WO1999063462A1

WO1999063462A1 - Method and apparatus for predicting and improving patient compliance with medical treatment

Info

Publication number: WO1999063462A1
Application number: PCT/US1999/012222
Authority: WO
Inventors: Russell P. Hall, Iii; Seth M. Powsner; Allan Ray Showalter; Richard Alan Spitzer
Original assignee: Paretoscope, Inc.
Priority date: 1998-06-03
Filing date: 1999-06-02
Publication date: 1999-12-09
Also published as: AU4327699A

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for predicting and improving patient compliance with a course of medical treatment call for inputting data about the patient (201) and, optionally, about the health care provider (203), the condition diagnosis/prognosis (215), and the treatment recommendation (217). From this data, the patient's attitude or amenability to treatment can be determined, as can the health care provider's attitude and/or ability to induce compliance with a course of treatment. Moreover, methods and apparatus according to the invention can estimate the likelihood of patient compliance with a specific course of treatment or can generate a suggested program of treatment likely to have an increased probability of patient compliance.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREDICTING AND IMPROVING PATIENT COMPLIANCE WITH MEDICAL TREATMENT

Reference to Related Applications

This application is a continuation of copending United States Provisional Patent Application No.60/087,847, filed June 3, 1998, the teachings of which application, including the appendices filed therewith, are incorporated by reference herein.

Reference to Appendices

The disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright and/or mask work protection. The owner thereof has no objection to facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright and/or mask work rights whatsoever.

Background of the Invention

This invention relates to medical therapies and. more particularly, to apparatus and methods for predicting and improving patient compliance with prescribed medical treatments. This invention, which may be used in individual patient treatment as well as group medical care, has application in all fields of medicine, including but not limited to, internal medicine, psychiatry, surgery, obstetrics, pediatrics, and other medical specialties.

In general, medical treatments require patient adherence to a course of action over a period of time. Treatment of hypertension, for example, usually requires taking one or two pills a day and avoiding salty foods. Illnesses as diverse as heart disease, diabetes, advanced arthritis, manic depressive illness, and schizophrenia involve daily medications. Treatment of low back pain may involve specific exercises over a long period of time. However, even proven cures will fail, if patients do not take them. Cost with no benefit results when patients purchase medications, surgical appliances, or exercise equipment only to leave them in a closet.

Current approaches to improving patient compliance focus on making treatment less onerous for patients and informing and educating patients. Steps to make treatments less onerous include prescribing fewer medications, prescribing medications with fewer side-effects (or side-effects less troubling to a specific patient), prescribing medication according to regimes that reduce the number of times a day the medication must be ingested, and prescribing medication according to regimes that reduce the number of pills that must be ingested each day. Steps to make patients better informed include reviewing medication schedules with patients, reviewing side- effects with patients, reviewing basic medical facts and prognostic information with patients, and providing informational brochures, video tapes or instructional software which allow patients to learn about their illness and their treatments on their own.

Other approaches to improving patient compliance involve automatic reminders for patients. Wrist watches can beep when it is time to take another pill. Somewhat larger timers play back a family member's voice as a reminder. Medication alarm clocks can flash a light to alert patients with hearing loss. Special pill boxes and charts help organize medications. Automated medication dispensers assure the right pills at the right time, and safeguard against overuse of medicine.

More direct, and more expensive approaches to enhance patient compliance involve incentive payments or monitoring. The goal of eradicating tuberculosis has required public health officials, under some circumstances, to employ medical personnel to visit patients daily to directly observe them taking their medication. Pagers with signal-back capability can both deliver a reminder to a patient and accept an acknowledgment from the patient: a form of monitoring without actual visits.

Indirect monitoring has been attempted by reviewing pill bottle openings, prescription refills, and physician or hospital visits. These approaches tend to be expensive, e.g., requiring electronic pill bottle tops which signal a central office whenever the bottle is opened, or slow, e.g., detecting failure to refill a one month prescription only after a week into the second month of treatment. While these techniques do focus attention on patients whose treatment is not going as planned, they are vulnerable to false negative readings: a pill bottle opening does not necessarily mean that the correct number of pills were taken.

In the foregoing regards, reference may be made to:

R Brian Hynes, M.D., K Ann McKibbon, & Ronak Kanani,

"Systematic review of randomized trials of interventions to assist patients to follow prescriptions for medications," Lancet volume 348. pages 383-386, August 10, 1996

Chris Butler, M.B., Ch.B., M.R.C.G.P., Stephen Rollnick, Ph.D., &

Nigel Stott, M.D., Ch.B., F.R.C.G.P, F.R.C.P., "The practitioner, the patient and resistance to change: recent ideas on compliance," Canadian Medical Association Journal volume 154, pages 1357-1362, May 1, 1996

Alan Stoudemire. M.D., & Troy Thompson, M.D., "Medication Noncompliance: Systematic Approaches to Evaluation & Intervention,^" General Hospital Psychiatry, volume 5, pages 223-239, 1983

Nancy Houston Miller, R.N., Martha Hill, Ph.D., R.N., Thomas Kottke,

M.D., Ira S. Ockene, M.D., "The Multilevel Compliance Challenge: Recommendations for a Call to Action," Circulation, volume 95, pages 1085-1090, February 18, 1997.

Joyce Cramer & Bert Spilker, Ph.D, M.D. eds, Patient Compliance in

Medical Practice and Clinical Trials. Raven Press, New York, 1991 Donald Meichenbaum & Dennis C Turk, Facilitating Treatment Adherence. Plenum Press, New York, 1987

Jack E Fincham, Ph.D., ed, Advancing Prescription Medicine Compliance, Haworth Press, Inc., New York, 1995.

Current approaches to improving medication compliance tend to use one strategy for all patients: individual characteristics are not taken into account. It is up to the treating physician to select among the various approaches. Unfortunately, physicians have proven incapable of accurately predicting which patients will comply with prescribed treatment and which ones will not. Worse, physicians are usually unaware of their inability to predict. Other commonly accepted factors for compliance prediction, such as severity of illness and cost of medication, are now also known to be inaccurate. Nor is compliance accurately predicted by socioeconomic class or cultural background.

The current approaches also assume that patients trust their physicians' recommendations and that patients want to comply with those recommendations (or, at least, believe they would be better off, if they did comply with the recommendations). These approaches further assume that patients react in a reasonably positive manner to their physicians or health care providers. Failure to comply is thus assumed to represent inability, ignorance, or inattention.

An object of this invention, accordingly, is to provide improved methods and apparatus for predicting and improving patient compliance with prescribed medical treatments. More particularly, an object of the invention is to provide such methods and apparatus as take into account characteristics of individual patients in selecting and presenting treatment recommendations in fashions that increase the likelihood those treatments will be followed to completion.

A further object of this invention is to provide such methods and apparatus as take into account the practices and preferences of individual physicians and other health care providers, in concert with patient characteristics, in selecting and presenting such recommendations.

Yet still another object of the invention is to provide such methods and apparatus as are amenable to automation.

Summary of the Invention

The aforementioned and other objects are attained by the invention, which provides methods and apparatus for predicting and improving patient compliance with a course of medical treatment. Thus, in one aspect, there is provided a method of predicting and/or improving compliance by inputting data about the patient and. optionally, about the health care provider, the condition diagnosis/prognosis, and the treatment recommendation. From this data, the method determines the patient's attitude or amenability to treatment. The method can also determine the health care provider's attitude, or ability to induce compliance with a course of treatment. The method generates, from the input data and corresponding determinations, an estimation of likelihood of patient compliance with a recommended treatment. Alternatively, or in addition, the method can generate a suggested style or program of treatment likely to have an increased probability of patient compliance.

Further aspects of the invention provide methods as described above in which the patient's attitude is determined based on his or her degree of agreement with statements selected on the basis of population survey techniques and, more particularly, for example, on the basis of segmentation process techniques. One aspect of the invention accordingly calls for finding the degree of patient agreement with one or more of the statements:

I'm almost always satisfied with the medical treatment I receive

There are a lot of health care people that you can't trust Doctors sometimes seem to make decisions before I finish explaining my problems or asking all my questions

I know people who do not exactly follow the doctor^'s advice and they seem to do just fine

I never know what questions to ask when I go to the doctor with a problem

I try to keep up with current medical information whether I have a problem or not

I've read or heard about new health care treatments that my doctor did not know about

When I get sick or have a serious problem. I do my own research about the illness and treatments

I feel I personally know enough about some medical problems and treatments that I feel comfortable giving advice about them

The costs I pay for health care are reasonable

There is so much information about what is healthy and what is not that it is impossible to make sense of it

I often seek advice from other people

I'm a patient person

I don't like to make long term plans

The quality of many products has gone down I feel comfortable using the newest technologies

I am very good about planning things in order to keep my appointments

You really do not have much control over what happens to you in life like an illness, it's just a matter of fate or luck

I am pretty good about following healthy eating habits

I wear seatbelts as a driver and as a passenger in a car or truck all the time

Still further aspects of the invention provide apparatus, such as general or special-purpose computers, operating in accord with the methods described above. One such aspect provides, for example, an apparatus that includes an element for inputting patient data, an element for inputting health care provider data (e.g., physician data, medical staff data and health care organization data), diagnosis- prognosis data and treatment recommendation data. Each of these inputs has identifier components, e.g., individual patient and physician and group identifiers, as well as quantitative values, e.g., patient age. The inputs may also have temporal values, e.g., time the quantitative values were measured. An observer identifier may also be provided if the corresponding data is not obtained directly from subject.

A patient signal merging element identifies missing or corrupted inputs for individual patients. This can be based, for example, on group data values. Likewise, a provider signal merging element identifies missing or corrupted input for individual health care providers, again, based on provider group values. A diagnosis-prognosis merging element and a treatment recommendation merging element identify missing or corrupted data in corresponding fashion.

An apparatus according to this aspect of the invention can also include a patient attitude estimating element that analyzes the output from the patient signal merging element. A provider style estimating element likewise analyzes the output from the provider signal merging element. The attitude and style estimating elements feed their output into a treatment recommendation matcher which also accepts outputs from diagnosis-prognosis and treatment merging elements.

The treatment recommendation matcher generates outputs including, but not limited to, estimations of the probability of patient compliance with the recommended treatment and with the styles of treatment that are likely to have reasonable probabilities of patient compliance.

A display conditioner, which is provided in further aspects of the invention, accepts signals from the treatment recommendation matcher and prepares them for physicians, medical staff, patients, and computerized patient record systems.

According to a further aspect of the invention, an apparatus as described above can include display or printing elements that show display conditioner output, or intermediate signals, in text or graphic form.

In still another aspect, the apparatus can include output elements, e.g., facsimile interface or serial interface or other computer interfaces, to permit different views or recording of display conditioner output or intermediate signals.

In still another aspect, the apparatus can include input elements, e.g., touch screen or keyboard or page scanner or serial interface or other computer interface, to permit either direct or derived information to be used.

In still another aspect, the apparatus can use inputs of a larger device, e.g., an automated instructional system or game, and the apparatus can output to the larger device so that instructional content may be modified by signals generated, e.g., instructional content can be customized.

In still another aspect, the apparatus can generate signals corresponding to group characteristics as it does for individual patient characteristics. These and other aspects of the invention are evident in the drawings and in the description which follows.

Brief Description of the Drawings

A further understanding of the invention may be attained by reference to the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 depicts a computer system used in connection with a preferred practice of the invention;

Figure 2 depicts the overall data flow with a system embodying the invention; and

Figure 3 depicts an exemplary output by an apparatus operating in accord with a preferred practice of the invention.

