WO1999037444A1 - Improved process for polishing granite surfaces - Google Patents

Improved process for polishing granite surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999037444A1
WO1999037444A1 PCT/ES1999/000025 ES9900025W WO9937444A1 WO 1999037444 A1 WO1999037444 A1 WO 1999037444A1 ES 9900025 W ES9900025 W ES 9900025W WO 9937444 A1 WO9937444 A1 WO 9937444A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polishing
stone
increased
abrasive material
porosity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES1999/000025
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Agustín HERNANDEZ FRANCES
Original Assignee
Hernandez Frances Agustin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hernandez Frances Agustin filed Critical Hernandez Frances Agustin
Priority to AU21652/99A priority Critical patent/AU2165299A/en
Publication of WO1999037444A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999037444A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
    • B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
    • B24D3/18—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for porous or cellular structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties

Definitions

  • the present invention falls within the technical field of polishing granite and similar stones.
  • the present invention provides an improved method for polishing granite already installed or placed on cladding surfaces, such as floors, where it is not possible to apply the same techniques that are applied in factories.
  • the present invention as indicated in its statement relates to an improved method for polishing granite surfaces.
  • the method of the present invention allows to considerably reduce the necessary pressure to be exerted on the surface to be polished, according to traditional methods.
  • the hardness of the polishing stone is reduced by 50 to 80% compared to conventional stones, preferably 70%;
  • the porosity of the polishing stone is increased by 40 to 60%, preferably 50%,
  • the amount of abrasive material is increased by 30 to 60%, preferably 50%, - the revolutions of the grinding machine are increased to a value of 800 to 900 rpm. , preferably 870-880 rpm. , when the usual is 710 rpm. approximately .
  • magnesium chloride and magnesite chloride intended primarily to increase or decrease hardness and elasticity.
  • Common salt, intended to impart porosity to the stone may also be mentioned.
  • Other suitable materials to impart porosity are pumice and certain plastics. The need to use these compounds depends on the type of excipient used.
  • Excipients may include cement, certain resins, and other similar materials. Normally, if cement is used as an excipient, it is usually not necessary to apply hardening chlorides. However, in the case of resins if necessary.
  • An illustrative formulation of conventional grinding stones is as follows: - 20% by weight of carborundum, - 4 -
  • the surface of a granite floor installed in an establishment with an approximate surface of 54.5 m2 was polished.
  • the hardness was modified so that it was 70% lower than the hardness of said range of conventional grinding stones. Its porosity was modified to be 50% higher than that of the conventional stone range.
  • the range of stones modified according to the invention included an amount of abrasive material (carborundum) of 50% more than the conventional one.
  • Polishing was carried out using a conventional mobile grinding machine weighing approximately 195 kg, but with revolutions increased to a value of 880.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The polishing of the granite surface is carried out by using a mobile polishing machine of the conventional type which is provided with a polishing stone comprised of abrasive material of which the hardness has been reduced by 50-80 % and of which the porosity has been increased by 40-60 % and the abrasive material proportion has been increased by 30-60 % with respect to conventional stones; the revolutions per minute of the polishing machine have also been increased up to a value of 800-900 rpm. This improved process applies to the building sector.

