WO1999011869A1 - Structures de palplanches en acier - Google Patents

Structures de palplanches en acier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999011869A1
WO1999011869A1 PCT/GB1998/002257 GB9802257W WO9911869A1 WO 1999011869 A1 WO1999011869 A1 WO 1999011869A1 GB 9802257 W GB9802257 W GB 9802257W WO 9911869 A1 WO9911869 A1 WO 9911869A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piles
connecting member
wall
web
connector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/002257
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Graham Robert White
Michael Patrick Byfield
Original Assignee
British Steel Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9718284.4A external-priority patent/GB9718284D0/en
Application filed by British Steel Limited filed Critical British Steel Limited
Priority to AU85497/98A priority Critical patent/AU8549798A/en
Publication of WO1999011869A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999011869A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to steel sheet piling structures and more especially to a system for constructing a structure from linked individual steel sheet piles.
  • the invention also relates to connectors for linking steel sheet piles to produce piling structures.
  • Steel sheet piles are used in general and marine engineering as permanent structures inter alia for retaining walls, basements, underground car parks, pumping stations, bridge abutments and marine structures. These are only examples of such structures.
  • the side edges of many steel sheet piles are shaped to define longitudinal links for connection to neighbouring piles.
  • These piles include those known as Larssen or "U” piles with Larssen interlocks (Larssen is a Registered Trade Mark of British Steel PLC).
  • Larssen or "U” piles with Larssen interlocks
  • U-shaped interlocking piles For the sake of simplicity, such piles will hereinafter be referred to as U-shaped interlocking piles.
  • the present invention relates particularly to structures produced from U-shaped interlocking piles and connectors for use with these interlocking piles.
  • a U-shaped interlocking pile comprises a pan defined by a central flange flanked by inclined side walls and each longitudinal link is formed with a longitudinally extending clutch having a locking toe of generally triangular cross-section which stands proud of a lip which extends along each side edge of the pile, the lip lying generally normal to the adjoining pile surface.
  • the space between the toe and the lip defines a recess for receiving a locking toe of an adjoining pile.
  • the lip defines the bottom wall of this recess.
  • High modulus sheet piling structures include those known as "king" or “combined” sheet pile walls.
  • Such sheet pile walls are fabricated from primary elements normally comprising steel tubular piles or "I"-sections, and secondary elements comprising steel sheet piles installed in the spacing between the primary elements and connected thereto by interlocks.
  • An example of a combined sheet pile wall is shown in FR-A- 1 557902. In these walls, strength is provided essentially by the primary elements.
  • Examples of double-walled sheet pile structures are disclosed in GB- PS-1 343203.
  • the sheet pile walls of such structures are cold-formed and interconnected by elongate members each of which comprises a web whose ends terminate in flanges which are shaped to define parallel-sided hooks which interlock with longitudinal links of opposed sheet piles.
  • the hooks are formed in the flanges by bending each longitudinal edge of each flange back on itself towards the respective web with the returned flange edge lying generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flange itself.
  • the longitudinal edges of each sheet pile are similarly bent back on themselves towards the centre line of the sheet pile body with each returned edge lying generally parallel to this centre line.
  • Connecting devices for individual Larssen piles and wall-like structures produced by linking individual Larssen piles using connectors are disclosed in GB-PS-1295359 and FR-PS-2671500. These connecting devices are not structural members and have no function other than to link adjoining piles where directional changes and continuity is required. Generally, they include locking toes of triangular of other cross-section which define with wall portions of the connecting devices recesses which receive and engage adjoining locking toes of Larssen piles to be joined.
  • this invention sets out to provide steel sheet piling structures which exhibit increased strength and stiffness characteristics when compared with conventional structures whilst attaining a saving in material in terms of weight per elevation area.
  • a sheet pile wall structure having a generally corrugated profile which comprises first and second spaced rows of interlocking steel sheet piles with a plurality of elongate connectors linking interlocks of the piles of one row to interlocks of the piles of the other row to define a substantially corrugated profile, each connector defining a load bearing structural member of the wall structure and is of a length sufficient to span a distance at least equal to the pan depth of each pile with the neutral axis of the wall structure passing through each connector.
