concentrated to a dry content of more than 30%o.
- the viscosity of concentrated process water can be reduced to one third, preferably to one fourth or as low as one tenth of the original viscosity of the concentrate.
- the amount of enzymes that is required to lower the viscosity of the concentrate or to prevent the increase in viscosity when process water is further concentrated corresponds, when counted as mannanase or endoglucanase activity, to 1-100000 nkat, preferably 20-1000 nkat/g, most preferably to 50-100 nkat/g of dry matter.
- By using the said amounts of enzyme it is possible to prevent the increase in the viscosity of the concentrate to a dry content of 40-60%, preferably more than 60%, more preferably 60-70% or even higher, when concentrating process water.
- the enzymes that hydrolyze hemicellulose and/or cellulose: mannanase and endoglucanase can come from any micro-organisms capable of producing these enzymes, such as mould fungi, particularly the fungus genera of Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Pae- cilomyces, Sclerotium, Sporotrichum, Thielavia, Polyporus, Tyromyces or bacteria, such as Bacillus or Streptomyces .
- mould fungi particularly the fungus genera of Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Pae- cilomyces, Sclerotium, Sporotrichum, Thielavia, Polyporus, Tyromyces or bacteria, such as Bacillus or Streptomyces .
- the invention is neither limited to these enzyme sources nor any certain isolation method, but the enzymes can also be obtained by other means.
- the "enzyme preparation” in this application refers to an enzyme product that is, according to the invention, capable of preventing an increase in viscosity when process water is con c entrated or causes a decrease in the viscosity of concentrated process water, when previ- ' concentrated process water is treated.
- the term “enzyme preparation” in this application further refers to any product that contains at least one enzyme. Therefore, the enzyme preparation can be, for example, a cultured solution containing an enzyme or enzymes, an isolated enzyme or a mixture of two or more enzymes.
- "Mannanase” or "a mannanase enzyme preparation” or “endoglucanase” or “an endoglucanase preparation” refers to an enzyme preparation containing either one of the above-mentioned enzymes.
- mannanase or endoglucanase by strains that have been genetically improved to produce these proteins in particular, or by other genetically improved host organisms to which the genes that code these proteins have been transferred.
- the genes of a desired protein have been cloned, the protein or part of it can be produced in a desired host organism.
- the desired host can be Trichoderma, preferably T. reesei mould, a yeast, another mould, such as one from the Aspergillus genus, a bacterium or any other micro-organism which has genetics that are sufficiently well known.
- the mannanase or endoglucanase preparation can be the cultured solution of a genetically improved production strain or an enzyme preparation that is taken from it by purifying.
- mannanase and endoglucanase enzyme preparations are also available commercially, for example, the ECONASE enzyme preparations (Rohm Enzyme Finland Oy, Nurmi- jarvi).
- Process water is treated with mannanase and/or endoglucanase enzymes at a temperature of 20-90°C, preferably 30-60°C.
- the treatment time is 10 min to 24 hours, preferably 0.5-2 hours.
- Treatment of process water is carried out in a pH of 5-8 and, generally, the pH does not need to be adjusted.
- thermomechanical pulping (TMP) of softwood was as follows:
- composition of the carbohydrate fraction was as follows: Xylan 0.8% of dry matter
- the dry content of TMP water concentrated by evaporation was 37% and the pH 5.8.
- the concentrate was treated with mannanase produced by the Trichoderma reesei mould (RUT-C-30) by using an enzyme dosage of 50-500nkat/g per dry matter of the concentrate by slightly agitating (150rpm) at 30°C for 2 hours.
- a reference sample was incubated without the enzyme. After incubation, the viscosity was immediately measured with a Bohlin Visco 88 BV viscosimeter (Bohlin Reologi AB, Sweden) at various rotation velocities.
- the volume of the sample was 17ml and the measuring head of the device C30. The measuring temperature varied within 23.4 - 24.5°C.
- the smallest enzyme dosage 50nkat/g, the viscosity decreased to less than half of the original, and on a dosage of 200nkat/g to one fifth (25 M Pas) (Fig. 1).
- TMP concentrate was treated with an endoglucanase I preparation (EG I) produced by the Trichoderma reesei mould.
- EG I was efficient in reducing the viscosity. As small an amount as 50nkat/g of endoglucanase reduced the vis- cosity to one fourth (29 M Pas) (Fig. 2).
- TMP concentrate was treated with an endoglucanase II preparation (EG II) produced by the Trichoderma reesei mould.
- EG II endoglucanase II preparation
- Fig 3 reduction in viscosity
- TMP concentrate was treated with a commercial industrial enzyme (Econase CE, Rohm Enzyme Finland Oy, Nurmijarvi) suitable for breaking down cellulose and hemicellulose. Because Econase contained endoglucanase and mannanase, the viscosity of the concentrate was reduced to one fourth with even a small amount of enzyme (lOOnkat/g), as counted according to endoglucanase activity (Fig. 4).