Description

1 - one -
TITULO DE LA INVENCIÓNTITLE OF THE INVENTION
MÉTODO MEJORADO PARA PULIR SUPERFICIES DE GRANITO. CAMPO TÉCNICO DE LA INVENCIÓNIMPROVED METHOD FOR POLISHING GRANITE SURFACES. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se encuadra dentro del campo técnico del pulido del granito y piedras similares.The present invention falls within the technical field of polishing granite and similar stones.
En especial la presente invención proporciona un método mejorado para el pulido de granito ya instalado o colocado en superficies de revestimiento, tales como suelos, donde no es posible aplicar las mismas técnicas que se aplican en fábricas.In particular, the present invention provides an improved method for polishing granite already installed or placed on cladding surfaces, such as floors, where it is not possible to apply the same techniques that are applied in factories.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA ANTERIOR A LA INVENCIÓNSTATE OF THE ART PRIOR TO THE INVENTION
En fábrica, el granito se pule con piedras abrasivas refrigeradas con agua. En ocasiones el devastado se hace con diamante industrial, para ahorrar tiempo. El resto del trabajo se efectúa con piedras cada vez más finas, entre ocho y doce pasadas con distintos granos de piedras. Las máquinas de pulir en fábrica aplican sobre el granito presiones de entre tres y cinco Kg/cm . En la última pasada, o última piedra, se ha conseguido terminarlo tan fino que, y ayudado por la composición química de esta última, se obtiene el brillo propio del granito, esta terminación es la conocida como "brillo natural" o "a la piedra" .In the factory, the granite is polished with water-cooled abrasive stones. Sometimes the devastated is made with industrial diamond, to save time. The rest of the work is done with increasingly fine stones, between eight and twelve passes with different stone grains. Factory grinding machines apply pressures of between three and five kg / cm to the granite. In the last pass, or last stone, it has been possible to finish it so fine that, and aided by the chemical composition of the latter, the shine typical of granite is obtained. This finish is known as "natural shine" or "to stone "
Para conseguir dicha terminación con el suelo colo- cado, se necesitarían máquinas con más de dos mil kilogramos. Las máquinas móviles más grandes existentes en el mercado, no superan los trescientos Kg, y ya son bastante pesadas para trabajar. Además, nos encontramos con el problema añadido, de que los pisos colocados presentan juntas (de hasta 4 o 5 mm) , debiendo ser rebajadas o devastadas para igualar la altura de todo el conjunto.To achieve this finish with the floor in place, machines with more than two thousand kilograms would be needed. The largest mobile machines on the market, do not exceed three hundred kg, and are already heavy enough to work. In addition, we find the added problem that the placed floors have joints (up to 4 or 5 mm), and must be lowered or devastated to equalize the height of the entire set.
En los últimos años han salido diamantes para las máquinas móviles de pulir con lo que se consigue devastar el granito y dejarlo bastante fino, pero no se consigue la misma terminación que en fábrica, porque el brillo se - 2 -In recent years diamonds have come out for mobile polishing machines, which devastate granite and leave it quite fine, but the same finish as in the factory is not achieved, because the shine is - 2 -
ha de conseguir con abrillantadores, cristalizadores o "potea". Con este proceso, la duración es muy limitada, tanto frente al rozamiento como a los productos abrasivos y/o ácidos de limpieza como lejías, aguafuerte, etc. DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓNIt must be obtained with polishes, crystallizers or "potea". With this process, the duration is very limited, both against friction and abrasive products and / or cleaning acids such as bleach, etching, etc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención tal y como se indica en su enunciado se refiere a un método mejorado para pulir superficies de granito.The present invention as indicated in its statement relates to an improved method for polishing granite surfaces.
Variando las características convencionales de las piedras (dureza, porosidad,...), y las revoluciones de trabajo de la máquina, el solicitante ha conseguido poder pulir todo tipo de granito colocado en el suelo, ya sea viejo o deteriorado, como nuevo y sin pulir, obteniendo la terminación de "brillo natural", o brillo a la piedra con igual o similar resistencia y duración que el acabado en fábrica.By varying the conventional characteristics of the stones (hardness, porosity, ...), and the working revolutions of the machine, the applicant has been able to polish all types of granite placed on the ground, whether old or deteriorated, like new and unpolished, obtaining the "natural shine" finish, or stone shine with the same or similar resistance and duration as the factory finish.
Esencialmente, el método de la presente invención permite reducir considerablemente la presión necesaria que hay que ejercer sobre la superficie a pulir, según los métodos tradicionales.Essentially, the method of the present invention allows to considerably reduce the necessary pressure to be exerted on the surface to be polished, according to traditional methods.
El método de la presente invención se caracteriza porque :The method of the present invention is characterized in that:
- se reduce la dureza de la piedra de pulir (muela) en un 50 a 80% respecto a las piedras convencionales, preferentemente un 70%;- the hardness of the polishing stone (grinding wheel) is reduced by 50 to 80% compared to conventional stones, preferably 70%;
- se incrementa la porosidad de la piedra de pulir en un 40 a 60%, preferentemente un 50%,- the porosity of the polishing stone is increased by 40 to 60%, preferably 50%,
- se incrementa la cantidad de material abrasivo en un 30 a 60%, preferentemente un 50%, - se incrementan las revoluciones de la máquina de pulir hasta un valor de 800 a 900 rpm. , preferentemente de 870-880 rpm. , cuando lo habitual son 710 rpm. aproximadamente .- the amount of abrasive material is increased by 30 to 60%, preferably 50%, - the revolutions of the grinding machine are increased to a value of 800 to 900 rpm. , preferably 870-880 rpm. , when the usual is 710 rpm. approximately .
