WO1999008005A2 - Low-tolerance threaded fastener - Google Patents

Low-tolerance threaded fastener Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999008005A2
WO1999008005A2 PCT/IB1998/001295 IB9801295W WO9908005A2 WO 1999008005 A2 WO1999008005 A2 WO 1999008005A2 IB 9801295 W IB9801295 W IB 9801295W WO 9908005 A2 WO9908005 A2 WO 9908005A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
threads
threaded
thread
nut
bolt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1998/001295
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1999008005A3 (en
Inventor
Bernhard M. Janitzki
Original Assignee
Janitzki Bernhard M
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Janitzki Bernhard M filed Critical Janitzki Bernhard M
Priority to JP2000506460A priority Critical patent/JP2001512807A/en
Priority to BR9811125-6A priority patent/BR9811125A/en
Priority to EP98937707A priority patent/EP1000249A4/en
Priority to CA002299238A priority patent/CA2299238C/en
Publication of WO1999008005A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999008005A2/en
Publication of WO1999008005A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999008005A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • F16B39/30—Locking exclusively by special shape of the screw-thread
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/924—Coupled nut and bolt
    • Y10S411/929—Thread lock
    • Y10S411/938—Distorted thread

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to threaded fasteners such as nuts and
  • Threaded fasteners are well known to the art. One goal of threaded
  • fasteners particularly nut and bolt combinations, is to provide such a fastener that
  • a fastener or nut and bolt can loosen under load or vibration.
  • locknuts are used with a nylon washer locked in at the end of the nut.
  • nylon washer contacts the bolt, it tightens around the thread and locks the nut in
  • Locknuts have disadvantages.
  • the nylon portion of nut has no load
  • the nylon washer and the nut must be made separately and then crimped together.
  • the locknut of this type can be used only a few times, is not as resistant to heat
  • a spiral lock is a lock thread is a commercially available alternative.
  • the spiral lock provides an interference on the outside diameter of the
  • bolt thread can cause galling of the nut and subsequent failure.
  • Interference-fit threads are used which include a complete interference of
  • the matching parts at the flanks to provide an interference or metal flow.
  • Another object of the present invention to provide a threaded fastener that
  • Another object of the present invention to provide a threaded fastener that
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide such a threaded
  • a threaded fastener having a
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of engaged standard prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a is a diagrammatic representation of a perfect thread
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of one embodiment of the novel
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
  • FIG. 8 is another diagrammatic representation of a normal bolt and nut
  • FIG. 9 is another diagrammatic representation of a normal bolt and nut
  • FIG. 10 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 6
  • FIG. 11 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 6
  • FIG. 12 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
  • FIG. 6 illustrating zero play between the nut and bolt
  • FIG. 13 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
  • FIG. 6 under load
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a prior art thread repair insert
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the prior art wire insert of FIG.14 under a load
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a thread repair insert of the present invention. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a standard thread 1 with clearance C.
  • FIG. 8 also a standard thread 1 with clearance C.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a normal thread under irregular load
  • the amount of clearance is determined by the tolerances set by the
  • FIG. 2 by comparison, is an ideal or perfect thread having full
  • FIG. 3 illustrates one preferred embodiment of the threaded fastener of the
  • the nut thread 12 is
  • bump 16 urges the threads to one side so that there is full flank contact at point
  • the thread, with the bump, are formed by a thread tapping tool. As shown in
  • the contact area can be varied according
  • the size of the bump 16 can be varied to increase the contact
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a condition of "zero" play between the thread flanks as a result
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the substantial contact between the flanks of the threads due to the positioning and size of bump
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the thread of the threaded
  • fastener of the present invention including a pair of spaced apart bumps 16A and
  • the right flank has 100% contact and at the left
  • the threaded nuts previously described can be formed by using a tape
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention wherein
  • the bolt 22 has a bulge 24 formed on the thread flank. This thread is easily
  • threads can be formed of a harder material than the nut so that
  • the bump can "bite” into the softer metal.
  • thread causes the threaded fastener to function the same way as previously
  • Thread repair inserts are known in the art. Generally, the worn threads
  • the insert has threads on the other surface 52 and inner surface 52. Threaded surface 54, for example, engages the retapped
  • Insert 60 is indicated generally by reference numeral 60 in FIG. 16. Insert 60
  • Insert 60 is tooled with a bump 66 on one threaded flank surface and
  • bump 66 urges the insert into a full flank contact as
  • a bump 62 can be formed on either surface 62 or surface 64, or both.

