WO1999032174A1

WO1999032174A1 - Portable medicament dispenser for time delayed administration of injection or infusion preparations

Info

Publication number: WO1999032174A1
Application number: PCT/DE1998/003767
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ok Kyung Cho
Original assignee: Arithmed Gmbh
Priority date: 1997-12-19
Filing date: 1998-12-21
Publication date: 1999-07-01

Abstract

Disclosed is a portable device for time delayed administration of liquid medicaments, comprising a repository for receiving at least one medicament and which can be attached to the body for administration of said medicament, in addition to a distribution unit enabling said medicament to be administered. The invention is characterised in that the repository can be introduced directly into the body and is formed in such a way that a boundary surface is created for each filling level of the medicament between the medicament and the emptied volume of the tank, whereby said surface is small in comparison with usual medicament dispensers in which the receptacle is emptied as a result of deformation of a membrane and the membrane and cannulla adapters located towards the outlet can be damaged in the case of incorrect handling. The invention provides a novel repository enabling trouble-free operation. It consists of a pneumatic device and a corresponding method for automated time-delayed liquid distribution, wherein selectively permeable materials are used to enable the fluid to pass while retaining the propellant medium. In another embodiment, the distribution of fluid is electronically controlled or electronically dosed. Determination of dosage and the moment of distribution is based on individual circadian rhythm which is detected by appropriate sensors both before and during the application during a sufficient period of time.

Description

Portable medication dispenser for the delayed administration of injection or infusion preparations

description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 65. Devices of this type are used as portable medication dispensers in order to dispense smaller quantities of medication one time at a time, in several doses or continuously over a certain period of time. No. 5,090,963 describes a portable medication dispenser which has a detachable reservoir with a cannula for dispensing medication located thereon. The reservoir consists of two bell-shaped halves, one rigid and the other flexible, i.e. movable membrane is designed. The reservoir can be fastened on the side of the membrane to a basic device of the device, which itself has a membrane of the same size, which closes a volume filled with an electrolyte. In the operational device, both membranes touch; their common position and thus the volume of the electrolyte or the reservoir are variable. Initially, the reservoir is completely filled and the volume of the electrolyte fluid is minimal. To displace the drug, gas is generated by electrolysis, which presses the device membrane against the reservoir membrane and thus presses the drug from the reservoir through the cannula into the human body.

WO 95/13838 describes a similar medicament dispenser which uses electrolytic gas generation to exert pressure on a membrane and thereby displace a medicament from a reservoir. This medication dispenser is attached directly to the skin via an adhesive surface on its underside and pierces it with a hollow needle through which the medication is dispensed. Points on its outside the donor includes an electrolysis cell and various electronic control elements.

Both medication dispensers have in common that a controlled deformation or expansion of a flexible membrane reduces a reservoir volume, the electrolytic gas generation in each case causing the deformation of the membrane. The membrane or the membranes each separate the electrolysis liquid from the medicament to be administered as a deformable partition.

In addition, a large number of other medicament dispensers are known which deform a membrane in another way, for example by means of a mechanical spring or by means of a piezoelectric pump. All medication dispensers contain at least one membrane for separating the medication to be administered from the medium of a pressure chamber and differ only in the type of pressure build-up.

Since every membrane as a deformable part of a medication dispenser is generally more susceptible to wear and damage than a mass-produced part, the use of a membrane in a medication dispenser bears a fundamental risk of malfunctions and thus damage to health. A rupture of a membrane or a leak can lead to the leakage of the medication or, in the case of an electrolytically operating dispenser, to the leakage of electrolyte liquid or the mixing of the electrolyte and medication. In addition, in the event of leaks, which can result from the production-related assembly of a large number of parts of different materials or from external influences, such as improper handling by the user, air can penetrate into the medication reservoir and, in the worst case, get into the body. Once air has entered the reservoir, it only depends on the orientation of the donor attached to the body of the moving or sleeping patient whether the drug or air is pumped into the body instead. Leaks can NEN not only in the membrane or in its socket, but on all interfaces of assembled parts and in particular between the reservoir and the insertion cannula. Although the risk of leakages in the area of the membrane, the reservoir and the insertion cannula can be largely reduced by a solid construction, there is basically a residual risk that malfunctions will occur if handled improperly.

Nevertheless, it seems inevitable to provide a deformable membrane, since this is the only way to reduce the volume of the drug reservoir and to displace the drug from it.