Detailed Description of the Illustrated Embodiment

Overview

Patients are more likely to comply with medical treatments that are in harmony with their personal styles. An energetic, active person given to athletic hobbies will have difficulty following a treatment regime of rest and warm compresses for a small bone fracture. Such a person may prefer surgical treatment offering quicker return to routine activity, despite surgical risk and cost. On the other hand, a person of philosophical and aesthetic inclination might be quite comfortable with a treatment requiring no surgery and no pills, despite the time required. Even for similar illnesses, different patients may prefer different treatments.

Patients are more likely to comply with medical treatments they believe. Unfortunately, important medical conditions like high blood pressure and high cholesterol are not painful and do not limit activity. Patients must accept such diagnoses based on their physician's interpretation of instrument readings and laboratory data. Then, they must accept a physician's judgment that their blood pressure or cholesterol is abnormal enough to warrant medication. Finally, they must accept daily medications that have no immediate benefit, though sometimes medications have immediate side-effects. Patients take a lot on faith.

It is difficult convincing patients that they have been correctly diagnosed and that they have been prescribed a personally optimum treatment. It is an uncertain task that is time consuming and costly. Uncertainty can be reduced by determining personal attitudes and styles ahead of time. Then, treatment recommendations can be matched to patient style; and, presentation of medical findings can be matched to patient attitude.

People vary widely in their approach to new information, and from whom they will accept it. Some like news: they seek out news stands and shows and search the World Wide Web. Others are seen with portable tape and compact disk players connected to earphones blocking out even changes in their immediate surroundings. Some people trust information only from established sources with a stake in being factually correct; e.g., Encyclopedia Britannica, major metropolitan newspapers, major network news. Some people prefer the opinions of family, friends and close acquaintances with a stake in their personal well-being. And, even people who share a source may want different details; i.e., all the facts for their own analysis, or, just the bottom line.

Different physicians interact quite differently with their patients. One aspect is their presentation of findings and treatment recommendations. This critical information presentation can be adapted for an individual patient, and more easily than, say, examination technique for a patient's ears, which is proscribed by human anatomy. Trusting patients, who prefer hearing the bottom line, may be more comfortable with just a prescription: detailed explanations may worry them. Skeptical patients might be won over with a detailed explanation and an offer of a separate, follow-up appointment for discussion of treatment options; they might respond to the absence of pressure to commit or comply immediately. Office routine, schedules, pamphlets and staff are secondary components of physician patient interaction. These can be adapted for specific patient populations if not individual patients.

Predicting and Improving Compliance

The illustrated embodiment predicts and improves patient compliance by 1) gauging patient attitudes and beliefs, 2) gauging physician style of interaction and treatment, then using (1) and (2) along with 3) diagnosis characteristics and 4)treatment characteristics to 5) gauge the match or mismatch between patient and treatment. From result (5), systems according to the invention estimate 6) probability of compliance, 7) subset of treatment characteristics most influencing (6), and 8) style of physician patient interaction most likely to increase compliance (6).

There are no well-accepted techniques for gauging patients' and physicians' attitudes, beliefs and styles within the art of medical compliance. However, the use of demographic data and questionnaires to estimate personality and preferences is well known in other fields. This invention makes novel adaptation of these techniques and combines them with medical information to achieve its purpose.

To avoid bias from commonly accepted factors for compliance prediction, a preferred embodiment of the invention starts with a survey of the population from which patients are drawn. Demographics, opinion survey questions, and medical information are collected from a representative population sample. Cluster analysis yields a few population subgroups whose attitudes, beliefs, behaviors are likely to be similar to each other, and different from people in other clusters.

In market surveys, cluster analysis facilitates segmentation of the market. Medical compliance could be considered a problem in selling medical treatment. However, there are critical differences. Companies start with a product and aim to find customers amidst a large population who will want their product. Treating physicians start with a patient (customer) and aim to find a treatment (product) with which the patient will comply. Products are mass produced; hopefully, customers will come back for more. Treatments are individualized; hopefully, patients will not need to come back for more. Most important, guided by this invention, a physician can adapt treatment during a patient visit (the moment of sale).

After dividing the population into a suitable set of clusters, each datum from the survey is reanalyzed in terms of its correlation with a person's assigned cluster. The cluster to which a patient belongs is then estimated by collecting information similar to that collected during the survey. Data that does not correlate well with cluster assignment can be skipped. Calculations can be made to compensate for missing data.

In a similar fashion, physician demographics, opinion surveys, and practice patterns are used to determine a small set of physician clusters. For both patients and physicians, cluster analysis derived calculations may be adjusted and may be logically augmented based on experience over time. More complex, symbolic simulations of personal belief systems have been described in the artificial intelligence and psychology literature. Such simulations could be adapted for this invention.

Reanalysis, after cluster determination, also permits match / mismatch relationships to be determined. For each cluster, reviewing group responses makes certain characteristics apparent. For example, if most members of one cluster are highly educated and indicate they like reading news articles about medical discoveries, they can be assumed to prefer detailed explanations about treatments. Similarly, if members of another cluster indicate they are impatient and they have trouble keeping appointments, they are unlikely to comply with treatments based on exercise and diet.

If members of a physician cluster indicate they believe their years of clinical training give them knowledge completely unavailable to the lay public, they may need to make a major change in their presentation to a patient whose cluster thinks all important information can be explained in simple terms so they can make their own decisions.

Diagnoses and treatments are characterized along simple dimensions; e.g., severity or risk, visibility, duration, is taking pills involved, is surgery required, etc. The illustrated embodiment avoids use of a long, exhaustive list of ailments and medications by working with these characterizations. It can handle a new disease and treatment with addition only of a small set of information or specification of an analogous disease and treatment.

Automated Apparatus for Practice of the Invention

Figure 1 illustrates a computer system of the type used in connection with practice of the invention. Computer 101 is connected to data processing peripheral units comprising a flat panel display and touch screen 121, disk memory 123, a computer communication network 125, a pointing device 127, a facsimile modem 129, a video monitor 131. a keyboard 133, a printer 135, and a mark sense or page scanner 137. The disk memory 123 serves as a non-volatile storage element for information accessed by the computer 101.

The computer communication network 125 serves to allow access to nonvolatile storage elements and databases or other peripheral devices among a collection of computers.

The flat panel display and touch screen 121, the pointing device 127, the video monitor 131, and the keyboard 133 provide an interface between the computer 101 and the user. Specifically, the flat panel display and the monitor present a graphic display of signals generated by the computer 101, while the keyboard 133 and pointing device 133 convert typed messages and positions signals into computer-readable form.

Not all elements are required for practicing the invention, e.g., a flat panel display and touch screen 121 may suffice without a video monitor 131 and a separate pointing device 127. Likewise, if all input is done directly by users and all output is viewed immediately, a flat panel display and touch screen 121 may suffice without any other input or output devices, e.g., eliminating the need for a printer 135 or scanner

137. The illustrated computer 101 includes functional units comprising an I/O controller 104, a central processor 102, and a (random access) memory unit 103. The I/O controller 104 is an interface between the computer 101 and its peripheral units. The central processor 102 serves as the primary source of control, arithmetic, and logic operations within the computer 101. Further, the memory unit 103 provides volatile, rapid-access storage for the computer 101, particularly for the central processing unit 102. The memory unit 103 may also provide non- volatile storage, which, in sufficient quantity, eliminates the need for disk memory 123.

Software functions 111 are built up from basic operating system & graphical support 118 in a customary manner so that compliance analysis 112 processes data from a variety of sources. Clinical & financial information system 113 data, if not directly available in a specific implementation, can be obtained through database functions 114 using operating system & graphical support 118 making use of computer network communication 125 or modem 129. Alternatively, such information can obtained from medical staff or directly from patients using accept data 115 and present data 116 user interface functions 117 working through flat panel display & touch screen 121 or through pointing device 127 and video monitor 131 and keyboard 133.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other data input and output routing is possible using the system envisioned in Figure 1. i.e., interactive input and output through the World Wide Web is possible with suitably advanced accept data 115, present data 116, and operating system & graphical support 118 coupled with computer network communication 125 or modem 129. Alternatively, batch input and output is possible in a traditional manner using printer 135 and scanner 137, or, using clinical financial information system 113 and database functions 114.

The illustrated hardware used for practice of the invention can be selected from any one of many commercially available programmable digital computers or personnel digital assistants, e.g., preferably, a commercially available Palm Pilot™ running version 2.0 of the Pilot™ operating system, as programmed in accord with the teachings below. Operation

The structure and operation of the illustrated embodiment is premised on the notion that effective approaches to improving treatment compliance take into account individual patient attitudes and beliefs. Those patients inclined to believe their physicians' judgments and recommendations and whose temperament allows them to follow complicated instructions, for example, might do best with quick, straightforward prescriptions. Those patients inclined to be skeptical of physicians and medical treatment, on the other hand, might be better served with detailed prognostic information and instructions on watching for developments that they personally believe necessitate treatment. Still others, those patients who prefer a choice of treatment options could receive a selection of possible course of treatment while, those who prefer one "best" recommendation could receive it.

The illustrated embodiment also operates on the assumption that effective treatment takes into account individual physician style and how that interacts with various patient attitudes and beliefs. For example, a dogmatic professional style, and delayed examination due to office overbooking may cause a skeptical and easily insulted patient to consciously or unconsciously ignore treatment recommendations as if to get even. On the other hand, an accommodating professional style, attentive to individual patient preferences with extra time to talk, may be inteφreted as diagnostic uncertainty, or lack of professional stature by a patient who inteφrets a more authoritarian style as indicative of a technical expert whose time is much in demand.

Ideally, at an individual level, the medical nature and style of a physician's recommendations would be matched to each patient's individual attitudes and beliefs. In public or group medical care, an organization's efforts would be matched to its population's attitudes and inclinations. Extra efforts could be made for patients with serious illness who habitually avoid medical attention. Less effort could be wasted on those who routinely seek medical attention on their own and follow health-care providers' instructions. Figure 2 depicts a functional interrelationship between elements of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as well as the processing of data by those elements. Patient data merging 219 accepts input, if any, directly from the patient 201 and merges it with patient related data input from medical / office staff input 203, health care organization / office information systems 207, and estimated / expected values

209. Output from patient data merging 219 represents the system's best available characterization of the patient for use in further processing. In a similar fashion physician data merging 221 accepts input from the physician 205, medical / office staff input 203, health care organization / office information systems 207, and estimated / expected values 209. Output from physician data merging 221 represents the system's best available characterization of the physician, or health care provider, for use in further processing. Diagnosis - prognosis data merging 215 and treatment data merging 217 provide similar data processing for diagnosis-prognosis and treatment respectively.

Complex data signals are passed in this apparatus. These signals include traditional information, e.g., age, sex, weight, blood pressure and laboratory values. These signals include health care utilization information, e.g., patient identifiers, health care provider identifiers, number of office visits, number of prescriptions. These signals include lifestyle and attitudinal information, e.g., hobbies, questionnaire answers, personality and psychological testing results. These signals also include coded diagnoses and treatments, current and past. In a preferred implementation, this information is kept as lists or sets of attribute-value pairs; most of the values are numeric, but non-numeric data and sub-lists are used at times. For instance, treatment information might be as simple as avoid weight bearing for a twisted ankle with a duration - 7 days and medication form - none and surgery - none. In another instance, treatment input might be a list of options starting with antibiotics for a sexually transmitted disease with a duration - 10 days and medication form -pill and surgery- none, followed by antibiotics with a duration - once and medication form - shot in buttocks and surgery - none. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that estimated or expected data values 209 need not be implemented as an independent entity. Data merging modules 215, 217, 219, & 221 may include constants providing the same information.

