WO1998057223A1 - Multi-domain liquid-crystal display device - Google Patents
Multi-domain liquid-crystal display device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998057223A1 WO1998057223A1 PCT/IB1998/000582 IB9800582W WO9857223A1 WO 1998057223 A1 WO1998057223 A1 WO 1998057223A1 IB 9800582 W IB9800582 W IB 9800582W WO 9857223 A1 WO9857223 A1 WO 9857223A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- layer
- crystalline material
- display device
- chiral dopant
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K2019/3095—Cyclohexane rings in which the end group is the monoterpene menthyl
Definitions
- the invention rela.es to a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device comprising two substantially parallel substrates which are provided with an electrode layer and an orientation layer, a layer of a nematically ordered liquid-crystalline material containing a chiral dopant being sandwiched between said substrates, and said layer being structured such that the pixels of the layer are composed of at least two types of sub-pixels in which the twist senses of the liquid-crystalline material are mutually opposite.
- the invention also relates to methods of manufacturing such a display device. Display devices of this type can be employed, for example, in monitors and TV receivers as well as in measuring equipment. Display devices of the above-mentioned type are known per se, for example, from the international patent application with publication no. WO 95/18989.
- the individually drivable pixels are composed of two sub-pixels having an opposite twist sense.
- the liquid-crystalline material has an anti-clockwise twist sense, while in the other type of sub-pixel the liquid-crystalline material has a clockwise twist sense.
- each of the sub-pixels may itself be composed of two further sub-pixels by providing two regions in which the liquid-crystalline molecules have a different tilt direction. In this case, four different types of sub-pixels can be distinguished in the display device.
- the viewing angle dependence of a display device is to be taken to mean the degree of contrast, grey-scale inversion, discoloration and brightness variation of the device as a function of the angle from which the device is viewed.
- the aim is to minimize the viewing ang ⁇ e dependence. This means that the intended display device should demonstrate, as a function of the viewing angle, a high contrast, a proper grey-scale distance, little discoloration as well as a small brightness variation.
- the known display device has an important drawback which manifests itself, in particular, when the display device is mass-produced.
- a number of rubbing steps and/or lithographic steps are necessary to provide the orientation layer with the desired structure at the level of the sub- pixels. Such steps are very unattractive from the production-technical point of view.
- the invention more particularly aims at providing a liquid-crystal display device which is relatively easy to manufacture.
- An additional object of the invention is to provide methods of manufacturing such display devices.
- a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device comprising two substantially parallel substrates which are provided with an electrode layer and an orientation layer, a layer of a nematically ordered liquid-crystalline material containing a chiral dopant being sandwiched between said substrates, and said layer being structured such that the pixels of the layer are composed of at least two types of sub-pixels in which the twist senses of the liquid-crystalline material are mutually opposite, characterized in that the composition of the chiral dopant in the different types of sub-pixels is different.
- the invention is based on the experimentally gained insight that the twist sense of the liquid-crystalline material of the nematically ordered layer can be locally set by locally differing the composition of the chiral dopant.
- This is to be understood to mean that the chiral compounds of the dopant comprised in the different types of sub-pixels are different in concentration, chemical structure and/or spatial structure. It has been found that, at the level of the sub-pixels, it is possible to locally set the twist sense.
- the known display devices sometimes comprise a small quantity of a chiral dopant.
- this chiral dopant is uniformly distributed in the nematically ordered liquid- crystalline material.
- Such a chiral dopant serves to provide the liquid-crystalline material with a uniform twist sense.
- a preferred embodiment of the device in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the liquid-crystalline material comprises a polymer.
- a polymer for example in the form of a linear polymer, causes the diffusion of the chiral dopant from sub-pixels to adjacent sub-pixels to be reduced. Such a diffusion may disturb or otherwise adversely affect the opposite twist sense of the adjacent sub-pixels.
- the liquid-crystalline material comprises a polymeric network.
- a polymeric network is to be taken to mean a polymeric structure extending in three dimensions.
- a polymeric network causes the diffusion of the chiral dopant in the liquid-crystalline layer to be reduced.