Another disadvantage of conventional medication dispensers is the complicated structure of a pump unit, which controls the build-up of the required excess pressure, for example with the aid of electrolytic gas generation. This results in correspondingly high costs, in particular when the reservoir and the pump unit are manufactured as one unit. The alternative version as a basic device with an exchangeable reservoir, on the other hand, carries a much higher risk of injury to the reservoir membrane.

In view of the disadvantages mentioned, the task is to provide a medication dispenser which excludes from the outset the dangers of liquid leakage or air leakage mentioned by a novel, simple and inexpensive construction.

This object is achieved for the device by the characterizing part of claim and for the method by the characterizing part of claim 65. According to claim 1, which is based on a device with at least one reservoir, an insertion element and with a dispensing unit, the invention provides that the reservoir is shaped such that at each filling level of the liquid to be administered, an interface between the liquid and one already emptied volume of the reservoir is small. This requires a substantial channel-like shape of the interior of the reservoir, in which the liquid is received in the form of a liquid column. The small diameter of the reservoir or the liquid column of, for example, one millimeter or less requires a correspondingly large channel length.

However, this form, which initially appears to be absurd for a storage container, has the advantage that a minimal area - namely the surface of the liquid level in the channel - is available as the point of application of the pump pressure to the liquid at any filling level during the liquid discharge. This eliminates the need for large-area membranes for the first time; in addition, due to the small area of the liquid level, a separating element between the pumping medium and the liquid can be dispensed with entirely. Instead of the membrane holder, the other walls of the reservoir, the connection between the reservoir and the cannula, there is now only a channel-like interior of the reservoir, which offers no point of attack for leaks. The inside of the reservoir is thus protected from all sides against leaks caused by production or handling. Wear-prone parts are not required. In the simplest case, the reservoir is a hose or a tube, which can optionally be wound up or bent in some other way.

This simple and yet unused form of the medication reservoir is also much cheaper than conventional chambers with large-area membranes. A conventional membrane equivalent is completely unnecessary, so that the pressure of a medium for conveying the liquid is transferred directly to the liquid column, for example by means of media such as compressed gases or gas mixtures, liquid media or a gas generated by chemical reactions or in some other way.

Despite the direct contact of the medium with the liquid level, the use according to the invention of the capillary forces or the adhesion and cohesion forces ensures that the liquid is completely dig remains in the area between the fill level and the outlet opening, whereas in a conventionally compact reservoir chamber an inclined position of the device would already be sufficient to pump compressed air into the body together with it in the reservoir, unless additional protective mechanisms are provided. According to the characteristics of claim 2, the reservoir can be inserted directly into the body.

In the solution proposed here, leakage of the medicament dispenser on the outlet side in particular is to be prevented. In the conventional design, the reservoir is connected on the outlet side to a hollow needle or cannula which is inserted into the body. Due to the massive construction of the medication dispenser, damage is most likely to be expected at the point of contact between the reservoir and the insertion cannula or hollow needle, for example, when the cannula is pulled or in other rough handling.

DE 4342 105 AI and US Pat. No. 5,795,305 describe a method and a device for the non-invasive determination of the concentration of glucose in parts of the human body, in particular in human blood, by carrying out extremely precise temperature measurements of the human body. In this case, the temperature measurement data of the device are compared with a calibration function using a mathematical evaluation algorithm and corresponding concentration values are assigned to the measurement values.

Profile measurements of the blood glucose concentration during the day and night show similarities with the circadian rhythm in the human body, which remain recognizable even when different factors such as diet or age vary. The circadian rhythm is understood to mean an endogenously controlled approximately 24-hour rhythmicity, which all biological functions caused by the daily fluctuations in geophysical environmental factors in the Senses of timer effects are synchronized. The circadian rhythm controls, among other things, the periodic body temperature.

According to a first embodiment, the device has, on the one hand, a pneumatic control and administration of the liquid, and a flow sensor with regard to monitoring and controlling the metering. Furthermore, the device has means for temperature or heat measurement which, like extensive specific research by the applicant have shown in the meantime, beyond the applications mentioned in DE 43 42 105 AI and in US Pat. No. 5,795,305, suitable for determining the individual circadian rhythm by frequent measurements on an individual over a sufficient period of time (for example several days, weeks or months) . At the same time, additional parameters such as pulse rate and / or blood pressure, etc. are measured. This data is evaluated electronically. By means of this evaluation, current unusual changes in vegetative functions or states, which manifest themselves in a change in the individual circadian rhythm, can be recorded and, if necessary, automatically treated by the administration of appropriate medication by means of the device according to the invention. The method can also be used, among other things, to determine the fertile days in women and to detect fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration.