Patient attitude estimation 223 analyzes input from patient data merging 219 to characterize the patient's attitude with respect to medical illness and treatment. Physician style estimation 225 analyzes input from physician data merging 221 to characterize the physician or health care provider's style of patient interaction and treatment.

Recommendation matching 227 analyzes the combination of inputs characterizing the overall medical encounter, namely, patient attitude 223, physician style 225, diagnosis-prognosis 215 and treatment 217. Its output estimates the likelihood that the patient will comply with each of the treatments and styles of medical intervention.

Display conditioner 229 accepts input from recommendation matching 227 and converts it into a format, graphical or textual, suitable for the required output 231. Output might be as simple as a single number proportional to probability that this patient will comply with this physician's recommendation of a single treatment, potentially signaling the need for reconsideration of treatment options. Output may be more complicated to adequately explain to a health care provider what style of treatment might be more likely gain patient compliance.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the display conditioner can also accept input from other elements to provide output that monitors the operation of the system. They will also appreciate that conditioner output could be saved on disk memory 123 or stored via database functions 114 when the apparatus is being used to predict compliance for a group of patients or members of a health care organization. Segmentation

The segmentation process utilized in the illustrated embodiment was developed using well established and accepted methods of population survey techniques. This identified the most relevant content for the survey and the appropriate match to the population being interviewed. For example, asking bus drivers about chicken farming, although using properly framed questions and statistical analysis, is a clear mismatch of content with audience.

A fundamental issue in the research is also to recognize that the process and outcome are not intended to affect any direct behavior or attitudes among people, nor create any artificial experiences. The purpose of the research and the process is to, with the greatest possible accuracy, find ways to describe what already exists; characterizations of people based on their attitudes, behavior and other personal characteristics that accomplishes several things:

reflects their typical and consistent state

provides for discrimination between two or more groups of people, for if all people were identical in their styles, there would be no corresponding need for variety or alternatives in any facet of life

results in a practical method of application in real life activities

describes population groups that are individually large enough to warrant intervention, since each group represents a large number of absolute people, but also avoids a system that defines people in such minute detail that interventions customized to that segment would be economically impractical utilizes the language, concepts and other portrayals of the population segments that will be most readily identified and accepted because they are, in effect, in their own "language".

The following process was used to develop the segmentation system, including the functional set of 20 questions and related weighting factors to score each person's responses:

Initial sources for segmentation content:

a review of existing literature for ideas, themes, situations, experiences and literal ways of describing them that would be recognized by people;

conducted a series of focus groups with males and females specifically about their experiences and attitudes with a wide variety of health care situations. The objective of the groups was to obtain first hand statements of actual experiences, collect the language used to describe the events and attitudes, and probe for additional underlying issues. This information was then used to frame subsequent survey questions in ways that would replicate what people had related, in the type of language that describes their nature and not those of the researcher.

Segmentation survey:

a national, representative sample of male and female adults was interviewed using an extensive set of questions that was intended to encompass many facets of health care: medical practitioner visits, prescriptions, personal attitudes about health care in general and a person's own health status, and a variety of questions that have been used to describe different activities of people and that may be related to health care, such as participation in sports, nutritional habits, and other lifestyle activities. The entire data set from the nearly 1700 respondents was analyzed by a series of multi-variate statistical procedures to :

reduce the total number of questions to smaller set of items that statistically derives a set of homogeneous population segments using the reduced set of items and summarizes each construct or theme;

identify items/statements that statistically maximize the difference between the homogeneous population segments;

determine the number of population segments by trying several different solution sizes, such as five groups, six groups, seven groups, etc. The alternatives are tested to accomplish several concurrent objectives:

obtain a final set of segments that is economically practical to work with in terms of the numbers of people involved

provide maximum differentiation between the groups

The original questionnaire contained over 150 items used in the analysis. Since the administration of this number of items in a survey is not practical to administer in any daily medical situation, further statistical analysis was used to reduce the total set to a smaller number, in the case of this study 20 statements, that would replicate the original segmentation and very highly correlate with the allocation of people to specific segments. A basic threshold was set, that the reduced number of questions to be used in typing people must correctly classify (that is, place in the same groups as the full questionnaire) at least 75% of the people. And, any incorrect classification must be in the next closest or adjacent segment for which the person had strong tendencies. Based on the foregoing, a questionnaire used in the illustrated embodiment obtains the patient's degree of agreement (or disagreement) with the following statements:

I'm almost always satisfied with the medical treatment I receive

There are a lot of health care people that you can't trust

Doctors sometimes seem to make decisions before I finish explaining my problems or asking all my questions

I know people who do not exactly follow the doctor's advice and they seem to do just fine

I never know what questions to ask when I go to the doctor with a problem

When I get sick or have a serious problem, I do my own research about the illness and treatments

The costs I pay for health care are reasonable

There is so much information about what is healthy and what is not that it is impossible to make sense of it I often seek advice from other people

I'm a patient person

I don't like to make long term plans

The quality of many products has gone down

I feel comfortable using the newest technologies

I am very good about planning things in order to keep my appointments

I am pretty good about following healthy eating habits

I wear seatbelts as a driver and as a passenger in a car or truck all the time

A preferred questionnaire used in posing these questions is provided in the Attachment I. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that more or fewer questions compiled in accord with the foregoing techniques may be used instead of those shown in the attachment. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these questions may be administered electronically or verbally or on paper and that the responses can be coded numerically.

Outputting Compliance Prediction and Suggestions

Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary individual output generated by the system described above. Particularly, the output reveals a prototypical patent, Mr. John Doe, suffering from hyperlipidemia, who believes he is in good health and who pursues his own health care information. His questionnaire answers suggest that he is capable of sticking with treatments that require daily adherence over long periods of time; however, they suggest he prefers quick, technically oriented solutions. Under these circumstances, the output warns his physician that it is impossible for anyone to know whether or not Mr. Doe will in fact stick with the treatment recommended. Asking Mr.

Doe what he has concluded, after he has had time to check his own sources, may provide the needed information. This output also suggests that exhortations to the effect that Mr. Doe is killing himself by not following treatment recommendations, are unlikely to be heeded. If some other treatment options are going to be considered, a higher-tech solution, e.g., cholesterol lowering drugs, may be more acceptable to Mr.

Doe despite the expense.

Yet a still further understanding of the invention may be attained by reference to Appendix II, providing a software listing for a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The foregoing describes a preferred apparatus and method for predicting and improving patient compliance achieving the objects set forth above. Those skilled in the art will, of course, appreciate that the illustrated embodiment is exemplary only and that other embodiments incoφorating modifications thereto fall with the scope of the invention, of which we claim:

Claims

1. A method for any of predicting and improving patient compliance with health care treatment, comprising the steps

A. inputting data relating to a patient and, optionally, data relating to a health care provider, diagnosis-prognosis, and treatment recommendation,

B. determining, from the input data, an attitude of the patient and, optionally, an attitude of the health care provider,

C. generating, from the input data and/or attitude determination, any of an (i) estimation of a likelihood of patient compliance with a recommended treatment and (ii) a style of treatment likely to have an increased probability of patient compliance.

2. A method according to claim 1 , comprising the step of determining the patient's degree of agreement with one or more statements selected on the basis of population survey techniques.

3. A method according to claim 2, comprising the step determining the patient's degree of agreement with one or more statements determined on the basis of a segmentation process.

4. A method according to any of claims 1 - 3, comprising the step of determining the patient's degree of agreement or disagreement with one or more of the following statements:

I'm almost always satisfied with the medical treatment I receive;

There are a lot of health care people that you can't trust;

Doctors sometimes seem to make decisions before I finish explaining my problems or asking all my questions; I know people who do not exactly follow the doctor's advice and they seem to do just fine;

I never know what questions to ask when I go to the doctor with a problem;

I try to keep up with current medical information whether I have a problem or not;

I've read or heard about new health care treatments that my doctor did not know about;

When I get sick or have a serious problem, I do my own research about the illness and treatments;

I feel I personally know enough about some medical problems and treatments that I feel comfortable giving advice about them;

The costs I pay for health care are reasonable;

There is so much information about what is healthy and what is not that it is impossible to make sense of it;

I often seek advice from other people;

I'm a patient person;

I don't like to make long term plans;

The quality of many products has gone down;

I feel comfortable using the newest technologies; I am very good about planning things in order to keep my appointments;

You really do not have much control over what happens to you in life like an illness, it's just a matter of fate or luck;

I am pretty good about following healthy eating habits; and

I wear seatbelts as a driver and as a passenger in a car or truck all the time.

5. A method according to any of claims 1- 4, comprising the steps of:

A. collecting patient medical data, medical history data, and behavioral and attitudinal data.

B. collecting health care provider data, including that pertaining to diagnosis and prognosis, recommended treatments, style of interaction with patients, treatment statistics, and behavior / attitude,

C. identifying corrupted or missing values among the collected data,

D. estimating attitudes of any of the patient and health care provider based on the collected data,

E. determining a proposed treatment based on numeric and logical analysis of estimated patient and physician attitudes and diagnosis prognosis, and

F. generating an output signal textually or graphically representative of the treatment recommendation with which a specific patient is most likely to comply.

6. A method according to any of claims 1 - 5, comprising obtaining patient and physician data from electronic forms directly or paper forms by suitable scanners or typing.

7. A method according to any of claims 1 - 6, comprising obtaining patient and health care provider data from surrogate sources, such as medical office personnel, heath care organizations, populations statistics.

8. A method according to any of claims 1 - 7, comprising generating text and graphical output on a computer screen or printer as a function of said output signal.

9. A method according to any of claims 1 - 8, comprising displaying treatment inputs ranked in order of probability of patient compliance.

10. A method according to any of claims 1 - 9, comprising displaying treatment characteristics likely to increase probability of patient compliance.

11 A method according to any of claims 1- 10, comprising displaying patient/health care provider interaction styles likely to increase probability of patient compliance.

12. An apparatus operating in accord with the methods of any of claims 1 - 11.

13. A digital data processing apparatus operating in accord with the methods of any of claims 1 - 11.

14. A computer storage media for storing any of instructions and data for causing a digital data processing apparatus to operate in accord with the methods of any of claims 1 - 11.

APPENDIX I to

┬⌐ ParetoScope, Inc. 1997

EnrichMap^┬« Health Care and Personal Opinion Questionnaire ┬⌐ ParetoScope, Inc. 1997 Agree Do Not Agree Completely At All

1 2 4 5

I'm almost always satisfied with the medical treatment

I receive There are a lot of health care people that you can't trust Doctors sometimes seem to make decisions before I finish explaining my problems or asking all my questions I know people who do not exactly follow the doctor^'s advice and they seem to do just fine I never know what questions to ask when I go to the doctor with a problem I try to keep up with current medical information whether I have a problem or not I've read or heard about new health care treatments that my doctor did not know about

When I get sick or have a serious problem, I do my own research about the illness and treatments I feel I personally know enough about some medical problems and treatments that I feel comfortable giving advice about them

The costs I pay for health care are reasonable

I often seek advice from other people

I'm a patient person I don't like to make long term plans

The quality of many products has gone down

I feel comfortable using the newest technologies

I am very good about planning things in order to keep my appointments You really do not have much control over what happens to you in life like an illness, it's just a matter of fate or luck

I am pretty good about following healthy eating habits I wear seatbelts as a driver and as a passenger in a car or truck all the time

DS 1.3946304

APPENDIX II to

┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M. Powsner and ParetoScope, Inc. (as indicated)

//Routines are arranged alphabetically.

