WO1999008898A1 - Unite motorisee d'entrainement d'un retroviseur exterieur de vehicule - Google Patents
Unite motorisee d'entrainement d'un retroviseur exterieur de vehicule Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999008898A1 WO1999008898A1 PCT/JP1998/003591 JP9803591W WO9908898A1 WO 1999008898 A1 WO1999008898 A1 WO 1999008898A1 JP 9803591 W JP9803591 W JP 9803591W WO 9908898 A1 WO9908898 A1 WO 9908898A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- visor
- stay
- side ring
- use position
- electric drive
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/06—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
- B60R1/062—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position
- B60R1/07—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position by electrically powered actuators
- B60R1/074—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position by electrically powered actuators for retracting the mirror arrangements to a non-use position alongside the vehicle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S248/00—Supports
- Y10S248/90—Movable or disengageable on impact or overload
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for electrically driving a visor between a use position and a storage position or an emergency avoidance position with respect to a stay fixed to a door of an automobile in an automobile door mirror assembly.
- the present invention relates to a technique for improving a gap that can be formed between the visor and the visor.
- FIG. 1 shows a conventional visor-electrically driven door mirror assembly.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a stay fixed to a door of an automobile
- reference numeral 2 denotes a visor rotatably mounted on the stay 1.
- the door mirror assembly allows the visor 12 to pivot relative to the stay 11 between a use position, a retracted position behind, and an emergency avoidance position in front, as shown in FIG. ing.
- the visor 12 is electrically driven by an electric drive mechanism provided in the visor 1 and the stay.
- the visor 2 has an inner bottom surface C 1-2 and an inner end surface C 1-1, while the stay 1 has a substantially horizontal surface C 2 -2 for supporting the inner bottom surface of the visor from below, and a visor 1 It has a vertical surface C2-1 facing the inner end surface in parallel, and gaps C2 and C1 are formed between them.
- These gaps C2 and C1 are indispensable elements for the visor to rotate smoothly with respect to the stay, and cannot be made so small.
- the gaps CI and C2 are present (for example, a gap of 0.5 mm or more), a whistle effect is generated when the vehicle runs at high speed, and so-called wind noise is generated. This wind noise becomes more noticeable as the cabin becomes quieter.
- measures have been taken as long as sponge bodies are interposed in those gaps or hairs are planted on the surface of the gap so as not to hinder the rotation of the nozzle. Have been.
- special members need to be interposed in the gaps, and there is a problem that those members age or wear. By the way, when considering the necessity of these gaps, these gaps are necessary only when the visor is rotated, and are not necessary when the visor is used, and the above-mentioned adverse effects are caused. It turns out that it is.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a door mirror assembly of this kind in an electric drive device, in which the driving mechanism of the visor has the above-mentioned gap only when the visor is rotated, while the visor is used when the visor is used. Incorporate the function of zeroing as much as possible.
- the basic idea of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned object is that a visor-side ring and a stay-side ring each having an inclined surface are provided in a drive mechanism for rotating the visor 1 with respect to the stay, and the visor 1 When rotating from the use position to the storage position, the inclined surfaces ride on each other to secure a certain gap between the visor and the stay, while the noiser is moved from the storage position to the use position. When the visor rotates, the gap between the visor and the stay is reduced to zero at the visor use position by sliding the inclined surfaces down.
- the electric drive device includes a stay mounted on an outer surface of a door, a visor mounted rotatably between a use position and a storage position, and a visor mounted on the stay. And an electric drive mechanism for rotating the motor.
- the visor has an inner bottom surface and an inner end surface, while the stay has a substantially horizontal surface that supports the inner bottom surface of the visor from below, and a vertical surface that faces parallel to the inner end surface of the visor. are doing.
- the visor rotates with respect to the stay around a rotation axis that passes perpendicularly through a substantially horizontal plane of the stay.
- the inner bottom surface and the inner end surface of the nozzle form an opening angle larger than a right angle.