- Econase CE Rohm Enzyme Finland Oy, Nurmijarvi
- Example 6 eatment of concentrated TMP water with industrial pectinase enzyme
- TMP concentrate was treated with a commercial pectinase preparation (Pectinex Ultra SP-L, Novo) which, in addition to endopolygalacturonase, also contained endoglucanase and mannanase.
- the enzyme dosage (lOOnkat/g), as counted on the basis of endopolygalacturonase activity decreased the viscosity of the concentrate to nearly a third (Fig. 5).
- TMP concentrate was treated with a mixture of endo- polygalacturonase (MegaZyme) that had been isolated from the Aspergillus niger mould and purified and pectinmethylic esterase (P 5400, Sigma), the mixture breaking pectin down into smaller oligosaccharides.
- Endo- polygalacturonase MegaZyme
- P 5400 purified and pectinmethylic esterase
- TMP concentrate was treated with xylanase that had been isolated from the Trichoderma reesei mould and purified, and that decomposes xylan into smaller oligosaccharides. Pure xylanase had no effect on the viscosity of TMP water; therefore, xylan is not a compound that increases the viscosity of this process water (Fig. 7).
- TMP concentrate was treated with commercial lipase (Resinase A, Novo) that decomposes the triglycerides contained by extracts into free fatty acids and glycerol.
- the lipase had no effect on the viscosity of TMP water; therefore, the triglycerides of the extracts are not compounds that increase the viscosity of this process • ner (Fig. 8).
- Example 10
- Untreated TMP process water and TPM process water that had been pre-treated with mannanase and endoglucanase were concentrated into various dry contents. Water treated with an enzyme could be concentrated into higher dry contents than untreated water. The viscosity of the enzyme-treated water did not increase to a level that impedes concentration.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/743,635 US6425975B1 (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters |
CA002337411A CA2337411A1 (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters |
AU50434/99A AU5043499A (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters |
EP99934768A EP1099020A1 (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI981602A FI105833B (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1998-07-13 | A method for concentrating process water LK substances |
FI981602 | 1998-07-13 |
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WO2000003083A1 true WO2000003083A1 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
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PCT/FI1999/000624 WO2000003083A1 (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | A process for concentrating soluble and colloidal substances in process waters |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US6425975B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1099020A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5043499A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2337411A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI105833B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000003083A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2013135957A3 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-11-14 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | A method and a system for treating liquid flows at a chemical pulp mill |
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WO2004101889A2 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-25 | Novozymes North America, Inc. | Use of hemicellulase composition in mechanical pulp production |
US7308517B1 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2007-12-11 | Apple Inc. | Gap count analysis for a high speed serialized bus |
WO2006061018A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-15 | Novozymes A/S | Use of carbohydrate oxidase for sediment control |
SE0950534A1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-10-12 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method for producing microfibrillar cellulose |
SE0950535A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-10-12 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method for producing microfibrillar cellulose |
BR112013029110B1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2021-07-27 | Stora Enso Oyj | PROCESS TO DEHYDRATE A SLUDGE INCLUDING MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4000558A1 (en) * | 1989-01-16 | 1990-07-19 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Paper-making with application of pulp suspension to a sieve wire - with addn. of enzyme to recirculation water passing through wire to cleave deleterious dissolved substances such as hemicellulose |
WO1992016687A1 (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-10-01 | Genencor International Europe Oy | A method for reducing pitch trouble in mechanical pulp |
US5246542A (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-09-21 | Fosberg Theodore M | Evaporation and recovery process for bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP) effluent |
US5415735A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1995-05-16 | Metsa-Serla Oy | Recovery of organic substances dissolved in mechanical pulp |
Family Cites Families (1)
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NL7711211A (en) * | 1977-10-12 | 1979-04-18 | Naarden International Nv | PROCESS FOR THE ENZYMATIC TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER FROM WHEAT STARCH MILLS. |
-
1998
- 1998-07-13 FI FI981602A patent/FI105833B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-07-13 WO PCT/FI1999/000624 patent/WO2000003083A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-13 US US09/743,635 patent/US6425975B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-13 CA CA002337411A patent/CA2337411A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-13 EP EP99934768A patent/EP1099020A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-13 AU AU50434/99A patent/AU5043499A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4000558A1 (en) * | 1989-01-16 | 1990-07-19 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Paper-making with application of pulp suspension to a sieve wire - with addn. of enzyme to recirculation water passing through wire to cleave deleterious dissolved substances such as hemicellulose |
WO1992016687A1 (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-10-01 | Genencor International Europe Oy | A method for reducing pitch trouble in mechanical pulp |
US5246542A (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-09-21 | Fosberg Theodore M | Evaporation and recovery process for bleached chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP) effluent |
US5415735A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1995-05-16 | Metsa-Serla Oy | Recovery of organic substances dissolved in mechanical pulp |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013135957A3 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-11-14 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | A method and a system for treating liquid flows at a chemical pulp mill |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FI981602A0 (en) | 1998-07-13 |
CA2337411A1 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
FI105833B (en) | 2000-10-13 |
AU5043499A (en) | 2000-02-01 |
US6425975B1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
FI981602A (en) | 2000-01-14 |
EP1099020A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
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