//Program execution begins when PilotMam is called by the Pilot Operating system.

//AppDBClose.c ΓÇö Application Database Close; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

#╬╣nclude <P╬╣lot.h> #mclude "AppDBGlobals .h" #mclude "AppDBClose.h"

Err AppDBClose (void) t

Err error = 0; if (appDB)

//error |= Dr╬▒ResetRecordStates (appDB) ; // snould be safer but. error |= DmCloseDatabase (appDB) ; return error;

/^ΓÖªGeneric database close a╬▒apte╬▒ from MemoPad.c per Code ar╧Çor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification nistory

980222 SMP cosmetic

970927 SMP initial coding

*/

/*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

//AppDBClose.h; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Err AppDBClose (void) ;

/_*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//AppDBGlobals. c ΓÇö Application Database Globals; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner #include <P╬╣lot.h>

DmOpenRef appDB; ULong appDBAppType;

Char appDBName [dmDBNameLength] ;

ULong appDBType;

/^ΓÖªGeneric application ╬▒atabase globals addapted from MemoPad.c per Code amor Targettmg Palm OS v.x.2.1 pp.13 Modification nistory 980222 SMP cosmetic */ /*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//AppDBGlobals. h; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern DmOpenRef appDB; extern ULong appDBAppType; extern Char appDBName [dmDBNameLength] ; tdefine appDBNameDefault "AppTestDB" extern ULong appDBType;

ΓÖªdefine appDBTypeDefault 'Data' /*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//AppDBInfoImt.c; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

#include <P╬╣lot.h> #include "AppGenericDefs . h"

#mclude "AppDBGlobals .h"

#mclude "AppDBInfoImt .h"

#include "AppGlobals .h"

#╬╣nclude "DBOpen.h" #╬╣nclude "GetResource.h" ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h" static char simplelnfo [] = "App DB info place holder"; Err AppDBInfolmt (DmOpenRef dbP) {

LocallD appInfoID;

VoidPtr appInfoP;

LocallD dbID; UInt cardNo;

VoidHand h;

// Get appInfoID given DmOpenRef via dbID and cardNo. if (DmOpenDatabaseInfo(dbP, SdblD, NULL, NULL, &cardNo, NULL) I i DmDatabaselnfo (cardNo, dbID, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,

NULL, NULL, SappInfoID, NULL, NULL, NULL) ) return dmErrlnvalidParam; if (appInfoID == NULL) //create new applnfo if needed ( n = DmNewHandle (dbP, sizeof simplelnfo); if ( ' h) return dmErrMemError; appInfoID = MemHandleToLocallD (h) ;

DmSetDatabaselnfo (cardNo, dbID, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, SappInfoID, NULL, NULL,

NULL) ;

// Lock the appInfoID and copy n defaults from our default structure. appInfoP = MemLocallDToLockedPtr (appInfoID, cardNo); Dm rite (appInfoP, 0, ssimplelnfo, sizeof simplelnfo);

MemPtrUnlock (appInfoP) ; return OKreturnCode;

}

/^ΓÖªGeneric database initialization a╬▒apted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic

970926 SMP initial coding

*/

/*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ //AppDBInfolmt.h; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Err AppDBInfolmt (DmOpenRef dbP) ; /*EOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//AppDBOpen.c ΓÇö Application Database & Preference Open; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBGlobals .h"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBInfolmt .h"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBOpen.h" ΓÖªinclude "AppGlobals .h"

ΓÖªinclude "dbOpen.h"

ΓÖªinclude "GetResource.h"

ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h" Err AppDBOpen (void)

{

SystemPreferencesType sysPrefs;

GetStringRscCopy (appDBName, primaryDBName, appDBNameDefault, sizeof (appDBName) ) ; appDBAppType = GetTypeResource (primaryDBAppType, appType) ; appDBType = GetTypeResource (primaryDBType, appDBTypeDefault) ;

PrefGetPreferences (SsysPrefs) ; if (' (appDB = DBOpen (appDBName, appDBType, appDBAppType, sysPrefs .hideSecretRecords ^ dmModeRead rite : (dmModeRead ╧Çte I dmModeShowSecret) ) ) ) return dmErrCantFmd; return AppDBInfolmt (appDB) ; } /^ΓÖªGeneric database open and preference open adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13

Modification history

980222 SMP cosmetic

970926 SMP initial coding */

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ΓÖª/

//AppDBOpen.h ; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner Err AppDBOpen (void) ;

/_*EOF ^'_ - _ _ _ - _ - _ _ - - - - - - - _ _ - -. _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ */

//AppGene╧ÇcDefs .h ΓÇö Application Generic Definitions for convenience ┬⌐ 1997 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªdefine OKreturnCode 0

ΓÖªdefine arrayLengtn (a) isizeof ╬╣a) /sizeof (a [0] ) )

/ΓÖªEOF - - _ _ _ - - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/ //AppGlobals.c; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppGlobals .h"

ULong appType; char appPreferences [appPrefLen] ; int appVersion;

/^ΓÖªGeneric application globals, simplified from MemoPad.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic 970926 SMP initial coding

*/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//AppGlobals. ; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern ULong appType; ΓÖªdefine appTypeDefault 'AppT'

ΓÖªdefine appPrefLen 64 extern char appPreferences [appPrefLen] ;

ΓÖªdefine appPrefDe ault "reir╬¢OxOOblank entry" extern int appVersion; ΓÖªdefine appVersionDefault 100

/^ΓÖª Generic Application Globals 971102 SMP version num * 100 970926 SMP initial */

/ΓÖªEOF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ */

//ApplicationHandleEvent . c ΓÇö generic event application level event handler; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "ApplicationHandleEven . h" ΓÖªinclude "Handlers. " Boolean ApplicationHandleEvent (EventPtr event) {

FormPtr formP; Int formN; Boolean handled = false; switch (event->eType)

{ case (frmLoadEvent) : formP = FrmIn╬╣tForm( formN = event->data. frmLoad. formID) ;

FrmSetAct╬╣veForm(formP) ;

FrmSetEventHandler (formP, FormHandlerTable (formN) ) ; handled = true; break; //case () :

// break;

return handled;

/^ΓÖªModification history 980303 SMP cosmetic 970922 SMP initial */ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - -

/ /ApplicationHandleEvent. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Setn M Powsner extern Boolean ApplicationHandleEvent (EventPtr event);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - _ - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ */

//AppResourceList . c ΓÇö allows correct loading of resource file; ┬⌐ 1997-

ParetoScope

ΓÖªinclude <Bu╬╣ldRules .h> // Application resources. char ^ΓÖªAppResourceList [ ] = (

":Rsc:" RESOURCE FILE PREFIX "Q20.rsrc",

/^ΓÖªApplication Resource list module addapted from MemoPadRsc.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modifications

980303 SMP cosmetic 9 97711111155 S SMMPP reference BuildRules.n and let it set file prefix

971102 SMP Q20 put in

971012 SMP simplified version

*/

/^ΓÖªEOF - _ _ _ '/

//AppResourceList . h ┬⌐ 1997- -8 ParetoS<

ΓÖªdefine St╧ÇngAlert 9000

ΓÖªdefine ThreeStrmgAlert 9001

ΓÖªdefine categoryConstan s 9950

ΓÖªdefine nameEtcForm 1000

ΓÖªdefine resultFor 1100

ΓÖªdefine thankYouFor 4100

ΓÖªdefine thankYouCode 90

ΓÖªde ine answerMultipliers 9

ΓÖªdefine lastName 10

ΓÖªdefine firstName 20

ΓÖªdefine clientNumber 30

ΓÖªdefine resultField 40

ΓÖªdefine resultText 90

/^ΓÖª Specific Application Resource ID's

971122 SMP added result fields & specific forms

971121 SMP added categoryConstants

971102 SMP old Palm Tutorial definitions removed

971012 SMP initial based on Palm Tutorial 20 MemoPadRsc.h ^ΓÖª/ /^ΓÖªEOF

//HandlerHelper . c - convert event fo to resource related mfo for FormElemHandler; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals . "

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobalFixup.h"

ΓÖªdefine ctlTypeListLen 6

ULong CtlTypeList [CtlTypeListLen] = t'tBTN', 'tPBN', ' tCBX ' , 'tPUT', 'tSLT'

'tREP' }; void CommonFormGlobalFixup (void) { elementRscType = ' ' ; elementID = 0; elementPtr = NULL; for ID = FrmGetActiveFormlDO , formPtr = FrmGetActiveFormt ) ; switch (event . eType) { //from Event. h enum events,

//case (mlEvent) :

//case (penDownEvent ) :

//case (penUpEvent) :

//case (penMoveEvent) :

//case (keyDownEvent) :

//case (winEnterEvent) :

//case (wmExitEvent) :

// break; case (ctlEnterEvent) : case (ctlExitEvent) : case (ctlSelectEvent) case (ctlRepeatEvent) case (popSelectEvent) // out of order from enum events, was after IstExitEvent elementID = event .data. ctlEnter . controlID; elementPtr = event . data . ctlEnter . pControl ; if (0<= ( (ControlPtr) elementPtr) ->style && ( (ControlPtr) elementPtr) ->style

< ctlTypeListLen) elementRscType ctlTypeList [ ( (ControlPtr) elementPtr) ->style] break; case (IstEnterEvent) : case (IstSelectEvent) : case (IstExitEvent) : elementRscType = 'tLST'; elementID = event .data. IstEnter. listID; elementPtr = event .data. IstEnter .pList; break; case (fldEnterEvent) : case (fldHeightChangedEvent) case (fldChangedEvent) : elementRscType = 'tFLD'; elementID = event .data. fldEnter. fieldID; elementPtr = event .data. fldEnter .pField; break; case (tblEnterEvent) : case (tblSelectEvent) case (tblExitEvent) : // out of order from enum events, was after frmCloseEvent elementRscType = 'tTBL'; elementID = event .data. tblEnter .tablelD; elementPtr = event .data. tblEnter .pTable; break;

case (daySelectEvent) break; case (menuEvent) : elementRscType = 'MENU'; elementID = event . data.menu. itemID; break;

//case (appStopEvent) :

//case (frmLoadEvent) :

//case (frmOpenEvent) :

//case (frmGotoEvent) :

//case (frmUpdateEvent) :

//case (frmSaveEvent) :

//case (fr CloseEvent) :

//case (tblExitEvent) : default break; }

}

/^ΓÖªModification h.istory

980303 SMP cosmetic

970925 SMP initial

/^ΓÖªEOF

//CommonFormGlobalFixup.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void CommonFormGlobalFixup (void) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF

//CommonFormGlobals . c ΓÇö Commonly used form / event info; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <Pilot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals.h"

Int elementID;

VoidPtr elementPtr;

ULong elementRscType

EventType event;

Int formID;

FormPtr formPtr;

/^ΓÖªAdapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targetting Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.l.