Abstract

A threaded fastener (10) is having a raised area or bump (16) on a thread flank. The flank can be positioned on the nut thread (12) or on the bolt thread (14). The bump (16) forces the mating threads at least on one flank to have near zero tolerances along the pitchline of the threads and thereby eliminating play. A threaded repair insert (60) having at least one raised area on a threaded surface (62) also is provided.

Description

LOW-TOLERANCE THREADED FASTENER
Background of the Invention
This invention relates generally to threaded fasteners such as nuts and
bolts and more particularly to threaded fasteners having an improved thread and
reduced tolerances and improved fastening.
Threaded fasteners are well known to the art. One goal of threaded
fasteners, particularly nut and bolt combinations, is to provide such a fastener that
stays tightened and does not loosen in use. Generally accepted matching
techniques result in tolerances between the nut an bolt threads and there is
clearance or play which allows for movement between the elements. For
example, a fastener or nut and bolt can loosen under load or vibration.
There are several prior art systems that try to remedy this problem. First,
locknuts are used with a nylon washer locked in at the end of the nut. When the
nylon washer contacts the bolt, it tightens around the thread and locks the nut in
position. Locknuts have disadvantages. The nylon portion of nut has no load
carrying threads. Further, it requires more material to make the nut longer and
the nylon washer and the nut must be made separately and then crimped together.
The locknut of this type can be used only a few times, is not as resistant to heat
and requires chemicals i.e. nylon.
Deformed nuts have been used to overcome the loosening problem.
These comprise nuts that are deformed out of the circular shape and made into rounded-off triangle shape. Then the bolt engages the threads, it contacts three
points and the nut locks around the bolt. However, only heat-treated nuts can be
used. To make the deliberate deformation requires an expensive manufacturing
set-up. Further, the process is very slow. Also, the reaction of each individual
nut is variable, which makes it difficult to predict or guarantee tolerances.
Moreover, it can only be used with nuts.
A spiral lock is a lock thread is a commercially available alternative.
However, the spiral lock provides an interference on the outside diameter of the
bolt. It is difficult to control the interference with accuracy. The surface of the
bolt thread can cause galling of the nut and subsequent failure.
Interference-fit threads are used which include a complete interference of
the matching parts at the flanks to provide an interference or metal flow.
However, based upon accepted machining practices, it is very difficult to
produce, for example, class 5 threads (Federal Standard Screw-Thread Standards
For Federal Services-Class 5 Interference Fit Screw Threads).
Examples of prior art fastener technologies are disclosed in the following
U.S. Patents: No. 1,369,156, to Woodward; No. 2,842,180, to Brown et al; No.
3,459,250 to Tabor; No. 3,661,194, MacFarlane et al.; No. 3,721,283, to Evan;
No. 3,850,215, to Orlomoski; No. 3,927,503, to Wilson; No. 4,023,914, Holmes;
No. 4,071,067, to Goldby; No. 4,396,321, Holmes; No. 4,846,614, to Steinbock;
and No. 5,194,214, to Snyder et al. It would be advantageous, therefore, to develop a fastener that has close
tolerances yet is resistant to loosening or play without the disadvantages of the
prior art designs.
Summary of the Invention
It is among the principal objects of the present invention to provide a
threaded fastener that is resistant to loosening.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a threaded fastener
that has very close tolerances and is resistant to loosening.
Another object of the present invention to provide a threaded fastener that
controls thread contact and tolerances along the thread pitchline.
Another object of the present invention to provide a threaded fastener that
controls thread contact and tolerances along the thread pitchline and by
controlling width of contact.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide such a threaded
fastener that not only controls the pitch diameter of the respective threads to
assure correct interference along the thread flank, but also controls the width of
contact.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide such a threaded
fastener that can be manufactured and produced in a broad range of sizes. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide such a threaded
fastener that is simple and economical to tool, versatile and well suited for its
intended purposes.
In accordance with the invention, a threaded fastener is provided having a