La composición habitual de dichas piedras convencio- nales es la siguiente: - 3 -The usual composition of such conventional stones is as follows: - 3 -
• Material abrasivo: aproximadamente 20% (p/p)• Abrasive material: about 20% (p / p)
• Materiales para impartir propiedades físicas : aproximadamente 75% (p/p)• Materials to impart physical properties: approximately 75% (w / w)
• Excipientes: aproximadamente 5% (p/p) Entre los materiales abrasivos cabe destacar entre otros el carborundo, el corindón y similares, pudiéndose emplear uno solo o una mezcla de varios de ellos, sin exceder en total el porcentaje señalado del 20% en peso. Normalmente, el criterio de selección de estos materiales es que tengan capacidad para rayar el cuarzo, exceptuando el diamante. Se emplean distintos tamaños de granulos para cada pasada, escalonando los tamaños en función de las necesidades del pavimento.• Excipients: approximately 5% (w / w) Among the abrasive materials, carborundum, corundum and the like can be highlighted, among others, being able to use a single or a mixture of several of them, without exceeding in total the indicated percentage of 20% in weight. Normally, the selection criteria for these materials is that they have the ability to scratch quartz, with the exception of diamond. Different sizes of granules are used for each pass, staggering the sizes according to the needs of the pavement.
Entre los compuestos para impartir propiedades físi- cas pueden mencionarse el cloruro de magnesio y el cloruro de magnesita destinados principalmente a aumentar o disminuir dureza y elasticidad. También puede mencionarse la sal común, destinada a impartir porosidad a la piedra. Otros materiales adecuados para impartir porosidad son la piedra pómez y ciertos plásticos. La necesidad de emplear estos compuestos depende del tipo de excipiente utilizado.Among the compounds for imparting physical properties may be mentioned magnesium chloride and magnesite chloride intended primarily to increase or decrease hardness and elasticity. Common salt, intended to impart porosity to the stone, may also be mentioned. Other suitable materials to impart porosity are pumice and certain plastics. The need to use these compounds depends on the type of excipient used.
Entre los excipientes pueden mencionarse el cemento, ciertas resinas, y otros materiales similares. Normalmen- te, si se emplea cemento como excipiente no suele ser necesario aplicar cloruros enducerecedores . Sin embargo, en el caso de las resinas si son necesarios.Excipients may include cement, certain resins, and other similar materials. Normally, if cement is used as an excipient, it is usually not necessary to apply hardening chlorides. However, in the case of resins if necessary.
A nivel industrial, lo más importante es conseguir un perfecto equilibrio entre las diferentes propiedades físicas para que cada una de las piedras abrasivas, de bastas a finas, ejerza su efecto de forma óptima sin forzar el sistema.At an industrial level, the most important thing is to achieve a perfect balance between the different physical properties so that each of the abrasive stones, from rough to fine, exerts its effect optimally without forcing the system.
Una formulación ilustrativa de las piedras de pulir convencionales es la siguiente: - 20% en peso de carborundo, - 4 -An illustrative formulation of conventional grinding stones is as follows: - 20% by weight of carborundum, - 4 -
- 37% en peso de cloruro de magnesio- 37% by weight of magnesium chloride
- 28% en peso de cloruro de magnesita- 28% by weight of magnesite chloride
- 10% en peso de sal común- 10% by weight of common salt
- 5% en peso de resina MODOS DE REALIZACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN- 5% by weight of resin MODES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ilustra adicionalmente mediante el siguiente ejemplo no limitativo de su alcance.The present invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting example of its scope.
EJEMPLOEXAMPLE
Se pulió la superficie de un suelo de granito instalado en un establecimiento con una superficie aproximada de 54,5 m2.The surface of a granite floor installed in an establishment with an approximate surface of 54.5 m2 was polished.
Se partió, como punto de referencia, de una gama de piedras de pulir convencionales de la siguiente composición media: - 20% en peso de carborundo,As a reference point, a range of conventional grinding stones of the following average composition was used: - 20% by weight of carborundum,
- 37% en peso de cloruro de magnesio- 37% by weight of magnesium chloride
- 28% en peso de cloruro de magnesita- 28% by weight of magnesite chloride
- 10% en peso de sal común- 10% by weight of common salt
- 5% en peso de resina Se modificó la dureza de modo que fuera un 70% inferior a la dureza de dicha gama de piedras de moler convencionales . Se modificó su porosidad para que fuera un 50% superior a la de la gama de piedras convencionales.- 5% by weight of resin. The hardness was modified so that it was 70% lower than the hardness of said range of conventional grinding stones. Its porosity was modified to be 50% higher than that of the conventional stone range.
En la gama de piedras modificadas según la invención se incluyó una cantidad de material abrasivo (carborundo) del 50% más de la convencional.The range of stones modified according to the invention included an amount of abrasive material (carborundum) of 50% more than the conventional one.
Se llevó a cabo el pulido empleando una máquina de pulir móvil convencional con un peso aproximado de 195 Kg, pero con unas revoluciones aumentadas a un valor de 880.Polishing was carried out using a conventional mobile grinding machine weighing approximately 195 kg, but with revolutions increased to a value of 880.
El resultado fue un suelo perfectamente pulido con un excelente acabado de "brillo natural" que no precisó el empleo adicional de abrillantadores, ni cristalizadores. The result was a perfectly polished floor with an excellent "natural shine" finish that did not require the additional use of polishes or crystallizers.