- the polymeric network has a particular advantage relative to a linear polymer. It has been found that a polymeric network also stabilizes the originally present structure of the sub-pixels, even if adjacent sub-pixels comprise a part of the dopant as a result of diffusion. As a result, the use of a polymeric network in the nematically ordered liquid-crystalline material causes the durability of the device to be further increased.
- both the linear polymers and the polymeric network may comprise, if desirable, liquid-crystalline groups which are linked to the network via a covalent bond.
- a further preferred embodiment of the device in accordance with the invention is characterized in that a part of the molecules of the chiral dopant are linked to the network via a chemical bond. By virtue of this measure, the diffusion problem of the chiral dopant is further reduced. This also leads to a further increase in durability of the device in accordance with the invention.
- the orientation layer of the one substrate has pretilt- inducing properties and the orientation layer of the other substrate does not have pretilt- inducing properties.
- the liquid-crystalline material will demonstrate a greater tendency to orient itself on the layer with the pretilt than on the orientation layer without a pretilt.
- the reversal of the twist sense of the sub-pixels re- orientation of the liquid-crystalline molecules on the orientation layer without a pretilt will be possible.
- a first method comprises the following steps: - applying a layer of a liquid-crystalline material between two substantially parallel substrates which are provided with an electrode layer and an orientation layer, said liquid-crystalline material including an isomerizable chiral dopant with a first twist sense, as well as a non-isomerizable chiral dopant with an opposite twist sense, - positioning a mask relative to the layer, - locally exposing the layer of liquid-crystalline material by means of the mask, thus causing the isomerizable chiral dopant to be converted.
- the expression "isomerizable chiral dopant” is to be taken to mean (mixtures of) chiral dopants which are converted, under the influence of radiation, from one chiral form (for example laevorotatory) to the other chiral form (dextrorotatory), or conversely.
- the conversion of the isomerizable chiral dopant causes the net concentration of laevorotatory and dextrorotatory components in the exposed sub- pixels to be changed. As a result, the net twist sense in the unexposed sub-pixels will become opposite to that in the exposed sub-pixels, provided that the concentrations of both chiral dopants and the exposure conditions are properly selected.
- a favorable embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the liquid-crystalline material comprises reactive monomers which are polymerized into a polymer. This measure leads to an improved service life of the display device in accordance with the invention.
- Another interesting embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the reactive monomers are thermally polymerized to form the polymeric network.
- the reactive monomers are thermally polymerized to form the polymeric network.
- thermal polymerization of the network can be achieved more readily than photo-polymerization. This can be attributed to the fact that in the case of thermal polymerization, polymerization and isomerization take place via different, non-interfering processes.
- Another method of manufacturing a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device comprises, in accordance with the invention, the following steps:
- This method enables a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device to be obtained in an elegant and relatively simple manner.
- diffusion of the reactive dopant from the unexposed sub-pixels to the exposed sub-pixels occurs, and this dopant is converted into a polymeric network at the location of the exposed sub-pixels.
- the concentration of this dopant in the exposed parts becomes much higher than in the unexposed parts. Consequently, if the concentrations of both chiral dopants are properly selected, the net twist sense in the unexposed sub-pixels will be contrary to that in the exposed sub-pixels.
- liquid-crystalline material also comprises reactive, achiral monomers. These monomers are polymerized upon local exposure of the layer.
- a proper choice of the quantities of reactive chiral and reactive achiral monomers, along with properly selected polymerization conditions, enable an optimum setting of the switching properties and optical properties of the nematically ordered liquid-crystalline layer.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device in accordance with the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a number of compounds used in the manufacture of the display device in accordance with the invention. It is noted that, for clarity, Fig. 1 is not drawn to scale.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a part of a multi-domain liquid-crystal display device in accordance with the invention.
- This display device comprises a liquid-crystal cell (1) which is provided with a nematically ordered liquid-crystal material (2) which is sandwiched between two substantially parallel substrates (3, 4).
- the liquid- crystalline material comprises a chiral dopant.
- At least one of the two substrates is made of a transparent material, for example glass.
- the substrates are provided with electrodes (5, 6) in the form of rows and columns, which together form an electrode matrix.
- At least one of the two electrodes consists of a transparent material, for example on the basis of ITO (indium tin oxide). This material is present on the transparent substrate.