- the electric drive mechanism includes a first stay-side ring fixed to a stay about a rotation axis, and a first stay-fixed to the visor on the first stay-side ring and vertically movable about the rotation axis.
- One visor one-side ring and panel means for constantly biasing the first visor one-side ring toward the first stay-side ring.
- Each of the first stay ring and the first visor one-side ring has a sliding surface that is in sliding contact with each other.
- Each sliding contact surface has an inclined surface that rides on each other when the visor rotates from the use position to the storage position.
- the gap can be made as close to zero as possible. In other words, when the vehicle is running, the above-mentioned gap is equal to no gap, so that the problem of the conventional wind noise can be solved.
- an improved type including a second visor one-side ring and a second stay one-side ring
- the second visor one-side ring is fixed integrally with the first visor one-side ring on the side opposite to the first stay-side ring.
- the second stay-side ring is mounted on the stay side so as to face the second visor one-side ring and to be vertically movable and non-rotatably movable with respect to the stay.
- the urging panel means urges the second stay side ring and the first and second visor one side rings toward the first stay side ring.
- Each of the second visor one-side ring and the second stay one-side ring has a second sliding contact surface that slides on each other. It has inclined surfaces that slide down when moving.
- the respective inclined surfaces of the sliding contact surfaces of the first stay side ring and the first visor side ring ride on each other.
- the respective inclined surfaces of the sliding contact surfaces of the second visor one-side ring and the second stay one-side ring slide down with each other. In other words, the climbing of each slope between the first rings is performed against the urging force of the panel means. Torque is required, but on the other hand, the biasing force of the panel means acts on slippage of each inclined surface between the second rings.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing a gap formed between a stay and a visor in a conventional door mirror assembly.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing three positions taken by the visor of FIG. 1, namely, a storage position, a use position, and a front emergency avoidance position.
- FIG. 3 is a front view showing the door mirror assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention in which the electric driving mechanism is incorporated in the visor and the stay.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.
- FIGS. 5 (A), (B) and (C) are development explanatory views showing the positional relationship between the first visor one-side ring and the first stay-side ring shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the electric drive mechanism of the door mirror assembly according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view similar to FIG.
- FIGS. 7 (A), (B) and (C) are exploded views showing the positional relationship between the first visor one-side ring and the first stay-side ring shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 8 show the positional relationship between the visor and the stay and the main parts of the electric drive mechanism in the door mirror assembly of FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively.
- (A) shows the use position of the visor
- (B) shows the process of moving the visor from the use position to the storage position
- (C) shows the storage position of the visor.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation torque ratio of the visor and the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the first stay-side Z visor one-side ring in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the door mirror assembly includes a stay 1 and a visor 1, and a built-in electric drive mechanism 3 for driving the visor 1 with respect to the stay 1.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3, and shows the internal structure of the electric drive mechanism.
- the general configuration of the electric drive mechanism (the configuration other than the members 3d, 3 ⁇ , and 3 ⁇ ) is publicly known, but an outline thereof will be described below.
- Stand 3g is set up on the substantially horizontal plane C2-2 of stay 1.
- This stand is composed of a base 3e buried and fixed in a substantially horizontal plane C2-2 of the stay 1, and a hollow pole 3h standing upright from the base.
- a drive motor 3j, a motor base 3k, and the like are arranged above the stand 3g.
- a spring seat 3m fixed to the pole, a coil spring 3a, a clutch plate 3b, and a gear 3c are arranged from the top to the bottom on the outer periphery of the pole 3h of the stand.
- the clutch plate and gears are provided so that they can move in the axial direction with respect to the poles and do not rotate.
- the wire harness 3i passes through the hollow of the pole 3h.
- Each drive element described above is housed in the housing 3f of the electric drive mechanism 3 fixed to the nozzle 12.
- a rotating disk 3d which is fitted to the outer periphery of the pole 3h is formed integrally with the housing main body.