raised area or bump on the thread flank. The bump forces the mating threads at
least on one flank to have near zero tolerances along the pitchline of the threads
and thereby eliminating play.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of engaged standard prior art
threaded fastener threads;
FIG. 2 is a is a diagrammatic representation of a perfect thread;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of one embodiment of the novel
threaded fastener threads of the present invention with the bump on the external
threads of the nut;
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
novel threaded fastener threads of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
novel threaded fastener threads of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
novel threaded fastener threads of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic representation of another embodiment of the
novel threaded fastener threads of the present invention with the bump on the
external thread of a bolt;
FIG. 8 is another diagrammatic representation of a normal bolt and nut
combination under normal load;
FIG. 9 is another diagrammatic representation of a normal bolt and nut
combination under irregular load;
FIG. 10 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
FIG. 6;
FIG. 12 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
FIG. 6 illustrating zero play between the nut and bolt;
FIG. 13 is another diagrammatic representation of a the embodiment of
FIG. 6 under load;
FIG. 14 illustrates a prior art thread repair insert;
FIG. 15 illustrates the prior art wire insert of FIG.14 under a load
condition; and
FIG. 16 illustrates a thread repair insert of the present invention. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
FIG. 1 illustrates a standard thread 1 with clearance C. FIG. 8 also
illustrates the relationship and play between a normal nut thread 2 and bolt
thread 3 As will be appreciated, there are significant clearances C between the
respective threads. FIG. 9 illustrates a normal thread under irregular load
conditions which significantly increases the clearance C between the nut and bold
threads. The amount of clearance is determined by the tolerances set by the
manufacturer. FIG. 2, by comparison, is an ideal or perfect thread having full
flank contact at points 4 and 5. A perfect thread, however, would require the nut
and bolt have identical pitch diameters without clearance.
FIG. 3 illustrates one preferred embodiment of the threaded fastener of the
present invention, indicated generally by reference numeral 10. The fastener
includes a nut thread 12 and a bolt thread 14 As can be seen, the nut thread 12 is
tooled with bump 16 on the flank of the thread. As seen in FIGS 10-13, the
bump 16 urges the threads to one side so that there is full flank contact at point
20. The thread, with the bump, are formed by a thread tapping tool. As shown in
FIG. 10, the contact area can be varied according
to holding torque. The size of the bump 16 can be varied to increase the contact
areas on the flanks, as shown in FIG. 4, which has an enlarged or wider bump 16.
FIG. 12 illustrates a condition of "zero" play between the thread flanks as a result
of the size and positioning of the bump 16. FIG. 13 illustrates the substantial contact between the flanks of the threads due to the positioning and size of bump
16, even under load conditions.
FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the thread of the threaded
fastener of the present invention including a pair of spaced apart bumps 16A and
18B.
As shown in FIG. 6, the right flank has 100% contact and at the left
approximately 15% contact.
The threaded nuts previously described can be formed by using a tape
with a complementary indention which will create the desired bump on the thread
flank when tooled.
FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention wherein
the bolt 22 has a bulge 24 formed on the thread flank. This thread is easily
formed on a thread rolling machine with thread rolling dies in a cold forming
process. These threads can be formed of a harder material than the nut so that
the bump can "bite" into the softer metal. The inclusion of the bump on the bolt
thread causes the threaded fastener to function the same way as previously
described embodiments, with flush fit on the flanks at point 26.
Thread repair inserts are known in the art. Generally, the worn threads
are repaired by tapping the worn threads with a tap and then inserting an insert.
The prior art inserts are indicated generally in FIGS. 14 and 15 by reference
numeral 50. As can be seen in FIG. 14, the insert has threads on the other surface 52 and inner surface 52. Threaded surface 54, for example, engages the retapped