According to another embodiment, the point in time at which the liquid is dispensed is achieved by a timing control which is based on the fact that a limited amount of a buffer medium passes through a passage per unit of time. The liquid is then dispensed using the same force used to force the buffer medium through the passage. Without restricting the generality, this force can be applied by compressed air, i.e. it can be pneumatic in nature. According to a further embodiment, the metering is controlled on the one hand by means of a sensor which measures the flow of the dispensed liquid or a driving pump medium and uses it to control the dispensing of the liquid. Without restricting generality, this can be, for example, a differential pressure sensor that measures the pressure drop in said liquid or a conveying medium via a capillary or other suitable constriction. On the other hand, the course of the individual body temperature is recorded over a sufficiently long period of time by at least one temperature and / or heat sensor, so that the circadian rhythm of an individual is recorded, and deviations from this rhythm can be determined. Without restricting generality, the temperature sensor can be, for example, a semiconductor (for example a PTC or NTC), a thermocouple or a resistance thermometer. The sensor (s) can be internal or externally connected to the device according to the invention directly, for example via cables, or indirectly, ie wirelessly, for example by radio, infrared, ultrasound, etc.

Another embodiment provides that the reservoir is essentially tubular or tubular or is formed from a tube or a tube. The use of a flexible tube or a rigid tube as a reservoir is the simplest way to provide a reservoir that has a minimal liquid surface at every filling level of the medication. Conventional, commercially available hoses can be used. In this way, a particularly inexpensive reservoir is provided. The waveguide used can also be shaped and in particular curved, which creates a compact and easy-to-use reservoir.

According to a further embodiment, it is provided in particular that the reservoir is wound in a spiral or coil-like manner or appropriately arranged in another way. An example of a circular cylindrical reservoir shape made of one or more spirals lying one above the other len can be worn well on the body and leaves space in the middle for a dispensing unit which effects or initiates the liquid delivery.

A further embodiment provides that the reservoir is tapered or tapered at an end that can be inserted into the body. This enables the reservoir to be inserted directly into the body without the need for a hollow needle or a prior puncture. A further embodiment provides that the reservoir is bent or angled at the end that can be inserted into the body. A reservoir permitted in this way can, for example, be wound spirally and open directly into the body from the center of the spiral.

Another embodiment provides a puncture aid and a septum, which is partially inside the reservoir. The septum serves to seal the hose of the reservoir after removal of the internal puncture aid.

Another embodiment provides that a limiting element, such as a ball, which is movable with the filling level, is arranged in the interior of the reservoir. The movable limiting element serves to further reduce the already small surface of the liquid level, namely to the ring area between the ball diameter and the inner reservoir diameter. This prevents even the smallest interaction of the pump medium with liquid. When the liquid is conveyed by a pump gas, such as air, the ball, which moves with the filling level, permits a visible control of the filling state of the reservoir in the case of a transparent reservoir hose. With conventional medication dispensers, however, the dose administered can only be indicated indirectly, for example with the aid of a display.

Another embodiment provides that when emptying the

Reservoirs hits the ball with an obstacle and prevents further administration. The reservoir can still be one Residual volume of liquid included. This ensures that the inflowing pump medium never reaches the body. As soon as the fill level and thus the ball has reached the obstacle, the ball automatically closes the reservoir; the pump medium that follows it cannot enter the body. The obstacle can be, for example, an annular reduction in the reservoir diameter, but can also consist in the bend in front of the angled reservoir end. Finally, the obstacle itself prevents the ball or the limiting element from entering the body. Depending on the reservoir size and length, a dose reading scale can be provided.

Another embodiment provides that the reservoir for dispensing several liquids or quantities of liquids is branched or otherwise subdivided. In this way, multiple drugs or multiple drug doses can be administered. The type of branching is basically arbitrary; it is only essential that the diameter of all hollow channels is sufficiently small everywhere.

An alternative embodiment provides that the reservoir has a flat, compact or three-dimensional shape and is provided with a large number of intermediate walls on the inside. Such a reservoir has a labyrinth-like channel system with preferably a single, alternatively also a branched, multiple winding channel. In this way, a medical patient can be accommodated in a reservoir of conventional size and still ensure that a minimal contact surface is available for direct pressure transmission at any filling level within the channel.