- the display device comprising said cell (1) may be of the passive type.
- the device is of the active type; for this purpose, the cell is provided with (schematically indicated) active switching elements (7), which connect the electrodes (6) with drive electrodes (not shown).
- active switching elements (7) which connect the electrodes (6) with drive electrodes (not shown).
- the further drive electronics of the display device is not shown.
- the device further comprises two polarizers (not shown) whose directions of polarization cross each other at right angles.
- the cell further comprises two orientation layers (8, 9), which are preferably made of polyimide and which are applied to the facing surfaces of the electrode layers.
- Said orientation layers may be uniformly oriented, for example, by subjecting them to a rubbing treatment. If necessary, one or both orientation layers may alternatively be structured in known manner.
- a specific preferred direction, parallel to the direction of rubbing, is imposed, at the location of the orientation layer, on the liquid-crystalline molecules of the liquid-crystalline material (2) which is situated between the two substrates.
- Dependent upon the type of material and the thickness of the liquid-crystalline layer a nematically ordered liquid-crystalline layer can be obtained in this manner.
- the rows and columns of the electrode matrix define a matrix of pixels having dimensions of approximately 100 by 300 micrometers. Each of these pixels can be individually driven by means of the rows and columns.
- the pixels are composed of two or four sub-pixels, or another multiple of two.
- the pixels (10) are subdivided into two sub-pixels (11, 12).
- the twist sense of the nematically ordered material in sub-pixel (11) is opposite to that in sub-pixel (12).
- the composition of the chiral dopant in the sub-pixel (11) differs from that in the sub-pixel (12).
- This difference can be achieved in various ways. For example, use can be made of isomerizable chiral compounds, which are treated in such a manner that the sums of the chirality in the two different types of sub-pixels have adopted an opposite sign.
- diffusion mechanisms can be used to adapt the concentration of chiral compounds in the two different types of sub-pixels in such a manner that the twist sense in the one sub-pixel is opposite to that in the other sub-pixel.
- a cell (1) of the display device in accordance with the invention is manufactured in accordance with a first method.
- An isomerizable chiral dopant A (0.52% by weight) having a first twist sense, as well as a non-isomerizable chiral dopant B (0.52% by weight; ZLI S811; Merck) whose twist sense is opposite to the first twist sense, are added to a mixture of non-reactive monomers (ZLI 4792; Merck).
- the structures of the dopants A and B are shown in Fig. 2.
- An empty cell (1), as shown in Fig. 1, is filled with this mixture.
- a mask having a line pattern is positioned relative to the layer. The width of the lines is approximately 100 micrometers and the pitch between the lines is 200 micrometers.
- the liquid-crystalline material is exposed, via the line mask, to light originating from a broadband mercury lamp (intensity 8 mW) for 2 minutes, so that the isomerizable chiral dopant A in the exposed portion of the liquid-crystalline layer is converted.
- a broadband mercury lamp intensity 8 mW
- the pixels of the cell are found to be subdivided into two types of sub-pixels demonstrating an opposite twist sense. This has the favorable effect that the viewing angle dependence of the display device is substantially reduced relative to that of the same device without the isomerization step.
- the durability of the device can be improved by additionally adding 1 % by weight of D-type reactive monomers (see Fig. 2) as well as a small quantity of peroxide- initiator to the solution and subjecting the liquid-crystalline layer formed to a thermal treatment after the isomerization step.
- a thermal treatment 80 °C for 30 minutes
- a polymeric network is formed which counteracts diffusion of the chiral dopants to adjacent sub-pixels.
- the presence of a photo- polymerized network in the cell for example on the basis of (meth)acrylates, leads to a higher durability of the improvement of the viewing angle dependence of the display device.
- thermal polymerization two different processes (thermal polymerization and photochemical isomerization) are used, the risk of problems is found to be smaller.
- a cell (1) of the display device in accordance with the invention is manufactured according to a second method.
- a reactive isomerizable chiral dopant C (0.93% by weight) having a first twist sense, as well as a non-reactive non-isomerizable chiral dopant B (0.34% by weight) having an opposite twist sense were added to a mixture of non-reactive monomers (ZLI 4792; Merck).