Claims

- 5 - - 5 -
REIVINDICACIONES 1.- Método mejorado para pulir superficies de granito, especialmente suelos de granito, en el que el pulido se lleva a cabo con una máquina pulidora móvil que no ex- cede de 300 Kg. dotada de una piedra de pulir a base de un material abrasivo, estando caracterizado dicho método porque :CLAIMS 1.- Improved method for polishing granite surfaces, especially granite floors, in which polishing is carried out with a mobile polishing machine that does not exceed 300 Kg. Equipped with a polishing stone based on a abrasive material, said method being characterized in that:
- se reduce la dureza de la piedra de pulir en un 50-80%, con respecto a la dureza de las piedras convencionales,- the hardness of the polishing stone is reduced by 50-80%, compared to the hardness of conventional stones,
- se incrementa la porosidad de la piedra de pulir en un 40-60%, con respecto a la porosidad de las piedras convencionales ,- the porosity of the polishing stone is increased by 40-60%, with respect to the porosity of conventional stones,
- se incrementan las revoluciones de la máquina has- ta un valor de 800-900 rpm.- machine revolutions are increased to a value of 800-900 rpm.
- se incrementa la cantidad de material abrasivo en la piedra de pulir en uno 30-60%,- the amount of abrasive material in the polishing stone is increased by 30-60%,
2.- Método según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el material abrasivo constitutivo de la piedra de pulir es carborundo mezclado con resina y sales.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasive material constituting the polishing stone is carborundum mixed with resin and salts.
3. Método según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la reducción de dureza de la piedra es del 70%.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stone hardness reduction is 70%.
4. Método según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el incremento de porosidad de la piedra es del 50%.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the increase in stone porosity is 50%.
5. Método según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el incremento en la cantidad de material abrasivo de la piedra es del 50%. 5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the increase in the amount of abrasive material of the stone is 50%.
PCT/ES1999/000025 1998-01-27 1999-01-27 Improved process for polishing granite surfaces WO1999037444A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU21652/99A AU2165299A (en) 1998-01-27 1999-01-27 Improved process for polishing granite surfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9800144A ES2141038B1 (en) 1998-01-27 1998-01-27 IMPROVED METHOD FOR POLISHING GRANITE SURFACES.
ESP9800144 1998-01-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999037444A1 true WO1999037444A1 (en) 1999-07-29

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AU (1) AU2165299A (en)
ES (1) ES2141038B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999037444A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2730665A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-11 Lippert H Gmbh Grindstones for wet grinding - contg. curable hydrophilic satd. polyester or epoxy! resin binder
FR2458356A2 (en) * 1979-06-06 1981-01-02 Fochesato Archangelo Mobile grinder for dressing marble floor - uses three grinding wheels suspended round plate with drive imparted to both grinders and plate
US4385907A (en) * 1979-08-22 1983-05-31 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Resinoid bonded grinding wheel with support member made of a heat insulating material
FR2568811A1 (en) * 1984-08-09 1986-02-14 Zucco Serge Abrasive grinding wheels for polishing rocks and process for manufacturing them
EP0628382A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-14 Tadao Kodate Plastic flexible grinding stone
WO1995008417A1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-03-30 Norton Company Process for inducing porosity in an abrasive article

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2730665A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-11 Lippert H Gmbh Grindstones for wet grinding - contg. curable hydrophilic satd. polyester or epoxy! resin binder
FR2458356A2 (en) * 1979-06-06 1981-01-02 Fochesato Archangelo Mobile grinder for dressing marble floor - uses three grinding wheels suspended round plate with drive imparted to both grinders and plate
US4385907A (en) * 1979-08-22 1983-05-31 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Resinoid bonded grinding wheel with support member made of a heat insulating material
FR2568811A1 (en) * 1984-08-09 1986-02-14 Zucco Serge Abrasive grinding wheels for polishing rocks and process for manufacturing them
EP0628382A1 (en) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-14 Tadao Kodate Plastic flexible grinding stone
WO1995008417A1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-03-30 Norton Company Process for inducing porosity in an abrasive article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2141038A1 (en) 2000-03-01
ES2141038B1 (en) 2004-11-01
AU2165299A (en) 1999-08-09

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