threads of a nut, indicated generally at 56, while the other threaded surface 52
engages the threads of the bolt, for example. As shown with the prior art inserts
of FIGS. 14 and 15, there is still considerable clearance C both in repose and
under tightening pressure. On the other hand, a threaded insert of the present
invention is indicated generally by reference numeral 60 in FIG. 16. Insert 60
has a first externally threaded surface 62 and a second externally threaded surface
64. Insert 60 is tooled with a bump 66 on one threaded flank surface and
functions in the same way as the previously described bumps. When the insert is
seated and torque applied, bump 66 urges the insert into a full flank contact as
shown as points 68 in FIG. 16, thereby eliminating play. It will be appreciated
that a bump 62 can be formed on either surface 62 or surface 64, or both.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that various changes and
modifications may be made in the threaded fastener of the present invention
without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Therefore the
foregoing specification and accompanying drawings are intended to be
illustrative only and should not be viewed in a limiting sense.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A threaded fastener comprising:
an externally threaded bolt;
a threaded nut engaged on said threaded bolt having internal
threads disposed to engage the threads on the threaded bolt, said internal threads
being tooled to include a raised area on a flank portion of said thread, said raised
area disposed to increase the contact area between the flank portion of the
internal threads and a flank portion of said bolt threads so as to decrease an area
of clearance between the respective threads when engaged.
2. A threaded fastener comprising:
a threaded nut having internal threads;
a threaded bolt threadedly engaged within said threaded nut
having external threads disposed to engage the threads on the inside the threaded
nut, said external threads being tooled to include a raised area on a flank portion
of said thread, said raised area disposed to increase the contact area between the
flank portion of the internal threads and a flank portion of said external threads
so as to decrease an area of clearance between the respective threads when
engaged.
3. A method of creating a threaded fastener having an internally
threaded nut and externally threaded bolt comprising: forming internal threads within said nut by tapping said nut with a
threaded tap, said tap having an indentation formed on a thread flank therein so as
to form a complementary bump on the threads formed by the tapping within the
nut.
4. A thread repair insert comprising:
a first externally threaded surface;
a second externally threaded surface;
at least one of said externally threaded surfaces being tooled to
include a raised area on a flank portion of said thread, said raised area disposed to
increase the contact area between the flank portion of the threads and a flank
portion of threads engaged thereon so as to decrease an area of clearance between
the last recited respective threads.
PCT/IB1998/001295 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Low-tolerance threaded fastener WO1999008005A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000506460A JP2001512807A (en) 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Fasteners with low tolerance threads
BR9811125-6A BR9811125A (en) 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Low tolerance threaded fastener
EP98937707A EP1000249A4 (en) 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Low-tolerance threaded fastener
CA002299238A CA2299238C (en) 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Low-tolerance threaded fastener

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/906,229 US5944465A (en) 1997-08-04 1997-08-04 Low tolerance threaded fastener
US08/906,229 1997-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999008005A2 true WO1999008005A2 (en) 1999-02-18
WO1999008005A3 WO1999008005A3 (en) 1999-05-14

Family

ID=25422121

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1998/001295 WO1999008005A2 (en) 1997-08-04 1998-07-31 Low-tolerance threaded fastener

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US5944465A (en)
EP (1) EP1000249A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2001512807A (en)
BR (1) BR9811125A (en)
CA (1) CA2299238C (en)
WO (1) WO1999008005A2 (en)

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BR9811125A (en) 2000-12-19
EP1000249A4 (en) 2000-08-30
WO1999008005A3 (en) 1999-05-14
CA2299238A1 (en) 1999-02-18
US6190101B1 (en) 2001-02-20
JP2001512807A (en) 2001-08-28
EP1000249A2 (en) 2000-05-17
US5944465A (en) 1999-08-31
CA2299238C (en) 2009-10-27

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