- a cross-linking agent D (0.5% by weight) and a small quantity of a photo-initiator (Irgacure) were also added to the mixture.
- a mask having a line pattern was positioned relative to the layer.
- the width of the lines was approximately 50 micrometers and the pitch between the lines was 100 micrometers.
- the liquid-crystalline material was exposed to light originating from a broadband UV lamp (intensity 1 mW) for 50 minutes, thus causing the reactive chiral dopant C and the cross-linking agent D to be polymerized into a polymeric network.
- the reactive chiral dopant diffuses from the unexposed sub-pixels to the exposed sub-pixels in which, subsequently, polymerization takes place.
- the pixels of the cell were subdivided into two types of sub-pixels having an opposite twist sense.
- the viewing angle dependence of the display device was found to be considerably reduced relative to that of the same device in which no selective diffusion occurred.
- the mixture of liquid-crystalline material used to fill the empty cell also comprises a certain quantity of reactive, achiral monomers.
- the multi-domain liquid-crystal display device in accordance with the invention comprises two substantially parallel substrates which are provided with an electrode layer and an orientation layer.
- a layer of a nematically ordered liquid-crystalline material comprising a chiral dopant is sandwiched between the substrates.
- the layer is structured in such a manner that the pixels of the layer are composed of at least two types of sut -pixels in which the twist senses of the liquid-crystalline material are mutually opposite.
- this construction is achieved by differentiating the composition of the chiral dopant in the different types of sub-pixels. This is attained by employing isomerizable chiral dopants and/or diffusion techniques in combination with local exposure of the liquid-crystal layer.
- the invention also provides methods of manufacturing such multi-domain liquid-crystal display devices.
- the multi- domain liquid-crystal display devices in accordance with the invention are easier to manufacture than display devices in which the orientation layers must be structured.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98912648A EP0917664B1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-04-20 | Multi-domain liquid-crystal display device |
DE69834535T DE69834535D1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-04-20 | MULTI DOMAIN LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE |
JP10529417A JP2000517439A (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-04-20 | Multi-domain liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97201770 | 1997-06-11 | ||
EP97201770.1 | 1997-06-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998057223A1 true WO1998057223A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
Family
ID=8228428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1998/000582 WO1998057223A1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-04-20 | Multi-domain liquid-crystal display device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5936692A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0917664B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000517439A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69834535D1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW523621B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998057223A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005019379A1 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Polymer film with twist pattern |
US6953611B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2005-10-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Anisotropic polymer film |
FR2890397A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-09 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL WITH EXTENDED REFLECTION TAPE |
FR2890396A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-09 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL WITH INCREASED REFLECTION RATE |
US7563389B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2009-07-21 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Sensitized photochemical switching for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
WO2010022891A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Liquid crystalline medium and liquid crystal display |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000178557A (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-27 | Minolta Co Ltd | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal light modulation element |
EP1058955A4 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2005-09-21 | Chiral Photonics Inc | Chiral laser apparatus and method |
KR100519366B1 (en) * | 1999-04-03 | 2005-10-07 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | Multi-domain liquid crystal display device |
US6617371B2 (en) | 2001-06-08 | 2003-09-09 | Addison Clear Wave, Llc | Single component room temperature stable heat-curable acrylate resin adhesive |
KR101315198B1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2013-10-07 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display device |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995018989A2 (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-07-13 | Honeywell Inc. | Method of fabricating multi-domain, liquid crystal displays |
WO1996010775A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-11 | Honeywell Inc. | Wide-viewing angle multi-domain halftone active matrix liquid crystal display having compensating retardation |
US5576863A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1996-11-19 | Hosiden Corporation | Gray scale multi domain liquid crystal display panel having capacitive voltage division characteristics |
EP0768560A1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-16 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Hybrid alignment type liquid crystal display with multi-domain structure |
US5623354A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1997-04-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Liquid crystal display with multi-domains |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0506176B1 (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1996-02-07 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Light-scattering element |
EP0506175B1 (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1996-12-04 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Liquid crystal display device comprising an orientation layer |
US5831700A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1998-11-03 | Kent State University | Polymer stabilized four domain twisted nematic liquid crystal display |
-
1997