- This rotating disk 3d is located below the gear 3c. Therefore, the coil spring 3a always urges the clutch plate 3b, the gear 3c and the housing 3f downward integrally.
- a first visor one-side ring 3n is fixed to the lower surface of the rotating disk 3d.
- the first stay-side ring 3p is fixed to the upper surface of the base of the stand. These rings 3n, 3p are always in pressure contact with the panel force of the coil panel.
- the electric drive mechanism includes a second gear (not shown) that is coupled to the gear 3b, and the second gear rotates by the driving force of the motor 3j. That is, when the second gear rotates by the driving force of the motor, the gear 3c cannot rotate, so that the second gear rotates around the gear 3c together with the housing 3f, the visor 12 and the like. That is, the nozzle rotates between the use position and the storage position.
- FIG. 5 shows each ring in an expanded state.
- FIG. 5 (A) shows the state of the visor-use position
- FIG. 5 (B) shows the process of shifting to the visor-storage position.
- (C) shows a state in which the visor can be moved from the use position to the forward emergency avoidance position by external force.
- the rings 3n and 3p have opposing sliding surfaces. These sliding surfaces are complementary to each other. That is, the stay side ring 3p has three ridges 3s ′ projecting upward from the plane 3r ′ at equal intervals, while the nozzle side ring 3 ⁇ is recessed upward from the plane 3r. It has a valley 3s. These peaks and valleys are fitted to each other at the use position (A), and there is almost no gap between the visor and the stay (see FIG. 8 (A) showing the second embodiment). .
- the peaks and valleys have inclined surfaces 3q ′, 3x ′: 3q, 3x forming them.
- the visor-side ring 3n which rotates integrally with the visor, moves (rotates) in the direction of the arrow (B), so that the inclined surface 3q Rides on the inclined surface 3q ', and gaps CI and C2 are formed between the visor and the stay (see FIG. 8 (B)). That is, a gap is formed when the visor starts rotating, so that there is no hindrance to the visor rotation.
- FIG. 6 to 9 show a second embodiment.
- the visor is instantaneously lifted when the visor rotates, so that a sufficiently large gap is secured from the beginning of the visor rotation.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing the first embodiment. Since the basic configuration of the electric drive mechanism is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, points different from those of the first embodiment will be described.
- a second visor one-side ring 3t and a second stay-side ring 3y are further provided in addition to the first embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, the second stay-side ring 3y is integrally formed on the lower inner surface of the gear 3b. However, the second stay-side ring may be formed separately from the gear 3b.
- the second visor one-side ring 3t is interposed between the second stay-side ring 3y and the rotating disk 3d, and is fixed to the rotating disk 3d.
- FIG. 7 is a development view of the first rings 3n and 3p and the second rings 3t and 3y. No.
- the configuration of the sliding surfaces of the first rings 3n and 3p is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the second visor one-side ring 3t is substantially the same as the first stay-side ring 3p, except for the number and phase of the ridges and the like.
- the second stay-side ring 3y is substantially the same as the first visor one-side ring 3n, and is different only in the number and phase of the valleys and the like. That is, the second visor one-side ring 3t has two peaks 3w. On the other hand, the second stay side ring 3y has two valleys 3w.
- the peaks 3w and the valleys 3w ' have inclined surfaces 3u and 3u' which go up and down, respectively.
- the first ring 3 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ on the visor side and the stay side is in the first state.
- the second rings 3t and 3y on the visor side and the stay side are as shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 8 (A).
- the mountain 3w protrudes from the valley 3w '.
- FIGS. 7 (B) and 8 (B) when the visor starts rotating from the use position to the storage position, the inclined surface 3q of the visor one-side ring changes to the stay-side ring. Riding on the inclined surface 3q '.
- the inclined surface 3u of the second stay side ring 3y tries to slide down the inclined surface 3u of the second visor one side ring 3t by the spring force of the coil spring 3a, and the panel of the coil panel acting in the axial direction.