A preferred embodiment provides that chemicals, for example one or more self-foaming plastic components such as polyurethane or volatile substances or also biologically active substances such as enzymes or microorganisms, are provided for the displacement of the medicament from the reservoir or for the temporal dissolution or speed control of this displacement. are seen. These substances can be provided at a rear end of the reservoir and can undergo volume-increasing reactions alone or through the action of the dispensing unit; the drug is thus pushed out of the reservoir tube. Such a hydraulic or pneumatic process, depending on the substance, can equally be provided for time control.

When using such substances for pumping operation, a further embodiment provides that the reservoir is closed at a rear end.

An alternative embodiment provides that the thermal decomposition of a chemical substance is provided for displacing the medicament from the reservoir or for timing or speed control of this displacement. This is used for the irreversible decomposition of a small amount e.g. of a relatively large gas volume released by an organic or inorganic blowing agent.

Another alternative embodiment provides that the thermal expansion of a gas or the evaporation of a liquid is provided for displacement of the medicament from the reservoir or for timing or for speed control of this displacement. The irreversible expansion of a small amount caused by the internal pressure is used e.g. 5 gas-filled hollow microspheres made of a thermoplastic.

A further development of the invention provides that the reservoir has a gas-permeable but liquid-impermeable element in front of the end which can be inserted into the body and which allows a residual amount of a pump gas to escape. In the case of medication pumped with a pump gas, such a window prevents gas from entering the body. To convey a pump medium, further embodiments provide a micropump, for example a micromembrane pump, which can be operated piezoelectrically, electrostatically or thermoelectrically.

In the case of pumped gas delivery, a further embodiment provides a pressure container for displacing the medication from the reservoir, for triggering it in time and / or for controlling the speed of this displacement. This pressure vessel can be a gas-filled pressure or vacuum vessel or a vacuum vessel. The latter is suitable for bringing two liquids into contact with one another, for example, by sucking in a piston and triggering a volume-increasing reaction. In the case of an overpressure container, a timely precise control of the start of dispensing can be achieved by means of a critical nozzle.

Another embodiment provides that when the liquid is displaced from the reservoir and for the temporal dissolution or speed control of this displacement, a cylinder or a similarly suitable form is present in which a piston is located at the end, which is made of solid, liquid, sol or gel-like material can exist and, for example, by means of gas pressure acts on a chamber at the opposite end of which there is a passage (for example nozzles, diaphragms, membrane filters, in particular micro or nano nozzles, materials suitable for diffusion or active biomembranes or others active membranes), which is suitable for slowly letting out a buffer medium located in the said chamber and in this way allows a desired time control. Said piston is designed such that after a certain stroke determined by the timing control, it opens a further outlet which acts as a connection between the cylinder and the reservoir and enables said gas pressure to administer the liquid.

A further development of this embodiment provides that said cylinder Linder and the reservoir are one and the same component, the cross section corresponding to that of the previous reservoir, and the liquid to be administered itself serves as a piston for displacing the buffer medium. In this embodiment, the passage at the end of the cylinder is divided into two and has selectively permeable devices which each pass only the buffer medium or only the liquid, which is then released directly or indirectly into the body. Said selectively permeable devices are, for example, membrane filters or materials suitable for diffusion or other active membranes, e.g. B. Biomembranes.

According to a further development of the invention, a sensor, in particular a glucose sensor, is provided. With its help, the time, duration and scope of administration can be individually controlled.

According to another development of the invention, a flow sensor is provided for controlling the amount of said liquid to be dispensed, for example a differential pressure sensor, which measures a pressure drop across a defined capillary. A further provided suitable electronic component, for example a microcontroller, determines the amount of liquid dispensed per time or the total amount of liquid dispensed and, if necessary, controls or interrupts the dispensing of the liquid, for example by controlling said micro-membrane pump.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the device is designed to deliver the smallest amounts of insulin in the range from a few to a few hundred microliters.

One embodiment of the invention provides that a suitable selectively permeable device is attached to the outlet end of the reservoir, which device allows the liquid to pass through, but completely or largely retains the subsequent said medium. This embodiment also provides that at the input end of the re- servoirs on which said medium enters, a suitable selectively permeable device is attached, which allows said entering medium to pass through, but retains all or most of said liquid. Said selectively permeable devices consist of membrane filters or of materials suitable for diffusion or of active biomembranes or corresponding other active membranes.