- 1997-12-11 TW TW086118672A patent/TW523621B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-04-20 EP EP98912648A patent/EP0917664B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-20 WO PCT/IB1998/000582 patent/WO1998057223A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-20 JP JP10529417A patent/JP2000517439A/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-20 DE DE69834535T patent/DE69834535D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-02 US US09/090,004 patent/US5936692A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5576863A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1996-11-19 | Hosiden Corporation | Gray scale multi domain liquid crystal display panel having capacitive voltage division characteristics |
WO1995018989A2 (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-07-13 | Honeywell Inc. | Method of fabricating multi-domain, liquid crystal displays |
US5623354A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1997-04-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Liquid crystal display with multi-domains |
WO1996010775A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-11 | Honeywell Inc. | Wide-viewing angle multi-domain halftone active matrix liquid crystal display having compensating retardation |
EP0768560A1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-16 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Hybrid alignment type liquid crystal display with multi-domain structure |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6953611B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2005-10-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Anisotropic polymer film |
WO2005019379A1 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Polymer film with twist pattern |
GB2420563A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2006-05-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Polymer film with twist pattern |
GB2420563B (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2008-07-16 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Polymer film with twist pattern |
WO2007028767A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-15 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Method of producing a liquid crystal material that reflects more than 50% of non-polarised incident light |
WO2007028768A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-15 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Method of producing a liquid crystal material having a broadened light reflection band |
FR2890396A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-09 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL WITH INCREASED REFLECTION RATE |
FR2890397A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-09 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL WITH EXTENDED REFLECTION TAPE |
US7887892B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2011-02-15 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Method of producing a liquid crystal material that reflects more than 50% of non-polarised incident light |
US7894018B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2011-02-22 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Method for producing a liquid crystal material having a broadened light reflection band |
US7563389B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2009-07-21 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Sensitized photochemical switching for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
US7642035B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2010-01-05 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Sensitized photochemical switching for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
US7704568B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2010-04-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Sensitized photochemical switching for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
US8025938B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2011-09-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Sensitized photochemical switching for cholesteric liquid crystal displays |
WO2010022891A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Liquid crystalline medium and liquid crystal display |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0917664B1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
DE69834535D1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
TW523621B (en) | 2003-03-11 |
US5936692A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
JP2000517439A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
EP0917664A1 (en) | 1999-05-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP3596722B2 (en) | Optical device, liquid crystal display device, and method of manufacturing optical device | |
KR100236256B1 (en) | Lcd device, its manufacturing method and its driving method | |
US7910178B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and method of producing the same | |
KR100819993B1 (en) | Liquid crystal display apparatus and manufacturing method therefor | |
US5936692A (en) | Multi-domain liquid-crystal display device | |
JP2930496B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same | |
US5706109A (en) | Liquid crystal display with polymeric support | |
US6128058A (en) | Liquid crystal device with patterned reactive mesogen alignment layer | |
US8691349B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and fabricating method thereof | |
US7364671B2 (en) | Optical component, orientation layer, and layerable polymerisable mixture | |
CN1051380C (en) | Thermostable photopolymeric material for liquid crystal alignment | |
JP4472263B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display device | |
JPH09197408A (en) | Production of twisted nematic liquid crystal cell formed by using light | |
CN1145121A (en) | Bistable nematic liquid crystal devices | |
JP2009025828A (en) | Liquid crystal alignment layer | |
JP5165667B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof | |
KR0157739B1 (en) | Liquid crystal display device with a polymer between liquid crystal regions made by a heating and cooling process | |
JP2567404B2 (en) | Liquid crystal device and its manufacturing method | |
US20050094073A1 (en) | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device | |
CN1200525A (en) | Alignment layer, method for forming alignment layer and LCD having the same | |
JPH06160824A (en) | High polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display element and its production | |
KR100343224B1 (en) | Method for fabricating liquid crystal display device | |
KR0163885B1 (en) | Pdlc display and its fabrication method | |
JPH05281558A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
JPH09197407A (en) | Liquid crystal display device and its production |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): JP |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998912648 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1998 529417 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998912648 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1998912648 Country of ref document: EP |