  • neutral axis is meant the axis which passes through the centroid of the wall structure, its orientation being governed by the plane of bending. The significance of the neutral axis is that during plane bending, the material on one side of the neutral axis is in compression whilst on the other side it is in tension.
  • Each connecting member may include a web at least one of whose edges is formed with a lip having a wall portion which lies in a plane which subtends an angle of between 70° and 1 10° to the longitudinal axis of the web and a toe which is of generally triangular cross-section and is upstanding from the wall portion and defines with the lip and the web a recess for receiving a locking toe of an interlocking sheet pile.
  • a wall structure of generally corrugated profile which comprises a plurality of interlocking steel sheet piles connected by a plurality of load bearing structural elongate connecting members to define the required generally corrugated profile of the wall structure, each connecting member having a central web formed at each of its end with a flange having a wall portion which lies in a plane which subtends an angle of between 70° and 1 10° to the longitudinal axis of the web and an end portion upstanding from the wall portion of generally triangular cross-section which defines with the flange wall portion and the web a shaped recess, each connecting member being of a length sufficient to span a distance at least equal to the pan depth of each pile with the neutral axis of the wall structure passing through each connecting member.
  • the wall structure may define a generally curved or straight wall structure with changes in direction or corners as required.
  • the longitudinal links defined by the inwardly turned side edges of the piles may include an inclined face which, on assembly of the sheet piles to the connecting members, lies in contact with a complementary inclined face of the links of the connecting member.
  • the web of the or each connecting member may be straight or may be shaped to define sections which are inclined away from and towards the longitudinal axis of the member; the inclined wall sections may be joined by a central section which lies generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connector.
  • Sheet pile wall structures in accordance with this invention are similar to conventional sheet pile structures to the extent that the material of the structure follows a waveform or corrugated line caused by the interlocking of the piles and the connecting members, but which because of the increased spacing between the piles has the enhanced strength and efficiency characteristics of high modulus sheet pile structures. The increase spacing is achieved by the elongate connector members.
  • no interlock is employed along the neutral axis of the sheet piling wall structure, each connector member causing the interlocks to be positioned at a distance from the neutral axis.
  • the interlocks of a U-shaped sheet pile wall are centred on the neutral axis of the wall.
  • Structures in accordance with the invention have more efficient spread of weight of material per developed elevation of pile wall compared with conventional systems. Such structures are unique in that they conform with the definition of a high modulus sheet piled wall and are of wave corrugated profile form type with similarity to conventional sheet pile structures.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view from above of a conventional steel sheet pile structure not in accordance with the invention comprising two linked U- shaped steel piles;
  • Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a plan view from above and a perspective view of a sheet pile structure in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 4 is a plan view from above to an increased scale of a connector which forms parts of the structure illustrated in Figures 2 and 3;
  • Figures 5 to 8 are graphical illustrations of characteristics of steel sheet pile structures in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of an alternative connector in accordance with the invention.
  • Linked steel sheet piles of a conventional wall structure having a corrugated profile are illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • rows of individual U-shaped piles 1 , 2 are connected through interlocks 3 which extend along each longitudinal edge of each pile 1 , 2.
  • Each pile has a pan 4 defined by flanges 5 and inclined side walls 6. The thickness of the side walls 6 is less than the thickness of the flanges 5.
  • Each interlock comprises a lip 7 which lies generally normal to the neighbouring side wall surface 8 of the pile and is formed with a locking toe 9.
  • Each toe 9 is of generally triangular cross-section and is upstanding from the respective lip 7.
  • Each locking toe 9 defines with the respective lip 7 and the adjoining wall surface 8 a recess 1 1 .
  • the modulus of the structure may be enhanced by the use of strengthening plates welded to the pile flanges 5.