- the first visor-side ring 3 ⁇ that is, the visor itself, is to be rotated in the direction of the storage position by the component of the force in the rotation direction. Therefore, when the visor rotates from the use position to the retracted position, the resistance of the inclined surface of the first visor one-side ring is greatly reduced, and the rotation of the visor is reduced. This is shown in FIG. In FIG.
- the vertical axis shows the torque ratio of one rotation of the visor
- the horizontal axis shows the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 3q and 3q 'of the first ring.
- the symbol ⁇ indicates the friction coefficient of the inclined surface.
- a broken line indicates the first embodiment, that is, a case having one set of rings
- a solid line indicates the second embodiment, that is, a case having two sets of rings. From this figure, it can be seen that the torque of one rotation of the visor is much smaller in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 (C) shows a state in which the visor 1 has completely reached the retracted position. At this time, the visor has completely climbed the plane 3r or the mountain 3s'. The ridge 3w is fitted to the valley 3w '.
- the gap between the visor and the stay may be reduced when the nozzle is sufficiently close to the use position. it can.
- the inner end face of the visor and the opposite vertical face of the stay are inclined with respect to the substantially horizontal plane of the inner bottom face of the visor and the stay.
- a gap C2 is formed at the same time as the gap C2 is formed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98937792A EP0931699A1 (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-12 | Motor drive unit for vehicular door mirror assembly |
US09/284,747 US6133704A (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-12 | Motor drive unit for vehicular door mirror assembly |
AU86474/98A AU742723B2 (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-12 | Motor drive unit for vehicular door mirror assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9/223430 | 1997-08-20 | ||
JP22343097A JP3795194B2 (ja) | 1997-08-20 | 1997-08-20 | ドアミラーの電動格納装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999008898A1 true WO1999008898A1 (fr) | 1999-02-25 |
Family
ID=16798030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1998/003591 WO1999008898A1 (fr) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-12 | Unite motorisee d'entrainement d'un retroviseur exterieur de vehicule |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6133704A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0931699A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3795194B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU742723B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999008898A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6047611A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 2000-04-11 | Warren Vincent M. | Collapsible control lever |
US6206529B1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2001-03-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki-Seisakusho | Vehicle mirror device |
JP3761778B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-10 | 2006-03-29 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | 車両用ドアミラー装置 |
DE10009670B4 (de) * | 2000-02-29 | 2005-08-04 | Bühler Motor GmbH | Außenrückblickspiegel für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DE10056915B4 (de) * | 2000-11-16 | 2005-06-16 | Bühler Motor GmbH | Kraftfahrzeug-Rückblickspiegel |
DE10112359C2 (de) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-02-27 | Magna Auteca Ag Krottendorf | Antrieb für den Rückspiegel eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
US7172298B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2007-02-06 | Schefenacker Vision Systems Australia Pty Ltd | Power fold mechanism for vehicle mirrors |
US7070287B2 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2006-07-04 | Magna Donnelly Mirrors North America L.L.C. | Vehicular mirror system with at least one of power-fold and power-extend functionality |
US7303297B1 (en) | 2003-02-27 | 2007-12-04 | Magna Donnelly Mirrors North America L.L.C. | Vehicular mirror with improved bearing fit |
NL1023227C2 (nl) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-10-19 | Iku Holding Montfoort Bv | Buitenspiegeleenheid. |
WO2005079535A2 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-01 | Schefenacker Vision Systems Usa Inc. | Wear-proof détente for folding mirrors |
DE102004024771A1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-12-15 | Gross, Beatrix, Dipl.-Ing. | Beiklappantrieb |
JP4481153B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-07 | 2010-06-16 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | 車両用ドアミラー装置 |