Modification history

980303 SMP cosmetic

970925 SMP initial

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//CommonFormGlobals.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Int elementID; extern VoidPtr elementPtr; extern ULong elementRscType ; extern EventType event; extern Int formID; extern FormPtr formPtr;

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - //CustomHandlers.c; ┬⌐ 1997-8 ParetoScope

ΓÖªinclude <Pilot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "AppResourceList .h"

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals . " ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobalFixup.h" ΓÖªinclude "CustomHandlers .h"

ΓÖªinclude "GetResource.h"

ΓÖªinclude "Handlers. h"

ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h"

ΓÖªmclude "ScoreCalculation.h"

ΓÖªinclude "StoreFieldlnput .h"

ΓÖªinclude "Storelnput . "

Boolean NameEtcFormHandler (EventPtr eventP) {

Boolean handled = false; event = ^ΓÖªeventP; // Copy event data into CommonFormGlobals

CommonFormGlobalFixup ( ) switch (event .eType) { case (frmOpenEvent) : // Open, assume it's loaded & activated. // restore fields if needed

FrmDrawForm( formPtr) ; // Draw the form handled = true; break; case (ctlSelectEvent) : if (elementID - formID == nextButtonID) //"start" is a relabeled "next" button

Clearlnput ( ) ; // clear out checKboxes handled = FormElemHandler () ; // Leave rest to Gene╧ÇcControlHandler break; case (frmCloseEvent) : SaveFieldlnput () ; //handled = true; break; default: handled = FormElemHandler ( ) ; return handled; }

Boolean ResultFormHandler (EventPtr eventP) {

CommonFormGlobalFixup ( ) switch (event .eType) { case (frmOpenEvent) : // Open, assume it's loaded & activated.

ScoreCalculatio ( ) ; RestoreFieldlnput ( ) ; FrmDrawForm( formPtr) ; // Draw the form handled = true; break; case (ctlSelectEvent) : if (elementID - formID == backButtonlD) //"done" is a relabeled "back" button

ClearFieldlnput () ; // clear out name, etc handled = FormElemHandle () ; // Leave rest to

GenericControlHandler break; case (frmCloseEvent) :

// save fields if needed //handled = true; break; default: handled = FormElemHandler () ;

} return handled; Boolean ThankYouFormHandler (EventPtr eventP)

{ Boolean handled = false; char ^ΓÖª cp; event = ^ΓÖªeventP; // Copy event data into

CommonFormGlobals CommonFormGlobalFixup () ; switch (event . eType) { case (frmOpenEvent): // Open, assume it's loaded & activated. FrmDrawForm ( formPtr) ; // Draw the form handled = true; break; case ( keyDownEvent ) : cp = GetStrmgResource (formID + thankYouCode, "\26") ; if (event . data. keyDown. chr == ^ΓÖªcp)

{

FrmGotoForm(resultForm) ; handled = true; } UnlockSt╧ÇngResource (1) ; break; default : handled = FormElemHandler () ; } return handled;

}

/^ΓÖª Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic 971122 SMP initial coding ^ΓÖª/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - _ - */

//CustomHandlers.h S 1997-8 ParetoScope extern Boolean NameEtcFormHandler (EventPtr eventP); extern Boolean ResultFormHandler (EventPtr eventP); extern Boolean ThankYouFormHandler (EventPtr eventP);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//DBDefaultCompare. c ΓÇö passed to system routines to order database; ┬⌐ 1997- Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppDBGlobals .h" ΓÖªinclude "AppDBInfolmt .h" ΓÖªinclude "DBDefaultCompare . h"

ΓÖªdefine plsmaller -1 ΓÖªdefine equal 0 ΓÖªdefine pllarger 1 short DBDefaultCompare (void *pl, void *p2, /^ΓÖª only first two parameters are used*/ short other, SortRecordlnfoPtr recpl,

SortRecordlnfoPtr recp2, VoidHand appInfoH)

ULong lenl;

ULong len2 ; short result; lenl = MemPtrS╬╣ze(pl) len2 = MemPtrSize (p2) if (lenl == 0) result = (len2 == 0) ? equal : plsmaller; else if (len2 == 0) result = pllarger; else for (result = equal, lenl = (lenl <= len2) ? lenl : len2; result == equal && lenl; ++( (CharPtr) pi) , ++( (CharPtr) p2) , ΓÇölenl) if (* (CharPtr) pi < * (CharPtr) p2) result = plsmaller; else if (* (CharPtr)pl > ^ΓÖª (CharPtr) p2) result = pllarger; return result; } /^ΓÖªModification history

980222 SMP cosmetic changes

971115 SMP call sequence modified for new SDK

970928 SMP original

*/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ */

//DBDefaultCompare. h;┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern DmComparF DBDefaultCompare/* see <DataMgr.h> ^ΓÖª/;

/^ΓÖªEOF

// DBOpen. c; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> // all the system toolbox headers

ΓÖªinclude "DBOpen. h"

DmOpenRef DBOpen (CharPtr dbName, ULong dbType, ULong appType, Ulnt mode)

Ulnt card;

LocallD dbID;

Ulnt dbAttrs;

DmOpenRef dbTempP ; dbTempP = DmOpenDatabaseByTypeCreator (dbType, appType, mode); if PdbTemoP && (mode > dmModeReadOnly)) // need to create datebase { if ( ' DmCreateDatabase (0 /*cardV, dbName, appType, dbType, false /^ΓÖªnot resource*/) ) dbTempP = DmOpenDatabaseByTypeCreator (dbType, appType, mode); if ( ' DmOpenDatabaseInfo (dbTempP, &dbID, NULL, NULL, scard,

NULL)

&& 'DmDatabaseInfo(0, obID, NULL, idbAttrs, NULL, NULL,

NULL,

NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)

{ dbAttrs |= dmHdrAttrBackup; // assume backup if (DmSetDatabaselnfo (0, dbID, NULL, &dbAttrs, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,

NULL) dbTempP = NULL; //something's wrong with new db

} } } return (dbTempP) ;

/^ΓÖªGeneric routine for manipulating PalmOS database adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic 970920 SMP initial

^ΓÖª/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

// dbOpen.h; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern DmOpenRef DBOpen (CharPtr dbName, ULong dbType, ULong appType, Ulnt mode) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF ^ΓÖª/

//DBWnteOrdered. cΓÇö ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªmclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "AppDBGlobals .h" ΓÖªinclude "AppGene╧ÇcDefs .h"

ΓÖªinclude "DBDefaultCompare. h"

ΓÖª include "dbW╧ÇteOrdered.h"

Err DBWnteOrdered (VoidPtr bufferP, ULong bufferLen, Int category)

Ulnt attr;

Err error;

Err errorTemp;

VoidHand h = = NULL;

Ulnt index = dmMaxRecordlndex

// copy buffer into new record at end of database and set category error = DmWrite (MemHandleLock (h = DmNewRecord (appDB, Smdex, bufferLen) ) , 0, bufferP, bufferLen) ; if ((errorTemp = MemHandleUnlock (h) ) ' = OKreturnCode && 'error) error = errorTemp; if ((errorTemp = DmReleaseRecord (appDB, xndex, true)) ' = OKreturnCode && 'error) error = errorTemp; if ('error) if ('(error = DmRecordlnfo (appDB, index, &attr, NULL, NULL))) { attr = (attr & ~dmRecAttrCategoryMask) | (category & dmRecAttrCategoryMask) ; if ('(error = DmSetRecordlnfo (appDB, index, &attr, NULL)))

// detach the record and insert it mto correct place // use same compare routine as for db sorting if ('(error = DmDetachRecord (appDB, index, &h) ) ) { index = DmFmdSortPositionVIO (appDB, MemHandleLock (h) ,

DBDefaultCompare, 0) ; if (' (error = MemHandleUnlock (h) ) ) error = DmAttachRecord (appDB, sindex, h, NULL);

return error;

)

/^ΓÖªModification history 980303 SMP cosmetic 970928 SMP initial */ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - -

//dbWnteOrdered.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Err DBWnteOrdered (VoidPtr bufferP, ULong bufferLen, Int category)

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ΓÖª/

//DrawStrmglnBounds . cΓÇö Draw String in bounds (box) for lists; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªmclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "drawSt╧ÇnglnBounds . h" void DrawStrmglnBounds (CharPtr st╧ÇngP, RectanglePtr bounds)

Int textLen, width;

Boolean fits;

FontID currFont; currFont = FntSetFont (stdFont) ; // save and set font (a Pilot convention) width = bounds->extent .x - 2; // determine length of text that will fit textLen = StrLen (strmgP) ;

FntCharsInWidth (stringP, swidth, StextLen, &f╬╣ts) ;

WmDrawChars (strmgP, textLen, bounds->topLeft .x, bounds->topLeft . y) ; //draw it

FntSetFont (currFont) ; // restore the font

}

/^ΓÖªGeneric Application Resource list module addapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modifications

980303 SMP cosmetic

971012 SMP simplified version

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//DrawStrmglnBounds. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void DrawStrmglnBoun╬▒s (CharPtr stringP, RectanglePtr bounds);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - - - _ - - - - */ //EventLoop. c ΓÇö get and dispatch events 'till stopped; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Setn M Powsner

ΓÖª mclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "ApplicationHandleEvent . h"

ΓÖªmclude "EventLoop. h" void EventLoop (void) {

Word error;

EventType event; do {

EvtGetEvent (sevent, evtWaitForever) ; if (SysHandleEvent (Sevent) ) continue; if (MenuHandleEvent (0, ievent, Serror) ) continue; if (ApplicationHandleEvent (Sevent) ) continue;

FrmDispatchEvent (Sevent) ; while (event. eType '= appStopEvent) ;

/^ΓÖªGeneric application main routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 980220 SMP cosmetic changes */

/ΓÖªEOF - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

//EventLoop. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void EventLoop (void) ; /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - */

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - _ - _ - - - _ - - - - - - ΓÖª/ //GenericControlHandler.cΓÇö Generic Control event Handler; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªmclude "CommonFormGlobals . h" ΓÖªinclude "GenencControlHandler .h" ΓÖªinclude "GetResource.h" ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h" ΓÖªinclude "TestCode.h" static Boolean GotoFormSafely (int formID); Boolean Gene╧ÇcControlHandler (void) { int effectivelD; int formMultiple = GetlntResource (normalFormMultiple, formMultipleDefault) ;

Boolean handled = false; effectivelD = elementID >= formID elementID - formID : elementID % formMultiple; switch (event .eType) ( case (ctlSelectEvent) : switch (effectivelD) { case (nextButtonID) : {

GotoFormSafely (GetlntResource (formID -r nextFormSpec, formID + formMultiple) ) ; handled = true; break; } case (backButtonlD) : {

GotoFormSafely (GetlntResource (formID + pnorFormSpec, formID - formMultiple) ) ; handled = true; break; } case (restartButtonID) : { GotoFormSafely (GetlntResource (firstFormRscID, firstFormDefault) ) ; handled = true; break; } default:

{

GotoFormSafely (GetlntResource (formID -r nextFormSpec, formID + formMultiple) ) ; handled = true; }

} break; // ctlSelectEvent case done case (ctlRepeatEvent) : break; case (keyDownEvent) : switch (event .data. eyDown. chr) { case (pageUpChr) ^ΓÇó {

TestCode (formID) ; //if ( 'Testcode (form) )

// pageUpKeyProcess g ( ) ; handled = true; break; } case (pageDownChr) :

{

// pageDownKeyProcess g ( ) ; //handled = true; break; } default : {

//handled = true; break;

default: ; } return handled; Boolean GotoFormSafely (int formID) {

VoidHand tempH; if (firstFormDefault <= formID

&& formID <= GetlntResource (lastFormRscID, lastFormDefault) && NULL '= (te pH = DmGetlResource ' ' tFRM' , formID))) {

DmReleaseResource (tempH) ; FrmGotoForm ( formID) ;

} return NULL '= tempH;

}

/^ΓÖª control handler to interpret any form's controls based on ResourceCommon.h 980303 SMP cosmetic

971116 SMP breakout debugging code and database code

971102 SMP implement some of generic functions

970925 SMP initial

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ */

//Gene╧ÇcControlHandler.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Boolean Gene╧ÇcControlHandler (void) ;

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ^/

//Gene╧ÇcFormHandler.c; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Setn M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals.h"

ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobalFixup.h"

ΓÖªinclude "GenencFormHandler . h"

ΓÖªinclude "Handlers. h"

ΓÖªmclude "Storelnput . h" //used in frmClose for checkbox storage

ΓÖªinclude "GetObjectPtr .h"

Boolean GenencFormHandler (EventPtr eventP) f

Boolean handled = false; int cID; //use╬▒ for cneckbox save and restore

ControlPtr ctlP; event = ^ΓÖªeventP; // Copy event data mto

CommonFormGlobals

CommonFormGlobalFixup ( ) ; switch (event . eType) { case (frmOpenEvent): // Open, assume it's loaded & activated.