  • the clutches or interlocks of a conventional steel sheet pile wall as illustrated in Figure 1 are close to the neutral axis "N" of the wall which is the axis along which the applied longitudinal shear stresses are at a maximum. These shear stresses can lead to longitudinal displacement of components of sheet pile walls. This phenomenon is known as clutch slippage.
  • Each member 1 2 has a web 14 formed at each of its ends with lips 1 5.
  • Each lip 1 5 subtends a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the web 1 4. This angle may be between 70° and 1 1 0° .
  • Each lip is formed with an toe 1 6 of generally triangular cross-section.
  • the space defined between the to 1 6, the lip surface 1 5 and the web 1 4 defines a recess 1 7.
  • the lip surface 1 5 defines the bottom wall of this recess 1 7.
  • Each recess of each pile receives a toe 1 6 of one connecting member; similarly, each recess 1 7 of each member 1 2 receives one toe 9 of a pile.
  • the pile walls 1 , 2 are, thereby, linked together to form the illustrated structure.
  • the connector members 1 2 have the effect of increasing the spacing between the rows of piles 1 , 2 whilst retaining the desired generally corrugated profile of the completed wall structure.
  • One effect of the connectors 1 2 is to cause the neutral axis to pass through the webs 14 (preferably at or close to their mid-points) rather than the interlocks as for conventional structures as shown in Figure 1 .
  • This has the advantage of increasing the lever arm effect and, as described above, achieving a dramatic increase in structural performance and significantly reducing the possibility of clutch slippage.
  • a further effect of the connectors 12 is to provide a significant efficiency gain which approximates to 1 00% of the strength to weight ratio of the wall structure.
  • wall structures in accordance with the invention provide a more efficient spread of weight of material per developed elevation of piled wall when compared with conventional wall structures as shown in Figure 1 .
  • the connector 1 2 has folds 1 8 to define a crank-like profile having end-sections 1 9 which lie generally normal to the lip 7 of each connector and a mid-section 20 which lies generally parallel to the lateral axis of the connector.
  • folds 1 8 provide enhanced strength against local web buckling and overall buckling of the connectors, thus enhancing the robustness of the connectors.
  • the enhanced strength is advantageous to resist high impact forces which may be necessary during pile driving, extraction and handling operations.
  • the crank-like profiles of the connectors therefore provide local reinforcement of the connectors to prevent premature failure in local buckling and to limit the overall system section strength to resist bending and other loads imposed on the wall structure.
  • the piles 1 , 2 are shown as Larssen-type piles. These will typically be of LX32 or L6 specification. Other U-shaped piles may however be employed.
  • the connectors will typically have a depth "d" of between 200mm and 1 000mm. Preferred depths are between 400mm and 800mm. Typically, the width "b" of the connectors will be between 1 00mm and 500mm, preferred depths being between 1 50mm and 300mm.
  • Enhancement of the strength of the individual piles 1 , 2 and therefore the structure can be achieved by welding plates 21 (see Figure 3) to the outside surfaces of the pile flanges.
  • the plates have the effect of moving the increased extremity of material further away from the neutral axis "N".
  • the modulus of a wall structure in accordance with the invention is higher than that of a conventional wall structure, that the weight of a wall structure in accordance with the invention is substantially less than that of a conventional structure, and that the efficiency ratio of a structure in accordance with the invention is significantly greater than that for a comparable conventional structure.
  • Figure 5 shows the way in which the presence of the connector members 1 2 provides gains in efficiency "e” .
  • Figure 5 shows a range of distances "d” between 200mm and 800mm. It will be seen that with no connector 1 2 (i.e. a conventional structure) an elastic modulus of approximately 3000cm 3 /m is achieved. With a connector member 1 2 which spaces the piles 1 , 2 apart by 200mm, an elastic modulus above 4000cm 3 /m is achieved. When this distance is increased to 600mm, an elastic modulus in excess of 7000cm 3 /m is achieved.
  • Figure 7 illustrates the effect which varying connector width (dimension “b” in Figure 4) has on the weight of steel per unit width of wall. It will be seen from this Figure that a connector width of 200mm equates to a weight of around 230kg/m 2 and a width "b" of 400mm equates to a weight of around 1 90kg/m 2 .
  • Figure 8 illustrates the effect which varying the connector width (dimension “b") has on bonding strength as measured by the elastic modulus per unit length of wall.
  • a connector width "b" of 200mm produces an elastic modulus of 7000cm 3 /m and a width "b” of 400mm produces an elastic modulus of around 5600cm 3 /m.
  • Increases in width do, therefore, reduce the elastic modulus of the wall structure. Such reductions may however be acceptable for particular structures and represent potential savings.
  • Figure 9 illustrates an alternative connector member 1 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)