JP2006321467A (ja) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-30 | Ichikoh Ind Ltd | 車両用ドアミラー装置 |
US7452088B2 (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2008-11-18 | Velvac, Incorporated | Mirror with adjustable detent |
DE102006037218B4 (de) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-11-13 | Mekra Lang Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rastgelenk und Außenspiegel mit einem solchen Rastgelenk |
NL1032368C2 (nl) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-26 | Eaton Automotive Bv | Scharnierconstructie alsmede buitenspiegeleenheid, in het bijzonder voor een motorvoertuig. |
JP2008296721A (ja) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Ichikoh Ind Ltd | 車両用アウトサイドミラー装置 |
AU2008203505B2 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2011-06-09 | Smr Patents S.A.R.L. | Vehicle mirror power fold mechanism |
JP4842343B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-24 | 2011-12-21 | 株式会社村上開明堂 | ドアミラー |
US8157395B2 (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2012-04-17 | Murakami Corporation | Folding outer mirror |
NL2003061C2 (nl) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-23 | Mci Mirror Controls Int Nl Bv | Spiegelverstelinrichting. |
JP5324410B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-11 | 2013-10-23 | 株式会社村上開明堂 | 車両用ドアミラーの手動格納・電動格納共用ベース、手動格納式車両用ドアミラー、電動格納式車両用ドアミラー、手動格納式または電動格納式ドアミラーの選択的製造方法 |
JP5418356B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-26 | 2014-02-19 | 市光工業株式会社 | 車両用アウトサイドミラー装置 |
EP2436559A1 (de) | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-04 | Magna Auteca AG | Antriebsanordnung für einen Aussenrückspiegel eines Fahrzeugs |
EP2548770B1 (de) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-01-15 | Magna Auteca AG | Antriebsanordnung fpür einen aussenrückspiegel eines Fahrzeugs |
JP2013100048A (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-23 | Ichikoh Ind Ltd | 車両用アウトサイドミラー装置 |
EP2639110A1 (de) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | Magna Auteca AG | Antriebsanordnung für einen Außenrückspiegel eines Fahrzeugs |
JP6195510B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-28 | 2017-09-13 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | 車両用ミラー装置 |
JP6195511B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-28 | 2017-09-13 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | 車両用ミラー装置 |
CN111032434B (zh) | 2017-08-17 | 2023-09-01 | 麦格纳镜片美国有限公司 | 用于外部镜的电动折叠致动器 |
JP7189042B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2022-12-13 | サカエ理研工業株式会社 | 車両用ミラー装置 |
DE102021201586B4 (de) | 2020-02-20 | 2023-08-03 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Fahrzeugaußenrückspiegelanordnung |
US11628772B2 (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2023-04-18 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Powerfold actuator for exterior mirror |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10129349A (ja) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-19 | Molten Corp | 電動格納型ドアミラー |
JPH10166945A (ja) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | 車両用アウターミラー |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4832477A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1989-05-23 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Door mirror assembly for automotive vehicles |
JPH07110597B2 (ja) * | 1987-02-10 | 1995-11-29 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 電動格納型ドアミラ− |
EP0314135B1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1993-08-04 | Ichikoh Industries Limited | Electrically swingable door mirror |
JPH0249638U (ja) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-06 | ||
JPH03121946A (ja) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-05-23 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 回動装置のトルクリミッタ機構 |
-
1997
- 1997-08-20 JP JP22343097A patent/JP3795194B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-08-12 US US09/284,747 patent/US6133704A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-12 AU AU86474/98A patent/AU742723B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-12 EP EP98937792A patent/EP0931699A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-12 WO PCT/JP1998/003591 patent/WO1999008898A1/ja active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10129349A (ja) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-19 | Molten Corp | 電動格納型ドアミラー |
JPH10166945A (ja) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | 車両用アウターミラー |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0931699A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
JPH1159273A (ja) | 1999-03-02 |
AU742723B2 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
US6133704A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
JP3795194B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
AU8647498A (en) | 1999-03-08 |
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