The object of the invention described at the outset is achieved with respect to the method in that the liquid is stored in a reservoir with a small cross section at each filling level and is conveyed by direct action on the filling level without a substantial change in volume or shape of the reservoir.

While the construction of conventional medication dispensers, the medication can apparently only be pumped by reducing the reservoir volume, the inventive idea with regard to the method consists in effecting the liquid with a suitable choice of the reservoir shape without any change in shape. This leads to the device construction described in detail above, which is much simpler and less expensive than the prior art.

A preferred embodiment provides that the liquid is pumped using a medium, in particular air. By feeding the ambient air into the rear end of the reservoir, there is no need for a separate pump medium container.

An alternative embodiment provides that at least two substances are mixed to trigger a pumping process. These substances are preferably in liquid or solid form in or near the rear end of the reservoir.

With regard to the introduction of the reservoir into the body, an invented embodiment according to the invention that the reservoir is first inserted into the body with the aid of a puncture aid and this is then removed.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the administration of the liquid is controlled with the aid of a sensor. The use of such sensors with which the concentration of the administered medicament in the body is measured is particularly expedient, or such sensors with which the amount of liquid administered is measured directly or indirectly. In particular, one embodiment provides that the concentration of a substance in the body is measured, for the change of which the respective medication is released. This substance can be blood glucose without restricting the general inventive concept.

Another embodiment provides that a time control of the liquid delivery is achieved by the movement of a piston in a cylinder. A driving force acts on the piston, for example through compressed air, in such a way that the piston acts on a buffer medium, for example air, located in the cylinder and presses it outwards through a passage at the opposite end of the cylinder. The passage is designed in such a way that a limited amount of the buffer medium escapes per unit of time. This passage consists of one or more openings, such as nozzles, orifices, or membrane filters, in particular of micro or nano nozzles, or of materials suitable for diffusion or of active biomembranes or corresponding other active membranes. The piston is made of solid material.

One version of this embodiment provides that the piston consists of a sol- or gel-like substance or a liquid. In this case, said cylinder is a capillary, possibly wound.

A further development of this embodiment provides that the piston initially keeps a connection between the cylinder and the reservoir closed and releases it through its movement in said cylinder after a certain time and enables the driving force to administer the liquid. In this case, a suitable selectively permeable membrane prevents the piston substance from escaping from the cylinder and in particular prevents the piston substance from entering the reservoir.

In another development of this embodiment, the piston itself consists of the liquid to be administered, as a result of which a separate reservoir is unnecessary. In this case, said passage for said buffer medium is protected against the passage of the liquid by means of a suitable selectively permeable membrane, while another selectively permeable membrane in the immediate vicinity of the aforementioned membrane allows the liquid to pass through, but retains the buffer medium. The liquid then enters the body directly through a suitable device, for example an injection needle.

Another embodiment provides that the liquid is administered in an electronically controlled manner by means of a dispensing unit, for example by means of a micro membrane pump. The pumped quantity of pumped medium or the quantity of liquid administered is measured by means of a flow sensor, the measured values of which for controlling the dose delivered are expanded / developed by means of suitable electronics. In particular, this embodiment provides that both said electronics and said flow sensor and optionally said delivery unit are combined into a unit on a suitable substrate using hybrid technology.

A further embodiment has external sensors which measure the body temperature or heat (e.g. thermistors or thermopiles) and the pulse frequency (e.g. microphones or electrodes), possibly also the blood circulation (e.g. optical sensors for measurement in transmission and / or scattered light geometry) and the Blood pressure of an individual Record duums, record over a sufficiently long period of time and determine the individual circadian rhythm using a programmable electronic component, for example a microcontroller. Certain deviations from the long-term behavior of the circadian rhythm can be recognized in this way and compensated for by administration of an appropriate liquid medication. Without limiting the generality, the said certain deviations can be fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration.

A further development of this embodiment provides that the sensory part of the device is wholly or partially internal, i.e. is integrated into the device itself.

A further development of this embodiment provides that the reservoir has a selectively permeable membrane on the outlet side (i.e. on the side facing the body), which allows the liquid to pass through, but retains a pumping or other pumping medium.

A further development of the above-mentioned embodiments provides that the reservoir has a selectively permeable membrane on the inlet side (i.e. on the side facing the acting force) which allows a pumping or other pumping medium to pass through, but which retains the liquid.

Another embodiment provides that the liquid is conveyed directly or indirectly by means of a solid, liquid or gaseous conveying medium.