// Initialize the form if needed if (2000 <= formID && formID <= 3900 // Not really generic

&& NULL '= (cID = Restorelnput (formID) ) && NULL '= (ctlP = GetOb₃ectPtr (cID) ) ) CtlSetValue(ctlP, 1) ; FrmDrawForm ( formPtr) ; // Draw the form handled = true; break; case (frmCloseEvent) : // Not really generic, belongs in question form handler if (2000 <= formID && formID <= 3900) { for (cID = formID + 10; cID <= formID + 50; cID += 10) //save checkboxes if (CtlGetValue(ctlP = GetObjectPtr (cID) ) ) break; if (cID <= formID + 50) Savelnput (formID, cID) ; } break; default: handled = FormElemHandler () ;

} return handled; }

/* Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic

971123 SMP Temporarily added checkbox save / restore code

970925 SMP Initial coding

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

/ /GenencFormHandler. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Boolean GenencFormHandler (EventPtr event);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

// GetObjectPtr . c-- Get ilookup) Object's Pointer based on integer ID; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "GetOb₃ectPtr .h"

VoidPtr GetObjectPtr (Wor╬▒ objectID)

I

FormPtr frm;

Wor╬▒ ob₃ Index; if ((objlndex = FrmGetNu berOfObjects (frm = FrmGetAct╬╣veForm( ) ) ) '= 0) do if (FrmGetOb₃ectId(frm, ΓÇöobjlndex) == objectlD) return (FrmGetObjectPtr (frm, objlndex)); while (ob₃ Index '= 0) ; return (NULL) ; }

/^ΓÖªGeneric routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history

980303 SMP cosmetic

970907 SMP modified from tutorial to make it safe for non-existent IDs

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//GetObjectPtr.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsne extern VoidPtr GetObjectPtr (Word obiectID) ;

/ΓÖªEOF _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ //GetResource. cΓÇö Get (string and other) Resource (s) in coverted form; ┬⌐

1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "GetResource. h"

ΓÖªinclude "StrAToType.h" ΓÖªinclude "StrCopyN.h"

ΓÖªdefine tempHLen 8 static VoidHand tempH [tempHLen] ; static Int tempLast = tempHLen;

Int GetlntResource (Int RscID, Int notFoundReturn)

Int t; CharPtr p; p = GetStrmgResource (RscID, NULL); t = p ? StrAToI (p) : notFoundReturn; UnlockSt╧ÇngResource (1) ; return t; CharPtr GetStnngResource (Int RscID, CharPtr notFoundReturn)

{ if (ΓÇötempLast < 0) return notFoundReturn; if ( ' (tempH [tempLast] = DmGetlResource (strRsc, RscID))) return notFoundReturn; return MemHandleLock (tempH [tempLast] ) ; }

CharPtr GetStringRscCopyN (CharPtr dst, Int RscID, CharPtr notFoundReturn, ULong size) {

StrCopyN (dst, GetStnngResource (RscID, notFoundReturn), size);

UnlockStnngResource (1) ; return dst; ) ULong GetTypeResource (Int RscID, ULong notFoundReturn) {

ULong type;

CharPtr p; p = GetStnngResource (RscID, NULL); type = p ^Γûá> StrAToType (p) : notFoundReturn; UnlockStnngResource (1) ; return type; ) void UnlockStnngResource (Int unlockCnt) ( if (unlockCnt > 0) ( if (tempLast < 0) if (unlockCnt + tempLast <= 0) tempLast += unlockCnt; unlockCnt = 0; } else unlockCnt += tempLast; tempLast = 0;

if (unlockCnt + tempLast > tempHLen) unlockCnt = tempHLen tempLast; for ' ; unlockCnt > 0 ; ++tempLast, --unlockCnt) if (tempH [tempLast] )

I

ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (

MemHandleUnlock (tempH [tempLast] , I I DmReleaseResource (tempH[tempLast] ) , "UnlkStrR failed"); tempH [tempLast] = NULL; }

/^ΓÖªModification history

980304 SMP cosmetic

970925 SMP initial

*/

/^ΓÖªEOF -

//GetResource. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Int GetlntResource (Int RscID, Int notFoundReturn); extern CharPtr GetStnngResource (Int RscID, CharPtr notFoundReturn) extern CharPtr GetStringRscCopyN (CharPtr dst, Int RscID, CharPtr notFoundReturn, ULong size) ; extern ULong GetTypeResource (Int RscID, ULong notFoundReturn); extern void UnlockStnngResource (Int unlockCnt);

/ΓÖªEOF _ - _ - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - _ - - - ΓÖª/ //GoToRecord. c ΓÇö after Find function, may goto record; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M

Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "AppDBGlobals .h" ΓÖªinclude "GetResource. h"

ΓÖªmclude "GoToRecord. h" ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h" void GoToRecord (GoToParamsPtr goToParams, Boolean launchmgApp) {

Ulnt attr;

EventType event;

Ulnt goToForm;

Word recordNum; ULong umquelD; recordNum = goToParams->recordNum; // identify passed rec num DmRecordlnfo (appDB, recordNum, Sattr, suniquelD, NULL); if ('launchmgApp)

{

FrmCloseAllForms ( ) ; // assume app may be running and needs to clean up

DmFindRecordBylD (appDB, umquelD, &recordNum) ; // mease of re- ordering, use uni╬▒ue ID

)

// Send events to load and goto a form selecting the matching text. goToForm = GetlntResource (goToFormRscID, firstFormDefault) ;

MemSet (&event, sizeof (EventType) , 0) ; event . eType = frmLoadEvent; event .data. frmLoad. formID = goToForm; event. eType = frmGotoEvent; event .data. frmGoto. recordNum = recordNum; event .data. frmGoto.matchPos = goToParams->matchPos; event .data . frmGoto.matchLen = goToParams->searchStrLen; event .data. frmGoto. atchFieldNum = goToParams->matchF╬╣eldNum; event .data. frmGoto. formID = goToForm; EvtAddEventToQueue (Sevent) ; } /^ΓÖªGeneric module addapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13

Modification nistory

980221 SMP cosmetic

971012 SMP simplified version */

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//GoToRecord. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void GoToRecord (GoToParamsPtr goToParams, Boolean launchmgApp);

/^ΓÖªEOF

//Handlers. cΓÇö modified for Emap; ┬⌐ 1997-8 ParetoScope ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppResourceList .h" ΓÖªinclude "CustomHandlers .h" ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals.h" ΓÖªinclude "GenencControlHandler . h' ΓÖªinclude "Handlers. "

ΓÖªinclude "GenencFormHandler .h"

FormEventHandlerPtr FormHandlerTable (Int formN) { switch (formN) { // case (someSpecialForm) : return GenencFormHandler; // define in AppResourceList . h case (nameEtcForm) : return NameEtcFormHandler; case (resultForm) : return ResultFormHandler; case (thankYouForm) : return ThankYouFormHandler; default: return GenencFormHandler;

} } Boolean FormElemHandler (void) {

Boolean handled = false; switch (elementRscType) ( case CMBAR'): //Menu Bar (higher in

EventLoop. c) break; case ('MENU'): //Menu (item) switch (elementID) { default: handled = false;

} break; case CtBTN'): // Button switch (elementID) { default: switch (formID) t default: handled = Gene╧ÇcControlHandler ( } } break; case ('tCBX'): //Check Box switch (elementID) { default: handled = GenencControlHandler () ; } break; case CtFLD') : //Field switch (elementID) { default: ; } break; case ftPBN'): //Push Button switch (elementID) { default: handled = Gene╧ÇcControlHandler ( ) ; } break; case ('tPUT'): //Popup Trigger switch (elementID) ( default: ; } break; case ('tREP'): //Repeating Button switch (elementID) ( default: handled = GenencControlHandler ( ) ; } break; case CtSLT'): //Selector Trigger switch (elementID) { default: ; } break; case CtTBL') : //Table switch (elementID) { default : ; } default: handled = GenencControlHandler () ;

} return handled;

} /^ΓÖª Form & Form Element handlers that may be customized Modifications

980304 SMP cosmetic

971102 SMP flxups

970924 SMP initial

/^ΓÖªEOF -

//Handlers. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 ParetoScope extern FormEventHandlerPtr FormHandlerTable (Int formN) extern Boolean FormElemHandler (void) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF

// Parse. c ΓÇö parse (floating numbers); ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude <ctype.h> ΓÖªmclude "Parse. h" double ParseFloat (char ^ΓÖª*p) { char *c = *p;

Boolean negative = false; double value = 0.0; double digitValue = 1.0;

SkipSpaces ( _c) , if Cc =='-') negative = true; C++;

) else if (*c == ' + ' )

C++; while CO' <= *c &i *c <= '9') // (lsdigit (^ΓÖªc) ) value = value * 10.0 + (float) (*c++ - '0') if (*c == ' . ')

C++; while CO' <= ^ΓÖªc && ^ΓÖªc <= '9') // ds╬▒igit (^ΓÖªc) )

{ digitValue *= 0.1; value += ⁽ * c++ - '0 ') ^ΓÖªdigitValue;

return negative ⁷ -value : value; } // end parseFloat void SkipSpaces (cnar **p) { while (**p == ' ' II **p == '\f || **p == '\n') // (isspace (**p) (*P)++; return; }

/^ΓÖª Modification history

980222 SMP cosmetic

971125 SMP Eliminate ischar for Pilot linking

971121 SMP Initial coding, Flp routines would not link correctly so.

/^ΓÖªEOF - _ _ _ "I

//Parse. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern double ParseFloat (char *⁺p) ; extern void SkipSpaces (char **p) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF

//PilotMain.c - called by emulator, returns error code; ┬⌐ 1997 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppGene╧ÇcDefs.h"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBmfoImt.h" ΓÖªinclude "EventLoop. h"

ΓÖªmclude "GoToRecord. h" ΓÖªinclude "ImtAppDBInfo.h" ΓÖªinclude "Search. h" ΓÖªinclude "StartApplication.h" ΓÖªinclude "StartForm.h" ΓÖªinclude "StopApplication.h" ΓÖªinclude "SyncNotification.h"

DWord P╬╣lotMam(Word cmd, Ptr cmdPBP, Word launchFlags) { switch (cmd) { // commands are defined in SystemMgr.h case (sysAppLaunchCmdNormalLaunch) : if (StartApplication ( ) == OKreturnCode) {

StartFormO; // start / restart EventLoop ( ) ;

StopApplication ( ) , } break; case (sysAppLaunchCmdFmd) :

Search ( (FmdParamsPtr) cmdPBP) ; break; case (sysAppLaunchCmdGoTo) : if (launchFlags & sysAppLaunchFlagNewGlobals)

( if ('StartApplication ()) {

GoToRecord ( (GoToParamsPtr) cmdPBP, true); EventLoop ( ) ;