Abstract

Ces structures de palplanches en acier présentent en profil une forme générale ondulée. De telles structures sont constituées de deux rangées séparées de palplanches (1, 2) d'acier à profil en U à rebord agrafe. Des bandes de liaison (12) à rebord agrafe permettent de relier les rebords agrafe des palplanches d'une rangée à l'autre. Par rapport à la structure de paroi, chaque bande de liaison constitue un élément structurel capable de supporter une charge. La largeur de chaque bande de liaison est calculée de façon à combler un écart au moins égal au creux du U d'une palplanche, l'axe neutre de la structure de paroi passant par l'axe central de chaque bande de liaison.
PCT/GB1998/002257 1997-08-29 1998-07-28 Structures de palplanches en acier WO1999011869A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU85497/98A AU8549798A (en) 1997-08-29 1998-07-28 Steel sheet piling structures

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9718284.4A GB9718284D0 (en) 1997-08-29 1997-08-29 Steel sheet piling structures
GB9718284.4 1997-08-29
GBGB9724302.6A GB9724302D0 (en) 1997-08-29 1997-11-18 Steel sheet piling structures
GB9724302.6 1997-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999011869A1 true WO1999011869A1 (fr) 1999-03-11

Family

ID=26312143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/002257 WO1999011869A1 (fr) 1997-08-29 1998-07-28 Structures de palplanches en acier

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8549798A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999011869A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017112918A1 (de) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Jens Rehhahn Spundwandzwischenelement, Spundwandelement und Spundwandsystem mit Spundwandzwischenelment
CN109797756A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-24 安徽省第二建筑工程有限公司 钢管拉森钢板桩钢网架支撑围护结构及其施工方法
WO2023099042A1 (fr) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-08 Pilepro Gmbh Module de palplanche et paroi en palplanche comprenant des modules de palplanche
DE202022107083U1 (de) 2022-12-20 2024-03-21 Pilepro Gmbh Spundbohlenanordnung für eine Spundwand
DE202023100515U1 (de) 2023-02-03 2024-05-08 Pilepro Gmbh Spundbohlenanordnung für eine Spundwand

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB340853A (en) * 1929-03-16 1931-01-08 Heinz Homann Sheet piling
FR1557902A (fr) 1968-01-09 1969-02-21
GB1295359A (fr) 1969-04-22 1972-11-08
GB1343203A (en) 1970-03-04 1974-01-10 Voest Ag Sheet pile section
FR2671500A3 (fr) 1991-01-15 1992-07-17 Arbed Procede de fabrication d'elements de parois metalliques constituees de palplanches et/ou poutrelles, elements realises par ce procede et parois constituees de ces elements.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB340853A (en) * 1929-03-16 1931-01-08 Heinz Homann Sheet piling
FR1557902A (fr) 1968-01-09 1969-02-21
GB1295359A (fr) 1969-04-22 1972-11-08
GB1343203A (en) 1970-03-04 1974-01-10 Voest Ag Sheet pile section
FR2671500A3 (fr) 1991-01-15 1992-07-17 Arbed Procede de fabrication d'elements de parois metalliques constituees de palplanches et/ou poutrelles, elements realises par ce procede et parois constituees de ces elements.

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017112918A1 (de) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Jens Rehhahn Spundwandzwischenelement, Spundwandelement und Spundwandsystem mit Spundwandzwischenelment
CN109797756A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-24 安徽省第二建筑工程有限公司 钢管拉森钢板桩钢网架支撑围护结构及其施工方法
WO2023099042A1 (fr) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-08 Pilepro Gmbh Module de palplanche et paroi en palplanche comprenant des modules de palplanche
DE202022107083U1 (de) 2022-12-20 2024-03-21 Pilepro Gmbh Spundbohlenanordnung für eine Spundwand
WO2024133467A1 (fr) 2022-12-20 2024-06-27 Pilepro Gmbh Ensemble palplanche pour rideau de palplanches
DE202023100515U1 (de) 2023-02-03 2024-05-08 Pilepro Gmbh Spundbohlenanordnung für eine Spundwand
WO2024160937A1 (fr) 2023-02-03 2024-08-08 Pilepro Gmbh Mur en palplanches

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Publication number Publication date
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