Another embodiment provides that the device contains several reservoirs and several identical or different drives for conveying one or more identical or different liquids, which can be combined with one another as desired. Another embodiment provides that the device is programmed and / or remotely controlled via an internal or external input unit, wherein the input unit can be worn on the body and has, for example, the shape of a wristwatch. Both said input unit and the device itself have transmitting and receiving units via which they can communicate with one another. The device can be programmed with complex dispensing patterns for the liquid to be administered, for example continuously, discontinuously with uniform or non-uniform intervals.

A preferred embodiment also includes one or more trigger devices, e.g. Push buttons, for additional spontaneous administration of defined amounts of liquid.

Further preferred designs of the device and its attachment to the body are waterproof or water-resistant, in particular also against perspiration, and thus enable the user to perform normal daily activities or sports, such as e.g. Bathing, showering, swimming, etc.

The invention is described below without restricting the general inventive concept with reference to the figures. 1a shows a cross section and FIG. 1b shows a plan view of the medicament dispenser according to the invention. The same components of the dispenser are provided with the same reference numerals.

The medication reservoir 2 and the delivery unit are connected to a plaster 1 with which they are attached to the human body. The reservoir 2 is a medicament-filled cannula tube which is spirally wound in several planes and is therefore arranged in a space-saving manner. It is inserted through the skin into the subcutis at its angled, pointed end 6. In the center of the reservoir ring there is a delivery unit which, depending on the embodiment, has various elements. In FIGS. 1a and 1b, playfully refers to an operation intended to receive programming data, such as a photodiode 3, an active pump drive, such as a micromembrane pump 4, and an energy source 5. The delivery unit designed in this way serves to displace the medication from the reservoir or to trigger this displacement in time or to control its speed. The medication or medications administered can be administered once or in several adjustable doses. The mode of administration is by no means limited to subcutaneous introduction, it also extends to intramuscular, intravenous or intraperitoneal administration. A puncture aid can be used to facilitate the direct insertion of the reservoir, for example the hose. This is then removed again while the reservoir remains in the puncture opening. The reservoir can, for example, be dimensioned for medicament doses from 10 to 120 and possibly up to 500 or more microliters and can be designed as an individually replaceable disposable part. A wide variety of media, for example noble gases such as argon, or air or a saline solution can be used to displace the medicament from the reservoir. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to evaporate a volatile substance using a heating element. In addition to the pump drive, these substances can also be used for time control.

The entire device can be a single unit to be attached to the body, but can also consist of a separately carried control module and an exchangeable or partially exchangeable medication unit and, if necessary, have an additional separate programming unit.

Claims

claims

1. Portable device for the delayed administration of liquids and in particular liquid medication, with at least

- A reservoir (2) for holding at least one liquid

an insertion element which can be inserted into a body for the administration of the liquid (s), and

- A dispensing unit which causes or causes the administration of the liquid, characterized in that the reservoir is shaped in such a way that the interface between the liquid and the already emptied volume of the reservoir is small at each filling level of the liquid.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir can be inserted directly into the body.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reservoir is substantially tubular or tubular or consists of a hose or a tube.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the reservoir is arranged such that it has small external dimensions.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the reservoir is wound in a spiral or coil shape.

6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reservoir is flat compact or three-dimensionally compact and is provided with a plurality of intermediate walls inside.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reservoir is tapered or tapered at an end insertable into the body (6).

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the reservoir is bent or angled at an insertable end into the body (6).

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized by a piercing aid located partially inside the reservoir and a septum.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the interior of the reservoir is arranged with the filling level with moving limiting element.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the limiting element is a ball.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the limiting element meets an obstacle or a stop before completely emptying the reservoir and thus prevents further administration of the liquids.

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that chemicals are provided for displacing the liquid from the reservoir and / or for triggering or speed control of this displacement.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the chemicals are one or more self-foaming plastic components such as polyurethane or volatile substances or biologically active substances such as enzymes or microorganisms.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a thermal decomposition of a chemical substance which is timed with the aid of an electronic circuit is used for the drive, in which a gas volume is released.

16. The device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a time-controlled thermal expansion of a medium is used for the drive with the aid of an electronic circuit, which leads to an increase in volume.

17. The device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for conveying the liquid from the reservoir e.g. a micropump (4), such as a micro-diaphragm pump (4), is provided.

18. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 17, characterized in that the liquid is conveyed directly or indirectly by means of a solid, liquid or gaseous medium.

19. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the micropump is driven piezoelectrically, electrostatically or thermoelectrically.

20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the delivery unit, a buffer or Delivery medium and a passage are present, and that the passage allows only a limited amount of buffer medium to escape per unit time.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the buffer medium is a pump gas, such as. Is oxygen or nitrogen.

22. The apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that a pressure vessel is provided for the buffer medium.

23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the reservoir is closed at a rear end.

24. Device according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the reservoir has a gas-permeable but liquid-impermeable element in front of the insertable end into the body, which allows a residual amount of a pump gas to escape.

25. Device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a differential pressure sensor measures the pressure drop of the liquid to be administered or the buffer or delivery medium via a capillary or another suitable constriction.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the output signal of the differential pressure sensor is used to control the delivery rate per unit of time.

27. The device according to one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that the passage from one or more openings, such as micro or nano nozzles, orifices, or from one or consists of several micro- or nanopore membranes, or one or more diffusion membranes or one or more active biomembranes.

28. Device according to one of claims 17 to 27, characterized in that the buffer medium is transported, for example pumped or displaced, directly or indirectly by means of a medium by means of positive or negative pressure.

29. Device according to one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that at least one mechanical element is provided, the movement of which promotes the buffer medium.

30. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the mechanical element is a piston.

31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that the piston releases a previously closed connection to the liquid reservoir when a certain position is reached.

32. Apparatus according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the piston is moved by means of mechanical force, by positive or negative pressure, by an electrical or magnetic force or by one or more chemical reactions.

33. Apparatus according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the piston consists of a solid, a gel-like, solar or liquid material.

34. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the piston itself consists of the liquid to be administered

35. Apparatus according to claim 34, characterized in that the passage has at least one selectively permeable device so that the piston material can not or almost not pass through the passage.

36. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that one or more selectively permeable devices at the end of the piston stroke in or on the wall of the piston housing are inserted or attached such that the liquid to be introduced can pass through the device, but the buffer medium completely or largely withheld.

37. Apparatus according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the selectively permeable devices consist of pore membranes, solubility / diffusion membranes or of active biomembranes or corresponding other active membranes.

38. Device according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that a single assembly forms both the reservoir and the delivery unit.

39. Device according to one of claims 1 to 38, characterized in that at least one sensor is provided, the output signal of which serves to control the amount of liquid to be administered.

40. Apparatus according to claim 39, characterized in that the sensor is a temperature and / or heat sensor which determines the individual circadian rhythm of the person to whom the liquid is to be supplied by measuring the body temperature over a longer period of time.

41. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that the temperature and / or heat sensor is connected to at least one pulse sensor which measures the individual pulse frequency.

42. Apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that the pulse sensor has one or more microphones).

43. Apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that the pulse sensor has electrodes for measuring the action currents of the heart or other suitable currents.

44. Device according to one of claims 39 to 43, characterized in that the temperature sensor from one or more semiconductors, for example NTC and / or PTC elements, from one or more thermocouple (s), from one or more resistance thermometers ( n) or consists of a combination of these measuring elements.

45. Device according to one of claims 39 to 44, characterized in that the at least one sensor is a perfusion sensor, for example an induction current or induction voltage sensor, a thermal sensor or one or more optical ^) sensor (s), wherein said optical sensor (s) can be used for measurements at suitable body parts in transmission geometry and / or in scattered light geometry.

46. Device according to one of claims 39 to 45, characterized in that the at least one sensor is a glucose sensor.

47. Device according to one of claims 39 to 46, characterized in that the sensors for temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure, or blood circulation are arranged wholly or partially internally in the device.

48. Device according to one of claims 39 to 46, characterized in that the sensors for temperature, pulse frequency, blood pressure or blood circulation are arranged wholly or partially externally and with the delivery unit signaling directly, for example via cable, or indirectly, i.e. are connected wirelessly, for example by radio, infrared, ultrasound, etc.

49. Device according to one of claims 39 to 48, characterized in that an evaluation and control unit is provided which has, for example, a microcontroller.

50. Apparatus according to claim 49, characterized in that the evaluation and control unit, the individual circadian rhythm from the measured values of the temperature sensors, taking into account the pulse frequency, blood circulation and / or blood pressure and / or the amount of liquid delivered per time or the total amount of liquid delivered determined from the measured differential pressure.