StopApplication ( ) ; } } else GoToRecord ( (GoToParamsPtr) cmdPBP, false); //running, just show record break; case (sysAppLaunchCmdSaveData) : FrmSaveAllForms ( ) ; //save data, possibly sort db before possiole find break; case (sysAppLaunchCmdSyncNotify) : SyncNotification () ; //may need to recheck db break; case (sysAppLaunchCmdlnitDatabase) : //need to fixup app data in db (eg, categories) AppDBInfolmt ( ( (SysAppLaunchCmdlnitDatabaseType^) cmdPBP) ->dbP) ; break; ) return 0; } /^ΓÖªGeneric application mam routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history 980220 SMP cosmetic changes 970922 SMP initial ^ΓÖª/

/ΓÖªEOF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ */

// ResourceCommon.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner // tSTR resource ID's used to navigate forms and control application ΓÖªdefine firstFormRscID 9999 ΓÖªdefine flrstFormDefault 1000 ΓÖªdefine normalFormMultiple 9998 // normal increment between forms

ΓÖªdefine formMultipleDefault 100 ΓÖªdefine lastFormRscID 9997 ΓÖªdefine lastFormDefault 8900 ΓÖªdefine appTypeRsc 9996

ΓÖª╬▒efme appVersionRsc 9995 ΓÖªdefine appHeaderStr 9994 // for system find invocations ΓÖªdefine goToFormRscID 9993 ΓÖªdefine categoryOODefaultName 9989 ΓÖªdefine categoryOlDefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-1) ΓÖªdefine category02DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-2) ΓÖªdefine category03DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-3) ΓÖªdefine category04DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-4 ) ΓÖªdefine category05DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-5) ΓÖªdefine categoryO╬┤DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-6) ΓÖªdefine category07DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-7) ΓÖªdefine category08DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-8) ΓÖªdefine category09DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-9) ΓÖªdefine categorylODefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-10) ΓÖªdefine categoryllDefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-11^ ΓÖªdefine categoryl2DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-12) ΓÖªdefine categoryl3DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-13) ΓÖªdefine category 4Defau tName (categoryOODefaultName-14 ) ΓÖªdefine categoryl5DefaultName (categoryOODefaultName-15) ΓÖªdefine primaryDBName 9973

ΓÖªdefine p╧ÇmaryDBType (pr╬╣maryDBName-1) ΓÖªdefine primaryDBAppType (pnmaryDBName-2 ) ΓÖªdefine secondaryDBName (pr╬╣maryDBName-3) ΓÖªdefine secondaryDBType (pr╬╣maryDBName-4 ) ΓÖªdefine secondaryDBAppType (pnmaryDBName-5) ΓÖªdefine tertiaryDBName (primaryDBName-6) ΓÖªdefine tertiaryDBType (pr╬╣maryDBName-7 ) ΓÖªdefine tertiaryDBAppType (primaryDBName-8)

// tSTR resources wnose IDs' are relative to each forms ' ID

ΓÖªdefine answerLabelforForm 0 // answer label instead of formID as string

ΓÖªdefine nextFormSpec 1 // when normal increment not desired,

// -1 not allowed

ΓÖªdefine pnorFormSpec 2 // when normal decrement not desired,

// -1 not allowed, -2 for pop

/^ΓÖª tSTR resources wnose IDs' are relative to each form element's ID (or group ID) so individual resource, then group, then form's tSTR's are searched group IDs are added to from ID to make an effective resource ID form input element resource ID's should go by 10 's if a element's ID is less than the form ID, then offset if MOD multiple group ID is handled as usual home form for element / group is used as back up at element & group steps */

ΓÖªdefine answerValue 0 // string value to use instead of implicit

ΓÖªdefine answerLabel 1 // answer label instead of form label

ΓÖªdefine answerDefauit 2

ΓÖªdefine answerMaximum 3

ΓÖªdefine answerM imum 4 ΓÖªdefine answerJump 5 // 0 no, -1 yes to form default, FormID

ΓÖªdefine mustAnswer 6

ΓÖªdefine freshAnswer 7

// form elements with default mtpretations if there is no associated tSTR ΓÖªdefine nextButtonID 1 // IDs offset from formID

ΓÖªdefine backButtonlD 2

ΓÖªdefine restartButtonID 3 xx /* Resource ID map

<= 999 System, according to Tutorial 1.2.2

1000 first form based on CW Constructor

1010 first element m first form

1020 second element, etc

1098 second fixed item, etc

1099 first fixed item in first from, working down

1100 second form 1200 third from, etc 9998 tSTR ╬▒ata

9999 tSTR ╬▒ata for general form processing, works down

> 9999 System, oased on SystemMgr.H

'/

/^ΓÖªModification history 980304 SMP cosmetic 970923 SMP Initial ^ΓÖª/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _*/

//SaveRestoreFie d. c ΓÇö save ana restore chars in a field; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "GetObjectPtr .h"

ΓÖªinclude "SaveRestoreFieid. h" ΓÖªinclude "StrCopyN.h" void SaveField (mt ObjectID, char *cp, ULong maxFieldChars) {

FieldPtr fldP; if (NULL '= (fldP = GetObjectPtr (ObjectID) ) ) ( FldCompactText (fldP) ;

StrCopyN(cp, FldGetTextPtr (fldP) , fldP->textLen > 0 ^Γûá> maxFieldChars : 0) ;

} ) void RestoreField ( t ObjectID, cnar ^ΓÖªcp) (

FieldPtr fldP; VoidHand tempH; if (NULL '= (fldP = GetObjectPtr (ObjectID) )

&& NULL '= (tempH = MemHandleNew (fldP->maxChars) ) )

{

StrCopy (MemHandleLock (tempH) , cp, fldP->maxChars) ;

MemHandleUnlock (tempH) ; FldSetTextHandle(fldP, tempH) ;

//FldDrawField (fIdP) ; // but not need before form draw

/^ΓÖªModification history

980222 SMP initial file

^ΓÖª/

/ΓÖªEOF _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ΓÖª/ //SaveRestoreFieid. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void SaveF╬╣eld(mt Ob ectID, char ^ΓÖªcp, ULong maxFieldChars); extern void RestoreField ( t ObjectID, char ^ΓÖªcp) ;

/ΓÖªEOF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/ //ScoreCalculation. c ΓÇö calculate EnrichMap category score; ┬⌐1997-8 Paretoscope

ΓÖªmclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "AppResourceList .h" ΓÖªinclude "GetResource. h"

ΓÖªinclude "Parse. h"

ΓÖªinclude "ScoreCalculation. "

ΓÖªinclude "Storelnput .h" mt likelyCategory; double score [categories] ; void ScoreCalculation (void)

{ char *c; t formID; t elementID; t l; for (I = 0; I < categories; ╬╣++) score [I] = 0.0; if (NULL '= (c = GetStnngResource (categoryConstants, NULL))) ( for (╬╣ = 0; l < categories; ╬╣++) score [l] = ParseFloat (&c) ; UnlockStnngResource (1) ; } for (Firstlnput (SformlD, .elementID); formID; Nextlnput ( .formID,

&elementID) ) ( if (NULL '= (c = GetStnngResource (formID + 10 + answerMultipliers,

'))) for (l = 0; l < categories; ╬╣++) scored] += ParseFloat (&c) ^ΓÖª ((elementID - formID) / 10) UnlockStnngResource (1) ; }

for (I = likelyCategory = categories - 1; ΓÇöl >=0; ) if (score [likelyCategory] < score [I] ) likelyCategory = I; return;

/^ΓÖªModification history 980221 SMP cosmetic 971124 SMP initial coding */ /ΓÖªEOF - - _ _ - _ - - - _ _ _

//ScoreCalculation. h ┬«1997-8 Paretoscope extern void ScoreCalculation (void

ΓÖªdefine categories 6 extern int likelyCategory; extern double score [ categories ] ;

/^ΓÖªEOF

//Search. c ΓÇö find a record, invoked by system Find feature; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M

Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppDBClose.h"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBGlobals .h"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBOpen.h"

ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h"

ΓÖªinclude "drawStrmglnBounds . h" ΓÖªinclude "GetResource. h" ΓÖªinclude "Search . h" void Search (FindParamsPtr f dParams)

{ VoidPtr appDBRecP;

Ulnt cardNo;

LocallD dbID;

Boolean full;

CharPtr header; Word pos; RectangleType r;

VoidHand recordH;

Ulnt recordNum; if (AppDBOpenO I! DmOpenDatabaselnfo (appDB, sdblD, 0, 0, &cardNo, 0)) fmdParams->more = false; // no point in bemg called further if DB does not open else { header = GetStnngResource (appHeaderStr, "Application"); //set heading full = FmdDrawrieader (fmdParams, header); UnlockStnngResource (1) ; for ( recordNum = f╬╣ndParams->recordNum; //pickup checking records where told

NULL '= (recor╬▒H = DmQueryNextlnCategory (appDB, SrecordNum, dmAllCategories) )

&& 'full; recordNum++)

{ if (FmdStrlnStr (appDBRecP = MemHandleLock (recordH) , fmdParams->strToFmd, &pos) ) { if (true == (full = FmdSaveMatcn (fmdParams, recordNum, pos, 0, 0, cardNo, dbID) ) ) recordNum--; // need to visit this record again else f // Get the bounds of the region where we will draw the results .

FmdGetLmeBounds (fmdParams, &r) ; // Display the record in the search dialog. We move in one pixel // so that when the record is inverted the left e╬▒ge is solid. . topLeft . x++; r . extent .xΓÇö ;

DrawStrmglnBounds (appDBRecP, &r) ; // line is used for the record. fmdParams->l╬╣neNumber++ ;

} MemHandleUnlock (recordH) ; fmdParams->more = (NULL '= recordH);

AppDBClose ( ) ;

/^ΓÖªGeneric module addapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification history

980221 SMP changed stopping logic 971012 SMP simplified version ^ΓÖª/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - ΓÖª/

//Search. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void Search (FindParamsPtr fmdParams) ; /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//Serial. c ΓÇö serial interface test code; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> //ΓÖªinclude <Ser╬╣alL╬╣bMac.h> ΓÖªinclude <Ser╬╣alMgr .h>

ΓÖªdefine serialPortNum 0 ΓÖªdefine defaultBaudRate 57600 ΓÖªdefine testMsg "Abe Def\r\n" static Int openStatus = false; static Ulnt senalLibRefNum; extern void SerialTest (void) ; static Err Se╧Çallnit (void)

Err error = false; if ( ' openStatus) if ('(error = SysLibFind ("Serial Library", .senalLibRefNum))) if ('(error = SerOpen (senalLibRefNum, serialPortNum, defaultBaudRate) ) ) openStatus = true; return error; } voi╬▒ SerialTest (void) {

ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (Seriallmt () , "Se╧Çallnit trbl.");

ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (SerClearErr (senalLibRefNum), "SerClearErr trbl."); // no error returned, just clears

ΓÖªif EMULATION_LEVEL == EMULATION_NONE

ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (SerSendVlO (senalLibRefNum, testMsg, sizeof (testMsg) )

, "SerSend trbl. ") ; ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (SerSendWait (senalLibRefNum, serDefaultCTSTimeout ) , "SerSendWait trbl."); //5^sysT╬╣cksPerSecond

ΓÖªendif ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (SerClose (senalLibRefNum)

, "SerClose trbl ") ; // serErrNotOpen may not be error }

/^ΓÖªModification history 980221 SMP cosmetic 971115 SMP initial coding */

/ΓÖªEOF - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _*/

//StartApplication. c -- initialization, including opening mam database; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "AppGlobals .h" ΓÖªinclude "AppDBGlobals .h"

ΓÖªmclude "AppDBOpen.h" ΓÖªinclude "GetResource. h" ΓÖªinclude "ResourceCommon.h"

ΓÖªinclude "StartApplication. h"

ΓÖªinclude "StoreFieldlnput .h"

ΓÖªmclude "StrCopyN.h" Boolean StartApplication (void) {

//SystemPreferencesType sysPrefs;

//PrefGetPreferences (SsysPrefs) ; appType = GetTypeResource (appTypeRsc, appTypeDefault) ; appVersion = GetlntResource (appVersionRsc, appVersionDefault) ; if ( i PrefGetAppPreferencesVlO (appType, appVersion, appPreferences, sizeof (appPreferences) ) ) { StrCopyN (appPreferences, appPrefDefault, sizeof (appPreferences). ^'

PrefSetAppPreferencesVIO (appType, appVersion, appPreferences, sizeof (appPreferences) ) ; }

// Clear out name fields ClearFieldlnput ( ) ; return AppDBOpen ( ) ; }

/^ΓÖªGeneric routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarnor Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13

980221 SMP cosmetic cnanges */ /ΓÖªEOF - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//StartApplication. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern Boolean StartApplication (void) ; /*EOF - - - _ - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - */

//StartForm. c -- go to first form based on resource definitions; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "GetResource . n"

ΓÖªmclude "ResourceCommon.h" ΓÖªinclude "StartForm. h" void StartForm(void) {

FrmGotoForm (GetlntResource (firstFormRscID, firstFormDefault ) ) ; }

/^ΓÖªGeneric application mam routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13

980220 SMP cosmetic changes */ /ΓÖªEOF _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - */ //StartForm. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void StartForm(vo╬╣d) ;

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - _ - - ΓÖª/ //StopApplication. c ΓÇö oackout things setup in StartApplication; ┬⌐ 1997-8

Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "AppGlobals . ╧Ç"

ΓÖªinclude "AppDBClose . n" ΓÖªinclude "StopApplication. h" void StopApplication (void) { FrmCloseAllForms ( ) , // frmCloseEvent to all forms (outside of

EventLoop control)

// Close database

ErrNonFatalDisplaylf (AppDBClose () , "Trouble closing DB.");

// Save preferences & state initialized in StartApplication PrefSetAppPreferencesVIO (appType, appVersion, appPreferences, sizeof (appPreferences) ) ; }

/^ΓÖªGeneric routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13 Modification History 980221 SMP cosmetic changes 971115 SMP V10 call for compatibility under new SDK 970927 SMP original adapted from Tutorial

/^ΓÖªEOF */

//StopApplication. ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void StopApplication (void) ;

/ΓÖªEOF _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ -

//StoreFieldlnput . c ΓÇö store and restore) name fields, etc; ┬⌐ 1997-

ParetoScope

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "AppGene╧ÇcDefs .h" ΓÖªinclude "AppResourceList ,h" ΓÖªinclude "CommonFormGlobals.h"

ΓÖªmclude "GetResource. h"

ΓÖªmclude "SaveRestoreFieid. h" ΓÖªinclude "ScoreCalculation. h" ΓÖªinclude "StoreFieldlnput .h" mt f╬╣eldL╬╣st[] = (lastName, firstName, clientNumber } ; const int maxFieldChars = 32; char fieldStrmg [arrayLength (fieldList) ] [maxFieldChars] ; void ClearFieloInput (void) t l ; for (l = arrayLength (fieldList) ; -i >= 0; ) f╬╣eldStr╬╣ng[╬╣] [0] = '\0'; void SaveFieldlnput (void) t l ; for (I = arrayLength (fieldList) ; ΓÇöI >= 0; )

SaveField ( fieldList [l] + formID, fieldStrmg [1] , maxFieldChars) void RestoreFieldlnput (void) mt l ; for (l = arrayLength (fieldList) ; ΓÇöI >= 0; )

RestoreField (fieldList [I] + resultForm, ieldStrmg [l] ) ; RestoreF╬╣eld(resultF╬╣eld + resultForm, GetStnngResource (likelyCategory + resultText + formID,

"Error. Please report."));

UnlockStnngResource (1) ; } /* Modification history

980222 SMP separated out low level Pilot calls, & cosmetic fixes

971125 SMP Use likelyCategory to set response

971123 SMP Initial coding

*/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//StoreFieldlnput. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 ParetoScope extern void ClearFieldlnput (void) ; extern void SaveFieldlnput (void) ; extern void RestoreFieldlnput (void) ;

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - _ - _*/

//Storelnput. c ΓÇö store inputs from form; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "Storelnput .h" const tableLen = 29; //should be prime typedef struct { mt formID; mt elementID; } formElementPair; const empty = 0; static formElementPair table [tableLen] ; Boolean tablelmtialized = false; formElementPair ^ΓÖªpossibleEntry (mt formID); void Clearlnput (void) { tablelmtialized = false;

} void Savelnput ( mt formID, mt elementID) { formElementPair ^p; ErrFatalDisplaylf (NULL == (p = possibleEntry ( formID) )

I I (p->formID '= formID && p->formID '= empty), "Input table overflow."); p->formID = formID; p->elementID = elementID; return;

} mt Restorelnput (mt formID) { formElementPair *p = possibleEntry (formID) ; return p && p->formID == formID ^*> p->elementID : NULL; } formElementPair ^ΓÖªpossibleEntry (mt formID) { int probe, toCheck; if ('tablelmtialized) tablelmtialized = true; for (probe = tableLen; ΓÇöprobe >=0;) table [probe] . formID = empty; } for (probe = formID % tableLen, toCheck = tableLen;

ΓÇötoCheck >= 0 && table [probe] .formID '= empty && table [probe] . formID '= formID; prooe = (probe + 1) % tableLen) return Stable [probe] ;

int nextPair = -1; void Firstlnput ( t ^ΓÖªformlDp, mt ^ΓÖªelementlDp) { nextPair = tableLen - 1;

Nextlnput (formlDp, elementlDp); } void Nextlnputdnt ^ΓÖªformlDp, mt ^ΓÖªelementlDp) while (nextPair >= 0 && table [nextPair] . formID == empty) ΓÇönextPair; if (nextPair >= 0)

{

^ΓÖªformlDp = table [nextPair] . formID; ^ΓÖªelementlDp = table [nextPair] . elementID; ΓÇönextPair; } else

^ΓÖªformlDp = ^ΓÖªelementlDp = empty; return; } /^ΓÖª Modification history 980222 SMP cosmetic

971121 SMP Initial coding, simple hash design, element ID only ^ΓÖª/ /^ΓÖªEOF _ _ _ */

//Storelnput. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern void Clearlnput (void) ; extern void Firstlnput (mt ^ΓÖªformlDp, mt ^ΓÖªelementlDp); extern void Nextlnputdnt ^ΓÖªformlDp, mt ^ΓÖªelementlDp); extern void Savelnput (int formID, int elementID); extern int Restorelnput (mt formID);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ */

//StrAToType. c ΓÇö convert ascn to "type" type; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªmclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "StrAToType. h" ULong StrAToType (CharPtr str) {

Int n;

CharPtr p;

ULong type = ' ' ; for (n = sizeof (type) , p = (CharPtr) &type; ΓÇön >= 0 & *str; ; ^ΓÖªp++ = ^ΓÖªstr++; return type; } /^ΓÖªModification history

980222 SMP cosmetic

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - //StrAToType.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern ULong StrAToType (CharPtr str); /ΓÖªEOF - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

//StrCopyN. c -- string copy with limit; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªmclude "StrCopyN. h"

CharPtr StrCopy (CharPtr dst, CharPtr src, ULong n) { if (n '= 0) while (ΓÇön && (*dst++ = *src++) '= 0) ; if (n == 0) *dst++ = NULL; return dst; }

/^ΓÖªModification history 980221 SMP cosmetic

970926 SMP initial coding (st╬▒ function, but not on Pilot) */ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//StrCopyN. h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern CharPtr StrCopyN (CharPtr dst, CharPtr src, ULong n) ;

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//SyncNoti ication. c ΓÇö let application know about syncronizations; ┬⌐ 1997-

Seth M Powsner

ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h>

ΓÖªinclude "SyncNotification.h"

Err SyncNotification (void) //dummy routine { return (0) ; /^ΓÖªGeneric routine adapted from MemoPad.c per CodeWarrior Targettmg Palm OS v.1.2.1 pp.13

Modification history

980221 SMP cosmetic

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

//SyncNotification.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Setn M Powsner extern Err SyncNotification (void) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF

//TestCode.cΓÇö generic Test Code routine stub; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude "AppResourceList. h" ΓÖªinclude "TestCode.h"

Boolean TestCodednt formID)

{ //SoundManager . h

SndPiaySystemSound (sndWarmng) ; //to signal code bemg tested //add code here return true;

) /^ΓÖªModification history

980303 SMP cosmetic

971120 SMP initial use

*/

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _*/

//TestCode.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner

Boolean TestCodednt formID);

/ΓÖªEOF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - _*/ //ToStr.c ΓÇö various type to string conversions; ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner ΓÖªinclude <P╬╣lot.h> ΓÖªinclude <NewFloatMgr .h> ΓÖªinclude "ToStr.h" static char ^ΓÖª StrUToA2 (char ^ΓÖªp, ULong u, Boolean leadmgZero) ; static cnar convertBuf [8] [12] ; static Word convertBufNext = 0; ΓÖªdefine convertBufNextMask 7; cnar ^ΓÖª FloatToSt (double di {

FlpCo pDouble ^ΓÖªp = (void ^ΓÖª) &d; convertBufNext = (convertBufNext + 1) & convertBufNextMask; FlpFToA(p->fd, convertBuf [convertBufNext ]) ; return convertBuf [convertBufNext] ; } char ^ΓÖª IntToStr (/*long*/╬╣nt i) { convertBufNext = (convertBufNext + 1) & convertBufNextMask; return StrlToA (convertBuf [convertBufNext] , l) ; char ^ΓÖª ULongToStr (ULong i) { convertBufNext = (convertBufNext + 1) & convertBufNextMask; return StrUToA2 (convertBuf [convertBufNext] , I, false); char * ULongToStrFixed (ULong I) { convertBufNext = (convertBufNext + 1) & convertBufNextMask; return StrUToA2 (convertBuf [convertBufNext] , I, true); } static ULong powersOfTen[ ] = (1000000000, 100000000, 10000000, 1000000, 100000, 10000, 1000, 100, 10,

0) char ^ΓÖª StrUToA2 (char *p, ULong u, Boolean leadingZero) { char ^ΓÖªdp = p; int i;

ULong ^ΓÖªtenp; for (tenp = &powersOfTen[0] ; ^ΓÖªtenp; tenp++)

{ i = (int) (u/ (*tenp) ) ; leadingZero |= (i != 0) ; if (leadingZero)

*dp++ = ("0123456789") [i] ; u -= i * (^ΓÖªtenp) ;

} ^ΓÖªdp++ = ("0123456789") [u] ; ^ΓÖªdp++ = 'u' ; ^ΓÖªdp = NULL; return p;

}

/^ΓÖªModification history 980222 SMP cosmetic

971115 SMP added StrUToA & StrUtoAFixed

971113 SMP renamed ToStr.c, ULongToStr added;

970921 SMP separated out

*/ /ΓÖªEOF - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - -

//ToStr.h ┬⌐ 1997-8 Seth M Powsner extern char ^ΓÖª FloatToStr (double d) ; extern char ^ΓÖª IntToStr ( longVint i) ; extern char ^ΓÖª ULongToStr (ULong i) ; extern char ^ΓÖª ULongToStrFixed (ULong i) ;

/^ΓÖªEOF