51. Device according to claim 50, characterized in that the evaluation and control unit controls the device from the determined values and / or causes and / or ends the dispensing of the liquid.

52. Apparatus according to claim 50 or 51, characterized in that the evaluation and control unit stores the measured values or the determined values of the individual circadian rhythm.

53. Device according to one of claims 26 to 52, characterized in that the differential pressure sensor and / or the delivery unit and / or the evaluation and control unit are combined on a suitable substrate in hybrid technology.

54. Device according to one of claims 1 to 53, characterized in that the reservoir for dispensing several liquids and in particular medication or quantities of medication is branched or otherwise subdivided.

55. Device according to one of claims 1 to 54, characterized in that a suitable membrane filter is attached to the outlet end of the reservoir, which allows the liquid to pass through, the following said medium, i.e. the pumping or pumping medium, however, completely or for the most part.

56. Device according to one of claims 1 to 55, characterized in that a suitable membrane filter is attached to the inlet end of the reservoir at which said medium enters, said medium entering, i.e. the pump or Pumped medium, allows to pass, but said liquid completely or largely retains.

57. Device according to one of claims 1 to 56, characterized in that the device is designed to dispense the smallest amounts of medication in the range from a few to a few hundred microliters.

58. Device according to one of claims 1 to 57, characterized in that the device contains a plurality of reservoirs and a plurality of identical or different drives for conveying one or more identical or different liquids which can be combined with one another as desired.

59. Device according to one of claims 1 to 58, characterized in that the device is programmed and / or remotely controlled via an internal or external input unit.

60. Device according to one of claims 1 to 59, characterized in that the input unit can be worn on the body and has, for example, the shape of a wristwatch.

61. Device according to one of claims 1 to 60, characterized in that both said input unit and the device itself can communicate with one another via transmitting and receiving units.

62. Device according to one of claims 1 to 61, characterized in that the device with complex delivery patterns e.g. is programmed continuously, discontinuously with uniform or non-uniform intervals.

63. Device according to one of claims 1 to 62, characterized in that the device and / or input unit one or more triggering devices, e.g. Push button, for additional spontaneous administration of defined amounts of liquid.

64. Device according to one of claims 24 or 25, characterized in that a barrier medium is present which is located between said liquid and said pumping or conveying medium and is unsuitable for passing through the membrane filter on the outlet side.

65. Method for the mobile administration of liquid medicaments, in which at least one medicament is stored and administered with a time delay, characterized in that the medicament is in a reservoir (2) is stocked with a small cross-section at each filling level and is conveyed by direct action on the filling level without any significant change in volume or shape of the reservoir.

66. The method according to claim 65, characterized in that the medicament is pumped or conveyed by means of a medium, for example with air.

67. The method according to claim 65, characterized in that at least two substances are mixed to trigger a pumping process.

68. The method according to any one of claims 65 to 67, characterized in that the reservoir is first inserted into the body with the aid of a puncture aid and this is then removed.

69. The method according to any one of claims 65 to 68, characterized in that the processing of the liquid is controlled with the aid of a further sensor for measuring conditions outside the device itself, for example a glucose sensor.

70. The method according to any one of claims 65 to 69, characterized in that said further sensor is connected directly or indirectly to the device and in particular that said further sensor is part of the device.

71. The method according to any one of claims 65 to 70, characterized in that the device and its attachment to the body are waterproof or water-resistant, in particular to perspiration, and thus enable the user to perform normal daily activities or sports, such as bathing, showering, swimming , Etc..

72. Method for the mobile administration of liquids, in which at least one liquid is stored and administered with a time delay, the liquid being stored in a reservoir with a small cross-section at each filling level and without any significant change in volume or shape of the reservoir by direct action on the Filling level is promoted, characterized in that a time-delayed delivery of said liquid / liquids takes place in that a buffer medium passes through a passage such that only a certain amount of the buffer medium passes through the passage per unit time.

73.Method for the mobile administration of liquids, in which at least one liquid is stored and administered with a time delay, the liquid being stored in a reservoir with a small cross section at each filling level and without any substantial change in volume or shape of the reservoir by direct action on the Filling level is promoted, characterized in that the flow of the liquid or the flow of a conveying medium is measured and used to control the dosage, further characterized in that the body temperature, the pulse rate and / or the blood pressure via one or more sensors of an individual is recorded over a period of time which makes it possible to determine deviations from the individual circadian rhythm and, if appropriate, causes the delivery unit to automatically dose a corresponding medicament.